Abstract: A vehicle signal light structure includes a light guide, two light source modules, and a collimator. The light guide includes an elongated light output surface, a light incident surface being disposed at both sides of the light output surface, and a light guide surface being disposed below the light output surface. The light guide surface is tilted upward from the light incident surface to the center of the light guide. The light guide surface includes a plurality of V-shaped microstructures defining a light guide structure. The light source modules are disposed at the light incident surface of the light guide. The collimator has a light incident surface disposed at the light output surface of the light guide. A light passing through the light incident surface of the light guide is reflected by the light guide surface and directs to the light output surface, then, is collimated by the collimator.

Abstract: A polygon mirror includes a plurality of reflection surfaces formed in a circumference surface of the polygon mirror at equal intervals, and a surface processed part that reflects incident laser light to form a fan beam spreading in a predetermined direction, and the surface processed part being provided in each of the reflection surfaces.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes plural light sources, a light deflector including a deflecting-reflecting surface, and a scanning optical system including plural folding mirrors and plural scanning lenses, wherein the plural scanning lenses have the same shape, at least one of an optical surface at the incidence side and an optical surface at the emission side has an asymmetric shape with respect to a sub-scanning direction, and has an asymmetric shape in the sub-scanning direction with respect to the main scanning direction, and a difference in a number of folding mirrors disposed between the corresponding scanning lens and the light deflector between light incident on the light deflector from a direction inclined to one side relative to a virtual surface including a normal line of the deflecting-reflecting surface and light incident on the light deflector from a direction inclined to the other side is an odd number.

Abstract: An illuminating device (210) according to an embodiment of the invention included in an image reading apparatus (100) and an image forming apparatus (D) includes light source portions (211a1), (211b1), (211a2) and (211b2), light-guiding members (213a) and (213b) for illuminating an illumination target (G) from an elongated light emitting face (M) that extends in a longitudinal direction (Y), by guiding light from the light source portions, and holding members (216a) and (216b) for holding the light-guiding members. The holding members include holding portions (2161a) and (2161b) for removably holding the light-guiding members, and tilted portions (2162a) and (2162b) that reflect light emitted from the light emitting face (M), the tilted portions extending from a front end on the light emitting face (M) side of the holding portions, obliquely widening with increasing distance from the light-guiding members.

Abstract: A biosensor includes light emitting elements and a light receiving element disposed on a principal surface of a wiring board; a light shielding portion disposed between a light-emitting-element sealing portion and a light-receiving-element sealing portion; a base medium having light transmitting properties, disposed in parallel with the wiring board with the light shielding portion therebetween; an adhesion layer having light transmitting properties, configured to bond the base medium with the light-emitting-element sealing portion, the light-receiving-element sealing portion, and the light shielding portion; and a first electrocardiograph electrode attached to a principal surface of the base medium. The refractive index of the base medium is set to be higher than that of the adhesion layer, and a surface of the first electrocardiograph electrode which is adjacent to the base medium is roughened so that stray light passing through the base medium will be scattered.

Abstract: A semiconductor distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) including a first multilayer structure including a plurality of first semiconductor layers and one or more second semiconductor layers each interposed between a corresponding pair of the plurality of first semiconductor layers; a second multilayer structure including a plurality of third semiconductor layers and one or more second semiconductor layers each interposed between a corresponding pair of the plurality of third semiconductor layers; and a protection layer interposed between the first multilayer structure and the second multilayer structure. The second semiconductor layer has a lower decomposition temperature than the first semiconductor layer. The third semiconductor layer has a lower decomposition temperature than the second semiconductor layer.

Abstract: An illuminating device (210) according to an embodiment of the invention included in an image reading apparatus (100) and an image forming apparatus (D) includes light source portions (211a1), (211b1), (211a2) and (211b2), light-guiding members (213a) and (213b) for illuminating an illumination target (G) from an elongated light emitting face (M) that extends in a longitudinal direction (Y), by guiding light from the light source portions, and holding members (216a) and (216b) for holding the light-guiding members. The holding members include holding portions (2161a) and (2161b) for removably holding the light-guiding members, and tilted portions (2162a) and (2162b) that reflect light emitted from the light emitting face (M), the tilted portions extending from a front end on the light emitting face (M) side of the holding portions, obliquely widening with increasing distance from the light-guiding members.

