Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus (1_1) according to the present invention includes a first transmission unit (11_1) that transmits a first optical transmission signal (21_1), a second transmission unit (11_2) that transmits a second optical transmission signal (21_2), and an output unit that outputs, when the first optical transmission signal (21_1) and the second optical transmission signal (21_2) share a set of information, both the first optical transmission signal (21_1) and the second optical transmission signal (21_2) to a first path (26_1) and outputs, when the first optical transmission signal (21_1) and the second optical transmission signal (21_2) do not share the set of information, one of the first optical transmission signal (21_1) and the second optical transmission signal (21_2) to a second path (26_2).

Abstract: A method of operating an optical switch (1) arranged in an optical DCN (2), comprising: providing first and second NIC's (3, 10), having first and second label channel parts (5, 12) and first and second data channel parts (6, 13), configured in a first and second ToR (7, 14) of a first and second server rack (8, 15), arranging an optical switch communicating with the first and second data channel parts via first and second data channels (16, 17), configuring a switch controller (18) communicating with the first and second label channel parts via first and second label channels (19, 20), transmitting destination information of data packets (30) carried by paired label packets (31) to the switch controller, transmitting data packets to the optical switch, generating signals (45) to configure the optical switch, and sending the data packets to a destination port.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus (1_1) according to the present invention includes a first transmission unit (11_1) that transmits a first optical transmission signal (21_1), a second transmission unit (11_2) that transmits a second optical transmission signal (21_2), and an output unit that outputs, when the first optical transmission signal (21_1) and the second optical transmission signal (21_2) share a set of information, both the first optical transmission signal (21_1) and the second optical transmission signal (21_2) to a first path (26_1) and outputs, when the first optical transmission signal (21_1) and the second optical transmission signal (21_2) do not share the set of information, one of the first optical transmission signal (21_1) and the second optical transmission signal (21_2) to a second path (26_2).

Abstract: A photonic frame switching method and system. The photonic frame switching method includes resetting, by a second input module receiving a master notification, a second timeslot counter used in the second input module to be synchronized with a first timeslot counter used in a first input module, and transmitting a photonic frame from each of a plurality of input modules to a photonic switch fabric device according to a timeslot allocated to each of the input modules based on a scheduling acknowledgement signal transmitted from a main controller, based on the synchronized first and second timeslot counters.

Abstract: An implement method of reservation protocol with multi-services convergence transmission for OBS networks differentially processes the synchronous service flow and the asynchronous service flow, and assembles multiple different types service data into different data burst (DB) by generalized optical-burst paradigm. It functionally expands burst control packet (BCP) and classifies the BCP into two categories: routine burst control packet (R-BCP) and synchronous trace burst control packet (T-BCP). Then it can differentially reserve wavelength channel resource and preempt resource to try to keep the transmission features of synchronous service such as period, low delay jitter and low dropping probability on the base of ensuring the basic QoS requirements of various kinds of service, and realize that a single OBS network efficiently provides asynchronous service and synchronous service.

Abstract: Scalability and energy efficiency are key issues in data centers imposing tight constraints on the networking infrastructure connecting the servers. Optical interconnection mitigates electronic limitations but the additional flexibility offered by WDM and datarate across a data center interconnection network requires architectural design, photonic technologies, and operating strategies be selected and optimized to meet power consumption requirements. Multi-plane architectures based upon space-wavelength domain architectures have been proposed to overcome scalability limitations. It would be beneficial to extend space and time switching domains with the wavelength domain for additional capacity to increase throughput as well as providing same electro-optic interface.

Abstract: Methods and systems for using a signal to generate a pilot tone to modulate the bias point of an amplifier that amplifies the signal. In a cable television (CATV) network, a processor receives a signal to be amplified by an amplifier at a location remote from the processor. A bias point of the amplifier may be modulated to reduce amplifier dissipation. The processor analyzes the received signal to determine a pilot tone for modulating the bias point of the amplifier. The pilot tone may be transmitted to the remote amplifier in the signal. For example, a pilot tone may be generated in a CATV head end, transmitted along a signal path, and downstream amplifiers can use the pilot tone to modulate the bias point of the amplifier as the signal is being amplified.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for switching an optical data stream via an optical network node, capable of switching optical data received at input ports to output ports. The method includes the following steps performed by a processing chain upon detection of a stream at a given wavelength by a given input port: determining a resource of the node based on a predetermined routing policy such that, for a given wavelength common to source and destination nodes of the stream, routing within the network is carried out according to a routing tree covering the network, a root of the tree being the destination node; consulting an occupancy table for the resource, indicating if at least one possible preceding stream is using the resource; determining a delay to be applied by the processing chain to prevent a collision between the stream and the possible preceding stream; and configuring the processing chain to apply the delay.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a processor, wherein the processor is configured to to determine a plurality of available wavelengths that are available to transmit data over an optical network comprising a plurality of downstream nodes, select a plurality of encoding wavelengths from the available wavelengths, wherein the encoding wavelengths is a subset of the available wavelengths, and encode the data using the encoding wavelengths, wherein the encoding wavelengths dictate the switching behavior of the downstream nodes when the data is received by the downstream nodes.

