Abstract: A screeding machine includes a base unit positionable at framework that defines a concrete structure and a screed head assembly movably mounted at the base via an extendable and retractable mechanism. The screed head assembly includes a grade establishing member, a vibrating member, and elevation actuators for adjusting elevation of the screed head assembly. The screed head assembly is positioned at a screeding location via extension of the extendable and retractable mechanism and is movable over the uncured concrete in a screeding direction via retraction of the extendable and retractable mechanism. Adjustable wings disposed at and in front of the grade establishing member in the screeding direction are movable along the grade establishing member. When one of the ends of the screed head assembly is positioned at a frame portion, the wing at that end of the screed head assembly is moved to position the wing at the frame portion.

Abstract: A power head for a powered concrete roller screed includes a handle and a driver housing at a distal end of the handle. A cordless, battery-operated driver is received in the driver housing. A head actuator includes a translatable link extending along the handle and an eccentric cam. The eccentric cam is operatively connected to the translatable link within the drive housing such that translation of the translation link imparts rotation of the eccentric cam about a rotational axis of the eccentric cam to an actuated position. The eccentric cam is adjacent a trigger of a cordless, battery-operated driver and is configured to depress the trigger when the eccentric cam is rotated about its rotational axis to the actuated position.

Abstract: A rear mount screed assembly may include a main screed comprising a front face and an angled end face. An angle between a plane of the front face of the main screed and a plane of the angled end face of the main screed may be less than 90 degrees. The rear mount screed assembly may include a screed extension arranged behind the main screed relative to a direction in which the rear mount screed assembly is to be moved during operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ground milling machine, particularly a road milling machine, comprising a machine frame supported by travelling devices, a drive engine and a milling device arranged in a milling drum box, the milling drum box comprising a stripping plate which is height-adjustable by means of at least a first and a second actuator. Further, the present invention relates to a method for adjusting a stripping plate of a milling drum box of a ground milling machine, particularly a road milling machine. For the purpose of a reliable adjustment of the stripping plate, the present invention proposes using a monitoring device for detecting the adjustment of a first actuator and a control device for controlling the adjustment of a second actuator depending on the adjustment of the first actuator.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for finishing or texturing a paved surface including one or more transition curves includes a finishing machine with a transverse frame including a series of flexibly connected frame members and one or more power transition adjusters. As the finishing machine proceeds through the transition curve, the control system and sensors of the finishing machine determine its position and the transverse curvature of the paved surface corresponding to its position. The control system may then adjust the position of accessories mounted to the transverse frame via a combination of raising or lowering the accessories relative to the paved surface and articulating the one or more power transition adjusters to adjust the shape of the transverse frame to conform to the transverse curvature of the paved surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for installation of paving materials has a screed that is configured to extend across a gap between first and second forms, wherein the first and second forms are piecewise parallel with respect to each other. The screed has at least a first section that is coupled to a second section. The screed has a first height adjusting member with a first seat surface for slidable contact along the first form and a second height adjusting member with a second seat surface for slidable contact along the second form. The first and second height adjusting members are adjustable to set the height and angle of the at least first and second sections of the screed within the gap.

Abstract: A self-propelled power roller screed having two generally parallel tubular screed tubes and powered winching means that cooperatively engage winching cables attached to deadman structures to advance the roller screed. Screed tube power means spin each of the screed tubes in a direction opposite a direction of travel of the roller screed to provide a generally smooth finish to the surface of the concrete and to push excess concrete forward as the screed moves along the forms. The winching means is a worm gear dual drum winch powered by a variable speed reversible power drill. A cable sheave is translated along a channel in the frame of the roller screed to effectively lengthen or shorten one of the winching cables to advance one end of the frame faster or slower than the second end of the frame, facilitating movement of the roller screed around curved portions of concrete paving and allowing for angular adjustment of the roller screed for differences that might exist in the winching cables and winching means.

Abstract: A gravel grading attachment assembly prepares gravel subgrade to a form prior to concrete placement. The assembly includes a main blade coupled to an attachment member to provide a straight bottom edge. First and second roller assemblies are coupled to and extend from the main blade. Each of a first roller and a second roller rotate in a plane substantially transverse to the straight bottom edge of the main blade. The first roller and the second roller rest upon spaced guide surfaces and the main blade is maintained at a consistent spacing relative to the guide surfaces as the first and second rollers are moved on the guide surfaces.