Abstract: An illuminating device capable of stably illuminating an irradiated object such as a document while suppressing light loss with a simply structure is provided. An LED array (71) and a reflective plate (73) are disposed sandwiching a slit (St) through which light reflected by a document MS passes and a light-guiding member (72) is disposed on the side of the LED array (71). The light-guiding member (72) includes a direct emission unit (77) disposed between an illumination range y centered on a document reading position and the LED array (71) and an indirect emission unit (78) disposed between the reflective plate (73) and the LED array (71), a light incidence face of the direct emission unit (77) and a light incidence face of the indirect emission unit (78) are disposed at mutually different position around the LED array (71), and the LED array (71) is disposed on a side of an interior angle formed by the light incidence faces.

Abstract: A light irradiation element includes a cavity through which light passes and a translucent light conduit bordering the cavity, allowing light to pass therethrough and transmitting the light passed through the cavity, the light irradiation element being disposed along a longitudinal direction of an image bearing body on which an electrostatic latent image is formed and directing the light passed through the light conduit to irradiate the image bearing body.

Abstract: An electronic paper structure is disclosed, which includes a hard substrate, a flexible substrate, at least one magnetic device for fastening the flexible substrate on the hard substrate temporally, a drive substrate formed on the flexible substrate, an electronic paper display layer formed on the drive substrate, and a protect layer formed on the electronic paper display layer. An electronic paper fabricating method using the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A surface emitting laser array element is disclosed that includes a lower distributed bragg reflector (DBR) that is formed on a substrate, an active layer that is formed on the lower DBR, and an upper DBR that is formed on the active layer. A mesa and a dummy mesa that is arranged at a periphery of the mesa are created by removing a portion of the upper DBR. The mesa forms a surface emitting laser, and a wiring is connected to an electrode that is formed on an upper face of the mesa. The wiring includes a portion that is arranged over an upper face of the dummy mesa, a side face of the dummy mesa, and a bottom face at a peripheral region of the dummy mesa extending along a longitudinal direction of the wiring.

Abstract: An optical scanner includes a light source, optical deflector, mirror, first photosensitive drum, and second photosensitive drum. The light source emits a first light beam and a second light beam. The optical deflector deflects the first light beam and the second light beam. The mirror has a reflecting part that reflects the deflected first light beam and a passing part that passes the deflected second light beam. The passing part is displaced from the reflecting part. The first photosensitive drum performs a development with a first toner having a first color. The reflected first light beam scans the first photosensitive drum in a main scanning direction. The second photosensitive drum performs a development with a second toner having a second color different from the first color. The passed second light beam scans the second photosensitive drum in the main scanning direction.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes an optical element and an optical base. The optical element includes a first bonding surface, while the optical base includes a second bonding surface. A groove in which a bonding agent flows is formed in at least one of the first bonding surface of the optical element and the second bonding surface of the optical base. The optical element is bonded and fixed to the optical base through the first bonding surface and the second boding surface by means of the bonding agent.

Abstract: A light projecting device includes a base board, a light guiding member, a holding member, a cover, and a positioning member. A plurality of light-emitting elements are arranged in a line on the base board in a main scan direction. The light guiding member faces a radiation surface of the light-emitting elements and guides light projected from the light-emitting elements to an irradiation region of an illuminated object. The holding member holds the base board. The cover covers the base board and the light guiding member. The positioning member positions the light guiding member on the holding member. The holding member and the cover sandwich the light guiding member positioned by the positioning member. The light projecting device includes the holding member, the light guiding member, the base board, and the cover as a single unit which is detachably mountable relative to a chassis of the light projecting device.

Abstract: A surface-emitting laser device configured to emit laser light in a direction perpendicular to a substrate includes a p-side electrode surrounding an emitting area on an emitting surface to emit the laser light; and a transparent dielectric film formed on an outside area outside a center part of the emitting area and within the emitting area to lower a reflectance to be less than that of the center part. The outside area within the emitting area has shape anisotropy in two mutually perpendicular directions.

