Abstract: An aircraft cabin lighting system comprises one or more cabin lighting units, each cabin lighting unit comprising an emergency exit sign arranged to be electrically illuminated; and one or more luminescent emergency exit signs. The luminescent emergency exit signs are portable, and each comprise an adhesive layer arranged to allow the luminescent emergency exit sign to be adhered to a surface. The signs are arranged to be adhered to a surface in the vicinity of the electrical emergency exit sign in use, and do not require electricity to function.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a plane heater that generates heat by using graphene or the like as the conductive heat generation material thereof. The plane heater includes: a nonconductor substrate; a heat generation material applied to the nonconductor substrate; and a pair of electrodes configured to generate resistance heat in the heat generation material. The pair of electrodes include a first electrode configured to be connected to one pole of a power source, and a second electrode configured to be connected to the other pole of the power source. The sectional areas of at least some portions of the first electrode and the second electrode are determined such that a plurality of electric circuits formed by the first electrode, the heat generation material, and the second electrode can have the theoretically same resistance.

Abstract: An illuminated decorative panel comprises a slab composed at least partly of substantially transparent material, a decorative element associated with the slab, lighting device/unit/component/structure of the slab comprising at least one emitting device of at least one light wave, wherein the slab comprises at least one housing compartment of the emitting device formed along at least one stretch of at least one side of the slab.

Abstract: A lightweight display includes a plurality of display modules having a plurality of pixels carried by a display mounting frame. A support frame integral with the display mounting frame provides support. An electronic support member carries electrical components electrically communicating with the plurality of display modules for controlling the display of an image. Wherein the depth of the plurality of display modules, display mounting frame, support frame and electronic support member is less than four inches when defining a display assembly. Also wherein the display assembly has a screen size measured diagonally in a range of 114 inches to 224 inches and a weight in the range of 90 pounds to 120 pounds and wherein the display assembly has an aspect ratio ranging from 1.67 to 1.82.

Abstract: An aircraft emergency sign comprising a base layer comprising a photoluminescent material arranged to be charged by electromagnetic wavelengths in a first range and arranged to emit electromagnetic emissions in a second range; a barrier layer; and a print layer, the print layer being printed with at least one of a color or a pattern wherein the print layer is above the barrier layer and on a side remote from the base layer, and wherein the print layer is at least semi-transparent to wavelengths in the first range and the second range, the sign further comprising a mask layer provided between the barrier layer and the print layer.

Abstract: Example invertible meter apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example meter to monitor a media device includes a housing having a display and a plurality of walls. Respective ones of the walls are between respective ones of openings such that the openings are isolated from adjacent ones of the openings. A removable stencil includes a plurality of visual indicators, where the visual indicators to align with respective ones of the openings.

Abstract: The light device of a motor vehicle comprises a light unit (4) and a cover (2). The light unit (4) comprises a light guide (7) with a front surface (8) for the exit of light rays (10) from the light guide (7) situated opposite the cover (2), a rear surface (9) comprising unbinding elements (73) configured to reflect light rays (10) towards the front surface (8), and at least one binding surface (71) to bind light rays (10) emitted by the light source (6) associated with the binding surface (71) to the light guide (7). The light device further comprises a carrier (5) situated opposite the rear surface (9) of the light guide (7) and configured to reflect light rays (10) that have escaped from the light guide (7) through the rear surface (9) back to the light guide (7). The cover (2) comprises at least one impermeable region (22) preventing light rays (10) from passing out of the cover (2), and at least one permeable region (21) to allow light rays (10) to pass through the cover (2).

Abstract: A self-contained illuminated sign for mounting on a vehicle is disclosed. The sign includes a front panel, a rear panel situated opposite and substantially parallel to the front panel in spaced relation therefrom to define a space therebetween, and a light source comprising a plurality of LEDs. The light source is positioned between the front and rear panels and is configured to emit light that emanates from the front panel. The front panel is thus backlit to display indicia. A system for supporting a self-contained illuminated sign on a vehicle is also disclosed. The system includes the sign and a separate mounting frame mountable on a vehicle. The mounting frame is configured to removably receive the sign and, when the sign is received in the mounting frame, to surround a perimeter of the sign while permitting visibility of the front display area. Related methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A display device includes a transparent light guide plate having an incident surface to display a plurality of patterns viewable in different directions and at least one light source facing a part of the incident surface. The light guide plate includes, on a first surface of the light guide plate, a plurality of prisms arranged along each of the plurality of patterns. The plurality of prisms have, for each pattern, reflection surfaces that reflect light emitted from the at least one light source and entering the light guide plate through the incident surface in a direction in which the pattern is viewable.

