Abstract: A polymeric base sheet has a plurality of protuberances and valleys located on a first side of the base sheet. A layer of bonding material is located on a top surface of the protuberances and is substantially absent from the valleys located between the protuberances. A plurality of skid-preventative particles are secured to the layer of bonding material so as to be substantially absent from the valleys. A sheet of this construction allows the skid-preventative particles to be used in a more efficient manner than heretofore known. By placing the skid-preventative particles exclusively on the protuberances of the base sheet, less particles need to be employed to obtain the skid-preventative surface.

Abstract: A process for marking a pavement comprising melting a dry blended thermoplastic pavement marking composition which contains an elastomer and a substantially non-aromatic hydrocarbon resin and applying the molten composition thus obtained to the pavement, wherein the elastomer is a block copolymer containing at least one poly(conjugated diene) block which may or may not have been hydrogenated and at least two poly(vinylaromatic) blocks, which block copolymer is present in the dry-blended composition in the form of a powder.

Abstract: Thermoplastic based pavement marking sheets are disclosed. The marking sheets employ a conformant composite material including: polyolefin and a nonreinforcing mineral particulate; and/or a thermoplastic upper surface. Preferably, the sheet's thermoplastic upper surface is embedded with reflective elements and/or skid-resistant particles. A solventless process of embedding particles in thermoplastic pavement marking sheets is disclosed. Processes for preparing marking sheets are also disclosed. Conformant pavement marking sheets which may be applied in cooler conditions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a panel with a horizontal or vertical transverse ridged cross-section, that can be interconnected in sucession with other panels of the same type to form a continuous screen which is installed above the central barrier separating the two carriageways of a road, or above the barriers that delimit the sides of a road; this screen, particularly when installed above the central barrier of a road, being designed to be capable of simultaneously acting to screen off full beam headlamps and spray from wet road surfaces from the opposing carriageways of a road, and to act as a reference at night and/or in conditions of poor visibility, due to the high refractive power of its surfaces.

Abstract: A marking kit whose constituents are capable of forming a marking material includes a polymeric matrix-forming material and coated glass beads for incorporation into the matrix. Surface coated glass beads suitable for incorporation into the matrix are also disclosed, as is a process for the surface coating of the glass beads, a reflective surface marking comprising a synthetic polymeric matrix incorporating the coated glass beads; and a process for the reflective marking of a surface. Glass beads are surface coated with a material effective to provide the coated glass beads with a surface tension greater than that of the matrix-forming material and ranging from 30 to 70 mN/m.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved system for quick detection of driver impairment as evidenced by the driver's inability to keep a vehicle on an assigned course, utilizes parallel strips defining a relatively narrow lane through which the driver is to operate the vehicle. The strips and their associated equipment, are readily portable, and are thus adapted to be set up by police officers at any location desired, in a minimum amount of time, thereby permitting spot checks with little or no advance warning to motorists approaching the check point. The strips are hollow, and contain pressure chambers, the volume of which is reduced when a vehicle tire crosses or rides along on top of one of the strips. Reduction of the pressure chamber volume is adapted to carry air pressure through tubes to locations near to or remote from the hollow strips to actuate electrical switches located at predetermined intervals along and out from the traffic lane defined by the hollow strips.

Abstract: A transporter for a length of highway barriers includes a series of barrier transporting units, each having at least one pair of wheels positioned to straddle a length of highway barriers, at least one engaging device configured to engage one of the barriers, and at least one lifting device coupled to the engaging device to lift the engaging device and the engaged barriers. Articulating couplings interconnect axially adjacent transporting units to form a train configured to straddle the length of highway barriers such as the train can be moved over a length of highway barriers to be transported. Two tractors are connected to the train, one at each end of the train in line with the train to move the train. This transporter can be used by driving it over a length of highway barriers, using the engaging and lifting devices to lift the barriers, and then driving the transporter and the engaged barriers to a new location.

Abstract: An improved roadway marker rubber-like strip in which the upper layer is deformed into protruberances such as wedges or ridges, preferably provided with a coating of exposed retro-reflective beads, that have been cross-link-vulcanized to provide the same with memory that permits shape restoration following depression by vehicle traffic, and a cold-flow un-vulcanized bottom layer adhered to the roadway and conforming without memory to the same under vehicle traffic.

