Abstract: A support for installing facing materials such as ceramic tiles on a substrate such as floors, walls and ceilings wherein the support plate has a plurality of spaced apart recesses in the plate material, with the recesses being open at the top surface and have solid sidewalls and a base, and a plurality of slots in the non-recessed portions of the plate material extending through the top surface and bottom surface, the slots joining one or more adjacent recesses. The support plate of the invention is used for tile installations between the substrate and such tile. Thin-set mortar that is used to secure the tile to the support plate flows into the recesses and into the slots forming a continuous bond between the mortar and the adjacent slots providing for a strong bond between the support plate, mortar and the tiles.

Abstract: A prefabricated superimposed recycled lump concrete slab includes a fresh concrete, demolished concrete lumps, and a reinforcement fabric at a lower part of the slab. The demolished concrete lumps can protrude from the fresh concrete, but a protruding height is no more than 25 mm, and the protruding height is controlled by assembling molds. The assembling molds comprise casting molds and a height-controlling cover plate, reinforcement-locating slots are reserved on side molds of the casting molds, and a vertical position of the height-controlling is determined by using screws, position-controlling nuts and gaskets of different thicknesses, which are located at four corners of the casting molds. A construction method of the prefabricated superimposed recycled lump concrete slab is also provided.

Abstract: A wear surface that is easily modified and fitted for installation to a wearable surface includes alternating longitudinal wear members and retaining members. The wear members consist of a hard material such as white iron with good wear resistance. The retaining members are of a ductile material that is readily welded and overlap the wear members on each side over at least a portion of their length. The retaining members can be welded to the equipment to be protected and retain the wear members which are not readily welded.

Abstract: A detectable warning tile system has a tile base with an upper surface and a lower surface. The upper surface has a plurality of upward projections therefrom. The tile base has two side edges for alignment with corresponding side edges of other tiles, and front and rear edges. An area of the upper surface of the tile base is formed free of the detectable warnings and may include a trough into or over which a replaceable tile section may be placed. The tile base and/or replaceable tile section may be configured to receive one or more individually-installable detectable warnings.

Abstract: A composite structural element is provided herein, which comprises a basal member having voids of a predefined shape that are open to a surface thereof; and filling elements designed to fit into the voids. The predefined shape of the voids and/or an interface between the filling elements and the voids are arranged to maintain the filling elements within the voids.

Abstract: A pavement slab including top and bottom surfaces, first and second longitudinal side surfaces, and first and second transverse side surfaces. The slab includes a first and second plurality of transverse holes formed within the first and second longitudinal side surfaces, respectively, a first and second plurality of longitudinal holes formed within the first and second plurality of transverse holes, respectively, and plurality of dowel bars. Each of the holes is sized and shaped to receive slidably a corresponding one of the plurality of dowel bars. Each of the dowel bars is slidable between a retracted position and an extend position in which the dowel bar forms a joint between the slab and another slab or preexisting pavement.

Abstract: A portable porous pavement system includes a plurality of porous pavement units and a plurality of clamping devices. Each porous pavement unit is connected to adjacent porous pavement units by at least one clamping device. Each clamping device includes a first and a second bracket. The second bracket is in intimate communication with a slot arrangement of the first bracket. The second bracket has a twisted arrangement to secure the second bracket and the first bracket together. Adjacent walls of adjacent porous pavement units are sandwiched between the first and second brackets to secure the adjacent porous pavement units together. A method for assembling a portable porous pavement system includes mounting a clamp over two adjacent walls of adjacent porous pavement units; mounting a locking bracket over the clamp; and twisting two arms together to secure the locking bracket and clamp around the adjacent porous pavement units.