Abstract: The screen limestone leveling and smoothing tool includes a first and second telescoping members that each include rollers at distal ends for use in rolling the tool across pieces of generally parallel timber in order to even and smooth out a layer of crushed limestone or sand. The screen limestone leveling and smoothing tool includes blade members under each of the first and second telescoping members, which engages across a top surface of the crushed limestone or sand, and which are offset from one another in order to enable the telescoping members to adjust an overall length formed thereon. The blade members are pushed across the top surface of the crushed limestone or sand, and smooth and even the top surface.

Abstract: A screed system, having: a first elevatable rail; a second elevatable rail; a screed bar positioned below the first and second rails and supported by the first and second elevatable rails by respective first and second rotatable hinges, the screed bar moveable along the first and second rails and rotatable relative to the first and second rails at both the respective first and second rotatable hinges.

Abstract: A curb forming machine for use by a single operator to form curved curbing includes a single rotatable curb-forming roller, a handle assembly for pulling and maneuvering the roller, and a motor for rotating the roller. The roller includes a generally cylindrical body, a neck at one end of the body, and a shaping surface, all of which are coaxial. The motor rotates the roller so that the lower periphery of the roller moves toward the direction of pulling to shape and smooth wet concrete into curbing. An overflow guard prevents wet concrete from flowing over the roller onto the finished curb, and an alignment device extends outwardly from the roller to contact a form member. A curb forming method includes pulling and steering such a roller around a curved form, including around tight curves in the form.

Abstract: A novel adjustable screed bar holder used to support screed bars used in concrete finish work. The holder moves along a supporting device such as a stake, pin, or post. A lever on the holder is coupled to a cam wheel such that movement of the lever will disengage the cam wheel from the stake. When the cam wheel is in the disengaged position the holder is free to move along the stake until the lever is released and the cam wheel secures against the stake. Typically the holder will be used to hold a piece of lumber, pipe, rebar, or tubing parallel to the forms used in concrete placement. A screed may then be run over the concrete while it rides on the screed bar supported by the adjustable holder.

Abstract: A rotating cylinder cement screeding system having a drive assembly and handle at one end for powering and controlling the screeding system. The rotating cylinder is made of tubular screed rollers of varying lengths allowing a user to customize the length of the system to match a specific cement pour. Further, each tubular screed roller is supplied with a male and female end for interlocking with each other and for receiving a variety of add on attachments. The rotating cylinder may also be equipped with a constant velocity type U-joint to allow the rotating cylinder to flex and thus, allow for pours with crowns or valleys, as need by the cement installer.

Abstract: A curb forming machine for use by a single operator to form curved curbing includes a single rotatable curb-forming roller, a handle assembly for pulling and maneuvering the roller, and a motor for rotating the roller. The roller includes a generally cylindrical body, a neck at one end of the body, and a shaping surface, all of which are coaxial. The motor rotates the roller so that the lower periphery of the roller moves toward the direction of pulling to shape and smooth wet concrete into curbing. An overflow guard prevents wet concrete from flowing over the roller onto the finished curb, and an alignment device extends outwardly from the roller to contact a form member. A curb forming method includes pulling and steering such a roller around a curved form, including around tight curves in the form.

Abstract: A powered roller screed (366) is disclosed, that uses a dual-drive power unit (370) and a screed roller (368). A power source (372) of the dual-drive power unit (370) includes a first drive output (374) and a second drive output (376), which rotate in the same direction and at the same rate. Each of the first drive output (374) and the second drive output (376) may be used to rotate the screed roller (368). For instance, the first drive output (374) could be attached to a first end of the screed roller (368), or the second drive output (376) could be attached to the second end of the screed roller (368), all to rotate the screed roller (368) in the same direction as the screed roller (368) is being pulled over wet concrete (364).

Abstract: A screed rail system for placing uncured concrete includes a pair of rails positioned to lie spaced-apart and parallel to one another and a screed plate supported between the rails to move along the rails to form a final grade level of uncured concrete in a work area.