Abstract: A pavement marker base is provided having a generally planar bottom support surface with an array of downwardly facing open chambers molded therein. Deformations are formed on the bottom surfaces of at least some of the walls dividing the chambers, and also preferably in the peripheral support surface of the marker base to provide additional downwardly facing surface area to mate with an adhesive material used to adhere the marker base to a roadway surface. These deformations may be characterized by a variety of surface shapes, such as arcs, rectangular notches, and dovetails. In the preferred embodiment, chamber walls include outwardly directed lips to engage the adhesive material. In another embodiment of the invention, a wire mesh covers at least some of the bottom surface of the marker base, and is imbedded within the bottom surface of the chamber walls and peripheral support surface. The mesh engages with the adhesive to provide a strong means of anchorage.

Abstract: A depressible pavement marker is provided and includes a base receptacle, a piston assembly with a reflector and a resilient, compressible, water impervious mass. The base receptacle is mounted in the pavement with a portion of the piston assembly protruding above the pavement so that the reflector can be seen. The piston assembly and base are of a piston-in-cylinder arrangement with the piston assembly depressible into the base. The mass fills substantially the entire cavity formed between the inner surfaces of the piston assembly and the base. In another embodiment a self illuminating marker is provided and includes a solar cell, rechargeable battery, light source and sensor. The solar cell recharges the battery during daylight hours. The sensor energizes and de-energized the light source in response to external indications.

Abstract: A utility cut patch identification tag comprises a plate of durable material having at least two barbed legs extending from it slower surface, and a labeling indicia on its upper surface. The tag is preferably circular with a diameter of from about one to about two inches. The tag is pressed into the surface of fresh paving material which has been introduced into a previously cut out section of pavement.

Abstract: A modular barrier for attachment to a barricade along a road side for substantially blocking vision toward construction zones or other areas of distracting activity. The barrier includes an elongated base plate with attached support posts which include mounting tracks for insertion of opaque panel members between adjacent posts. Panel edges are configured for tongue-in-groove insertion within channel tracks formed at the lateral sides of each support post. The modular construction of this unit enables quick and economical emplacement at construction areas and other sites where vehicle drivers are prone to distraction by off road activities.

Abstract: A night-visible traffic lane marking device for aircraft landing and takeoff strips, roadways and the like. The markers are installed embedded into the lane with their upper surfaces flush with the traffic surface. Reflective, fluorescent or phosphorescent elements are provided encased within a transparent uppermost layer. Each element extends vertically to provide a substantial profile for long distance visibility. The transparent covering extends a substantial distance from the reflective element in the direction of oncoming traffic, to increase long distance visibility. Night visibility of the element may be further enhanced by a self-contained, solar powered, illumination unit installed within the transparent layer.

Abstract: A plurality of uni-directional light reflective lane markers are adapted for securance on a roadway to separate and delineate laterally adjacent traffic lanes from each other. Each lane marker comprises an elongated delineating strip extending longitudinally in a first direction and a plurality of longitudinally spaced light reflectors on the delineating strip for visually displaying the strip when it is viewed in the first direction and for at least substantially rendering the strip invisible when it is viewed in the second direction, opposite to the first direction. Thus, a particular traffic lane is clearly delineated for traffic travelling in the first direction, but is rendered substantially invisible when viewed by traffic travelling in the second, opposite directions. Conversely, the lanes for traffic travelling in the second direction are clearly delineated for oppositely moving traffic.

Abstract: A continuous horizontal road-marking tape is described. The road-marking tape includes Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) or high intensity microlamps, solar cells and retroreflecting elements. The LEDs may be double and focused for better visibility, their light is pulsing at a regular speed or at an emergency fast speed. The road-marking tape balances the solar energy captured by its solar cells with the emitted light employed to signal or warn motorists. Also described is the use of an emergency fast pulsing for signalling an emergency or the presence of ice, and the use of the tape for controlling situations where a single lane of roadway must alternatively pass traffic from two different directions. Activation of the light emitting sources is by sensing light from headlights of oncoming cars or by traffic lights.

Abstract: The polyurethane-resin layer and adhesive layer marking strip composition is conformant to the roadway without tearing, has a high elongation, a high permanent deformation, and a low elastic return due to high molecular weight and high sterical impediment.One example of a high molecular weight and high sterical impediment is a sterically-impeded high-volume aromatic ring which reduces crystallization.