Abstract: A multicast optical switch uses a diffractive bulk optical element, which splits at least one input optical beam into sub-beams, which freely propagate in a medium towards an array of directors, such as MEMS switches, for directing the sub-beams to output ports. Freely propagating optical beams can cross each other without introducing mutual optical loss. The amount of crosstalk is limited by scattering in the optical medium, which can be made virtually non-existent. Therefore, the number of the crossover connections, and consequently the number of inputs and outputs of a multicast optical switch, can be increased substantially without a loss or a crosstalk penalty.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a processor, wherein the processor is configured to split an optical signal into a first optical signal and a second optical signal, wherein the first optical signal comprises a plurality of encoded wavelengths, receive a selection signal, wherein the selection signal selects a plurality of active wavelengths, wherein the active wavelengths are a subset of the encoded wavelengths, compute the routing information for the second optical signal using the active wavelengths, and switch the second optical signal using the routing information.

Abstract: A method for generating optical paths in a photonic network is provided. A model of a photonic network is used to store relationship information that describes the relationships between photonic network elements, as well as configuration information about the elements of the photonic network. A path manager receives a request to generate one or more paths based on an input port and one or more output ports. Using the information stored in the photonic network model, the path manager generates one or more candidate paths.

Abstract: In one embodiment, one or more point-to-point (P2P) services are established between attachment circuits on provider edge (PE) devices in a computer network, and each of the one or more P2P services (e.g., Virtual Private Wire Service, VPWS) are associated with an Ethernet virtual private network (E-VPN) Ethernet Auto-Discovery (A-D) route, where links between the PE devices and customer edge (CE) devices are configured as Ethernet interfaces with Ethernet tagging. As such, the Ethernet A-D route may then be exchanged for each P2P service attachment circuit, and forwarding can be performed on the one or more P2P services without performing a media access control (MAC) address lookup and without performing MAC learning.

Abstract: A method for establishing an end-to-end service is provided in the present invention, which includes: acquiring link information in a network and multi-stage multiplexing capability constraint information supported by gateway network elements; when an end-to-end path computation request is received, according to the link information and the multi-stage multiplexing capability constraint information, performing an end-to-end routing computation to acquire an end-to-end routing, and selecting a multi-stage multiplexing capability used on a gateway network element passed by the end-to-end routing; and configuring the end-to-end service, and configuring the selected multi-stage multiplexing capability on the gateway network element passed by the end-to-end routing. A system for establishing the end-to-end service, an optical transport network and a signal transmission method thereof are also provided in the present invention, which can all implement the interconnection between new networks and old networks.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system for accelerating a packet stream includes a first accelerator configured to re-clock the packet stream from a first clock rate to a second clock rate to produce an accelerated packet stream, where the first clock rate is less than the second clock rate, where the packet stream has a first inter-packet gap, where the accelerated packet stream has a second inter-packet gap, and where the second inter-packet gap is greater than the first inter-packet gap. The system also includes a switch coupled to the first accelerator, where the switch is configured to switch the accelerated packet stream at the second clock rate to produce a switched packet stream.

Abstract: As described herein, a network device includes an optical circuit switch to perform circuit switching. The network device also has a plurality of removable line cards, each of which includes a packet switch. A switching manager automatically reconfigures the optical circuit switch based on a configuration of the removable line cards to maintain a guaranteed packet switching bandwidth between active line cards.