Abstract: A table-top or wall-mount case houses a control box unit for a home security system. A main housing component seats the control box, and a lid or cap fits into (or onto) the main component and holds the control box in place. A circular opening or window in the cap provides access to the keys or buttons of the key pad. A ring of a plastic foam or other yielding resilient material retains the control unit and holds it in position inside the case. A cord opening and a channel or groove are provided in the base for the power or data cord.

Abstract: A self-service checkout counter is disclosed. In implementations of the present specification, the checkout counter includes a countertop for holding at least one product; a lighting panel disposed opposite to the countertop, wherein the lighting panel comprises at least one light source that provides lighting to items placed on the countertop; a pole that connects the countertop and the lighting panel, and supports the lighting panel; and a plurality of cameras that shoot images of items placed on the countertop, wherein the images are used to perform product identification and pricing and at least a part of the plurality of cameras are disposed on the lighting panel.

Abstract: A lighting device (1) is disclosed, comprising at least a first elongated carrier (2) and a second elongated carrier (3), each of the first elongated carrier (2) and the second elongated carrier being foldable (3). At least the first elongated carrier (2) and the second elongated carrier (3) have been folded over each other such that a plurality of sections (16) of the first elongated carrier (2) are interleaved with respect to a plurality of sections (17) of the second elongated carrier (3) so as to form an interleaved structure (10).

Abstract: A kit for securing advertising space to a horizontal wind turbine at a blade height of the horizontal wind turbine, a horizontal wind turbine including the kit, and methods of making and using the same are disclosed. The horizontal wind turbine has blades on a blade side of the turbine, a non-blade side opposite the blade side of the turbine, a tower and a nacelle capable of turning during normal function. The kit comprises (i) an advertisement and/or advertising space and (ii) a structure that facilitates the turning of a base of the advertisement and/or advertising space to mirror the nacelle. The advertisement and/or advertising space is on the non-blade side of the horizontal wind turbine. The base of the advertisement and/or the advertising space is joined, connected or affixed to the tower and/or the nacelle and can store a plurality of ads in the housing.

Abstract: On a flexible substrate is printed LEDs and a driver circuit containing transistors. The LEDs and transistors are printed microscopic devices contained in an ink. The LEDs are printed in groups and connected in parallel, and the transistors are printed in groups and connected in parallel. Other components, such as resistors and an on/off switch, are also printed to form the driver. A battery and other circuit components may also be printed on the substrate. An overlay is provided over the LEDs to create a desired light pattern. The LEDs and driver may be generic, and the overlay customizes the light pattern for a particular application. The transistors in the driver may be interconnected with a trace pattern to drive the LEDs in a customized manner, such as for an insert in a product package for marketing to a consumer.

Abstract: A vehicle lighting system is provided primarily for use with emergency response vehicles. The vehicle lighting system includes at least one luminescent planar sheet affixed to a vehicle's mounting surface. The luminescent planar sheet includes a non-luminescent printed circuit board in the shape of a letter or number which has a top surface of a color which contrasts with the mounting surface's color. The luminescent planar sheet includes a plurality of light emitting LEDs which are surface mounted upon the printed circuit board so as to be arranged in the shape of the desired letter or number with the LEDs covering no more than 20% of the printed circuit board's top surface. Preferably, the LEDs cover no more than 7% the printed circuit board's top surface.

Abstract: One or more aspects of the present disclosure are directed to bladders that incorporate a multi-layer optical film that impart a structural color to the bladder. The present disclosure is also directed to articles including the bladders having a multi-layer optical film, and methods for making articles and bladders having a multi-layer optical film.

