Abstract: A semiconductor diode includes an engineered substrate including a substantially single crystal layer, a buffer layer coupled to the substantially single crystal layer, and a semi-insulating layer coupled to the buffer layer. The semiconductor diode also includes a first N-type gallium nitride layer coupled to the semi-insulating layer and a second N-type gallium nitride layer coupled to the first N-type gallium nitride layer. The first N-type gallium nitride layer has a first doping concentration and the second N-type gallium nitride layer has a second doping concentration less than the first doping concentration. The semiconductor diode further includes a P-type gallium nitride layer coupled to the second N-type gallium nitride layer, an anode contact coupled to the P-type gallium nitride layer, and a cathode contact coupled to a portion of the first N-type gallium nitride layer.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating that covers the substrate, the coating includes an ?-Al2O3 layer, and the ?-Al2O3 layer has an orientation index TC(0 0 12) of a (0 0 12) plane not smaller than 4 and not larger than 8.5, an orientation index TC(2 0 14) of a (2 0 14) plane not smaller than 0.5 and not larger than 3, and a total of the orientation index TC(0 0 12) and the orientation index TC(2 0 14) not larger than 9.

Abstract: Broadly contemplated herein, in accordance with at least one embodiment, is a multi-flute end mill configuration that maintains circumferential spacing between the rake surface and clearance surface adjoining two adjacent end face cutting edges, respectively, regardless of the number of flutes and the desired end face configuration.

Abstract: A dental drill bit is combined with a surgical template provided with a guide hole adapted to guide the dental drill bit directly or via a guide sleeve provided in the guide hole. The dental drill bit has a first end, a second end, a spherical drill head arranged at the first end, and at least one helical flute extending from the spherical drill head towards the second end. The portion of the dental drill bit having the at least one helical flute is substantially cylindrical. A use of such a dental drill bit and a method of drilling a hole in an oblique bone surface of a jaw bone of a patient are also provided.

Abstract: A rock drill button having a body of sintered cemented carbide that has hard constituents of tungsten carbide (WC) in a binder phase of Co, wherein the cemented carbide has 4-12 mass % Co and balance WC and unavoidable impurities. The cemented carbide also has Cr in such an amount that the Cr/Co ratio is within the range of 0.043-0.19, and that the WC grain size mean value is above 1.75 ?m.

Abstract: There is described neutron shielding for a nuclear fusion reactor. The neutron shielding includes a cemented carbide or boride comprising a binder and an aggregate, the aggregate comprising particles of a carbide or boride compound.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of turf (11) comprising grass (12) growing in a matrix (15, 16) comprising removing matrix (15, 16) including any thatch and other infestation by blading (18) moving through the matrix (15, 16) to a predetermined depth (d). The method may be used to treat turf (11) reinforced with artificial grass (13). Equipment for carrying out the treatment comprises a bladed rotor (17) rotating about a horizontal axis.

Abstract: A cutter bit adapted to be fixed onto a working surface of a rotating drum of a milling, planing, mining or reclaiming machine is provided. The body of the cutter bit is generally formed of a hardened steel, the cutting surface may be a diamond composition fixed in a step in the upper end of the cutter bit. The cutter bit includes a cutting surface, and the cutting surface may include non-parallel side edges and an upper cutting edge parallel to a lower edge. The lower edge may be any length sufficient to inhibit unintended angular displacement of the cutting surface during operation of the working surface. Alternatively or in addition, the cutting surface may be defined by three edges to allow the cutting surface to be removed and repositioned in at least a second orientation.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a cutting insert includes a body member and a cutting member. The body member is a columnar body, and includes: an upper surface; a lower surface; and an outer side surface between the upper surface and the lower surface. The cutting member is located at a corner part of the outer side surface in the body member. The cutting member includes: at least three surfaces being exposed; and a cutting edge at an intersecting portion of two of the at least three surfaces. The body member includes a through hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool including a polycrystalline diamond material of the invention includes: a tool body rotated about an axis with a carbide substrate made of cemented carbide and a flute provided at a tip portion thereof; a PCD layer sintered integrally with the carbide substrate, provided on an inside face of the flute facing in a rotation direction; and a cutting edge provided on the PCD layer to have the inside face as a rake face, in which a margin portion continuous with a rear side of the flute in the rotation direction is formed on an outer periphery of the tip portion, the cutting edge is formed at a ridge portion of the rake face, and a thickness of the PCD layer is ? to 1 times a width of the margin portion.

