Abstract: An improved partial arc admission system for a high pressure steam turbine, the system having a plurality of nozzle blade groups the blade aspect ratio of blades in each group vary according to the maximum pressure drop across each nozzle blade group.

Abstract: A governor device for controlling the speed of rotary devices is disclosed. The governor device is a valve operated by centrifugal force to control a pressurized fluid through the nozzles of a turbine rotor. The valve comprises a rotary chamber having an opening outwardly of a resilient valve member therein, the resilient valve member being movable by centrifugal force to control flow through said annular chamber, said annular chamber being part of the passageway of the pressurized fluid flow through said turbine rotor nozzles.

Abstract: An air operated pump and motor unit with a rotor head assembly, an impeller head assembly, and a spacer tube unit disposed between these assemblies. The impeller head includes a pumping chamber and a liquid impeller assembly, and the rotor head includes a rotor housing, a cover assembly, and a rotor element. The rotor has a hub carrying a drive shaft and the rotor includes a plurality of radially extending blades and a spider unit joining the rotor hub to the blade carrier. The rotor hub and the spider lie adjacent the inner end of the housing and the carrier lies adjacent the cover, so that the rotor subdivides the rotor chamber into upstream and downstream chambers communicating with each other through passages in the spider. In use, the air passes from the upstream chamber to the downstream chamber through the openings in the spider and from the downstream chamber to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Heat recovery systems are useful, for example, in vehicles that generate large amounts of heat energy during operation. The heat energy is used to drive a dual pressure turbine for producing useful work. In order to fully utilize the great majority of the heat energy produced, the engine exhaust is used to convert a fluid to a gas and superheat the gas to a preselected temperature at a preselected pressure. A first stage of the dual pressure turbine receives the superheated gas and directs the gas at a supersonic velocity against the blades of the rotor. The gas exiting the first stage and the superheated gas at a lower preselected temperature is controllably and substantially separately directed to a second stage at substantially the same velocity. This heat recovery system fully utilizes the heat energy generated by the engine and substantially eliminates the sooting and the formation of oxides within the exhaust system.

Abstract: The valve intended for direct connection to the outer casing of a double casing steam turbine has a diffusor located in the valve housing, which diffusor protrudes through the outer casing into a connection stub pipe of the inner casing, where it is connected with a flexible seal to the inner casing. In a preferred embodiment, the diffusor sits with a cylindrical step in a corresponding bore of the valve housing, the valve housing consisting of ferritic cast material and the diffusor of austenitic steel, whose coefficient of thermal expansion is greater than that of the valve housing material. The diffusor, which sits loosely in the cold condition, expands more than the valve housing when the turbine becomes hot so that the diffusor is then firmly held in the valve housing.

Abstract: A geothermal turbine for converting the energy of two-phase geothermal fluids to rotary power includes a housing having a generally cylindrical rotor chamber with a circular manifold, and a plurality of peripheral nozzles for communicating fluid to the rotor chamber, and a rotor mounted coaxially within the chamber incuding a plurality of converging overlapping blades mounted around a central hub and positioned within the rotor for engagement by fluid from the nozzles.

Abstract: A self-propelled, rotary liquid atomizer having a feed tube and a rotor operably connected at the bottom thereof. The feed tube is hollow and is affixed to the inlet line of a pressurized liquid source. This liquid source is not only atomized but serves as the motor force for the atomizer. A plurality of slits are formed at the bottom of feed tube and they are juxtaposed a plurality of cup-like openings and holes formed in the rotor. As the liquid under pressure is passed through the feed tubes it exits from the slits at the bottom of the feed tube and impinges upon the cup-like openings within the rotor to cause the rotation thereof. This high speed rotation causes the rotor to act as a fly wheel spinning at such high speed that it increases the momentum of the liquid forcing it up and along the walls of the rotor and out through the openings therein. As the liquid reaches the openings at the top of the rotor, it is sheared into fine droplets and sprayed/atomized at 360.degree. around the rotor.

Abstract: A compressed-air vibrator with a turbine drive, which includes an unbalanced cylindrical rotor, an essentially closed housing having a cylindrical chamber in which the rotor is rotatably supported, with an inlet opening on the housing for the inlet of compressed air into the chamber, and with a discharge opening for the egress of air from the chamber. The rotor is constituted of at least two segments which possess different specific weights to provide the necessary imbalance.