Abstract: An illuminating device includes a light-emitting element that is mounted on a base material and a light-guiding member that guides light from the light-emitting element to an irradiation target, and illuminates the irradiation target with the light transmitted through the light-guiding member. The light-guiding member includes an extending portion that extends from the surface of the base material on which the light-emitting element is mounted to a left side end portion of the base material so as to cover the left side end portion. An image-reading includes this illuminating device. Image-forming apparatus includes this image-reading apparatus.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus having organic EL elements is provided. The first optical length L1 between the emission point of the light emitting layer and the reflection surface of the first electrode, satisfies the following formula: L1>0, (?/8)×(?1?2?1/?)<L1<(?/8)×(1?2?1/?), where ? denotes the wavelength of the highest peak in the emission spectrum of the organic EL element, and ?1 denotes the phase shift at the reflection surface of the first electrode at the wavelength ?. The first electrode has a first layer and a second layer. The first layer contains Al and is connected to a transistor, and the second layer covers the first layer and contains Mo and/or W.

Abstract: A surface-emitting semiconductor laser includes a substrate, a first n-type semiconductor multi-layer reflecting mirror formed on the substrate including a pair of a high refractive index layer with a relatively high refractive index and a low refractive index layer with a low refractive index which are laminated, an n-type semiconductor layer formed on the first semiconductor multi-layer reflecting mirror, having an optical film thickness greater than an oscillation wavelength, and including Al and Ga, an active region formed on the semiconductor layer, and a second p-type semiconductor multi-layer reflecting mirror formed on the active region and including a pair of a high refractive index layer with a relatively high refractive index and a low refractive index layer with a low refractive index which are laminated, wherein an n-type impurity dopant injected into the semiconductor layer is a group VI material or Sn.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surface emitting laser that provides a sufficient optical output and is suitable as a light source intended for electrophotographic apparatuses, and a surface-emitting-laser array and an image forming apparatus each including the surface emitting laser. The surface emitting laser includes a first stepped structure on a front surface of a front mirror. In the first stepped structure, a difference L between an optical path length in a first area and an optical path length in a second area satisfies the following expression: (¼+N)?<|L|<(¾+N)? where N is an integer.

Abstract: A housing includes a base portion for installation of an optical beam emission unit, a light guiding unit, and a deflection unit, and a cover portion that includes an indented heat emission channel that transmits heat in an inner portion of the housing to a fluid.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing scan line jitter caused by facet cut variation in scan systems employing a plurality of laser sources and a sensor for generating the timing for the laser sources. The system includes a controller for determining a unique time delay for each facet of the rotating mirror, and controlling the laser sources so that video provided by each laser source is delayed in a scan line by the unique time delay corresponding to the facet of the rotating mirror used in creating the scan line.

Abstract: A light deflector device includes a light deflector having an oscillation system, a driving unit for driving the oscillation system and a drive controlling unit for supplying a drive signal. The oscillation system simultaneously generates a first oscillating motion of a first frequency and a second oscillating motion of a second frequency. The drive controlling unit supplies a drive signal formed by synthetically combining a first signal having the first frequency and a second signal having the second frequency to the driving unit and, at the same time, another drive signal for changing at least the amplitude of the first oscillating motion, the amplitude of second oscillating motion or the relative phase difference of the first oscillating motion and the second oscillating motion to the driving unit in order to correct an offset of scanning light deflected by the light deflector.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a plurality of developers and optical scanners, each of the optical scanners having a light source and a light reflecting unit and forming an electrostatic latent image on a photo conductor of each of the developers. The optical scanners have the same focusing distance from the light source to the photo conductor. The light reflecting unit of one of the optical scanners is arranged at a position different from the light reflecting unit of another optical scanner, such that intervals between the developers vary. The plurality of developers include a yellow (Y) developer, a magenta (M) developer, a cyan (C) developer, and a black (K) developer. The optical scanners include a first optical scanner, which forms electrostatic latent images on two of the developers including the black (K) developer, and a second optical scanner, which forms electrostatic latent images on the other two developers.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image reading device in which light guiding paths can be formed in a simple structure and adjustment of irradiation position of light irradiated onto the original is easy, including: a luminescence portion; a light guiding body including a first light incidence portion disposed on a luminescence portion side and a first light emission portion disposed on an original side; a first reflective surface connecting the first light incidence portion and the first light emission portion in the light guiding body; a light guiding space constitutive member including a second reflective surface facing the first reflective surface; a light guiding space formed between the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface, having a second light incidence portion disposed on an illumination portion side and a second light emission portion disposed on the original side; a mirror; an imaging lens; and a reading portion.