Abstract: A machining tool, in the area of a tool tip, includes an integrated cooling structure for transporting a coolant. The cooling structure is optionally or in combination designed as a porous structure or at least one cooling channel having a bent reversing segment, so that two channel segments are oriented in opposite directions. The cooling structure is integrated into a base body of a carrier tool. According to a method of the invention, the cooling structure is manufactured by means of a 3D printing method.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes a base material and a coating formed on the base material. The coating includes a hard layer. The hard layer includes a plurality of crystal grains having a sodium chloride-type crystal structure. When the angle of intersection between the normal direction to (001) plane that is a crystal plane of the crystal grain and the normal direction to the surface of the base material is measured, a proportion A of the crystal grains having the angle of intersection of 0 degree or more to less than 20 degrees is 50% or more. The length of ?3 grain boundaries is 50% or more of the length of ?3-29 grain boundaries and is 1% or more and 30% or less of the total length of all boundaries that is the sum of the length of ?3-29 grain boundaries and the length of general boundaries.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes a base material and a coating formed on the base material. The coating includes a hard layer. The hard layer includes a plurality of crystal grains having a sodium chloride-type crystal structure. When the angle of intersection between the normal direction to (001) plane that is a crystal plane of the crystal grain and the normal direction to the surface of the base material is measured, a proportion A of the crystal grains having the angle of intersection of 0 degree or more to less than 20 degrees is 50% or more. The length of ?3 grain boundaries is 50% or more of the length of ?3-29 grain boundaries and is 1% or more and 30% or less of the total length of all boundaries that is the sum of the length of ?3-29 grain boundaries and the length of general boundaries.

Abstract: A cutting tool made by an additive manufacturing process is disclosed. The cutting tool has an exterior surface and an enclosed interior cavity defined by one or more inwardly facing surfaces. The interior cavity may have internal supports such as a lattice or a honeycomb structure. The cutting tool may be an insert, drill or endmill with coolant holes.

Abstract: A fabrication method of a supporting unit supporting a substrate is provided. The fabrication method includes providing a supporting plate that is made of a non-conductive material and configured to support the substrate, providing a base plate that is disposed under the supporting plate and made of a material containing a conductive material, and forming a first metal film on a top surface of the base plate and bonding the supporting plate with the base plate through a brazing process.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to non-cylindrical polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”), and methods of fabricating such non-cylindrical PDCs without substantially undercutting a cemented carbide substrate thereof from an overlying polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) table thereof. According to various embodiments, a PDC includes a PCD table including an upper surface and a table non-cylindrical lateral periphery. The PDC includes a cemented carbide substrate bonded to the PCD table. In an embodiment, the cemented carbide substrate includes a substrate non-cylindrical lateral periphery that is not substantially undercut from the table non-cylindrical lateral periphery of the PCD table. In an embodiment, the PDC includes at least one alignment feature positioned on the cemented carbide substrate and/or the PCD table.

Abstract: A radius end mill includes a corner R cutting edge which extends between the end cutting edge and the outer peripheral cutting edge; and a corner gash disposed adjacent to the corner R cutting edge of the rake face, wherein the corner gash in a planar shape has an edge, part of which is located at the center portion of the corner R cutting edge, and an axial rake at an end portion on the side of the end cutting edge which is in contact with the corner gash on the corner R cutting edge is in the range of 5 to 20 degrees.

Abstract: A grinding tool for reducing damage to the tool during a milling operation is provided in an embodiment herein, including a generally cylindrical body having a first and second end, a grinding portion adjacent to the first end and a shank portion adjacent to the second end. An outer surface of the tool includes a diamond coating, two or more flutes formed in the grinding portion, and at least one grinding element formed in the grinding portion between the two or more flutes, wherein the flutes and grinding element are disposed along a longitudinal axis of the tool. The at least one grinding element includes a grinding surface, a leading edge and a trailing edge. A first radius at the leading edge of the grinding element is smaller than a second radius at the trailing edge of the grinding element.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for manufacturing cutting tools that is capable of providing cutting tools that have a cut surface whose surface is uniformly smooth and that have a stable performance.