Abstract: A turbine has a disc pack rotor with a central aperture-free or solid disc that divides the pack into two equal portions. The annular discs of each portion have aligned, central and unobstructed exhaust openings and the outer end disc of each portion is a support member having a webbed hub that is attached to a respective drive shaft journalled in the turbine casing. A stationary circular nozzle assembly closely surrounds the outer circumference of the disc pack to form one or more convergent-divergent nozzles that guide motivating fluid from an outer casing plenum into spaces between neighboring discs. The discs are separated from one another and interconnected by fences that guide the motivating fluid to the exhaust openings in each pack portion. Thus, fluid enters the pack circumference and is split into two parts by the center disc to exhaust in relatively opposite directions. The shaft for each pack portion preferably terminates at the outer support disc to form a two-direction "shaftless" rotor.

Abstract: A solid wheel turbine including a series of spaced overlapping buckets suitable for use in high quality and wet steam applications is disclosed. Complex flow passageways for buckets in a turbine wheel are utilized to achieve both high erosion resistance and improved performance by guiding the discharge from the bucket. The solid turbine wheel has a reduced diameter rim portion and a full diameter rim portion such that the flow passageway may change in the relative radial displacement between the inlet and the discharge. An L-shaped passageway extending from the reduced diameter portion to the full diameter portion is utilized to obtain additional guidance of the flow as it is discharged from the turbine wheel to obtain improved performance.

Abstract: Machine tool having a jet turbine driving a rotatable spindle with a tool holder, said spindle is comprised in a spindle housing, said jet turbine consisting of a disc-shaped turbine rotor being closely enclosed by a turbine housing, said turbine rotor having peripherally arranged discrete recesses, each recess having a concave front actuation wall for the jet and one sidewardly arranged outlet opening which opens in the axial direction of the rotor, said housing having at least one inlet nozzle for the jet directed into the recesses and having at least one outlet opening for the spent jet medium. Known machine tools suffer under strong speed losses when the load increases or varies. This disadvantage results from a constant interference between spent air within the recesses and the working jet. Thus, the energy of the jet cannot be used with good efficiency.

Abstract: A hydraulic turbine is of the kind having a distributor including a passage, without blades therein, which communicates with the movable blades of a rotor, having four blades, by means of injectors constituted by gaps formed between adjacent portions of a circular ring, the number of which is double that of the blades. The water escape axially to the center of the rotor chamber. The improvement of the present invention is that, in combination, the blades have a profile of an arc of a circle, and the portions of the stator ring which define the injector gaps each have a plane terminal face inclined at substantially 45.degree. to the corresponding radius of the respective portion of the ring and, for a first injector, forming an angle of substantially 135.degree. with a plane tangential to the external surface of the corresponding blade, when that blade occupies a position in which an adjacent blade is about to cooperate with the respective injector.

Abstract: A total flow turbine includes a housing defining a rotor chamber with a rotor rotatably mounted within the chamber and includes a plurality of passages opening at an outer radial face of the rotor and spiraling in a converging fashion inward to a central cavity which communicates with an outlet from the housing, with a plurality of nozzles spaced around the periphery of the housing angled toward the rotor for directing fluid toward the inlet of the passages.

Abstract: An improved water jet pool cleaner system includes a pool cleaner with a buoyant housing powered about the pool by forward and reverse driving nozzles so dirt and other debris is gathered at the low point on the bottom of the pool by the action of depending cleaner hoses. Water from the filter pump enters a fluid reservoir from which it flows along parallel flow paths to the forward and reverse driving nozzles, to a turbine, and to the cleaner hoses. Pressurized water is directed to the forward and reverse nozzles through a rotary valve which is rotated by the drive train connected to the turbine. The parallel flow paths permits water to be provided to the driving nozzles, to the turbine and to the cleaner hoses at pressures substantially equal to the fluid reservoir pressure. The system uses a flow diverter downstream of the main pool filter to divert the proper amount of water to the cleaner. Manual and automatic flow diverters and a novel in-line filter are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a centrifugal pump, a pumping section comprising a circular conduit has an input section subtending an arc on the circle. A plurality of channels connect the input section to an input conduit subtending an arc of a circle smaller than and concentric with or parallel to and vertically displaced from the circle defined by the pumping section. An output section subtends an arc defined by a circle concentric with and larger than the pumping section or vertically displaced therefrom. An impeller comprising vanes mounted on an annular disk is mounted in the pumping section and has magnetically saturable sections angularly spaced thereon driven by coils surrounding the pumping section and angularly spaced therealong.

Abstract: A boiler driven power generator comprises a power generator directly driven by the expanded steam vapor inside a vaporizing chamber of a boiler to save energy as friction loss caused by the expanded steam vapors during vaporization.

