Abstract: The blower unloading or air volume control device is for use with an air blower assembly having a fan wheel or impeller assembly mounted for rotation about the rear orifice in the air inlet funnel. The device comprises a moveable air deflecting member or cone aligned axially with the blower assembly inlet funnel for varying the entrance dimension to the impeller blades and for sealing the rear inlet funnel orifice. A mounting structure is fixed to the blower assembly for supporting the air deflecting cone. A linear movement mechanism operative on the air deflecting cone is provided to vary the stroke of the air deflecting cone based on pressure differential demands in the system serviced by the blower assembly. The air deflecting cone is movable from a position in the impeller assembly cavity to engage the rear orifice of the inlet funnel to control the air volume throughput and to, thereby, control the operating efficiency of the air blower assembly.

Abstract: The turbine comprises orientable vanes or flaps (10b, 10a) respectively forming the distributor and a movable part of the volute of the turbine. These vanes are disposed in such manner that (a) the intrados (15) of one thereof directs the fluid which travels thereover in a path which is no longer in contact with the other, (b) the extrados (14b) of one of the vanes is travelled over by a fluid current which feeds the other vane and (c) the extrados (14a) of the other of the vanes is travelled over by a fluid current entering directly into the turbine only between its shaft (11a) and its trailing edge (13a). The turbine has application in the supercharging of engines of motor vehicles.

Abstract: In the embodiment depicted, the dynamometer is of an absorption type, for fluid, having fluid entries on both axial ends thereof, and a rotor having blades disposed, in a radial exit flow path, in parallel with the rotor axis. Adjustable, annular, blade shrouds, controlled simultaneously, expose more or less of the blade lengths to the radial exit fluid flow path.

Abstract: A turbine casing, a shroud and a gas outlet cover together define a closed doughnut-shaped space. A nozzle driving ring inserted in the space is slidably clamped by the turbine casing and the gas outlet cover. Nozzle shafts extending from nozzle blades are connected through links to the nozzle driving ring. The nozzle driving ring can be driven from outside the space. The nozzle driving ring for simultaneously varying the angle of the nozzle blades is restrained in the axial direction effectively with a high degree of accuracy.

Abstract: A variable geometry device is provided for synchronous control of flow of fluid at the compressor inlet and outlet of a turbine engine. The turbine engine includes a support housing, a compressor contained within the support housing, a set of variable inlet guide vanes and a compressed air outlet in which a pair of spaced walls define an annular and radially extending diffuser passageway. The inner end of the diffuser passageway is open to the compressor outlet while the outer end of the diffuser passageway is open to the combustion chamber for the turbine engine. A plurality of circumferentially spaced diffuser vanes are mounted to one of the diffuser walls and protrude across the diffuser passageway. An annular recessed channel is formed around the opposite diffuser wall and an annular ring with a hollow cavity is mounted within the channel.

Abstract: An inlet guide vane apparatus for the adjustable insertion and retraction of a guide vane into the inlet passage of a compressor and the adjustable varying of the flow direction of the fluid downstream of the vane body by varying the angle of attack of the vane body includes a longitudinal vane body protruding part way across the inlet passage of the compressor through an aperture in the inlet shroud, and a winglet attached to the end of the vane body extending inboard the compressor inlet shroud. The degree of insertion of the vane body into the passage may be controlled by a pneumatically actuated slidable plunger attached to the vane body and responsive to the compressor discharge pressure. The angle of attack of the vane body may be controlled by a rotatable plunger cylinder having a longitudinally extending groove engaging a pin radially extending from a lateral portion of the body of the plunger.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for initializing and calibrating a microprocessor controlled refrigeration system including a centrifugal compressor having a variable width diffuser section.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas turbocharger with a radial or axial turbine and an at least partially radial flow turbine nozzle ring (8), a movable slide ring (2) makes possible an infinite adjustment of the turbine inlet cross-section. The movement of the slide ring (2), which slides between nozzle ring (8) and rotor blading (1), occurs by means of an axial displacement. The front edge around which the gas flows is shaped to conform with the flow in order to avoid downstream separations. With radial turbines, the inlet flow angle to the turbine rotor blading remains approximately constant over the whole control range. In consequence, the shock loss at the turbine rotor blading substantially disappears. The infinite adjustment of the turbine inlet cross-section results in an improved part load behavior of the supercharged engine because the air quantity supplied to the engine is matched to the combustion conditions and smokeless operation is obtained over the whole rotational speed range.

