Abstract: A buoyant wave energy device is disclosed that incorporates an open-bottomed tube of substantial length in which is partially enclosed a first body of water that oscillates in response to wave action. The device incorporates a buoy to which an upper end of the tube is connected and inside of which is trapped a second body of water of substantial mass. A differential phase in the oscillations of the water trapped in the tube, and the oscillations of the buoy of augmented mass, result in the periodic compression of a pocket of air trapped at the top of the tube, and in the subsequent expulsion of pressurized air through a turbine, thereby generating electrical power.

Abstract: A buoyant wave energy device is disclosed that incorporates an open-bottomed tube of substantial length in which is partially enclosed a first body of water that oscillates in response to wave action. The device incorporates a buoy to which an upper end of the tube is connected and inside of which is trapped a second body of water of substantial mass. A differential phase in the oscillations of the water trapped in the tube, and the oscillations of the buoy of augmented mass, result in the periodic compression of a pocket of air trapped at the top of the tube, and in the subsequent expulsion of pressurized air through a turbine, thereby generating electrical power.

Abstract: A device for collecting renewable energy includes two superposed caissons and the height of which is small in comparison with the expanse of the device which are floating or secured to a fixed or shoreline structure. A plurality of similar tubes with vertical axes is distributed over the expanse of the caissons, extending down beneath the caissons, open at their lower ends immersed in the water. Upper ends are inset into the caissons and have a valve that opens from the inside of the tube toward the upper caisson, and with a valve opening from the lower caisson toward the inside of the tube. Air is driven into the upper caisson by the rise in water level in some of the tube and conveyed through a turbine generator unit which produces electricity, then returns into the lower caisson suction into tubes in which the water level is falling.

Abstract: The Buoyant Synchrony Actuated Inductance AC Generator is a Wave Energy Converter using marine energy from Wave Power and converting it to Electricity. The Wave Energy Converter includes numerous sub-generators operating independently within its self. The Wave Energy Converter utilizes at least two balls which undergo rotational, radial, and angular motion so as to increase a frequency of movement of a plurality of magnets as they move in the vertical direction along with a wave. Solenoids are positioned in the Wave Energy Converter so as to capture the movement of the magnets and convert the movement into an electrical current.

Abstract: A device (OWC Oscillating Water Column) for capturing wave energy, the upper part of which contains a pressure accumulator (3) connected to the atmosphere through a unidirectional outlet turbine (4) and a vacuum accumulator (6) connected to the atmosphere through a unidirectional inlet turbine (5). The lower portion is formed by at least one block, where each block is made up of a structural column (19), which when submerged in the water gives rise to a water column (8) and an air chamber (1) in the upper portion. Each block is connected to the pressure accumulator (3) through a non-return intake valve (2), and to the vacuum accumulator (6) through a non-return exhaust valve (7), and having an inlet (16) arranged in the lower portion of each structural column (19). One of the main characteristics of the device is that the pressure (3) and vacuum (6) accumulators act as an air manifold, inhaling and exhaling through the blocks, and at the same time damping sudden changes in pressure.

Abstract: A wave energy converter to convert energy conveyed in ocean waves propagating in a wave propagation direction in an ocean environment and received at the converter into generated power includes a plurality of columns which are in fluidic communication via corresponding ports to the ocean waves received at the converter. The ports are arranged substantially in series along the wave propagation direction, and the ports are of progressively greater depth into the ocean environment along the wave propagation direction to cause the ocean waves to propagate in a downwardly-directed manner when received at the ports. The plurality of columns are arranged so that that their elongate axes are substantially aligned along a first direction, and that the ports have corresponding port angles relative to the first direction which are progressively larger as the ports (50) are of progressively greater depth.

Abstract: A wave energy converter includes a flexible pipe and an inlet. The flexible pipe floats on the water surface, following the wave form. Slugs of water and air enter, one after the other, through the inlet. Because the flexible pipe follows the shape of the wave, water is transported through a manifold to a pressure chamber connected to a generator. The inlet consists of a hollow, inflexible pipe attached to the throat of the flexible pipe. The inflexible pipe is fixedly attached to a buoyancy tank or plurality thereof. The buoyancy tanks are arranged in a vertical plane or in tandem, with the inflexible pipe passing along the plane vertical to the fore and aft axis of the buoyancy tank and the frontward portion projecting sufficiently ahead of the buoyancy tank with the flexible pipe terminating at a singular outlet. The entire apparatus is facing towards the oncoming waves.

Abstract: The invention concerns a wave chamber for a wave power plant having a water inlet opening situated below the water level and an outlet leading to a ventilation channel, in which an air turbine is installed; whereas the wave chamber contains a free-standing stack of a plurality of chamber segments resting on the bottom of the body of water, which are braced vertically by a large number of traction elements.