Abstract: A detecting unit detects output-prohibit area information indicating an output-prohibit area from image data. An identifying unit identifies the output-prohibit area in the image data based on the output-prohibit area information detected by the detecting unit. A masking unit performs a masking on the output-prohibit area identified by the identifying unit. A rearranging unit rearranges an image of an area other than the output-prohibit area over the output-prohibit area on which the masking is performed by the masking unit. An outputting unit outputs image data obtained by rearranging the image by the rearranging unit.

Abstract: A light irradiation element includes a cavity through which light passes and a translucent light conduit bordering the cavity, allowing light to pass therethrough and transmitting the light passed through the cavity, the light irradiation element being disposed along a longitudinal direction of an image bearing body on which an electrostatic latent image is formed and directing the light passed through the light conduit to irradiate the image bearing body.

Abstract: An optical scanner includes a light source to project light, a light deflector to deflect light, an optical element, and a holder to hold an optical element in place. The holder includes a curve adjustment mechanism, a first pressing member, a second pressing member, and a retainer. The curve adjustment mechanism adjusts a shape of the optical element in a sub-scanning direction relative to a scanning surface and perpendicular to a main scanning direction. The first pressing member is disposed at a first side from which the first pressing member presses the optical element in the sub-scanning direction. The second pressing member is disposed at a second side opposite the first side, to press the optical element from the second side. The retainer fixes substantially a center of the optical element in a main scanning direction of the light striking the optical element to the first side.

Abstract: A surface-emitting laser includes a substrate; a lower semiconductor multilayer film reflector disposed on the substrate; a resonator structure including an active layer and disposed on the lower semiconductor multilayer film reflector; and an upper semiconductor multilayer film reflector disposed on the resonator structure. The second semiconductor multilayer film reflector includes a confinement structure in which a current passage region is surrounded by an oxidized portion of a selectively oxidized layer containing aluminum. An emission region includes a central portion and a peripheral portion, the peripheral portion being covered with a transparent dielectric film whose reflectivity is lower than a reflectivity of the central portion. The selectively oxidized layer has a thickness in a range from 30 nm to 40 nm. The temperature at which an oscillation threshold current is minimized is 60° C. or lower.

Abstract: A copy machine is provided which includes: a fluorescent lamp; a mirror group having a plurality of mirrors that forms a light path by reflecting luminous flux from an original once on each of the plurality of mirrors, and is configured so that an imaging-side mirror, which is disposed most to an imaging side on the light path, has a shortest length in a main scanning direction; an imaging lens that forms an image from luminous flux reflected by the mirror group; a reading portion that reads an image on the original based on image formation by the imaging lens, disposed in an imaging position of the imaging lens; and a casing body that houses the fluorescent lamp, the mirror group, the imaging lens, and the reading portion, to be movable in a sub-scanning direction that is orthogonal to the main scanning direction.

Abstract: An image reading device according to one aspect of the invention comprises: a conveying unit configured to convey a recording medium; a first transmissive portion having a first surface that allows the recording medium to pass the first surface; a second transmissive portion having a second surface on which a recording medium is allowed to be placed; an image reading unit comprising a line sensor extending in a first direction and movable on a second path, the second path continuously extending below the first transmissive portion and the second transmissive portion; and a driver configured to move the image reading unit on the second path. A relative distance between the line sensor and the first surface changes in the second path below the first transmissive portion. The recording medium can be read at positions having the relative distances different one another.

Abstract: A laser scan unit for an imaging apparatus, including an optical paths having a plurality of optical components for directing and focusing a light beam. A component mounting mechanism is employed having a first member which is substantially fixed and resistant to movement, and a second member having an end portion which flexibly moves in response to forces acting thereon that are generated by changes in temperature due to differences in thermal expansion between the component and the first and second members.