Abstract: A network component comprising a generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) control plane controller configured to implement a method comprising transmitting a message to at least one adjacent control plane controller, wherein the message comprises a Type-Length-Value (TLV) indicating Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) information, wherein the TLV comprises a Node Attribute TLV, a Link Set TLV, or both, and wherein the TLV further comprises at least one sub-TLV indicating additional RWA information. A method comprising communicating an open shortest path first (OSPF) link state advertisement (LSA) message comprising a TLV with at least one sub-TLV to a GMPLS control plane controller, wherein the TLV comprises a Node Attribute TLV, a Link Set TLV, or both, and wherein the TLV further comprises at least one sub-TLV indicating RWA information.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a path computation element (PCE) configured for at least partial impairment aware routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) and to communicate with a path computation client (PCC) based on a PCE protocol (PCEP) that supports path routing, wavelength assignment (WA), and impairment validation (IV). The PCEP comprises at least one operation selected from the group consisting of a new RWA path request operation and a path re-optimization request operation. Also disclosed is a network component comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising establishing a PCEP session with a PCC, receiving path computation information comprising RWA information and constraints from the PCC, and establishing impairment aware RWA (IA-RWA) based on the path computation information and a private impairment information for a vendor's equipment.

Abstract: An optical packet switching apparatus includes an optical packet switching apparatus, an optical transmitting apparatus, and an optical packet receiving apparatus. The optical packet transmitting apparatus includes a packet generator for generating a packet signal by adding the routing information to a received client signal, a BIP adding unit for adding BIP to the generated packet signal, and an electrical-to-optical converter for converting the packet signal, to which the BIP has been added, into an optical packet signal so as to be sent out. The optical packet receiving apparatus includes an electrical-to-optical converter for converting the received optical packet signal into an electrical packet signal, and a BIP comparison unit for detecting the error occurrence in the packet signal, based on the BIP added to the packet signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides reduced power dissipation and other benefits at the optical transport network layer by utilizing a digital subcarrier optical network comprising multiple digital subcarrier cross-connect switches. This offers several advantages for optical networks, including spectral efficiency and robustness against signal corruption and consumption of less energy than traditional TDM-based electric switches (OTN/SONET/SDH).

Abstract: In optical networks new links are added between nodes over time to satisfy the increasing traffic demands of the network. Existing links are normally not changed, resulting in a network that does not have the lowest energy consumption. A method provides a way to reduce the energy consumption of the overall network while supporting the required traffic demands at all times. The network includes a multiple source nodes, and multiple destination nodes. The network is represented by a graph of nodes connected by edges, wherein each node represents an optical network element and each edge represents a path connecting two optical network elements. Each edge is labeled with a demand. The non-bridge edge with a lowest demand is removed from the graph, and the lowest demand is added to the non-bridge edge with a highest demand. These steps are repeated until a termination condition is reached.

Abstract: Various signal routing systems are disclosed. Some routing systems include a crosspoint switch or switching fabric for coupling input ports to output ports, allowing an input signal received at one of the input ports to be transported to one or more of the output ports. The systems may include aggregation or compression modules to allow multiple input signals to be combined into one or more compressed signals, which may be converted into optical signals for transmission to a communication network. In some embodiments, the communication network may include a packet switched router which extracts some of the input signals from the optical signals and produced corresponding packetized signals that are coupled to output ports. Some routing system may include only a packet switched router. Some routing systems may be configured to receive compressed or aggregated signals and to decompress or deaggregate such signals to form individual signals as output signals.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of photonic frame scheduling includes receiving, by a photonic switching fabric from a top of rack (TOR) switch, a frame request requesting a time slot for switching an optical frame to an output port of a photonic switch of the photonic switching fabric and determining whether the output port of the photonic switch is available during the time slot, and generating a contention signal including a grant or a rejection, in accordance with the determining. Also, the method includes assigning the time slot to the TOR switch for the output port of the photonic switch, when the contention signal includes the grant, transmitting, by the photonic switching fabric to the TOR switch, the contention signal and receiving, by the photonic switching fabric from the TOR switch, the optical frame during the time slot, when the contention signal includes the grant.

Abstract: An optical packet transmitter device includes: a detection unit for detecting packet-length information and priority information from a received Ether signal; a setting unit for setting, according to the degree of priority, a division factor by which the Ether signal is divided and a wavelength used for an optical packet signal to be transmitted; a header generation unit for generating a header containing destination information, the packet-length information, the priority information, and information of wavelength in use of the Ether signal; a transmission processing unit for dividing the Ether signal according to the set division factor and generating a plurality of packet signals; a header insertion unit for inserting the generated header in at least one packet signal; and an electrical/optical converter unit for converting the plurality of packet signals into optical packet signals of a plurality of wavelengths according to the set wavelength in use.