Abstract: A vertical wave powered air compressor where different parts of the structure are at different depths (and hence static pressures). A plurality of compression stages are stacked one below the other. Each level has two or more chambers. The chambers have a series of check valves or water seals between them. Each passing wave raises and lowers the entire stack. As the stack moves downward, increased water pressure causes water to enter the first chambers at each level compressing the air inside. As the stack returns upward, the decreased water pressure causes water to leave the first chambers allowing the air therein to expand. However, the check valves prevent the air in the second chambers from expanding or escaping back into the first chambers. Another set of check valves allow the air in the second chambers, as it expands, to be forced downward into the next lower first chamber.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid ejection head and a liquid ejection head capable of preventing corrosion of electrodes are provided. The method of manufacturing a liquid ejection head includes: a step of forming porous silicon areas in portions of a silicon substrate where the liquid paths are to be formed; a step of forming in layers in the porous silicon areas a protective layer, a heating resistor layer, an electrode layer and a heat accumulation layer; a step of forming ink ejection openings in the silicon substrate; and a step of removing the porous silicon areas.

Abstract: A vertical wave powered air compressor where different parts of the structure are at different depths (and hence static pressures). A plurality of compression stages are stacked one below the other. Each level has two or more chambers. The chambers have a series of check valves or water seals between them. Each passing wave raises and lowers the entire stack. As the stack moves downward, increased water pressure causes water to enter the first chambers at each level compressing the air inside. As the stack returns upward, the decreased water pressure causes water to leave the first chambers allowing the air therein to expand. However, the check valves prevent the air in the second chambers from expanding or escaping back into the first chambers. Another set of check valves allow the air in the second chambers, as it expands, to be forced downward into the next lower first chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1), including an elongated tubular body (3) arranged to be located in water in an essentially vertical position. The tubular body (3) includes an open end (6) at the bottom and a narrowing portion (7) at the top, which ends in an opening (8) arranged to be located above the level of the surrounding water (2). The device (1) is arranged to establish a water level in the narrowing portion (7) of the tubular body (3), which is lower than the level of the surrounding water and to intermittently level out this level difference in such a way that the water in the tubular body (3) is transported up to a higher level than the level of the surrounding water by the action thereon of the narrowing portion (7).

Abstract: An explosive slurry is positioned in the interior of a pressure tank. A liquid is introduced into the interior of the pressure tank and into direct contact with the slurry. The slurry is forced out of the interior of the pressure tank to a position of utilization by the pressure of the liquid and without passing the slurry through a pump.

Abstract: Arrangement for feeding water into a reservoir located at a level above that of the ocean by utilising energy produced by the movement of waves thereof. An air cushion-forming portion of a first chamber communicates with an air cushion-forming portion of a second chamber. Water is supplied to the second chamber via an intake pipe and associated back pressure valves plus adjacent rising pipe. As a result of equivalent pressure variations in the first and second air cushion-forming portions caused by movement of the waves, water is lifted from the second chamber in a pipe via additional back pressure valves along with a further rising pipe plus pump to a higher lying, third chamber and from there to the reservoir.

Abstract: A wave power apparatus (10) includes a chamber (16) which may be constructed over a coastal gully (12) so that waves (14) cause the water level to rise and fall in the chamber, and so cause air to flow to and fro in a duct (32). A Wells-type biplane turbine (34) in the duct (32) drives a generator (36). The turbine (34) comprises two turbine discs (45) 0.5 m apart, each defining a hub, a plurality of aerofoil section straight blades (80), and an outer ring (56). The ring (56) is sufficiently massive to act as an energy-storage flywheel, and has a greater moment of inertia than the hub and the blades. Each turbine disc (45) might have a kinetic energy of at least 1 MJ when rotating at 1650 rpm.

Abstract: A wave-activated power generating apparatus in the form of a buoy includes a floatable main body provided with a vertically extending central pipe having its bottom open end opened into the water and its top open end located above the water surface when the main body floats in the water surface, an air turbine disposed at the top open end of the central pipe, a generator operatively coupled to the air turbine, and a plate-shaped guide plate fixedly attached to the main body as located opposite to and separated away from the bottom open end of the central pipe. The provision of the bottom guide plate allows to define a laterally opened circular opening between the guide plate and the bottom of the main body, through which the water moves into and out of the central pipe. This structure allows to use the present apparatus even in shallow waters.

Abstract: A wave-powered, two-stage compressed air apparatus (10) comprising a low compression valving arrangement, and a high compression chamber (16), wherein volunteer air is used in the low compression mode to pre-charge the high compression chamber (16) and then kinetic wave energy is subsequently transmitted to a compression piston (21) via the wave (11) impacting a ram disc plate (17).