Abstract: The disclosure illustrates a turbocharger comprising a radially inward flow turbine and a vaned inlet turbine nozzle. A variable inlet area is provided by an annular control ring continuous at its inner diametrical face and having slots extending inward from its radially inner portion of the vanes. The control ring may be attached to a steel stamping which, in turn, is attached to shafts of a pair of actuators for axially displacing the control ring and thus varying flow area through said turbine nozzle. By only partially embracing the inlet canes, the possibility of sticking due to carbon build-up is minimized if not eliminated.

Abstract: A device for adjusting the turbine inlet flow cross-section of an exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein an adjustment element is suspended in two annular linkage levers which are located concentric to the turbine axis. The lever arm (R.sub.1) of the first annular linkage lever nearer to the turbine is longer than that (R.sub.2) of the second annular linkage lever. This produces a trapezoidal four bar linkage located in a plane including the turbine axis. The lengths of the lever arms (R.sub.1, R.sub.2), the distance between them (C) and the distance (D) between the first annular linkage lever and the point to be sealed of the adjustment element are so matched that a minimum deviation of the path of the adjustment element from translatory straight line movement of the latter is attained. The annular linkage levers and the adjustment element are preferably located in the pressure space of a pressure casing (5).

Abstract: A turbocharger for an internal combustion engine wherein a turbine wheel 18 in chamber 47 is driven by the engine's exhaust gases supplied to inlet volute 44 introducing the gases to the chamber through radially extending annular inlet passage 45 containing stationary vanes 60. The inlet passage 45 containing stationary vanes 60. The inlet area of passage 45 is selectively variable by moving axially a regulating ring part 61 (slotted at 70 to receive the vanes) relative to wall 46 of the passage. The ring part 61 is part of a thin walled regulating element 62 additionally comprising concentric tubular flanges 64,67. Flange 67 is in sliding contact with a stationary sealing ring 71 which prevents exhaust gases which may have entered region 122 behind the ring part 61 from passing under that ring part to the chamber 47.

Abstract: A centrifugal machine having a variable diffuser that includes a radially disposed fixed wall and an opposed movable wall defining the diffuser passage. Guideways are formed in the movable wall in which a series of diffuser vanes are slidably mounted. A spring biased retainer loosely holds each of the vanes in an associated guideway and urges the vanes into seating contact with the fixed wall so that each vane can adjust its position in assembly to accommodate for changes in diffuser alignment due to thermal growth or the like.

Abstract: A turbocharger for a diesel engine 34, wherein combustion air is supplied under pressure to the engine's intake manifold 32 from a centrifugal compressor 20 rotated by a turbine wheel 18 driven by exhaust gas from the engine supplied to inlet volute 44. Exhaust gas from the volute impinges on the turbine wheel after passing between stationary vanes 60 in an annular inlet passage between thin wall 52 and wall 46 of turbine housing 40. In this passage is a thin wall annular flange 64 slotted to fit over the vanes. The flange is part of a thin wall ring 62 stamped from stainless steel movable across the passage to control the inlet area thereof. The ring 62 is movable by actuators 80 (only one shown) having rods 74 connected to the ring. Springs 116 act on the rods 74 to urge the flange 64 towards the wall 46 thus reducing the area of the inlet passage so exhaust gas rushes through the reduced inlet and speeds the turbine and compressor providing at manifold 32 an increased air pressure.

Abstract: A centrifugal vapor compressor having a two-position, pressure controlled diffuser throttle ring is disclosed. The throttle ring is positively maintained in a minimum or a maximum throttling position by supplying either a relatively low pressure or a relatively high pressure, respectively, to a cavity behind the throttle ring. The throttle ring may be one of any of a variety or types of throttle rings including a new, improved throttle ring having a back portion with a sealing means which facilitates sliding movements of the throttle ring and which prevents vapor flow between the cavity behind the throttle ring and the diffuser passageway.