Abstract: A scanning optical apparatus includes, for example, a determination unit, a correction unit, a creating unit, and a drive control unit. The determination unit determines an amount of correction of an image clock for controlling an output timing of a beam for each pixel constituting one line in a main scanning direction of the beam. The correction unit corrects the image clock in accordance with the amount of correction that is determined. The creating unit creates an image signal that is utilized for driving a light source in accordance with the image clock that is corrected. The drive control unit controls driving of the light source in accordance with the image signal.

Abstract: An exposure device includes a mirror to reflect light used for exposure of an object, a holder to hold the mirror, an adhesive that bonds the mirror to the holder and elastically deforms, and an adjusting tool that pushes the mirror to change a direction of the mirror.

Abstract: A lens array includes: a lens array substrate having a light transmissive property; a first lens disposed on the lens array substrate; and a second lens disposed on the lens array substrate in a first direction from the first lens and different from the first lens in peripheral shape.

Abstract: An illuminating device includes a light-emitting element that is mounted on a base material and a light-guiding member that guides light from the light-emitting element to an irradiation target, and illuminates the irradiation target with the light transmitted through the light-guiding member. The light-guiding member includes an extending portion that extends from the surface of the base material on which the light-emitting element is mounted to a left side end portion of the base material so as to cover the left side end portion. An image-reading includes this illuminating device. Image-forming apparatus includes this image-reading apparatus.

Abstract: A housing (30) includes a base portion (30a) for installation of an optical beam emission unit (31), a light guiding unit (35a-39a, 35b-39b), and a deflection unit (32, 33), and a cover portion (30b, 30c) that includes an indented heat emission channel (30b1, 30c1) that transmits heat in an inner portion of the housing (30) to a fluid.

Abstract: A surface-emitting laser element includes a substrate; a plurality of semiconductor layers laminated on the substrate, the plural semiconductor layers including a resonator structural body including an active layer and semiconductor multilayer film reflection mirrors having the resonator structural body sandwiched therebetween; an electrode provided in such a manner as to surround a emitting region on a surface of the surface-emitting laser element from which light is emitted; and a dielectric film provided in the emitting region such that a reflection ratio of a peripheral part of the emitting region is different from a reflection ratio of a center part of the emitting region. Edge portions that are near edges of the dielectric film are tilted with respect to the surface.

Abstract: An optical scanner includes a light source including light emitters, an aperture member collimating light beams from the light source, a deflector deflecting the light beams passing through the aperture member, and a scanning optical system condensing the deflected light beams onto a scanned surface to optically scan the surface in a main-scanning direction. The scanning optical system includes a resin scanning system having at least one resin scanning lens. At least one folding mirror/sheet glass is disposed between a scanning lens nearest to the deflector in the resin scanning system and the scanned surface. At least one scanning lens in the resin scanning system has an uneven birefringence distribution with respect to a sub-scanning direction. An optical conjugate image of the aperture member is formed between a lens surface nearest to the deflector in the resin scanning system and a lens surface nearest to the scanned surface with respect to the sub-scanning direction.

Abstract: An optical scanner includes a frame, a light source, an optical member, and a spacer. The light source emits a light beam. The optical member is mounted on the frame to guide the light beam to a scanning target. The spacer maintains the optical member at a predetermined position with respect to the frame. The spacer is formed of a photocurable resin that is cured in response to a predetermined light having a wavelength within a prescribed range.

Abstract: A red surface emitting laser element includes a first reflector, a second reflector including a p-type semiconductor multilayer film, an active layer between the first reflector and the second reflector, and a p-type semiconductor spacer layer between the active layer and the second reflector, the p-type semiconductor spacer layer having a thickness of 100 nm or more and 350 nm or less.

Abstract: An optical device includes an optical component that reflects or shapes a light beam. In a particular embodiment, the optical device can include a bending moment generating structure that generates a bending moment in a supported portion of the optical component. The optical device can also include an adjusting mechanism that adjusts the bowing amount of the optical component by adjusting the bending moment of the bending moment generating structure.