Abstract: A collection device for energy from water with wave motion has working fluids, a number of pumping units and accumulators interconnected together, and valves to regulate the fluid flow. Each pumping unit has a chamber with an intake port connected to an accumulator, an exhaust port connected to another accumulator, and an outlet to the water. The working fluid in the chamber is in contact with the water, or is partitioned from the water by a flexible membrance or a piston. The pressure from the wave motion of the water pumps the working fluid from one accumulator to another with certain pressure or elevation increase. The working fluid gains suitable pressure or elevation increase through several stages of pumping units.

Abstract: Apparatus permitting the utilization of large volumes of water in the harnessing and extracting of a portion of the power generated by the rise and fall of ocean tides, ocean currents, or flowing rivers includes the provision of a dam, and a specialized single cavity chamber of limited size as compared wth the water head enclosed by the dam, and an extremely high volume gating system in which all or nearly all of the water between the high and low levels on either side of the dam is cyclically gated through the single chamber from one side of the dam to the other so as to alternately provide positive air pressure and a partial vacuum within the single chamber.

Abstract: A device and a method for extracting energy from waves on a liquid from the oscillations of a column 14 of liquid in a chamber 22. The oscillations are caused by an oscillatory excitation force `Fe` produced by the effect of the waves. The phase of the velocity `z` of the column 14 of liquid and the phase of the excitation force `Fe` are brought substantially into phase by arresting the motion of the column 14 of liquid, and holding the column 14 of liquid stationary until the column 14 of liquid can be released in phase with the excitation force `Fe`.

Abstract: A wave energy conversion system is disclosed and comprises a spine and a plurality of wave driven pump units each comprising a pillow shaped flexible bag arranged with its length direction horizontal and mounted on the spine so that the water in which the system is located flows to both sides of the bag so that in use the bag is kept out of abrading contact with the spine. The lower edges of the bags are attached to the spine and the upper edge of each bag has a common outlet/inlet passage through which air is pumped back and forth by the bag collapsing and expanding under the influence of the waves. The common passage is at one top corner of the bag and at the other top corner is a dummy passage which enables the bag to be fabricated in such a manner that the corners are not stressed significantly in use. Also, a common pipe can be used to define the common passage of one bag and the dummy passage of the adjacent bag.

Abstract: An apparatus for harvesting wave energy by utilizing the movement of the waves has a support or foundation suitably anchored so as to be relatively stable to wave movement. Pivotally attaching to the support is a pontoon member. The pontoon is so pivoted on the support that it moves in respect to the support in response to wave movement. The interior of the pontoon is partitioned to include two chambers, one located at each end of the pontoon. Each of the chambers includes a gas inlet and a gas outlet which are equipped with one way valves which restrict gas flow into the chambers via the inlet and out of the chambers via the outlet. A gas collecting system is attached to the gas outlet. The two chambers are connected together near the bottom of the pontoon by a connecting member. A movable member within the interior of the pontoon which is operatively associated with the connection member moves in response to wave movement.

Abstract: Floating-on-a-body-of-water compressed-air-generating assemblies and methods are disclosed which are utilized to drive electrical generators powered by compressed air. The integrated assembly utilizes windmills, reciprocating float-linkage means, collapsible paddle blades, and at least one member selected from the water-motion-actuated group consisting of slosh boxes, sliding masses, rack-and-pinions, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A plant for utilizing kinetic energy inherent in the wave movement of water or heaving of the sea. The plant comprises a float unit and energy absorption apparatus connected to the unit. The absorption apparatus comprises an immersed piston built into an elongate acceleration pipe, which is open at both ends and substantially vertical, this pipe being connected to the float unit and accompanying it in the wave motion of the water.The piston is connected to a hydraulic motor driving an electric generator.The piston is arranged in a portion with extended cross section upwards in the acceleration pipe.Coupled between the piston and hydraulic motor there is a hydraulic cylinder with a double-sided piston, and a rectifying hydraulic circuit for always supplying hydraulic pressure to the same side of the hydraulic motor.A flywheel can be connected between the hydraulic motor and generator for smoothing out the action of pressure variations on the generator.

Abstract: A device for transmitting sea water from a lower level to a higher level by means of sea surge striking the intake pipe to generate air pressure in a sealed chamber and to cause the water therein to be transmitted upwards into the next higher sealed chamber. The sea water is finally lifted to a reservoir at a given elevation.

Abstract: The invention provides apparatus for extracting energy from waves in the surface of a body of water, comprising a structure adapted to float on the water and having an inlet channel and means for anchoring the structure with the inlet channel facing into incoming waves; and means for converting the energy contained in water entering the inlet channel as a result of the wave motion, to a transmittable form.

Abstract: The invention provides a device for extracting energy from waves on a liquid, the device having a chamber with an opening for the flow of liquid into and out of the chamber to provide a quantity of the liquid which is arranged to oscillate in the chamber to provide energy from these oscillations. In order to maximize the energy absorption efficiency of the device, that portion of the device to be submerged and lie in a vertical plane aligned in the direction of propagation of the waves is of asymmetric shape, and the device is arranged to be held in a manner to inhibit movement of the device itself in response to the waves.