Abstract: An indexable ball end mill comprising first to third inserts having arcuate cutting edges detachably attached with first to third screws to first to third seats in a semispherical tip end portion of a tool body; a first threaded hole for the first screw slantingly penetrating a slit-shaped first seat; the first insert having an inclined hole to avoid interference between the first screw and the second and third screws; a hole of the first insert and the first screw having at least partially finished surfaces, so that when the first screw penetrates the first insert attached to the first seat, the first insert is precisely positioned by tight engagement of both finished surfaces.

Abstract: A friction stir welding tool (1) of the present invention is used for friction stir welding, and includes: a base material (2); and a coating layer (3) formed on a surface of at least a portion of the base material (2) that is to be caused to contact workpieces during friction stir welding, the coating layer (3) containing cubic WC1-x.

Abstract: Methods of laser cutting polycrystalline diamond tables and polycrystalline diamond compacts are disclosed. Laser cutting of the polycrystalline diamond table provides an alternative to electrical-discharge machining (“EDM”), grinding with a diamond wheel, or lapping with a diamond wheel. Grinding or lapping with a diamond wheel is relatively slow and expensive, as diamond is used to remove a diamond material. EDM cutting of the polycrystalline diamond table is sometimes impractical or even impossible, particularly when the cobalt or other infiltrant or catalyst concentration within the polycrystalline diamond table is very low (e.g., in the case of a leached polycrystalline diamond table). As such, laser cutting provides a valuable alternative machining method that may be employed in various processes such as laser scribing, laser ablation, and laser lapping.

Abstract: In a pilot hole of a workpiece made of a difficult-to-cut cast iron, a cutting tool having a leading end to which a cutting insert is attached is inserted to cut the surface of the wall of the pilot hole. At this time, the cutting tool rotates about an axis (?) and also revolves about another axis (?), so that contouring is performed on the workpiece by the tool. The cutting insert is formed of a sintered body having a CBN content of not less than 85% by volume, and the cutting insert has a thermal conductivity of not less than 100 W/(mK).

Abstract: The face miller is equipped with a plurality of plate-shaped hard material cutting inserts that are distributed over the circumference. The hard material cutting inserts are located on a graduated circle in pockets of a blade carrier and have a main cutting edge, which is adjusted at a cutting edge angle smaller than 90° relative to the working plane of the miller. In order to ensure maximum machining performance at a good service life, the cutting edge angle is selected to range between 10° and 30°, wherein the main cutting edge at the same time has a slightly convex design. The main cutting edge transitions into the secondary cutting edge via a transition radius having a value that ranges between 0.5 and 1.5 mm. The axial rake angle ranges between 20 and 30°. According to an advantageous further development, the radial rake angle ranges between ?6° and ?10°.

Abstract: A holder and a cutting tool with the holder including an insertion hole at a front end part thereof, and a cutting insert that includes a cutting edge part and a shank part. The shank part has substantially a rod shape. A part of the shank part is immovably located in the insertion hole. The front end part of the holder includes a first curved surface part that becomes wider from a front end toward a back side when viewed from a side thereof. The first curved surface part includes: a curved line that extends from an edge of an opening of the insertion hole toward the back side; or a straight line that extends from the edge of the opening of the insertion hole and connects to a curved line that extends continuously from the straight line toward the back side without an angular part.

Abstract: Composite articles, including composite rotary cutting tools and composite rotary cutting tool blanks, and methods of making the articles are disclosed. The composite article includes an elongate portion. The elongate portion includes a first region composed of a first cemented carbide, and a second region autogenously bonded to the first region and composed of a second cemented carbide. At least one of the first cemented carbide and the second cemented carbide is a hybrid cemented carbide that includes a cemented carbide dispersed phase and a cemented carbide continuous phase. At least one of the cemented carbide dispersed phase and the cemented carbide continuous phase includes at least 0.5 percent by weight of cubic carbide based on the weight of the phase including the cubic carbide.