Abstract: Scheduling methods and apparatus for use with optical switches with hybrid architectures are provided. An exemplary distributed scheduling process achieves 100% throughput for any admissible Bernoulli arrival traffic. The exemplary distributed scheduling process may be easily adapted to work for any finite round trip time, without sacrificing any throughput. Simulation results also showed that this distributed scheduling process can provide very good delay performance for different traffic patterns and for different round trip times associated with current switches.

Abstract: An optical communications network node (10) comprising an optical transmitter module (16), an optical receiver module (12), an electrical cross-point switch (20) and control apparatus (24, 26). The optical transmitter module (16) comprises optical sources (18) each having a different operating wavelength and each being selectively assignable as an optical circuit switching channel source or an optical burst switching channel source. The optical receiver module (12) comprises a said plurality of optical detectors each operable at one of said operating wavelengths. The electrical cross-point switch (20) comprises switch paths (22) and is configurable to allocate a first set of switch paths for optical circuit switching and a second set of switch paths for optical burst switching.

Abstract: An optical packet switching device is provided with: a first input unit and a second input unit for receiving an optical packet signal having destination information and priority information; a first demultiplexer and a second demultiplexer for branching the optical packet signal; an optical switch unit for routing one of branched optical packet signals; a first analyzer unit and a second analyzer unit for analyzing the header of the other branched optical packet signal so as to detect the destination information and the priority information; and an output competition determination unit for checking for temporal competition of a plurality of optical packet signals based on destination information and for determining whether the optical packet signals should be transmitted or discarded based on priority information when there is competition.

Abstract: A packet-optical integrated transport apparatus includes a packet transmitter for outputting single-wavelength signal multiplexed to a preset channel on the basis of packet traffic or circuit traffic input from a metro access region, and an optical transmitter for multiplexing the single-wavelength signal output from the packet transmitter to a multi-channel wavelength signal and adding or dropping the multiplexed multi-channel wavelength signal to or from a node. The apparatus further includes a system controller for transmitting constituent element initialization information to the packet transmitter and the optical transmitter and receiving constituent element operation status information.

Abstract: The fabric card includes at least one fabric card chip and at least two fabric card connector groups, where each fabric card connector group of the at least two fabric card connector groups includes at least two fabric card connectors, the number of fabric card chips is less than the number of at least two fabric card connector groups, each fabric card chip of the at least one fabric card chip connects to all fabric card connectors in at least one fabric card connector group, all fabric card connectors in the fabric card connector group that connect to the fabric card chip exchange data using the fabric card chip. This fully utilizes an exchange capability of the fabric card chip and saves system resources.

Abstract: An optical packet switching system includes an optical packet generator for generating an optical packet signal, an optical packet switching unit, provided with an optical switch, for switching the route of an inputted optical packet signal by controlling on/off of the optical switch, and an optical signal-to-noise ratio measuring unit for measuring the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the optical packet signal outputted from the optical packet switching unit. When switching the route of the optical packet signal, the optical packet switching unit outputs an optical packet signal with optical noise by keeping the optical switch on longer than the time width of the packet signal. The optical signal-to-noise ratio measuring unit measures the optical signal power and the optical noise power, respectively, in the optical packet signal with optical noise and measures the optical signal-to-noise ratio by calculating the ratio between the optical signal power and the optical noise power.

Abstract: An optical path switching type optical signal transmission/reception apparatus includes a one-to-seven compatible optically controlled optical path switching apparatus 100 that is connected to a host optical signal transmission/reception apparatus 1 via an optical fiber, a total of seven subordinate optical communication adapters 110 connected via optical fibers, user side devices 160 connected to respective subordinate optical communication adapters via an electric circuit, an optical transmission/reception control circuit provided in each of the total of seven subordinate user side optical communication adapters 110, and including an uplink optical signal transmission mechanism, a downlink optical signal reception mechanism, a control light source that can generate control light to drive the optical path switching apparatus 100, in which a wavelength of the generated control light is different from a wavelength of signal light, and an optical communication oriented transmission/reception mechanism using the

Abstract: An optical packet switching system includes: an optical packet switching device configured to route and output an input optical packet signal; an optical amplifier device provided in a stage subsequent to the optical packet switching device; and a control signal generation unit configured to superimpose a noise component on the optical packet signal by inducing cross talk in the optical packet switch.

Abstract: An optical packet switching system includes optical packet switching apparatus and an optical packet transmitting apparatus. The optical packet switching apparatus includes client optical delay units for delaying optical packet signals, network optical delay units for delaying one of the network optical packet signals, the network optical delay unit having a longer delay time than the client optical delay unit, an optical switch unit for switching the route of the inputted client optical packet signal so as to be sent out, an optical switch control unit for controlling the optical switch unit. The optical switch control unit is configured in such a manner as to detect a free time slot. The optical packet transmitting apparatus adjusts transmit timing, with which the client optical packet signal is sent out, in such a manner that the client optical packet signal is inserted into the free time slot.