Abstract: A rotating cylinder cement screeding system having a drive assembly and handle at one end for powering and controlling the screeding system. The rotating cylinder is made of tubular screed rollers of varying lengths allowing a user to customize the length of the system to match a specific cement pour. Further, each tubular screed roller is supplied with a male and female end for interlocking with each other and for receiving a variety of add on attachments. The rotating cylinder may also be equipped with a constant velocity type U-joint to allow the rotating cylinder to flex and thus, allow for pours with crowns or valleys, as need by the cement installer.

Abstract: Screeding apparatus includes an elongated support and a strike board extending from a carriage on the elongated support, the support moved by drive structure along spaced side forms. The carriage and strike board are moved relative to the elongated support to engage, move and compact wet concrete within a cavity between said side forms during formation of a concrete slab.

Abstract: A portable vibratory concrete screed is described. The screed includes a screed blade including a flat bottom surface extending between a front edge of the screed blade and a rear edge of the screed blade. The screed also includes a vibrator cartridge assembly, with an eccentric weight, releasably coupled to the screed blade. The blade assembly is capable of receiving many different blade styles. The screed includes a handle assembly extending from both sides of the vibratory assembly. The handle assembly includes adjustable and lockable grips.

Abstract: The present application relates to methods for laying a traffic calming surface, in which molten material is deposited on the surface of a road or path and is then moulded so as to form a continuous, substantially sinusoidal profile which extends along the intended direction of travel. The profile can be formed by employing at least one pair of longitudinal rails which are positioned on the surface of the road so as to be spaced apart from each other and such that they are aligned with the intended direction of travel. The upper surface of the rails exhibits the required profile so that molten material deposited between the rails can be spread between the rails to form the required surface.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for power finishing freshly placed concrete in which the acoustic impedance of the treating equipment is made substantially equal to the acoustic impedance of the concrete slab being treated. Preferably, a powered, twin rotor riding trowel is provided with a pair of circular finishing pans that are attached to the conventional rotor blades used later in the finishing process. The pans are characterized by an acoustic impedance approximating the acoustic impedance of green concrete, thereby optimizing the energy transferred to the concrete. Preferred pans comprise ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) plastic. During troweling, the pans are frictionally revolved over the green concrete for finishing the surface without prematurely sealing the uppermost slab surface. Through the disclosed troweling method, a highly stable concrete surface results, and delamination is minimized. Alternative troweling uses pans coated with layered impedance matching material.

Abstract: A side plate system for a slip-form paver apparatus includes a side plate in contact with a finishing pan, a vertically extendable and retractable tube assembly between the side plate and the frame of the paver apparatus, a set screw device for setting a batter angle of the side plate by pivoting the tube assembly and a thumbscrew device for maintaining a seal between the side plate and the finishing pan by closing any gap therebetween.

Abstract: A screed ski system includes a plurality of circlip saddles supported by corresponding stakes and a plurality of sections of screed ski tubing is snap-fit into the circlip saddles. After screeding of a first layer of aggregate or plastic material, the screed ski tubing and circlip saddles are removed as a unit. The spacers are optionally placed on the stakes, and the screed ski tubing and circlip saddles are placed as a unit on the spacers to facilitate screeding of a second layer of aggregate or plastic material over the first. Some of the screed ski tubing can be flexible to provide an arcuate screed ski.

Abstract: A screed with a trussed beam having a cross-section in the geometrical shape of an equilateral triangle used to support tools for working plastic concrete. The beam is supported between spaced apart, wheeled carriages riding forms bounding the plastic concrete. The beam is oriented such that the cross-sectional triangle is inverted with the wide base at the screed top and the apex at the bottom. The inverted triangular truss beam has sufficient space to suspend working tools substantially within the peripheral edges of the beam. The screed uses upstanding integral outriggers so that the pitch at the center of the screed can be adjusted exteriorly to the pour site. A rotary spreader displaces concrete forwardly without deleteriously compressing it as the screed moves forwardly.

Abstract: A screed where the installation is laid out with hollow ended pointed rods. The rods have markings on them to indicate the proper excavation depth for application s such as patio/walkway or d driveway. A grade pin or a jackhammer pin is inserted into the hollow ends of each rod to vertically position the rods to the proper elevation determined by surveying techniques. The pins are then replaced with U shaped rail supports. Rails are then inserted between supports. A screed board notched to ride on each rail is then used to smooth the surface of sub-base materials.