Abstract: A prefabricated continuous multilayer road-marking tape is described, which includes retroreflecting optical components, light emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, storage batteries, and reflectors and transmitters of electromagnetic waves. There are given examples of the use of the reflectors in order to control the speed of a vehicle which travels far from the tape, and examples of the use of EPROMs (erasable programmable read only memory) where messages are recorded, with the purpose of giving information about the conditions of the road, the presence of ice or of traffic jams, and so on, said messages being transmitted by a radio transmitter.

Abstract: A pavement marking sheet material of an improved durability comprises a laminate of a base layer containing unvulcanized synthetic rubber as a main ingredient and a colored layer of unvulcanized synthetic rubber containing a coloring agent and glass microspheres dispersed over the suface of the colored layer. The lower portions of the microspheres are embedded in the base layer and the remaining surfaces of the microspheres and the surface of the laminate are covered integrally with a surface layer of a thin film consisting of a transparent and colorless synthetic resin. The glass microspheres are prevented from coming off by the cooperation between the three layers and wear of the sheet itself is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A composition that is a primer or adhesive for adherence of overcoating functional layers to inorganic oxide-containing substrate, particularly silicon oxide-containing substrates is described. The composition is particularly useful for the adherence of a pavement marking tape to a pavement.

Abstract: A raised retroreflective pavement marker that provides both improved retroreflectivity and longer life has a rigid opaque, synthetic resin body having at its front face septa to which a plastic cube-corner reflector has been bonded to provide a plurality of hermetically sealed cells beneath the reflector. This pavement marker differs from those on the market in that the thickness of its reflector is less than 2 mm, and it has preferably at least 500 cube-corner elements per cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A night-visible traffic lane marking device for aircraft landing and takeoff strips, roadways and the like. The markers are installed embedded into the lane with their upper surfaces flush with the traffic surface. Reflective, fluorescent or phosphorescent elements are provided encased within a transparent uppermost layer. Each element extends vertically to provide a substantial profile for long distance visibility. The transparent covering extends a substantial distance from the reflective element in the direction of oncoming traffic, to increase long distance visibility.

Abstract: For athletic contests between teams of individuals on a field or court it is customary to provide certain markings of the various portions of the field within which the game is conducted. Heretofore it has been common practice to utilize chalk or lime to mark the boundary lines. This method has not been satisfactory because as rain descends the chalk or lime is spread and the field markings are lost. As soon as a contestant runs over the boundary line, as he must in such contests as baseball or football, the marks are obliterated so that it is difficult for the officials judging the game to make proper decisions. I have developed a permanent resilient marker strip which can readily be installed by the use of a trencher to dig a narrow trench into which a resislient base having a plurality of spaced flexible pegs project upwardly to have their tips visible above the surface of the ground. The pegs are closely spaced and are visible over a long distance.

Abstract: A lane barrier system comprises a plurality of pivotally interconnected modules adapted to be transferred on a roadway. Each adjacent pair of modules are pivotally connected together by a hinge connection to permit the modules to elongate or contract to assume a composite varied length different from a nominal length. The controlled elongation or contraction of the lane barrier system is particularly advantageous when the barrier is positioned at various radii on a curved roadway. Each hinge connection is preloaded, such as by a torsion spring, to positively return the pivot axes of the hinge connections to their nominal positions and the lane barrier system to its nominal length when they are loaded onto a transfer machine for subsequent placement on a roadway.

Abstract: A lane barrier system comprises a plurality of pivotally interconnected modules adapted to be transferred on a roadway. Each module has sidewalls that taper upwardly and inwardly to intersect a T-shaped upper portion having undercut surfaces extending laterally outwardly from a central vertical axis of the module and past critical impact points on the module. The sidewalls and undercut surfaces are configured to aid in the precise deflection, guidance and "capturing" of the bumper of a passenger vehicle or light duty truck when the bumper impacts the module to prevent the vehicle from catapulting over the system. A reinforcement assembly is encased within a concrete casting of each module. Each adjacent pair of modules are pivotally connected together to permit them to elongate or contract to assume a composite varied length different than a normal, nominal length when a load is imposed thereon and to automatically return to their nominal length when the load is removed.