Abstract: A linkable linear light emitting diode (LED) system provides apparatus and methods for mechanically, optically, and electrically linking multiple LED modules disposed over a wide and separated area of a ceiling system. Openings can be cut in ceiling tiles of a drop ceiling system and the LED lighting modules are coupled to the tile through the opening, with the tile being sandwiched between different portions of the module. A remote driver system is placed within the drop ceiling above the tiles and provides multiple connectors for powering a multitude of lighting modules. Certain of the LED lighting modules include both input and output connectors for both receiving power or data and providing power or data to other modules. In this manner, some of the modules act as master LED lighting modules and those receiving power and/or data therefrom are act as slave modules.

Abstract: An item such as a leather-based item may have a layer of leather with one or more transparent portions that are illuminated by a light source. The transparent portions of the leather may be formed by a single continuous opening in the leather or may be formed by an array of smaller openings. A flexible light guide may be attached to a lower surface of the leather. The light guide may be used to add structure and heft to a thinned portion of the leather while still allowing the leather to remain flexible and soft. The light guide may be attached to a lower surface of the leather and may diffuse and guide light from a light source towards the leather. The light guide may be formed from one or more waveguide “pipes” or may be formed form a plate-light light guide layer that extends continuously under the leather.

Abstract: A luminous motor-vehicle device. The luminous device includes: a segmenting part including a plurality of through-cavities; a plurality of light sources upstream of the segmenting part; a mask that blocks at least one through-cavity of the segmenting part, said mask being able to be partially passed through by light. The luminous device is arranged so that each through-cavity directly or indirectly receives light from at least one separate light source.

Abstract: An input device includes: a switch to be switched by being pressed; a plurality of light sources including a first light source and a second light source; and a light guide that guides light emitted from each of the plurality of light sources. The light guide includes: an emission part that emits the light; a first light guide leg that is coupled to the emission part and guides first light to the emission part; and a second light guide leg that is coupled to the emission part and guides second light to the emission part. The emission part includes a first design that illuminates by reflecting the first light, and a second design that illuminates by reflecting the second light. The first light guide leg includes a first reflection surface that reflects the first light. The second light guide leg includes a second reflection surface that reflects the second light.

Abstract: A local light-emitting road sign board apparatus is disclosed. Local light-emitting panels, displaying road guides in the form of a character, numeral, symbol, or figure, are independently inserted and installed in openings for road sign units that are provided in a main substrate. A sub substrate and a retroreflective sheet are laminated and bonded on each local light-emitting panel so as to form a road sign unit. A retroreflective sheet is also bonded on the main substrate so as to form the background of a road sign unit. When one of road sign units fails, it is possible to simply separate, repair or replace, and reinstall only the failed road sign unit while leaving the others intact.

Abstract: Example invertible meter apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example invertible meter apparatus includes a housing having a display area. The housing positionable in a first orientation or a second orientation different than the first orientation. The meter apparatus includes a stencil removably coupled to the display area of the housing. The stencil having indicia to be positioned in the display area of the housing in an upright orientation when the housing is in the first orientation. The stencil being repositionable to orient the indicia to the upright orientation when the housing is moved to the second orientation. The meter apparatus includes a cover removably coupled to the housing to enable access to the stencil in the display area.

Abstract: A multicolor display apparatus displays a design pattern by reflecting light beams which are incident into a light guide body by arrays of fine shapes and emitting the reflected light beams from the light emission surface, in which, when it is assumed that the gradation values of red, green, blue, and white at a point where a specific color (to be displayed) of the design pattern of the light guide body is displayed using red, green, blue, and white light are set as I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w), respectively, and when it is assumed that the gradation values of red, green, and blue in the case of displaying a color close to the specific color using only red, green, and blue light without white light are set as Ir, Ig, and Ib, respectively, the fine shapes for each of red, green, blue, and white colors have a height or a pitch which corresponds to the gradation values I(r), I(g), I(b), and I(w) as follows: I(w)=min(Ir, Ig, Ib)×A/100; I(r)=Ir?I(w); I(g)=Ig?I(w); I(b)=Ib?I(w). Here, A/100 is less than 1.

Abstract: A display device may include a first touch sensing member on a top surface of a display panel, a second touch sensing member on a bottom surface of the display panel, a main FPCB coupled to the display panel and including first and second connecting portions, a first touch FPCB connected to the first touch sensing member and the first connecting portion, a second touch FPCB connected to the second touch sensing member and the second connecting portion, a first touch driving circuit on the first touch FPCB, and a second touch driving circuit on the second touch FPCB. The first touch driving circuit and the first connecting portion may be positioned opposite to each other with respect to the main FPCB. The second touch driving circuit and the second connecting portion may be positioned opposite to each other with respect to the main FPCB.