Abstract: A screed where the installation is laid out with hollow ended pointed rods. The rods have markings on them to indicate the proper excavation depth for application s such as patio/walkway or d driveway. A grade pin or a jackhammer pin is inserted into the hollow ends of each rod to vertically position the rods to the proper elevation determined by surveying techniques. The pins are then replaced with U shaped rail supports. Rails are then inserted between supports. A screed board notched to ride on each rail is then used to smooth the surface of sub-base materials.

Abstract: A screed with a trussed beam having a cross-section in the geometrical shape of an equilateral triangle used to support tools for working plastic concrete. The beam is supported between spaced apart, wheeled carriages riding forms bounding the plastic concrete. The beam is oriented such that the cross-sectional triangle is inverted with the wide base at the screed top and the apex at the bottom. The inverted triangular truss beam has sufficient space to suspend working tools substantially within the peripheral edges of the beam. The screed uses upstanding integral outriggers so that the pitch at the center of the screed can be adjusted exteriorly to the pour site.

Abstract: A powered rotary screed provides a powered strike tube that rotates to provide a finish to wet concrete during screeding and a drive tube that provides motive power to the screed to assist with the difficult task of removing excess concrete from a poured pad, or other horizontal concrete surface. No framework or other supporting structure extends between ends of the screed thereby making the screed more portable than comparable screeds having a structure that supports the roller tubes and extends the length of the screed. Handles are pivotally coupled to plates at each end of the screed to maneuver and control the screed during operation. Because the handles are pivotally mounted, they can be pivoted outward to permit the screed to maneuver close to obstacles located near the pad.

Abstract: A powered inertia propelled screed for leveling, smoothing and spreading concrete having a power source, motor pulley, motor belt, power reduction pulley, power reduction belt, transfer axle, second power reduction pulley, continuous belt, irregular shaped pulley, arm, stationary bracket, platform, wheels, tracks, control arms and screed. The rotation of the irregular shaped pulley causes the powered inertia propelled screed to move back and forth along the tracks by inertia and so that the screed is moved back and forth along the concrete.

Abstract: A vibrating screed with rollers for use in leveling a concrete pour. The screed comprises an elongate screed member defining opposed first and second ends and extensible between a pair of screed rails. A first and second roller are rotatably mounted to the screed member and protrude from respective ones of the first and second ends thereof. The rollers are rotatably movable along respective ones of the first and second screed rails. The screed additionally may comprise a motor to rotate the rollers and/or vibrate the screed member.

Abstract: An extension screed assembly (18) for use with a paving machine (14) having a main screed (12) includes a first sliding back board (20), a first linear actuator (22) coupled to the main screed and the first sliding back board, a first extension screed (30), and a second linear actuator (32) coupled to the first sliding back board and the first extension screed. The first linear actuator displaces the first sliding back board relative to the main screed along the length of the main screed. The second linear actuator displaces the first extension screed relative to the first sliding back board along the length of the main screed. When two extension screeds are provided, one on each side of the main screed, and are fully extended, an effective paving width of the main screed doubles.

Abstract: A power screed sled apparatus is provided including a power screed including an elongated frame with a pair of ends. Also included is a pair of skis each coupled to an associated end of the frame of the power screed for transporting the same.

Abstract: A device for levelling a sand layer (1) at the landing place of various jumping events, which device includes rails (2) on either side of the sand layer and a trolley (3) travelling back and forwards on them, which in turn includes at least a rake member (4) for loosening the sand layer, a sand-moving member (5.1, 5.2) for filling pits, and a levelling member (6) for levelling the loosened sand layer, as well as devices for moving these in a vertical direction. The sand-moving member consists of several parallel V-ploughs (5.1) pointed in the opposite direction to the levelling direction and a transverse bar (5.2) or similar together with support devices, moving after the rake member (4).

Abstract: A powered rotary screed has a plurality of interchangeable modules of different lengths so that the power screed can accommodate various sizes of screed jobs. Additionally, the rotary screed comprises a centrally located expansion member that can be adjusted to cause an upper ridge member of the rotary screed to expand outward, thus raising a medial portion of the roller screeds so that they may be adjusted to maintain horizontal alignment. The screed is propelled by drive tubes that are supported by drive modules and powered by hydraulic motors. The screed further comprises a two-section strike tube which is likewise powered by a hydraulic motor. An operator rides in an operator's station and controls the speed and direction of the rotary screed. The drive tubes include a leading drive tube which is vertically adjustable to adjust the amount of pressure of the strike tube upon the concrete form.