Abstract: An all-optical contention manager includes at least two inputs and at least two outputs. The outputs are configured to output signals to a Banyan switch. The contention manager detects and resolves routing contentions between incoming optical signals prior to outputting the signals to the Banyan switch. The signals have tags that include routing information. A photonic comparator in the contention manager compares the tags of incoming optical signals in order to detect contention.

Abstract: A crossbar may be coupled between a plurality of PHY devices configured to provide physical layer functions according to an Open Systems Interconnection, OSI, model and a plurality of MAC devices configured to provide data link layer functions according to the OSI model. First data couplings may be provided through the crossbar between the plurality of PHY devices and the plurality of MAC devices during a first time period. Second data couplings may be provided through the crossbar between the plurality of PHY devices and the plurality of MAC devices during a second time period, with the first and second data couplings being different. Related network elements, interfaces, and networks are also discussed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to implementing high-radix switch topologies on relatively lower-radix physical networks. In one embodiment, the method comprises constructing the physical network (702) composed of one or more optical switches connected via one or more waveguides. A desired switch topology (704) is then designed for implementation on the physical network. The switch topology is then overlain on the switch network by configuring the optical switches and waveguides (706) to implement the switch topology on the physical network. The optical switches can be reconfigured following a transmission over the physical network and can be configured to implement circuit switching or packet switch.

Abstract: A Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) multi-mode switching system and method and method provides concurrent switching in various switching modes. For example, WDM links may communicate data in various switching modes including, but not limited to, an electronic packet switching (EPS) mode, optical circuit switching (OCS) mode, and optical burst switching (OBS) mode. Edge routers and core routers in the WDM multi-mode switching systems and methods provide switching and processing necessary to handle data provided in the various switching modes. Further, the WDM multi-mode switching systems and methods can also provide dynamic reconfiguration between the various switching modes.

Abstract: A method and a device are provided for swapping optical labels in an optical communication network. Optical information, including payload data and label data digitally encoded into the optical information, is received. At least one group of bits within the optical information is selectively inverted to rewrite the label data with new label data without changing the payload data. Each of the at least one group of inverted bits includes at least two bits and all bits of each of the at least one group of inverted bits are contiguous bits.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mechanism for distributing client Virtual Private Network (VPN)-related information within a network using a source-independent distributed advertisement that includes incorporating client VPN-related information related to a node of a network into a source-independent distributed advertisement associated with a routing protocol, distributing the source-independent distributed advertisement from the node of the network to at least one other node of the network, or from another node of the network or a centralized management system to the at least one other node of the network, and updating other VPN-related information with the client VPN-related information related to the node of the network at the at least one other node of the network, wherein the client VPN-related information related to the node of the network is distributed to the at least one other node of the network without requiring the establishment of a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) session specifically for t

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a path computation element (PCE) configured for at least partial impairment aware routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) and to communicate with a path computation client (PCC) based on a PCE protocol (PCEP) that supports path routing, wavelength assignment (WA), and impairment validation (IV). Also disclosed is a network component comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising establishing a PCEP session with a PCC, receiving path computation information comprising RWA information and constraints from the PCC, establishing impairment aware RWA (IA-RWA) based on the path computation information and a private impairment information for a vendor's equipment, and sending a path and an assigned wavelength based on the IA-RWA to the PCC. Disclosed is a method comprising establishing impairment aware routing and wavelength assignment for a plurality of network elements (NEs) in an optical network using routing and combined WA and IV.

Abstract: An optical packet switching apparatus includes an optical coupler for branching off a received optical packet signal, an optical switch unit for switching the route of one of the branched-off optical packet signals so as to be outputted, and an optical switch control unit for controlling the optical switch unit. The optical switch control unit includes an optical-to-electrical conversion unit for converting the other of the branched-off optical packet signals into an electrical packet signal, a serial/parallel conversion unit capacitively coupled to the optical-to-electrical conversion unit, a packet density detector for detecting the packet density of the received packet signal, and a DC offset adjustment unit for adjusting the DC offset voltage of the packet signal, inputted to the serial/parallel conversion unit, according to the packet density information detected by the packet density detector.