Abstract: An illuminated plate for motor vehicles includes: a base sheet; an electroluminescent sheet; a background sheet which is transparent, translucent, or reflective, and which has a cutout section constituted by openings shaped in characters for display; character inserts which are transparent or translucent and shaped in the characters, which character inserts are infixed in the corresponding openings of the characters in the cutout section; and a clear cover sheet.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and including a first pad part, the first pad part including a plurality of first pads disposed at a first edge thereof, and a printed circuit board having an insertion hole in which at least a portion of the first edge of the first pad part is accommodated. The printed circuit board includes a plurality of first terminals disposed on an inner surface of the insertion hole to contact the plurality of first pads.

Abstract: Example invertible metering apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example apparatus disclosed herein includes a housing orientation determiner and a stencil orientation determiner. The example apparatus also includes an orientation validator to determine whether a detected orientation of the stencil relative to a detected orientation of the housing is valid.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of display modules, assemblies of display modules, and systems of display modules. Display modules have a plurality of light emitting elements arranged in a predetermined pattern and providing a highly uniform visual effect. Alignment and complementary alignment features enable the alignment of adjacent display modules and the creation of large displays from a plurality of aligned display modules. Features to grip and retain a support frame are provided. Modules and systems have features that permit installation and removal from the front side of the display. A system of modular support frames works cooperatively with the display modules, adapting to different mounting environments, and thereby providing large modular displays with desirable properties.

Abstract: A multicolor display device realizes multicolor display with high color reproducibility which can be felt beautiful. A red light, a green light and a blue light are incident on a light guide body on which a picture pattern is formed from light sources as first light sources, and a white light is incident thereon from a light source as a second light source to display the picture pattern in multi-colors, thereby realizing beautiful display with good reproducibility of a white color.

Abstract: Example metering apparatus and related methods are disclosed. An example apparatus disclosed herein includes a housing having a display area, The apparatus includes at least one of a first stencil or a second stencil to be removably positionable in the display area of the housing. The first stencil has indicia oriented in a landscape orientation and the second stencil has indicia oriented in a portrait orientation. The at least one of the first stencil or the second stencil is to be positioned in the display area of the housing such that the indicia of the at least one of the first stencil or the second stencil is in an upright orientation relative to the housing. The apparatus includes a cover removably coupled to the housing to enable access to the display area.

Abstract: A display module comprises a circuit board including a plurality of light-emitting elements, a frame having a first face coupled with the circuit board and a second face, one or more first securing structures coupled to the second face, and one or more mounting hooks with a first hook portion coupled to and extending generally rearward from the second face and a second hook portion extending generally downward from the first hook portion. The first securing structures are actuable between an engaged configuration wherein the first securing structures mount or secure the display module to a support structure to at least partially support a display module weight, and a disengaged configuration wherein the display module is not secured to the support structure by the first securing structures, and wherein the mounting hooks at least partially support the display module weight when the first securing structures are in the disengaged configuration.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a light emitting panel and a device body to which the light emitting panel is detachably attached. The light emitting panel has a rear surface serving as a first curved surface. The device body has a surface serving as a second curved surface conforming to the first curved surface. An attachment portion for attaching/detaching the light emitting panel to/from the device body to slide along the first curved surface or the second curved surface is provided on one of the rear surface of the light emitting panel facing the device body and surface of the device body facing the light emitting panel. A groove portion for enabling the attachment portion to slide is provided on the other of the rear surface of the light emitting panel facing the device body and the surface of the device body facing the light emitting panel.

Abstract: Disclosed are a lamp capable of displaying an emblem and a vehicle lamp apparatus using the same. The lamp includes a light source module and an optical member spaced apart from the light source module by a predetermined distance. The optical member includes at least one plate including a bottom surface adjacent to the light source module and a top surface opposite the bottom surface, a first pattern disposed at the top surface of the plate to display a predetermined emblem, and a second pattern disposed at the top surface of the plate excluding the first pattern to condense light incident from the light source module.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flexible display device for sensing bending that includes forming a lower electrode layer, which includes a plurality of lower electrodes spaced apart from each other on a substrate, forming an insulation layer on the lower electrode layer, forming holes in the insulation layer to expose at least a part of each of the plurality of lower electrodes, and forming an upper electrode layer, which includes a plurality of upper electrodes that are spaced apart from each other on the insulation layer and that fill the holes in the insulation layer. At least two conductive units including the lower electrode layer, the insulation layer, and the upper electrode layer are formed to face each other on a substrate of a non-display unit that is arranged near a boundary of the display device.