Abstract: A turbine power plant comprises a rotor and a stator with chambers arranged at intervals around the outer periphery of the rotor. Nozzles are provided at intervals around the stator and direct working fluid toward the periphery of the rotor. Each chamber comprises an intake opening in the outer periphery of the rotor and an inflow path which extends from the intake opening to a reaction surface. Working fluid entering a chamber passes through the inflow path to impinge upon the reaction surface. The direction of flow is such that work is produced on the rotor producing rotation. At the reaction surface, flow is subdivided into two parts extending into two outflow passages on opposite axial sides of the inflow path. The outflow paths extend to exhaust openings in the outer periphery of the rotor on opposite axial sides of the intake opening. The exiting flow of fluid passes through the outflow paths and exhaust openings toward the stator.

Abstract: An asymmetric rotating rotor prevents or inhibits formation of waves in a liquid ring or rings.

Abstract: The buckets of a turbine wheel are formed as a series of equally spaced, overlapping U-shaped passages in the rim of a wheel blank. In the machining operation, an island is left as the inner segment of the curved portion of the U and this is used in combination with labyrinth seals to provide a fluid seal between the inlet and the outlet portion of each bucket.

Abstract: A matrix in a rotating rotor prevents or inhibits formation of waves in a liquid ring. The matrix may be located in first and/or second channel sections defined by the rotor, liquid passing from the first to the second channel section; and a turbine may have a scoop removing liquid from the second section, proximate ends of barriers defined by the matrix.The matrix includes grooves between the barriers to communicate liquid generally parallel to an axis defined by the rotor. The grooves have end openings and may be closed in a direction toward that axis.

Abstract: A pneumatic system is disclosed for regulating the acceleration and running speed of an air turbine and alternator used in electrostatic spray apparatus having a self-contained electrical power supply. The air turbine includes a rotor which is arranged to be biased in a first direction of rotation by a flow of impinging drive air and in a second opposite direction by a flow of impinging brake air. The flows of air cooperatively result in rotation of the turbine in a desired direction of operation and enable a minimized period of acceleration for a predetermined running speed.

Abstract: The clearance necessary for the assembly of the nozzle ring of an axial flow steam turbine is localized through a temporary bolting. The localized clearance is compartmentalized by making a generally radially extending hole centered on the clearance at the circumferential location of the boundary between each pair of adjacent nozzle banks. Pins are driven into the holes and provide a seal between adjacent nozzle banks.

Abstract: This engine is designed to be operated by diversity of methods. It comprises a master cylinder which has the shape of the capital letter "T". Oil is compressed in this cylinder from its vertical line. The two opposite sides of this master cylinder have conical channels in them. Next to each side of the master cylinder and outside it, there is a rotating disc with poaches or pockets in it. Deep in each poach there is a draining duct which opens in the thickness of that rotating disc. The two rotating discs are attached together by an axle crossing the master cylinder from one side to another. As the assembly is tight, and if an amount of oil is compressed in the master cylinder through its vertical or pumping line, then the oil will have no passage out of it except through the conical channels of the cylinder's sides.And as oil gushes under pressure from the sides it encounters the rotating disc with the poaches, and thus forces it to spin to be able to get out from it.

Abstract: A full admission radial impulse turbine and turbines with full admission radial impulse stages.

Abstract: A full admission radial impulse turbine and turbines with full admission radial impulse stages. The last-mentioned turbines are of the single shaft, dual pressure type. Provision is made for utilizing working fluid exhausted from the high pressure section, in which the radial impulse stage(s) are located, in the low pressure section which contains axial flow turbine stages. The (or each) radial impulse stage in the dual pressure turbine has a rotor or wheel with buckets or pockets oriented transversely to the direction of wheel rotation and opening onto the periphery of the wheel. Working fluid is supplied to the buckets via nozzles formed in, or supported from, a nozzle ring surrounding the turbine wheel and aligned with the entrance ends of the buckets.

Abstract: A simple, rugged and wide velocity range radial flow turbine wheel, with entry flow radially inward and exhaust flow radially outward, has an efficient integral fluid-dynamic multiple staging system needing no stationary devices for redirecting the fluid. Consequently there are no clearance problems, and it can be used with all fluids, including contaminated ones. The tangentially-entering fluid stream is captured and trapped in an annular passageway between an outer set of circumferentially mounted blades and a carefully coordinated inner set of circumferentially mounted planar surfaces. Energy is extracted from the stream when the flow direction is changed each time the faster-moving fluid is vectored radially inwardly from a blade to an inner surface, then vectored radially outwardly to the next blade, then to the next inner surface, etc. All of the pressure, lift and drag forces contribute to turbine output.