Abstract: A concrete screed which includes an elongated rail and a detachable shoe with a screeding surface. The shoe reversibly snap fits or slides onto the rail, and may be replaced when the screeding surface becomes worn. The rail includes hand grips for hand operation, and a hole in which a handle, pole, or hook may be inserted for pulling or pushing the screed. Screed rail supports may be attached to the elongated rail to allow the screed to be pulled over screed rails while screeding.

Abstract: A concrete-floor finisher includes a plurality of rotary shafts (28) supported on a supporting plate (2) of a machine proper (1) so as to be tiltable in x and y directions and rotatable opposite to each other, and a plurality of blades (12a to 12d) radially arranged relative to a rotor (10) at the lower part of each of the rotary shafts and respectively held in place by a plurality of fitting members (13), and a rocking supporting unit (14) for the fitting member of each blade is composed of a fixed plate (15) attached to the upper surface of the blade, a holding member (16) attached to the vertical plate portion of the fixed plate, a bearing (18) pivotally supporting substantially the central portion of the holding member (16) by a supporting pin (17) extended in the tangential direction of the circle of rotation, and means for fitting a square cylindrical portion (19) of the bearing onto the forward end of the fitting member and removably fixing in place with a bolt (21) or the like, thus ensuring 20.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, an adjustable concrete rod for leveling the surface of uncured concrete disposed within a concrete form, the adjustable concrete rod including: an elongate member having a lower edge for the engagement and leveling of the uncured concrete; handles extending outwardly from each end of the elongate member, the handles engaging upper edges of the concrete form, the handles being manually graspable to move the elongate member along the surface of the concrete, with the lower edge adjustably in contact therewith, while the handles are in engagement with upper edges of the concrete form; and a securing apparatus to permit selective lengthwise adjustment of the elongate member.

Abstract: A winch assembly is connected to each end of a vibratory concrete screed to move the screed across a concrete slab to be finished. Each winch assembly includes a rotatable drum with a cable wound on the drum. The free end of each cable is connected to a fixed object mounted along the side of the concrete slab. To wind the cable on the drum and move the screed along the slab, the eccentric drive shaft of the screed is connected through a variable speed belt drive to the respective drum. Each belt drive includes an adjusting mechanism for varying the effective diameter of a belt drive pulley, thus providing a variation in speed. Each winch assembly also includes an eccentric gear speed reducing mechanism, which is connected between the belt drive and the drum to further reduce the output speed to the cable drum.

Abstract: A pan drag device is disclosed for attachment to a concrete finishing machine movable longitudinally along an elongated body of poured concrete, with the finishing machine having a finishing unit engageable with the surface of the poured concrete and movable transversely across the body of concrete to grade the concrete. The pan drag device includes support members mounted to and extending rearwardly from the finishing unit and movable with the finishing unit and pan drag apparatus mounted to the support members for engaging the graded concrete surface to finish and seal the concrete surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for spreading a bonding emulsion for road asphalt, a bituminous fluid substance or a similar fluid substance onto the surface of a road, comprising on a moving machine spreading booms associated with ejection nozzles as well as feed circuits for the nozzles, the booms being capable of moving transversely relative to the direction of movement of the moving machine, and being associated with motor mechanisms to drive them during spreading in a to-and-fro movement. The nozzles thereby perform continuous complementary dynamic spreading on the road surface, with the to-and-fro distance of travel of some of the booms being adjustable as a function of the road width over which spreading is required.

Abstract: A self-propelled screeding apparatus for uncured concrete or the like includes a frame, propulsion means for the frame, a telescoping boom including at least one longitudinally slidable member and hydraulic means to move the latter with respect to the frame, and a screeding device mounted on the boom which includes a vibratory double plate providing two spaced-apart, substantially co-planar flanges for contacting material being screeded.