Abstract: A traffic barrier is movable to vary the number of lanes available for vehicles and is sufficiently sturdy to withstand collisions from vehicles and direct them back into the flow of traffic rather than permitting hazardous crossovers, which often result in head-on collisions. A plurality of panels are configured to be positioned in a side by side array between two roadway sections so that their lengths are generally parallel to the roadway. The panels are preferably connected by a plurality of hinges arranged for hingedly connecting adjacent barrier panels together. A first barrier is erected by hinging a pair of the panels toward one another on a first side of the roadway and providing a traffic lane over the array on a second side of the roadway. The first barrier may be removed and a second barrier on the second side of the roadway and a traffic lane over the array on the first side of the roadway may be formed by elevating a second pair of the barriers panels.

Abstract: A marker of thick elastomeric sheet material for temporary rested placement on a road surface to indicate a detour lane about a construction site or the like. The marker is of arrow shape. Openings in the marker provide handgrips for convenient handling of the marker during setting out and retrieval of same. A modified arrow is of segmented construction and of variable length and may be placed on a road surface. A further modified marker includes separate head and main body portions which include a coupling arrangement for joining the portions in the field.

Abstract: The invention deals with a road marking tape which has retroreflective elements and protruding anti-skid elements, and which means is provided for preventing damaging of the retroreflective elements by snow plowing means. The preventing means is designed in accordance with the present invention in a special manner as a compressible element which is composed of a compressible material so that in response to impact of the protruding elements of the tape by the snow plowing means the compressible material of the compressible element compresses and the original thickness of the compressible material reduces to a predetermined thickness which is selected so that the protruding element sink into the groove by the depth at least equal to the height of the protruding elements.

Abstract: A self-contained solar-powered illuminated reflector provides improved visibility at a distance as a traffic safety aid. A housing adapted to be secured to a highway or alternatively, to a vertical wall, encloses a reflector for reflecting light in a predetermined direction toward highway traffic, a light source, a battery and a photovoltaic system. The housing includes a window member for transmitting light outward from the light source in the predetermined direction toward highway or pedestrian traffic. An optical lightguide between the light source and the window member focuses the light from the light source so that the visible effectiveness of the light source is optimized. Circuitry is provided for selectively enabling the operation of the light source for minimizing the power requirement to extend the useful life performance of the traffic marker. The illuminated reflector is arranged to provide maintenance free and fail-safe operation over its useful life.

Abstract: A traffic barrier carrier or mover is provided, by means of which traffic barrier sections can be repositioned according to changing needs. The carrier includes a supporting frame having two opposite end plates upon which adjacent ends of two generally aligned barrier sections are supported. The frame carries a hydraulic cylinder which raises and lowers supporting wheels mounted on an axle under the frame. The wheels are moved between an upper position located above the lower extremities of the supporting frame with the barrier sections being supported on a surface, and a lower position below the lower extremities of the supporting frame with the barrier sections being raised above the surface. In the latter position of the wheels, the barrier sections can be towed in end-to-end relationship from one position to another. Steering mechanism can be employed with the wheels of each carrier to steer the barrier sections.

Abstract: Disclosed is apparatus for moving laterally a traffic control barrier having a plurality of pivotally linked sections. The transfer vehicle includes means for picking up the sections on one side and depositing them on the other side as it moves along the roadway. The vehicle has front and rear guide drums around which the sections are moved through the vehicle in an S-shaped path and there are means for varying the space between the axes of the guide drums to compensate for disparity in lengths of the lane dividers around a curved roadway.

Abstract: A stage system and apparatus for construction of flat stages, choral risers, and the like which utilizes a basic structural flat rectangular panel module with an edge of extruded material having a re-entrant groove on the outer surface and upper and lower sockets on each side of each corner of the panel to receive support legs fashioned to be received in the bottom sockets. Railing stanchions are provided to seat in the top sockets. In the vertically spaced and overlapping choral risers, the top sockets serve to locate the overlap and mechanically lock the panels in an overlap position. Inserts received in the re-entrant groove interengage with the re-entrant groove of an adjacent panel to provide lateral and vertical stability to adjacent panels.Special leg brackets are provided to engage the bottom sockets of two to four adjacent module panels to provide vertical support and lateral retention. Leg assemblies can be formed as a folding frame to facilitate shipping and storage.