Abstract: An energy conversion apparatus includes a turbine-like structure for converting water pressure to rotary motion. A vortex is set up within the structure and is used to enhance the power output of the device. The apparatus includes a drum for receiving water from a plurality of nozzles, and a plurality of lugs disposed on an interior surface of an upper portion of the drum. The lugs presenting a reaction surface to the water supplied by the nozzles from a pressure line for rotating the drum. The drum is elongated to provide an opportunity for a vortex to develop. The vortex is enhanced by the shape of the drum which presents a cross-section having a tapered portion which narrows progressively downwardly. The resultant vortex applies further rotational force to the interior surface of the drum, and more specifically to vanes provided within the drum for reacting with the vortex. Some of the lugs are connected to a central shaft by radial arms at a top opening of the drum.

Abstract: A pressure fluid motor adapted to be operated by compressed air, steam, or hydraulically, comprising a cylindrical housing having a smooth inner surface and a concentric cylindrical rotor having a roughened surface provided with inlet means for introducing the pressure fluid into the space between the rotor and the housing and outlet means remote from the inlet means for venting spent pressure fluid whereby the pressure fluid is induced to flow through the motor in a vortex path. The clearance between the rotor and the housing is from about 0.0075 to about 0.03 inches.

Abstract: A constriction in a pipeline forces a portion of the pipeline flow to follow a bypass channel wherein it drives a turbine or Pelton wheel before being returned to an output beyond the constriction. In one embodiment, a pump provides a high velocity flow along a second bypass path which is applied through one or more nozzles to accelerate the fluid in the main bypass path.

Abstract: An impulse turbine system (10) includes a rotatably mounted turbine wheel (12) and a speed sensing system (40) to sense the speed of the turbine wheel (12). A flow diversion nozzle (14) normally provides a jet of driving fluid to power the turbine wheel (12). This nozzle (14) includes an internal flow diverter (30, 38, 58, 74, 76, 88, 90, 94, 104, 110, 118) which operates under the control of the speed sensing system (40) when the turbine wheel (12) reaches an overspeed condition to angularly divert the jet of driving fluid issuing from the nozzle opening (26).

Abstract: A gas turbine comprising a housing having a chamber of generally cylindrical periphery, a rotor mounted for rotation in the chamber, and a stator wall at one end of the chamber. The rotor has an end face in rotary sealing relationship with the stator wall and a peripheral surface in rotary sealing relationship with the periphery of the chamber. The rotor further has a plurality of recesses around its periphery, each recess extending radially into the rotor from the peripheral surface thereof and having a passage extending to the end face thereof. The housing has an inlet directing gas under pressure into the recesses. The stator wall blocks each passage at the end face for a part of a revolution of the rotor to hold the gas in the recesses for compression and is ported for exit of gas from each recess via its passage as the rotor rotates through another part of its revolution for expansion of the gas and resultant impulsing of the rotor.

Abstract: A flame spray gun (10) for feeding and melting rods (R) of heat fusible material and spraying molten droplets thereof onto a substrate comprising an improved main supply valve connected to air, fuel gas and oxidant conduits (14-22) (44-48) including air, fuel gas and oxidant inlet and outlet chambers (28-38), continuous seals (40) and vents (42) between the chambers, a valve shaft (50) with axially spaced slots movable within a bore and seals to connect the inlet and outlet chambers, a valve locking device (54-56) for maintaining shaft (50) either in a LIGHTING or ON position and an unlocking device (62-66) to release biased valve shaft to an OFF position. An improved combustion head (70) and flame spray nozzle (82) has seals situated on opposite sides of oxidant and fuel gas chambers and between the combustion head and nozzle.

Abstract: The arrangement comprises a turbine wheel having semicircular buckets milled into the periphery thereof and a steam or gas-discharging nozzle operatively associated therewith, according to prior art practices, in which an improved, efficiency-enhancing ratio of bucket radius to nozzle width is set forth, defined and depicted.