Abstract: A one-piece safety cleat with a flat base having an upstanding rim surrounding it to form an open shallow cup-structure. The rim has at least one drainage opening. Multiple one-piece safety cleats can be attached to flooring to increase traction on the floor surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laminate, preferably a flooring laminate suitable for use wherever traction is needed or desired, whether due to natural or man-made conditions either indoors or outdoors. The laminate can be applied over existing flooring. The laminate includes a base layer and a traction layer including a grit material dispersed on a polymer. The base layer comprises a cured rubber blend which has been granulated to a predetermined size and subsequently rebonded with a polymeric base adhesive composition. At least some portion of the grit material of the traction layer protrudes from the polymeric composition to provide anti-slip properties.

Abstract: A tactile warning surface structure having underfoot detectability is formed in place by a method wherein the shank portions of a plurality pins are inserted into and bonded to a plurality of holes formed in an upper surface of a concrete slab of a walkway. The holes are located within a defined area of the upper surface of the concrete slab and are spaced from each other in a predetermined pattern so that, when the shank portions of the pins are inserted into and bonded to the holes in the concrete slab with the upper end head portions of the pins projecting upward beyond the upper surface of the concrete slab at least a minimum distance, the pins in the defined area of the upper surface of the concrete slab form a tactile warning surface having underfoot detectability.

Abstract: The invention relates mainly to a concrete pavement tile, which produces a clearly recognizable sound when touched with a blind person's cane or a white stick. In practice it appears useful to incorporate sound sources in guide paths for the blind. The invention has solved this problem by providing a pavement tile (1) with an upper plate (3) of metal, which is supported by the tile at its circumference. The plate can be provided with regularly distributed outwardly projecting tears, bumps or ledges (6). Below the plate there is a sound space (2) which can be formed by pressing the plate, upwardly convex, whereas a hollow executed tile gives the same effect.

Abstract: On a roadbed layer (4) is formed a cushion layer (5) of 50 mm to 200 mm in thickness which is formed by using elastic chips alone or in mixture with sand, each elastic chip being formed of elastic material and having a size of 7 mm to 0.05 mm, preferably 2 mm to 0.5 mm and a specific gravity of 1.8 to 3.5. The cushion layer (5) contains elastic chips of 3 wt % or more. The elastic chips are formed by mixing a material selected from the group consisting of synthetic rubber, natural rubber and synthetic resin with a specific gravity adjusting material of inorganic powder having a specific gravity of 3 or more.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light structural steel plate in the form of a hump plate and to a process for its production. The light structural steel plate comprises a mould-pressed steel hump plate (1) and a flat aluminium plate (3) connected thereto substance-to-substance at a the hump end faces. The substance-to-substance connection is produced by the feature that after the surfaces to be interconnected at the hump end faces have been activated by means of a laser beam (5), said surfaces are metallically connected under pressure. The decisive factor is that the material of the plates (1, 2) does not pass into the molten phase during activation by means of the laser beam (5).

Abstract: A cushioning pad or mat for protecting a rig surface or alternatively, an article placed on the pad wherein the mat is made of elements which are laminated construction with a base layer of neoprene, or similar materials, and the elements are connected with channels and the top of the elements are connected to the base of the elements using between 2 and 32 rib members, which can be rivets and a method of making such a cushioning pad.

Abstract: A portable ramp for providing a bridge between a ground level surface and a raised surface. The ramp includes a support plate having a substantially horizontal first portion adapted to rest along an edge of the raised surface. A second portion of the plate extends vertically downward from the first portion and a third portion extends generally outwardly from the second portion in a direction generally toward the ground level surface. The third portion of the plate member supports one end of an angled beam which extends at a generally predetermined angle from the plate to the ground level surface. The opposite end of the beam is supported with respect to the ground level surface by a resilient foot member which provides stability. A traction plate having upwardly projecting portions is attached to a top surface of the beam intermediate the support plate and foot member in order to increase friction and provide traction along the inclined beam.

Abstract: An improved surface covering includes a base having a plurality of receiving grooves on one side and a plurality of working grooves on the other side. Each receiving groove includes gripping projections and is constructed to receive and grip a filler material. To assemble the surface material, the base material is flexed so that the size of the receiving grooves is enlarged thereby making insertion of the filler material easy.