Abstract: A transferable roadway lane dividers which consist of individual sections hingedly joined together. The lane dividers are picked up from one side of the lane by a transfer device mounted beneath a vehicle or trailer, travelling along the center of the lane, and are slid along the transfer device and one continuously deposited on the roadway at the desired new position on the other side of the lane.

Abstract: A marker rope to be stretched around a danger zone, such as a site of road repairs to warn trespassers off, has a plurality of cords. Each cord has a plug end and a socket end so as to be connected to each other and is provided with a plurality of luminous bodies and a sound producing unit which are sheathed in a watertight manner in a colored transparent protecting tube.

Abstract: Pavement-marking sheet material having protuberances on its upper surface which carry partially exposed microspheres by which the protuberances are made retroreflective and which are separated by recessed areas in which microspheres are fully embedded and not exposed, so as to improve the daytime appearance of the sheet material.

Abstract: A method for forming a traffic regulating line or like sign on a roadway pavement even if the surface pavement is very wet and generally during very unfavorable weather, the method comprising maintaining the surface area on which the sign is to be formed and the means for forming it into a confined environment sheltered from the weather, and includes the sequential steps of washing said area, drying it and locally heating the pavement up to a temperature near to that at which a primer layer composition essentially melts where contacted to said surface, and then applying on said surface an at least predominantly thermoplastic primer layer and a sign forming tape material bonded thereabove. There is also described a machine designed to be driven along said road pavement and including means designed for performing the said sequential steps in said sheltered environment.

Abstract: Removable pavement-marking sheet material incorporates a stretchable porous fibrous web, such as a nonwoven web of randomly distributed fibers, preferably embedded in a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer carried on a backing. The fibrous web comprises closely spaced durable weather-resistant fibers and exhibits good tear strength in any direction. The complete sheet material exhibits a high tensile strength and a low residual force after stretching, i.e., a low force tending to retract the sheet material back to its prestretched dimensions.

Abstract: Longer-lived pavement markings are provided by adhering to the pavement a sheet material about one-fourth millimeter or more thick that comprises a carboxyl-modified acrylonitrile-butadiene polymer and particulate fillers dispersed in the polymer.

Abstract: A compound machine for mechanically forming traffic dividing and regulating lines on a roadway pavement, comprising a motor driven vehicle adapted to travel along a desired direction on said pavement, the machine being implemented by a first apparatus supplied and adapted for forming spaced line segment by applying on said pavement spaced lengths of a multilayer road marking prefabricated tape material, and by a second apparatus supplied and adapted for forming painted marking line lengths aligned with and in the intervals between the spaced road marking tape segments, whereby a discontinuous marking line including alternatively arranged tape segments and painted segments is formed on the roadway pavement.

Abstract: Rapid-drying, one-package, epoxy traffic paint composition comprises (1) an adduct of an epoxy resin and a polymerized fatty acid, (2) a thermoplastic resin and (3) one or more pigments.

Abstract: The disclosed coating method has the ability to satisfy some or all of the very troublesome requirements of highway marking or striping and is therefore useful to mark or stripe paved surfaces. The method involves:(a) supplying to the point of application an amine co-curative which includes an aliphatic amine (e.g. trimethyl hexamethylene diamine) and a cycloaliphatic amine (e.g. cyclohexane-bis[methylamine]);(b) supplying to the point of application a suitable curable liquid vicinal epoxide composition;(c) applying the co-curative and the liquid epoxide to the paved surface (preferably after intimately mixing the co-curative and the liquid epoxide); and(d) permitting the resulting mixture to cure in situ on the paved surface.

Abstract: An improved multi-layer surface marking tape material for use on roadway pavements so as to provide a traffic regulating indicium thereon, and having an anti-skid and wear-resisting upper layer and a lower primer layer for connecting the material to said pavement, the new multi-layer tape material comprising further an intermediate relatively thin, pliable, essentially inextensible and tensionally resistant intermediate layer compatible with and intimately connected to both said layers for distributing and transferring over a large primer layer-roadway pavement interfacial area horizontally directed stresses tangentially applied to said anti-skid upper layer at localized upper layer-vehicle wheel treads interfacial areas.

Abstract: A foldable reflector for roads and highways in which the reflecting member is mounted on a panel held vertically on a supporting base. The panel is abutted on both sides by hinged wire stands which are spring-loaded to bear against the panel so as to keep it in a central and upright position.