Abstract: A concrete leveler comprises rails that are laid on both sides of a poured concrete surface, a traveling beam that spans the rails and freely travels along them, a traveling unit that is mounted so as to be freely movable along the beam in a direction perpendicular with respect to the direction of travel of that beam, and a concrete leveler portion that is provided to the traveling unit, and wherein this concrete leveling portion has a screw that is axially mounted so as to be freely and rotationally driven between support legs of the traveling unit, and that crosses a direction of travel of the traveling unit.

Abstract: The invention is drawn to a self-propelled power screed for smoothing freshly poured concrete. The screed is fully supported upon two or more vertically adjustable ski-shaped bases that manipulate the height of the screed relative to the surface. Each of the supports is powered by its own motor and may be adjusted independently in order to achieve a desired operating slope. The supports are situated within the outer limits of the screed body.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically slip forming concrete having a movable frame for moving in a first direction over concrete to be formed into a desired shape. The movable frame has a longitudinal centerline generally aligned with or parallel to the first direction. A crown forming structure is attached to the frame for selectively producing a desired crown on the concrete being so formed. The crown forming structure includes a left segment pivotally attached on an inner portion thereof, along an axis generally near to and aligned with or parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the movable frame. The crown forming structure also includes a right segment pivotally attached on an inner portion thereof, along an axis generally near to and aligned with or parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the movable frame. A transition adjusting device is provided for selectively raising and lowering said inner ends of the right and left segments for controlling the crown forming structure.

Abstract: An attachment for a slip forming paver for automatically finishing concrete surfaces which includes an elongated concrete smoothing trowel member. A mechanism is provided for oscillating the trowel member back and forth along its longitudinal axis and includes another mechanism for moving the oscillating mechanism and the trowel member itself transversely with respect to such longitudinal axis. The trowel member is pivotally mounted to the oscillating mechanism by a pair of levers and a winch and cable mechanism is provided for selectively adjusting the effective weight of the trowel member with respect to the concrete being smoothed by the trowel member. A turnbuckle arrangement is provided for adjustably maintaining the lower surface of the trowel member straight and smooth by applying tension forces thereon. To the extent that the weight adjusting mechanism and the turnbuckle arrangement move the trowel member out of balance, a single weight is provided, on the end opposite the winch.

Abstract: A handle assembly for attachment to a screed includes a clamp sized to receive either a wooden screed or a metal screed, a power handle extending upwardly from and fixed to the clamp for controlling the attitude of the screed and applying power to pull the screed over freshly poured concrete, and a pivoted handle pivoted relative to the power handle for applying downward pressure and lifting forces to the screed. A single handle assembly can be used with a short screed or multiple handle assemblies can be used with longer screeds. The arrangement permits controlled movement during multiple passes of the screed over freshly poured concrete by a workman in a standing position.

Abstract: Scraping device for removing excess subgrade material from the surface of a subgrade to level the subgrade, which includes a lower wall, side walls, a rear wall and an optional top wall defining a container for collecting removed excess subgrade material, and attachment means so the device may be lifted and transported by a fork lift truck or the bucket of an earth moving vehicle for emptying; advantageously the apparatus is formed in sections which can be disassembled and stacked one within another.

Abstract: A shaft coupling construction for a vibratory screed. The screed includes at least two vibratory shafts which are disposed in end-to-end relation and an end of each shaft is secured within a bore in a sleeve or connecting member. Each shaft is mounted for eccentric motion to impart vibration to the screed. Each adjacent pair of connecting members are secured together by a flexible tubular coupling, and to transmit rotation between the shafts, the connecting members are provided with external splines which mate with internal splines on the tubular coupling. The spline connection is not symmetrical and is arranged so that the connecting members can be engaged with the tubular coupling only in one circumferential position, thereby insuring that the eccentricity of one shaft is circumferentially aligned with the eccentricity of the other shaft.

Abstract: A vibrating portable screed of the type made up of sections having screed blade means at the base and a ridge portion at the top employs a turnbuckle assembly in the ridge portion held together by a removable pin and other removable pin connected means in the base portion thereby enabling the sections to be quickly assembled and disassembled by installing and removing the pins.

Abstract: A screed chair having a base member and at least one threaded vertical member mounted therein supports a screed pipe on a yoke offset from the vertical member such that the yoke and pipe are isolated from rotation during rotation of the vertical member to adjust the height of the screed pipe.