Abstract: A non-slip composition for application to a ground surface where lighting conditions may be poor including a polymer epoxy having two parts of diglycidyl ether resin and one part aliphatic amine adduct modified with 30% AEP as a stabilizer. A phosphorescent pigment including zinc, sulfide, and copper may be mixed with the epoxy to provide luminescent characteristics thereto. During application, a clear aluminum oxide aggregate is spread across a layer of the applied epoxy prior to curing, thereby enhancing the light emitting properties of the phosphorescent pigment as well as providing non-slip characteristics to the exposed surface of the applied layer of epoxy.

Abstract: An article having a slip-resistant surface and method of producing the same includes metallurgically bonding raised bead-like configurations of a compatible material at select locations on the article surface. The method includes injecting, substantially simultaneously with projecting a high power radiant energy beam, powder particles into a portion of the beam lying a distance away from the point of impingement on the surface portion of the article. The particles interact with the beam for a time period sufficient to cause at least partial melting of a substantial number of particles which are then transported to a selected point on the surface portion. The partially melted particles, along with completely and/or any substantially unmelted particles, are allowed to bond with the surface material thereby forming a raised configuration thereon. The process is repeated for forming another raised configuration at another selected location on the surface portion for thereby forming a slip-resistant article.

Abstract: Thermoplastic based pavement marking sheets are disclosed. The marking sheets employ a conformant composite material including: polyolefin and a nonreinforcing mineral particulate; and/or a thermoplastic upper surface. Preferably, the sheet's thermoplastic upper surface is embedded with reflective elements and/or skid-resistant particles. A solventless process of embedding particles in thermoplastic pavement marking sheets is disclosed. Processes for preparing marking sheets are also disclosed. Conformant pavement marking sheets which may be applied in cooler conditions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Wear resistant floor coverings have a plurality of stud-like inserts which are flush with the underside of the floor covering to prevent against wear and slippage.

Abstract: A floor topping, mortar and grout which include ferrosilicon in particle form. The ferrosilicon increases the wear resistance and impact strength of the topping, mortar or grout without the oxidation or discoloration normally attributable to materials which include iron borings. In addition, the ferrosilicon increases the light reflectivity of the topping material.A method of hardening and rendering wear resistant a concrete structure such as a floor comprising the placement of a mixture of Portland cement and particles of ferrosilicon material at the surface of the structure and thereafter troweling the mixture to a smooth surface.

Abstract: An abrasion resistant coating comprising a binder having dispersed therein first abrasion-resistant particles of substantially uniform size and second abrasion-resistant particles of substantially uniform size, the second particles having diameters of less than 15.4% of the first particles, the combined volume of the second particles and binder being at least about equal to the void volume of the first particles, the volume of the binder being at least equal to the combined void volumes of the first and second particles when they are interdispersed with one another.

Abstract: A monorail system having a rail surface that is provided for small vehicles traversing an incline or slippery areas, with the surface having a plurality of spaced recesses positioned in those areas to form gripping edges for the drive wheels of the vehicles. The recesses may be of a variety of shapes and positioned in different ways to provide the proper grip. The recesses may be mechanically punched into a separate elongated flat bed riveted in appropriate locations to the rail. The punching may be done in such a way so as to form raised ramp-like edges adjacent the recesses to help with the gripping action. The ramp faces face downwardly in inclined areas. The drive wheels of cooperating vehicles may have elastic treads to help with the gripping action.

Abstract: A wear-resistant element, particularly in the form of a slab intended to be used as covering in areas exposed to excessive wear. The slab includes a hard wear metal of a hardness exceeding 400 Brinell, said wear-metal being in the form of granules which are embedded into a bonding agent consisting of synthetic resin, ceramic materials, rubber, or a combination of these materials. Preferably, the granules are arranged to agglomerate adjacent the wear face of the slab, whereas the concentration of wear metal towards the bottom of the slab is essentially nil. The resulting slab thus uses less amounts of the expensive wear-resistant material, and at the same time it is lighter than prior-art slabs and easier to manufacture.