Abstract: An electroluminescent arrangement is described. This electroluminescent arrangement comprises the following functional layers: (a) rear electrode as layer A; (b) dielectric layer as layer B; (c) electroluminescent layer as layer C; and (d) cover electrode as layer D.

Abstract: A seat marker assembly including a raceway for receiving and mounting a central base component which includes a seat marker and an LED carrying circuit board positioned to illuminate the seat marker, the raceway further mounting first and second wire way covers on either side of the central base component, the assembly further including an end wire way assembly including a base, an end wire way slide with an integrally formed wire guide, and an end wire way cover, wherein the end wire way slide is configured to slidably mount into the wire way base and the end wire way cover is configured to engage the wire way slide so as to position the wire guide at a selected distance beyond the wire way base.

Abstract: A signage system (10) including one or more visual display devices (11), each mounted for display behind the windshield (15) of one or more parked and ignition-off vehicles (16). Each sign (11) has a visual display surface (12) that is capable of forming an illuminated graphic display (13) on the visual display surface (12). The visual display surface (12) would be visible to observers in front of the vehicle (16). The system (10) includes wireless communication hardware (60) that allows the visual display (11) to be programmed by a remote programming device (41). Each of the display devices (11) can be programmed to have a separate message and each message would scroll from left to right across the display surface (12) in a time coordinated manner so that the message appears to scroll consistently from left to right across the visual field of the plurality of display surfaces (12).

Abstract: A sign holder for supporting electrified sign inserts that may vary in width, comprises a base having a groove into which the sign insert can be placed. In the preferred embodiment, two or more gaskets are positioned in the groove with each gasket including a resilient section adapted to engage the sign insert so as to retain the sign insert securely in place within the groove. Each of the gaskets also includes an electrical conductor, such as an electrical wire, which may be embedded in the gasket, in a position where it makes electrical contact with the electrical terminals on the sign insert.

Abstract: A luminescent planar sheet is constructed to provide illuminated alphanumeric characters particularly suitable for mounting upon the planar surfaces of a vehicle. Preferably the luminescent planar sheet can produce visible light, infrared light, or both. A switching system is connected to the luminescent planar panels for selectively controlling power to produce visible light and/or infrared light. The luminescent planar sheet includes a protective coating which permits the passage of both visible light and infrared light, but substantially blocks most or all ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for displaying information on an exterior surface of an aircraft. A display panel is embedded within an exterior surface of the aircraft. A substantially transparent protective layer covers the display panel and forms a portion of the exterior surface of the aircraft.

Abstract: A backlighting system for a cabinet sign may include a plurality of panels. Each panel includes a plurality of light emitting diodes (“LEDs”) attached to the panel. The diode has a box sign depth factor of less than about 1.4. An integrated circuit may also be located on the panel. A wire physically connects adjacent panels.

Abstract: A glowing frame for a hazardous material placard is an apparatus used to illuminate the hazardous material placard during the night or dangerous weather conditions. The apparatus is attached to a vehicle carrying hazardous material and includes a frame, a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) strips, a drain hole, a pair of wires, and a disconnection mechanism. The hazardous material placard and the LED strips are situated in between a front portion and a back portion of the frame. The drain hole allows moisture to be released from within the frame. The pair of wires is used to complete a circuit between the LED strips and the vehicle's side-marker or tail light system. The disconnection mechanism activates the LED strips and locks the placard in place. In addition, the disconnection mechanism deactivates the LED strips and releases the placard from the frame.

Abstract: An exit sign includes an explosion-proof housing having a first chamber and a second chamber within the housing separated by a divider wall, a bottom plate attached to said housing and defining an interface between said housing and said bottom plate, and a window, disposed in said bottom plate, containing a clear glass or plastic window pane and located proximate to said first chamber of said housing, wherein a volume of said first chamber, a housing wall thickness surrounding said first chamber, a divider wall thickness, and a window pane thickness are arranged and designed according to an expected internal explosion pressure within said first chamber, and wherein a volume of said second chamber, a housing wall thickness surrounding said second chamber, and a divider wall thickness are arranged and designed according to an expected internal explosion pressure within said second chamber.