Abstract: Temperature regulation of an air cycle refrigeration system is achieved by selectively adjusting the turbine stator geometry in response to the temperature of turbine airflow at a desired location. Such adjustment in stator geometry includes the selective positioning of a portion of the stator adjacent the turbine blades thereby controlling the amount of cooling produced by the turbine or the selective opening and closing of bypass ports provided in the turbine stator to control the flow of air through the turbine. Both of these adjustments in stator geometry are effected by an actuator comprising at least two members of differing coefficients of thermal expansion such as a bimetallic element.

Abstract: A centrifugal vapor compressor and a method of assembling the same. The compressor comprises a housing defining an inlet passage and a diffuser passage, and an impeller blade rotatably mounted in the housing between the inlet and diffuser thereof. The compressor further comprises an annular recess defined by the housing and in communication with the diffuser passage, and an annular diffuser valve supported by the housing for axial movement within the annular recess and the diffuser passage between minimum and maximum throttling positions. A stop member is located adjacent to the housing and includes an end section axially located forward of the annular recess to limit forward axial movement of the diffuser valve. A fastening member is radially located external of the annular recess and disengagably secures the stop member to the housing.

Abstract: Temperature regulation of an air cycle refrigeration system is achieved by selectively adjusting the turbine stator geometry in response to the temperature of turbine airflow at a desired location. Such adjustment in stator geometry includes the selective positioning of a portion of the stator adjacent the turbine blades thereby controlling the amount of cooling produced by the turbine or the selective opening and closing of bypass ports provided in the turbine stator to control the flow of air through the turbine. Both of these adjustments in stator geometry are effected by an actuator comprising at least two members of differing coefficients of thermal expansion such as a bimetallic element.

Abstract: A turbine exhaust hood has a flow passage (2) which accommodates a guide member (6) and a deflector (8). The deflector (8) is made from a resilient material and has, when in initial position, a form of a ring with a radial slit, with the axis of said ring being substantially aligned with the turbine axis (7). The deflector (8) is mounted for free movement along the turbine axis (7), which movement is enabled by a mechanism (10) connected with the deflector (8) so that with turbine operating at reduced loads, the deflector (8) forms, together with the guide (6) and the wall of the casing (1), a volute-shaped channel (11). The outlet section (11a) of the channel (11) is disposed at the place of the slit (9) of the ring (8).

Abstract: The efficiency of a centrifugal compressor is optomized over a wide range of flow rates by providing a diffuser which is a combination of fixed vanes and a movable wall member and which throttles the diffuser passage in accordance with compressor load.

Abstract: An apparatus for improving the efficiency of a turbo-supercharger at low load levels is disclosed. The apparatus includes an annular gas inlet housing which encircles the turbine of the turbo-supercharger and which housing includes an inlet for gases flowing toward the turbine. Arranged within the housing is a diaphragm, an outer periphery of which diaphragm is connected to the housing. Connected to the inner periphery of the diaphragm is a guide vane ring. Biasing springs, arranged within the housing, urge the diaphragm, and thus the guide vane ring connected to the diaphragm, toward the inlet.

Abstract: A turbosupercharging system for internal combustion engines, both otto cycle and diesel cycle, simultaneously varies the geometry of both the compressor discharge diffuser housing and the turbine inlet nozzle housing in a fixed relationship. The geometry variation is preferably accomplished by a single actuator which is positioned for optimum turbomachine geometry by a control responsive to selected engine parameters such as engine output torque demand and/or internal combustion engine volume flow. The variable geometry turbosupercharger effectively changes the size of the machine for varying engine operating conditions resulting in increased efficiency over the entire engine operating range.

Abstract: A diffuser control for controlling vapor flow through a diffuser passage comprising an annular recess defined by a housing of the diffuser passage and in communication therewith, and an annular control ring supported for movement within the recess and the diffuser passage between a throttling position, wherein the restriction means throttles vapor flow through the diffuser passage, and an open position for permitting a substantially free flow of vapor through the diffuser passage. The diffuser control further comprises a plurality of springs supported by the housing for urging the control ring toward the throttling position, a stop for limiting movement of the control ring at the throttling position, a low pressure conduit for connecting the annular recess to a low pressure source, and a seal for retarding vapor flow from a higher pressure side of the control ring to a lower pressure side thereof when the control ring is in the open position.