Abstract: An improved fluid propulsion apparatus of the type which includes a housing, a plurality of spaced apart discs rotatably mounted on a shaft and positioned within the housing, and a plurality of fluid inlet and outlet ports all in communication with the interior of the housing. The housing includes a circumferential peripheral zone defined as the region between the interior of the housing and the periphery of the discs. The apparatus may be utilized as a pump or as a turbine. During operation as a pump, the shaft and discs are rotated and fluid is introduced into the housing at a port at the center of the housing, flows in an outwardly spiralling path between the discs within the housing, and flows into the peripheral zone from where it is removed through one of several ports at the periphery of the housing. The ports at the periphery of the housing are positioned such that the apparatus may be utilized as a pump with the discs and shaft rotated in either a clockwise or a counter-clockwise direction.

Abstract: A radial inflow turbine is disclosed utilizing a star wheel type of blade and wherein the inlet nozzles are located along the sides or lateral of the blade tips rather than located radially beyond the blade tips. The side approach enables the turbine to include an annular chamber outside of the moving blades and where small particles are centrifuged during operation and collected. The incoming hot gases, that propel the blades, pass through approximately a 90.degree. turn and continue radially inwardly. The large particles hit the turbine blades and are projected outwardly into the annular chamber for collection and subsequent removal while the smaller particles may be centrifuged in the stream of gas and immediately thrown outwardly. The turbine is capable of removing particles to as small as 2-3 microns (.mu.m).

Abstract: A rotary motor which is propelled by a jet of high-pressure fluid comprising an annular rotor having a diameter much greater than its thickness and its width and a roughened annular surface, a housing having a smooth annular surface apposed to the roughened annular surface of the rotor, bearing means comprising apposed annular races separated by rolling means and united in freely rotating, inseparable relation one to the other and to the rolling means. The races have an inside diameter at least equal to the inside diameter of the annular rotor and one race is affixed to the housing and the other race is affixed to the rotor. A plurality of jet orifices for directing a jet of high-pressure fluid into the space between the apposed surfaces of the rotor and the housing are oriented so that at least a portion of the jet impinges on the roughened surface of the rotor at an acute angle. The apposed surfaces can be planar annuli or cylindrical annuli.

Abstract: An improved fluid propulsion apparatus of the type including a housing and a plurality of spaced apart discs rotatably mounted on a shaft and positioned within the housing. The housing includes a circumferential peripheral zone, defined as the region between the interior of the housing and the periphery of the discs, and further includes inlet and outlet ports each in communication with the interior of the housing. The apparatus may be utilized as a liquid pump, liquid ring pump, vacuum pump, air compressor or blower, mixer or blender, and as a turbine. During operation as a pump, the shaft and discs are rotated within the housing and fluid enters the port at a center port of the housing, flows in an outwardly spiraling path between the discs within the housing, and continues to flow into the peripheral zone from which it is removed through a port or ports at the periphery of the housing, such as through a pitot-like fluid flow path.

Abstract: A hydraulic installation includes a gate valve and an injector rectilinearly mounted in series in a water inlet conduit which feeds a turbine. The injector includes a central body portion in which first and second servo-motors are housed. The first servo-motor controls the tip of the injector and the second servo-motor controls the movement of the plug of the gate valve. A single crosspiece secures the injector to an outer annular casing and also absorbs hydraulic forces otherwise exerted on the gate valve and the injector.

Abstract: A pressure gas engine in which pressurized gas such as air is supplied to a series of arcuately arranged nozzles for blasting the gas into a single series of closely adjacent impulse buckets in a rotor at its rim. Each bucket lies on a chord of the rim that is adjacent to a tangent to the rim that is parallel to this chord. Each bucket has an arcuate impulse surface of substantially constant radius transverse to the direction of rotation of the rotor and extending from an entrance side of the bucket that is adjacent to one end of the bucket to an opposite exhaust side adjacent to the opposite end of the bucket with each exhaust being subjected to minimum back pressure for maximum efficiency. There is also provided nozzle means comprising an arcuate series of nozzles in the casing around the rotor and closely adjacent to the rim for providing these gas blasts through the nozzles into the buckets for rotating the rotor.

Abstract: A turbine is disclosed which is adapted to receive and utilize fluid from multiple sources simultaneously. The fluid from each source is utilized optimumly by providing a section of the turbine adapted for the characteristics of each fluid source.

Abstract: A turbine casing for superchargers having a baffle wall formed therewithin with the inclination inclined at about 30.degree. to 35.degree. relative to a perpendicular to the axis of a turbine impeller so that the inside of the turbine casing is formed into two flow paths where the exhaust pressure wave is passed through. One of the flow paths has on the side wall thereof opposite to the baffle wall an inclined surface inclined at about 10.degree. to 15.degree. relative to the perpendicular in an opposite direction to the inclination of the baffle wall. The other flow path has on the side surface thereof opposite to the baffle wall an inclined surface inclined at about 55.degree. to 60.degree. relative to the perpendicular in the same direction as the inclination of the baffle wall. Each flow path is uniform in cross section throughout its entire volute.