Abstract: A display system is provided The display system includes a power source unit for supplying power; a signal input unit for receiving a video signal from the outside; a video processor for converting a format of the video signals received from the signal input unit into a displayable format; a display unit electrically connected with the power source unit and displaying an image corresponding to a signal from the video signal processor; a light-emitting unit electrically connected with the power source unit and including at least two light sources; and a controller for judging an operating mode on the basis of a signal input from the signal input unit and controlling power supplied to the display unit and the light-emitting unit depending on the judged operating mode.

Abstract: A backlight section is adapted for use in connection with a large format graphic illumination system. The backlight sheet has one or more electroluminescent panels attached to it. This backlight sheet will be mounted onto a display surface. The graphic sheet is then mounted over the assembled backlight sheet having the electroluminescent panels thereon.

Abstract: An illuminated sign having a housing unit with a frame and one or more light emitting arrays to provide visible indicia and a backlight module for mounting a transparent backlight panel which is held in close contact with a reflection panel and optically positions a light emitting unit to emit light through the backlight panel for emission from the front of the sign. The replaceable sign member accommodates the display of visible indicia and is backlit by the light emitting unit. A light sensor is mounted on the backlight module for measuring ambient light. The light emitting unit can be driven by a signal from the light sensor to automatically set a contrast level of illumination to optimize the information presented by the illuminated sign.

Abstract: A modular solar powered illuminated alphanumeric identification system which incorporates solar power or other alternative power sources to illuminate light emitting diodes. The invention includes a plurality of self-powered aligned modules which is secured to a suitable surface in order to provide for visual alphanumeric identification either nonelectronically or electronically during hours of daylight and during the hours of darkness, respectively. The self-powered modules include a plurality of photovoltaic cells which charges one or more battery packs for the subsequent illumination of arrangements of alphanumerically arranged light emitting diodes during periods of darkness.

Abstract: A large format billboard type electronic sign includes at least one structural frame member mounted to a front side of a planar mounting structure that defines a plurality of structural bay members configured for receiving and removably supporting therein a corresponding plurality of weatherized display modules to conceal and protect at least one preformed wiring harness from wind load forces in excess of 100 pounds per square foot and degradation from the effects of ultra-violet sunlight; each individual one of said plurality of structural bay members is provided with a plurality of receptacles to facilitate mechanically and electrically coupling the at least one preformed wiring harness to the plurality of weatherized display modules; and wherein the at least one preformed wiring harness is provided with a plurality of preformed nodes which are dimensioned to be snapped or pressed into position in a wire harness node receptacle forming part of the plurality of receptacles.

Abstract: An out of the box signage kit facilitates in field conversion of a static billboard having an anchored planar mounting structure into a large format billboard type electronic sign that includes a plurality of interchangeable weatherized display modules; a plurality of hand mountable interchangeable structural frames for supporting the plurality of weatherized display modules, each structural frame having a back portion for mounting to a frontside of the anchored planar mounting structure and a front portion defining a plurality of bay members for receiving corresponding ones of said plurality of weatherized display modules; and a plurality of interchangeable wire harnesses, each individual wire harness including a first end for coupling to a power source mounted on a backside of the anchored planar mounting structure, each individual wire harness having a plurality of power extensions for coupling the power source to at least one of the display modules.

Abstract: Provided is a high-quality sign board including an organic light emitting device (OLED) which can be easily adapted to various designs applied by users to the sign board. The sign board includes a substrate, a plurality of first conductive lines disposed on the substrate, a plurality of pixel electrodes electrically connected with the first conductive lines, an intermediate layer comprising a light emitting layer disposed on the pixel electrodes, and a face electrode disposed on the intermediate layer. In another embodiment, the sign board further includes a plurality of second conductive lines, each of which connects at least two of the first conductive lines to each other. In still another embodiment, the plurality of pixel electrodes includes a plurality of first pixel electrodes electrically connected with the first conductive lines, and a plurality of second pixel electrodes that are not electrically connected with the first conductive lines.