Abstract: A cutting insert has only cutting edge portion thereof made of SiC whisker reinforced ceramics brazed to the shank with active solder. This provides improved cutting performance by increased toughness and high strength of the SiC whisker reinforced ceramics without limitation in shape while reducing manufacturing costs. The cutting insert includes a cutting edge portion made of SiC whisker reinforced ceramics, and a shank to which the cutting edge portion is mounted. The cutting edge portion is brazed to the shank using an active solder, and the whiskers are disorderedly arranged and agglomerated in the cutting edge portion.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a drill bit including a drill bit body having a central axis. A first cutting edge is disposed on the drill bit body at a first radial distance from the central axis as measured within a plane normal to the central axis. And a second cutting edge is disposed on the drill bit body at a second radial distance from the central axis as measured from within the plane. The first radial distance is less than the second radial distance.

Abstract: A cemented carbide insert, including an upper side, an under side, a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper side and the underside, and an inset including a cutting edge. The cutting edge includes a nose edge and two main edges converging toward the nose edge. The inset is formed of a material that is harder than the cemented carbide, and is countersunk in the surrounding cemented carbide and co-ground with the surrounding cemented carbide. The inset is arranged in a front, wedge-shaped head delimited by one chip surface and two clearance surfaces running along the main edges. The inset transforms into an adjacent body part via limiting surfaces situated inside imaginary planes in the extension of the chip surface and the clearance surfaces.

Abstract: A cutting tip including a cutting edge portion made of a high-hardness material to take a thin-plate shape; and a support portion made of a material which is more worn in contact with a workpiece than the cutting edge portion not to exert a machining action on the workpiece even in contact with the workpiece, and securing and supporting the cutting edge portion on a reverse side of a rake face of the cutting edge portion. Thus, the width of flank wear is prevented from increasing and chipping of the cutting edge is prevented, so that the life of the cutting tip can be extended.

Abstract: A method of making a cutting tool insert, including positioning and fixing an abrasive tip in a mold, filling the mold with a powder metal mixture, and infiltrating the powder metal mixture around at least a portion of the tip to define a green body. The method further includes compacting the powder metal to define a pressed green body, sintering the pressed green body to yield a sintered body having a metallic portion and a tip portion, and cooling the sintered body to put the tip portion into compression. The tip portion is non-adhesively mechanically attached to the metallic portion.

Abstract: A multilayer cutting insert includes a first layer made of a first material and a second layer made of a second material. The first material is harder than the second material. The cutting insert has opposing first and second major side surfaces and a peripheral side surface which extends therebetween. The first major side surface is formed in the first layer and includes a non-uniform relief surface. The peripheral side surface is formed in the two layers and includes a non-uniform rake surface. The rake surface and the relief surface intersect at an edge, at least portion of which is a curved major cutting edge. The rake surface is formed in at least the first layer, and the relief surface is formed only in the first layer.

Abstract: A machining tool comprising at least one plate-shaped cutting insert made of impact- and/or wear-resistant cutting material at least in some sections and which is adhesively bonded to a cutter holder directly by means of an adhesive layer in an immovable manner by means of a contact surface arrangement, the cutting insert substantially prism-shaped. A base area of the prism is adhesively bonded to the cutting insert holder substantially over the full area, a jacket surface arrangement of the prism adjacent to the cutting edge for spatially fixing the cutter is drawn to the tool, and a section of the jacket surface arrangement substantially opposite the cutting edge is caught in a fitting groove of the cutting insert holder.

Abstract: A sintered cubic boron nitride tool can perform stable machining without causing any defect for a long lifetime even under a high-load cutting condition and a high-efficiency cutting condition.