Abstract: A reflective sheeting is disclosed having spaced apart cavities extending along one face and light-reflecting beads lining both wall and bottom portions of the cavities to impart a wide angle retroreflective response to incident light and improved brightness or intensity. The sheet is prepared by forming in a deformable carrier sheet a network of relatively depressed cavities having wall and bottom portions and spaced apart by intervening ridges, and then coating the wall and bottom portions of the cavities and the ridges with light-reflecting beads. After filling the cavities and covering the ridges with a solidified layer of a resinous organic matrix having a greater adherence to the beads than the carrier sheet has, the sheet is stripped away. This transfers the beads to the organic matrix and locates them in similarly shaped cavities and ridges molded in the matrix by the carrier sheet.

Abstract: An improved permanent athletic boundary marking device which is characterized by a novel construction which includes an elongated base strip of flexible material provided with a plurality of spaced, integrally-formed and vertically extending projections. The base strip is adapted to be buried underground such that only the relatively closely spaced tips of the projections are visible to indicate the particular boundary marker used on athletic fields.

Abstract: An aggregate product comprising an aggregate, such as alumina of a size from about 1/2 inch to about 60 mesh, is bonded in a substantially continuous layer by means of conventional adhesives to a strip of fine mesh, such as nylon mesh. A viscous adhesive, such as a two-component epoxy resin, applied to the surface to be covered, bonds the aggregate-containing mesh to such surface.The method of this invention comprises coating a surface with a viscous adhesive, placing over such surface the aggregate-containing mesh, initiating pressure so as to cause settling of the aggregate-containing mesh into the viscous adhesive, and allowing the adhesive to bond the aggregate-containing mesh to the surface. Preferably, the adhesive is sprayed or rolled onto the surface and the aggregate-containing mesh is rolled out over the wet adhesive using a tape or string attached to the roll to propel it from a rolled-up position.

Abstract: This invention relates to the designation of aisles by providing a visual device for separating horizontal, vertical, or inclined spaces. In warehouse set-out areas merchandise or traffic patterns can more nearly be controlled by the use of this invention in designating these set-out spaces. In factories, safety aisles for pedestrian or vehicular traffic may, also, be more readily controlled by the use of the aisle designators described in these specifications. Also, on highways or where automobiles, trucks, and buses must travel the use of this invention can more safely guide the paths of travel by designating the aisles of movement.

Abstract: A pavement marker including a body having a base for engagement with the surface of a roadway, and a reflector assembly mounted on the body for reflecting light from vehicles on the roadway when the fore-and-aft axis of the body is disposed in parallel relationship with the direction of vehicular travel on the roadway. The reflector assembly includes a pair of plate-like members of light transmitting material. The plate-like members each has an outer surface and an inner surface. The plate-like members are secured together at their peripheries with the inner surfaces thereof disposed in opposed relationship. Retrodirective reflector elements are formed on one inner surface, and the apices of the reflector elements are spaced from the other inner surface. A plurality of support members extend between the inner surfaces to maintain the apices of the reflector elements out of contact with the other inner surface and to provide impact strength to the assembly.

Abstract: A barrier for placement intermediate two adjacent highway lanes. Apparatus for transferring the barrier from a location intermediate two lanes to a location intermediate two other lanes so as to accommodate differing traffic flow patterns for different times of day and different traffic conditions.

Abstract: A retroreflective device is disclosed comprising a convex-concavo lens having a cube-corner array extending across its concavity. The device returns in the same direction from which it is received a large proportion of incident light. The lens body is adapted with respect to reflected light to indicate a larger than actual area of the cube-corner array. The retroreflective device may be used as a marker, such as a roadmarker, the convex side of the lens body being exposed to receive the incident light.

Abstract: An improved multi-layer surface marking tape material for use on roadway pavements so as to provide a traffic regulating indicium thereon, and having an anti-skid and wear-resisting upper layer and a lower primer layer for connecting the material to said pavement, the new multi-layer tape material comprising further an intermediate relatively thin, pliable, essentially inextensible and tensionally resistant intermediate layer compatible with and intimately connected to both said layers for distributing and transferring over a large primer layer-roadway pavement interfacial area horizontally directed stresses tangentially applied to said anti-skid upper layer at localized upper layer-vehicle wheel treads interfacial areas. .Iadd.