Abstract: A data transmission method, a data transmission system and a data processing node are provided to improve the resource utilization. The data transmission method includes the following steps: a second data processing node receives control information sent from a first data processing node through a preset control channel, where the control information includes at least bandwidth information of a data channel for sending optical burst data and corresponds to the service information of optical burst data of the first data processing node; the second data processing node controls the transmission of pending optical burst data according to the bandwidth information. A data processing node and a data transmission system are also provided.

Abstract: An optical packet switching system includes: an optical packet transmitter device configured to transmit an optical packet signal; and an optical packet switching device configured to route and output an input optical packet signal. The optical packet transmitter device is configured to adjust gap time between optical packets transmitted. The optical packet transmitter device adjusts the gap time to a fixed value defined by time required for switching in the optical packet switching device.

Abstract: An optical packet switching apparatus includes an optical switch unit for switching the route of a received optical packet signal and output the received optical packet signal, and an optical switch control unit for extracting destination information from the received optical packet and generating a control signal for the optical switch unit according to the destination information. The optical switch control unit includes a clock generator for generating a plurality of local clocks of different phases, and a clock selector for selecting a local clock having the smallest phase difference with the received optical packet from the plurality of local clocks. The optical switch control unit generates the control signal using the local clock selected by the clock selector as an operation clock.

Abstract: A multi-chassis network device includes a plurality of nodes that operate as a single device within the network and a switch fabric that forwards data plane packets between the plurality of nodes. The switch fabric includes a set of multiplexed optical interconnects coupling the nodes. For example, a multi-chassis router includes a plurality of routing nodes that operate as a single router within a network and a switch fabric that forwards packets between the plurality of routing nodes. The switch fabric includes at least one multiplexed optical interconnect coupling the routing nodes. The nodes of the multi-chassis router may direct portions of the optical signal over the multiplexed optical interconnect to different each other using wave-division multiplexing.

Abstract: A wavelength locking method, apparatus, and system are provided. The wavelength locking method includes modulating, by using scrambling signals with a same frequency and different phases, each one of a plurality of optical channel signals respectively; processing, by a combiner, a splitter, and a wavelength locker, the modulated optical signals, so as to acquire photoelectricity detector (PD) signals; performing phase discrimination on the PD signals to acquire wavelength information of the optical channels; determining different shift values corresponding to the different wavelength information; and adjusting wavelengths of the optical channels according to the corresponding shift values.

Abstract: An optical multi-drop path is set to a downstream direction, an optical path between adjacent nodes is set to a upstream direction, a packet sorting unit is provided for appropriately controlling packet streams in the downstream direction and upstream direction, and one-to-one or one-to-N communication can be performed not only between servers and clients but also between the clients even when a multi-drop transmission is used in the downstream direction.

Abstract: In the field of communications, a method and a system for packet transmission in an optical communication system, and an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) are provided. The method includes: receiving, from a port, a first uplink packet from an Optical Network Unit (ONU), where the first uplink packet includes a Logical Link Identifier (ID); determining a first ID corresponding to the first uplink packet, where the first ID includes an ONU ID or a Port ID; acquiring a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) tunnel label according to the Logical Link ID and the first ID; and transmitting a second uplink packet on an MPLS tunnel corresponding to the MPLS tunnel label, where the second uplink packet includes data in the first uplink packet and the MPLS tunnel label. The system includes an ONU and an OLT.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for control and data burst routing in WDM photonic burst-switched network is disclosed. In one embodiment, only the control bursts and network management labels are going through optical-electrical-optical conversion inside the photonic burst switching (PBS) module. The building blocks of the control processing unit inside the PBS module may include input and output buffers, control burst parser, burst scheduler, PBS configuration and control, contention resolution, forwarding engine, network management controller, control burst generator, and queue manager. The contention resolution block may be used to resolve resource contention between multiple data bursts. Such contention resolution may take the form of adding additional delays to one of the data bursts, changing one of the data bursts to an alternate wavelength, or dropping some of the data bursts based on various criteria such as relative priority and wavelength.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides virtual router/switch systems and methods with a domain of optical switches operating as a single, virtualized router using a control plane design combining centralized control of higher layer packet switching functions with distributed control over transport switching functions. The virtual router systems and methods simplify and reduce cost of Internet Protocol (IP) networks by removing the core routers, replacing them with lower cost, high capacity optical switches which are Packet Optical Transport Systems (POTS). The virtual router systems and methods avoids full mesh connectivity of the edge routers and the associated need to maintain routing adjacencies to each of the other edge routers. The virtual router systems and methods include a centralized IP layer management. Further, the virtual router systems and methods include distributed control of the optical layers.