Abstract: A cutting tool for performing cutting operations on a workpiece when the cutting tool is rotated about a central axis by a machine tool, the cutting tool includes a generally cylindrical body disposed about the central axis. The generally cylindrical body includes a first end and an opposite second end. The cutting tool further includes a cutting portion and a mounting portion. The cutting portion is disposed at or about the first end of the generally cylindrical body and includes a number of cutting edges structured to engage the workpiece during cutting operations. The mounting portion is disposed at or about the opposite second end of the generally cylindrical body and is structured to be coupled to the machine tool. At least a portion of the generally cylindrical body comprises a molded portion formed via a molding process about the cutting portion in a manner that couples the cutting portion to the generally cylindrical body.

Abstract: The invention provides a tool component comprising a first layer of polycrystalline cBN material which has a rake (working) surface and a flank surface and comprises less than 70 vol % cBN; and a secondary layer across the rake surface or at least partially across the rake surface and comprising a refractory material and optionally a binder phase and optionally cBN, wherein the secondary layer has a higher resistance to crater formation than the first layer of cBN material and has a lower affinity towards iron than cBN.

Abstract: A veined cutting tool for producing holes in various materials is disclosed. The veined cutting tool includes a tungsten carbide body using a sintered abrasive particulate such as diamond (PCD) or Cubic Boron Nitrite (PCBN). The cutting tool shields a portion of the PCD or PCBN edge on the cutting side to reduce the overall length of the exposed PCD or PCBN to prevent the cutting edge from chipping and increase the service life of the cutting tool.

Abstract: There is provided a surface-coated sintered body formed of a sintered body of cubic boron nitride with a sufficiently adhesive surface coating layer thereon. The present surface-coated sintered body includes a sintered body of cubic boron nitride and a surface coating layer formed on a surface thereof, the sintered body of cubic boron nitride including 20-99.5% by volume of cubic boron nitride and a binder, the surface coating layer including an adhesion layer and at least one hard coating layer, the adhesion layer being a metal layer including at least W, and being formed to cover a surface of the sintered body of cubic boron nitride, the hard coating layer being formed to coat the adhesion layer, the adhesion layer being configured of an amorphous state and/or ultrafine particles having an average particle size equal to or smaller than 5 nm.

Abstract: Composite articles, including composite rotary cutting tools and composite rotary cutting tool blanks, and methods of making the articles are disclosed. The composite article includes an elongate portion. The elongate portion includes a first region composed of a first cemented carbide, and a second region autogenously bonded to the first region and composed of a second cemented carbide. At least one of the first cemented carbide and the second cemented carbide is a hybrid cemented carbide that includes a cemented carbide dispersed phase and a cemented carbide continuous phase. At least one of the cemented carbide dispersed phase and the cemented carbide continuous phase includes at least 0.5 percent by weight of cubic carbide based on the weight of the phase including the cubic carbide.

Abstract: A method for producing carbide and diamond cutting tool inserts adapted to compensate for braze-induced warp is provided. In this method, the anticipated warpage of the insert from brazing is considered prior to cutting the insert from a PCD and carbide disk and the cutting path for the insert is adjusted to compensate. The adjusted cutting path creates an insert shape that, after warping as a result of the brazing process, will conform substantially to the originally intended insert or cutting tool shape. Also, a method of providing relief on the bottom surface of a brazeable insert is provided. Further, tools produceable by these methods are disclosed, such as a diamond edged rotary cutting tool with a substantially sinusoidal rake face and cutting edge.

Abstract: A method of making a cutting insert includes: (i) forming a blank having a substrate and superhard material, the substrate having more than 4 pockets, the superhard material disposed within the pockets; (ii) removing cutting tips from the blank by cutting the blank along cutting lines; (iii) providing a cutting insert body having a plurality of cavities for receiving a corresponding number of cutting tips; (iv) inserting a cutting tip into each of the plurality of cavities; and (v) brazing the cutting tips to the cutting insert body. A related cutting insert includes: a cutting insert body having a plurality of cavities formed therein; a plurality of cutting tips, each of the plurality of cutting tips disposed in a respective cavity, the cutting tips having a geometry that provides a mechanical retention or lock when inserted into the cavities of the cutting insert body, the cutting tips further being brazed in the cutting insert body.