Abstract: A diffuser control for controlling vapor flow through a diffuser passage comprising an annular recess defined by a housing of the passage and in communication therewith, a diffuser control ring supported for movement within the annular recess and the diffuser passage between a full throttling position, wherein the restriction means throttles vapor flow through the diffuser passage, and an open position for permitting a substantially free flow of vapor through the diffuser passage. The control further comprises a first set of springs for urging the control ring toward the full throttling position, and a second set of springs for urging the control ring toward an intermediate throttling position located between the open and full throttling positions. The diffuser control also comprises a low pressure conduit for connecting the annular recess to a low pressure source, and a intermediate pressure conduit for connecting the annular recess to an intermediate pressure source.

Abstract: A centrifugal pump includes a housing containing an impeller mounted on a shaft which is journaled for rotation within the housing. An inlet to the housing directs fluid from a supply to one end of the impeller and axially spaced first and second volute diffusers formed around the other end of the impeller receive fluid from the impeller. The volute diffusers are of different predetermined sizes designed to handle different flowrates of fluid while producing about the same pressure head. A sleeve telescoped into the housing and surrounding the impeller may be moved between extended and retracted positions to close off and open the flow of fluid into the larger one of the volute diffusers.

Abstract: In a hydraulic pump and turbine system, the angular setting of the spray cone blades of the pump can be adjusted without any detrimental vibratory action during actual operation of the pump, this being obtained by closing, during said adjustment and without stopping the movement of the pump rotor, a valve, preferably a sleeve valve, inserted in the pump delivery channel between the pump rotor and the spray cone.

Abstract: A choke valve (safety valve) is provided in association with a submergible pump employed in oil wells or the like to prevent the flow of well fluid toward the well head when the pump is not operating. Differential pressure across the pump is employed to open the valve, and the valve closes automatically when the pump is de-energized. Bottom-hole pressure merely closes the valve more tightly. A reciprocating tapered valve member controls the opening and closing of a longitudinal passage through a tubular valve housing, the differential pump pressure being applied across an annular piston reciprocating in an annular chamber surrounding the longitudinal passage and connected to the valve member by a plurality of longitudinal piston rods, springs surrounding the piston rods biasing the valve member to a closed position. The storm choke can be operated by fluid pressure applied from the earth's surface in order to permit "killing the well" or flushing sand from the choke.

Abstract: A hydraulic machine combining a pump and a turbine has pump and turbine runners keyed on a common shaft and designed for the same direction of rotation. The pump is connected to a head by at least two partial volutes, and the turbine by at least two partial volutes wound in opposite direction to those of the pump. Sleeve valves between the runners and their partial volutes enable draining of the pump during turbine operation, and vice versa.

Abstract: A turbocharger comprising a compressor casing with a compressor impeller accommodated therein; a turbine casing with a turbine wheel accommodated therein and mounted on a shaft which also mounts said compressor impeller; and an intermediate casing which couples the compressor casing to the turbine casing. Provided in the turbine casing are two adjacent passages each of which serves the purpose of carrying exhaust gases to one half of the turbine wheel. The passages are isolated from each other at the inlet to the turbine wheel by means of two partitions. A disk to protect the intermediate casing against the effects of exhaust gas heat is mounted coaxially with the shaft between the intermediate casing and the turbine casing. The disk is held against the partitions by springs located in the intermediate casing and is adapted to be moved axially along the shaft by the agency of the difference between the pressures exerted by the exhaust gases and the springs.

Abstract: A suction of fluid control valve for a submerged type pump for storage containers containing cryogenic fluids. The valve is normally open and includes a fluid control valve member having ports for communicating with the liquid stored in the storage container. A gas source is provided for producing relative movement between the valve members for sealing off the fluid ports and exposing the ports to thereby control the flow of the stored liquid into the pump housing.

Abstract: A gas turbine with a centrifugal compressor as generator for compressed air and with a withdrawal of compressed air for outside use, according to which within the region of the withdrawal area at the compressed air passage there is provided an adjustable flow divider which during the withdrawal of compressed air divides the oncoming quantity of air into a withdrawal quantity and a gas turbine quantity.