Abstract: An image-forming device has a plurality of cylindrical image-carrying members, and an optical scanning unit. The plurality of cylindrical image-carrying members is provided in a main casing for rotating about respective rotational axes. The rotational axes are parallel to one another and juxtaposed in a single direction. The optical scanning unit is provided in the main casing and has a plurality of laser generators, a single rotatable polygon mirror, a plurality of mirrors, and a plurality of lenses. The plurality of laser generators is provided one-to-one relationship to the plurality of image-carrying members to emit respective laser beams. The single rotatable polygon mirror deflects the respective laser beams to scan the respective image-carrying members therewith. The plurality of mirrors is provided one-to-one relationship to the plurality of image-carrying members to guide the respective laser beams along respective optical paths to the respective image-carrying members.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image reading device in which light guiding paths can be formed in a simple structure and adjustment of irradiation position of light irradiated onto the original is easy, including: a luminescence portion; a light guiding body including a first light incidence portion disposed on a luminescence portion side and a first light emission portion disposed on an original side; a first reflective surface connecting the first light incidence portion and the first light emission portion in the light guiding body; a light guiding space constitutive member including a second reflective surface facing the first reflective surface; a light guiding space formed between the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface, having a second light incidence portion disposed on an illumination portion side and a second light emission portion disposed on the original side; a mirror; an imaging lens; and a reading portion.

Abstract: A disclosed surface emitting laser is capable of being manufactured easily, having a higher yield and a longer service lifetime. In the surface emitting laser, a selectively-oxidized layer is included as a part of a low refractive index layer of an upper semiconductor distribution Bragg reflector; the low refractive index layer including the selectively-oxidized layer includes two intermediate layers adjoining the selectively-oxidized layer and two low refractive index layers adjoining the intermediate layers. Al content rate in the intermediate layers is lower than that in the selectively-oxidized layer, and Al content rate in the low refractive index layers is lower than that in the selectively-oxidized layer. This configuration enables providing more control over the thickness and oxidation rate of the oxidized layer, thereby enabling reducing the variation of the thickness of the oxidized layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method of controlling a light level of a light beam irradiated by a light source are provided. The light source is caused to irradiate the light beam having a light level determined based on a light level correction value for a specific main scanning position. The light level correction value is calculated based on light level change information indicating the change in the light level correction value for the specific main scanning position changes with respect to an initial light level correction value or a preceding light level correction value.

Abstract: A lens array, includes: a plurality of lens substrates which include a plurality of lenses arranged in a first direction; and a support member which supports the plurality of lens substrates arranged in the first direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a latent image carrier on which a latent image is formed; and a line head. The line head includes light-emitting elements arranged in a first direction; an aperture diaphragm; and an optical system that images light emitted from the light-emitting elements on a latent image carrier. The aperture diaphragm and the optical system are arranged in a second direction that is orthogonal to or substantially orthogonal to the first direction; and among the lenses included in the optical system, a lens located at the position closest to the aperture diaphragm is a multifocal lens.

Abstract: Provided are a light scanning unit capable of compensating for a zigzag error, an imaging apparatus having the same, and a method of compensating for a zigzag error of the light scanning unit. The light scanning unit may scan light beams using an oscillation mirror configured to rotatably oscillate. The light scanning unit may deflect light beams in a sub-scan direction in synchronization with the rotatable oscillation of the oscillation mirror, thereby compensating for a zigzag error caused by reciprocative scanning of the oscillation mirror.

Abstract: A light-collective member (142) for collecting a light outputted from a light source (140), which irradiates a light toward a document surface, toward a sub-scanning direction is provided in front of the light source (140). An illuminating portion which is so formed that each of opposite end surfaces (170, 172) in the main scanning direction of the light-collective member (142) has an obtuse angle with respect to a bottom surface (174) facing the light source (140).

Abstract: An oscillator device includes a supporting member, a movable member, an elastic supporting member configured to elastically support the supporting member and the movable member around an oscillation axis, and a driving member configured to drive the movable member, wherein the elastic supporting member includes a plurality of springs and at least one spring constant adjusting member configured to couple the plurality of springs with each other.