Abstract: A coated cutting insert according to the present invention includes a substrate, a base layer formed on the substrate, and an indicating layer formed on a part of the base layer. The base layer exhibits a color different from that of the indicating layer. The indicating layer is formed on the base layer, in at least a part of a surface including a cutting-edge portion and a rake face except for a flank face. When a surface relative roughness Ra of a breaker recess portion or a land portion of the rake face is set to A?m and a surface relative roughness Ra of the flank face is set to B?m, relation of B/A?1 is established.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, a high impact resistant tool comprises a sintered polycrystalline diamond body bonded to a cemented metal carbide substrate at an interface, the body comprising a substantially pointed geometry with an apex, the apex comprising a curved surface that joins a leading side and a trailing side of the body at a first and second transitions respectively, an apex width between the first and second transitions is less than a third of a width of the substrate, and the body also comprises a body thickness from the apex to the interface greater than a third of the width of the substrate.

Abstract: A tool insert blank including first and second major surfaces and a plurality of edge surfaces defining an outer perimeter of the blank. A first layer defines the first major surface and a first portion of the plurality of edge surfaces proximate the first major surface. A second layer harder than the first layer is disposed substantially co-extensive with the second major surface and a second portion of the plurality of edge surfaces proximate the second major surface. At least one of the edge surfaces includes a projecting portion defining a first engagement plane and a recessed portion spaced inwardly of the engagement plane whereby the grinding wheel is engageable with the projecting portion without engaging the recessed portion. The second layer can be formed out of various materials including polycrystalline diamond and cubic boron nitride materials. A method of forming a tool insert blank is also disclosed.

Abstract: A tool for use in an abrasive machining process has a body extending along a central longitudinal axis from a first end to a tip end. An abrasive material is located on the tip end. A central recess is formed in the tip end.

Abstract: There is provided a joined product suitable as a cutting tool that is fit for high-speed cutting, CVD coating process and the like, and does not cause a reduction in joint strength of a joining layer even if a high temperature exceeding a temperature at which a brazing filler forms the liquid phase is reached during cutting. Specifically, the joined product includes a cemented carbide sintered compact serving as a first material to be joined and a cBN sintered compact or a diamond sintered compact serving as a second material to be joined. The first material to be joined and the second material to be joined are joined by a joining material that does not form a liquid phase at a temperature lower than 1000° C. and that is placed between the first material to be joined and the second material to be joined. The joining is performed by resistance heating and pressing at a pressure of 0.1 to 200 MPa.

Abstract: Composite articles, including composite rotary cutting tools and composite rotary cutting tool blanks, and methods of making the articles are disclosed. The composite article includes an elongate portion. The elongate portion includes a first region composed of a first cemented carbide, and a second region autogenously bonded to the first region and composed of a second cemented carbide. At least one of the first cemented carbide and the second cemented carbide is a hybrid cemented carbide that includes a cemented carbide dispersed phase and a cemented carbide continuous phase. At least one of the cemented carbide dispersed phase and the cemented carbide continuous phase includes at least 0.5 percent by weight of cubic carbide based on the weight of the phase including the cubic carbide.

Abstract: A cutting insert includes a cutting insert body having a plurality of openings, a plurality of cutting tips, and a braze joint between each of the cutting tips and the cutting insert body. Each of the cutting tips may be disposed in a respective opening of the insert body. The cutting tips include an intermediate feature and a tip portion. The intermediate feature has a geometry that provides a mechanical bond when inserted into an opening of the cutting insert body.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to articles including a first material and a second material, wherein attachment between said first material and said second material is improved or created by gas-phase deposition and/or reaction to form new and adhesive solid phase(s) between the first material and the second material.

Abstract: A cutting tip is coupled with a rotor, which operates in response to actuation of a motor, in order to cut or process a workpiece. The cutting tip includes a plurality of first cutting recesses formed in upper and lower edges of one face of the cutting tip, which comes in contact with the workpiece; and a plurality of second cutting recesses, alternating with the first cutting recesses in a plan view, the second cutting recesses having a conical shape. The first and second cutting recesses in the cutting tip can minimize the abrasion of the cutting tip when cutting workpiece, enhance cutting power, and increase lifetime.