Abstract: A device for extracting energy from wave energy and comprising a plurality of chambers adapted for pressurizing and discharging a working gas, means for collecting the pressurized working gas, and a mechanical device such as an air turbine to which the collected pressurized working gas is conducted to extract energy therefrom and drive a device such as an electric generator.The pressurized working gas may be collected in a duct which connects the chambers in parallel relationship and is provided with means for applying a smoothing pressure to smooth out pressure fluctuations of the pressurized working gas. Alternatively, the chambers may be connected together in series relationship so that the pressurized working gas from one chamber is collected by an adjacent chamber as it progresses along the series to the mechanical device.

Abstract: A combination floating breakwater and wave energy collecting system in which a pair of joint floating spread wings are provided between which a vessel can be moored. The spread angle of the wings is adjustable and the wings can be jointly swung about their juncture so as to extend from the juncture generally in the direction of wave and wind travel so that the vee-shaped area between the wings is on the lee side. The wings have rows of improved wave energy collecting cells used to drive air turbines coupled to electric generators without intermediate compressed air storage and this energy conversion assists in dampening the wave action in the moorage zone between the wings.

Abstract: An apparatus for harnessing and extracting a portion of the power generated by the rise and fall of ocean tides. A tidal chamber is provided wherein the rise of the tide creates positive air pressure within the tidal chamber and the fall of the tide creates a partial vacuum within the tidal chamber. The pressure and partial vacuum are, through appropriate valving, used to drive a pair of reciprocating, fluid-coupled rod and float assemblies, the motions of which can be harnessed to operate an air compressor, crank shaft, flywheel or other suitable mechanical device.

Abstract: A plurality of tidal chambers are filled in succession during rising tide and then are allowed to sequentially empty during the half-cycle of falling tide. Power is generated by air flow across a turbine, as a manifold and valve means communicate air pressure from the tidal chambers during rising tide and vacuum pressure during falling tide. Sequential operation of the tidal chambers permits continuous generation of power during the full cycle of rising and falling tide.

Abstract: A fixed structure encloses a vertically spaced plurality of superimposed channels that are open at one end of the sea to receive deep sea waves approaching a shoreline. Each of the channels has an entrance ramp that slopes upwardly shorewardly to induce breaking of a wave at and over an apex of trailer service ramp that merges into a shorewardly downwardly sloping convergent conduit having fluid communication with a pressure chamber of the structure through a one-way valve controlled aperture at which the wave energy is concentrated. A portion of each ramp is overlain by a roof which may comprise the underside of a superimposed ramp of another channel. Each of the ramps is of upwardly convex configuration, transversely to the wave direction, and at opposite sides is provided with re-entrant scuppers for draining backwash from a receding wave.

Abstract: A rigid waterproof structure built on the ocean floor near a shore is completely enclosed. Guides are provided to direct the waves or swells from the ocean to an inlet opening which is completely covered, by a free-hanging heavy gate which latter is opened when the waves or swells move toward the shore thereby introducing water into the dome-like structure and displacing the air therein, thus compressing it. The air is forced out through check valves and thus compressed is conducted to a storage tank for the compressed air. Air intakes are provided which are closed when the air is compressed in the structure and are opened when the water escapes from the structure.

Abstract: A wave-powered pneumatic system for producing compressed air to be used for energy storage or power generation, comprising an elongated seawall extending parallel to the shore and at a distance out from the shore, upon which an air-accumulating structure is built. The air-accumulating structure is divided by partitions into a plurality of modules, each consisting of a plurality of stacked air chambers arranged one above the other. Each of the chambers is relatively shallow in the vertical dimension, and each chamber is closed on all sides except the end facing out to sea. A plenum chamber is connected to each of the air chambers by separate ducts having check valves which allow air to flow into the plenum chamber when pressure within the duct exceeds the pressure in the plenum chamber. The plenum chamber is connected to the air storage or power generating means.

Abstract: A wave-actuated bilge pump for pumping foul bilge gases from a boat. The pump includes a generally inverted U-shaped section of hollow tubing with generally downwardly directed legs having open ends. One of the ends is positioned to receive bilge gases from within the boat, and the other end is immersed below the surface of the water outside the boat. A freely-opening check valve permits bilge gases to flow within the tubing only away from the fume-receiving end. A gas-escape port opened to the atmosphere is provided in the tubing above the lower, open tubing end immersed in the water, and a second, freely-opening check valve is provided to permit flow of bilge fumes through the port only outwardly of the tubing of the atmosphere. Wave-action causes the level of water in the exterior leg of the tubing to rise and to fall such that bilge gases are drawn into the tubing as the water level falls, and the gases are exhausted from the tubing as the water level rises.