Abstract: A working fluid such as a liquifiable gas is rotated in a rotor having a thermodynamic compressor, a condenser chamber and an evaporation chamber. The high pressure zone in the condenser chamber is separated from the low pressure zone of the evaporator by a column of liquid. In several embodiments, a fore-pump is actuated by the thermodynamic compressor in order to vary the thermodynamic operating points of the device.

Abstract: A nozzle insert for a turbine and a turbine embodying a plurality of such nozzles. The nozzles are removably mounted in the turbine to enable them to be readily replaced in the event of damage. Each nozzle has a working fluid passageway extending therethrough and forming a rectangular exit in a turbine blade-confronting surface. The passageway includes an arcuate or otherwise curved section adjacent an inlet of the passageway and a rectilinear section adjacent the exit of the passageway.

Abstract: A working fluid such as a liquifiable gas is rotated in a rotor having a thermodynamic compressor, a condenser chamber and an evaporation chamber. The high pressure zone in the condenser chamber is separated from the low pressure zone of the evaporator by a column of liquid. In several embodiments, a forepump is actuated by the thermodynamic compressor in order to vary the thermodynamic operating points of the device.

Abstract: An apparatus used in steam turbines for locking a nozzle block and nozzle chamber together. At least one modified cap screw is engaged with the nozzle block and nozzle chamber and tightened to a required torque. A plate is affixed to either two or more modified cap screws or to both a modified cap screw and the surrounding base metal of the nozzle block or nozzle chamber with one rivet passing through the plate into the modified cap screw and a second rivet passing through the plate into the nozzle block, nozzle chamber, or other modified cap screw. The rivets and attaching plate restrain relative motion between the cap screw and the surrounding base metal of the nozzle block or nozzle chamber thus preventing the modified cap screw from loosening.

Abstract: A pair of sealed, concentric metal tanks define a high pressure air storage chamber between the tanks, while the inner of the two tanks forms an air expansion chamber and carries a plurality of axially spaced impellers fixed to a shaft mounted for rotation coaxially through both concentric tanks. A plurality of tubular inductor nozzles are fixedly mounted to the motor and project at circumferentially and axially spaced positions into the inner chamber and carry high pressure expansion nozzles which receive air from the high pressure storage chamber and induce recirculated, low pressure air from the inner chamber to flow through the tubular inductor nozzles for impingement on the respective impellers. Planetary gearing couples the impellers to the shaft to effect high velocity rotation of the output shaft of the motor.

Abstract: Turbine demonstration apparatus comprises a turbine rotor wheel made of a central circular disc with arc-bent plate turbine blades mounted on and bonded to the disc at close and regular intervals around the disc periphery and a stator-housing with a transparent cover for enclosing the turbine wheel, holding one or more feed nozzles and providing a stator reaction mount for the nozzles, the wheel and its housing being mounted from an instrument chassis containing parameter adjusting means and turbine output adjusting and measuring means to provide a compact, economical demonstrator of turbine operation.

Abstract: A radial inflow turbine with supersonic inlet nozzles in an axial-tangential plane is disclosed. The nozzles discharge into an annular vaneless space around the turbine rotor and the fluid flow enters the rotor vanes in a radially inward direction.

Abstract: The invention comprises a water wheel having spaced parallel circular side walls supported on bearings which are rotationally mounted in a stationary base, these bearings preferably being the wheels of railroad cars, there being a plurality of generally radially extended paddle elements disposed between the side walls and extending from the periphery thereof, and including an upwardly extended chute connected to an elevated water supply, this chute having a lower end shaped to deflect water generally horizontally and tangentially into the upper portion of the water wheel and against the paddle elements.

Abstract: A smog control device for use particularly on automobiles and comprising an enclosure connectable to the automotive exhaust system and having a passageway therein defined principally by baffles, and a pair of different sized vaned rotors coaxially mounted on a single shaft are disposed in the passageway such that the first smaller rotor is upstream from the second, larger rotor, whereby the first rotor is driven by the automotive exhaust flow and the second rotor is driven by the first rotor to create a partial vacuum in the passageway between the rotors, the partial vacuum being instrumental in causing the precipitation and caking of exhaust pollutants on downstream baffles which are removable for cleaning. A small motor could also be used to drive the rotors.