Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is a method, comprising: sintering a plurality of nanocrystalline particulates to form a nanocrystalline alloy, wherein at least some of the nanocrystalline particulates may include a non-equilibrium phase comprising a first metal material and a second metal material, and the first metal material may be soluble in the second metal material. The sintered nanocrystalline alloy may comprise a bulk nanocrystalline alloy.

Abstract: A method for forming a part. The method includes: forming a first portion of the part at a first level; forming a second portion of the part at a second level; wherein forming the first and second portions includes exposing the first and second levels to a sintering process and portions of the first and second levels to an electron beam; forming a wire in the passage formed inside the first and second portions by exposing a portion of the passage to the electron beam; applying a signal to the wire to break up sintered material in the passage; and removing the wire.

Abstract: A superconducting wire has a length that is sufficiently longer than a conventional one, and a critical current density that is uniformly high over the entire length thereof. Density of the magnesium diboride core is 1.5 g/cm3 or higher. A void is present in an arbitrary longitudinal cross-section in the longitudinal direction of the superconducting wire, when a length of a line segment which connects the most distant two points in a closed curve forming the void is assumed to be L, among the voids with length L of 20 ?m or greater, the number of voids with an angle formed by the line segment and the axis in the longitudinal direction of the superconducting wire of 45° or greater is less than the number of voids with the angle formed by the line segment and the axis in the longitudinal direction of the superconducting wire of smaller than 45°.

Abstract: In a method for forming joints between MgB2 filaments of superconducting wires, the MgB2 filaments from the wires to be joined are exposed, and the exposed filaments are then exposed to a mixture of magnesium powder and boron powder in a furnace, and the MgB2 filaments and the magnesium and boron powders are pressed together in the furnace. The MgB2 filaments and the magnesium and the boron powders in the furnace are heated, and oxygen that is present within the furnace is preferentially trapped, and thus removed from the joint, by providing titanium within the furnace.

Abstract: The invention provides a simple and inexpensive method to assemble nanomaterials into millimeter lengths. The method can be used to generate optical, sensing, electronic, magnetic and or catalytic materials. Also provided is a substrate comprised of fused nanoparticles. The invention also provides a diode comprised of assembled nanoparticles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for making a metal part that comprises a reinforcement (15) made of ceramic fibers. The method comprises the following steps: forming at least one annular-shaped insert (15) by assembling a bundle of metal-coated fibers; placing the insert into a hollow metal mold (10) such that the insert is spaced between the walls (10a, 10b) of the mold; filling the mold with a metal powder; generating vacuum in the mold and closing the same; hot isostatic compressing the assembly at a temperature and under a pressure sufficient for binding the powder particles between them and for binding the insert fibers between them; removing the mold and optionally machining to the desired shape.

Abstract: Plastic zone extrusion may be provided. First, a compressor may generate frictional heat in stock to place the stock in a plastic zone of the stock. Then, a conveyer may receive the stock in its plastic zone from the compressor and transport the stock in its plastic zone from the compressor. Next, a die may receive the stock in its plastic zone from the conveyer and extrude the stock to form a wire.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing inorganic hollow yarns, such as cermets, oxide-non oxide composites, poorly sinterable non-oxides, and the like, at low costs. The method includes preparing a composition comprising a self-propagating high temperature reactant, a polymer and a dispersant, wet-spinning the composition through a spinneret to form wet-spun yarns, washing and drying the wet-spun yarns to form polymer-self propagating high temperature reactant hollow yarns, and heat-treating the polymer-self propagating high temperature reactant hollow yarns to remove a polymeric component from the polymer-self propagating high temperature reactant hollow yarns while inducing self-propagating high temperature reaction of the self-propagating high temperature reactant to form inorganic hollow yarns. The composition comprises 45˜60 wt % of the self-propagating high temperature reactant, 6˜17 wt % of the polymer, 0.1˜4 wt % of the dispersant, and the balance of an organic solvent.

Abstract: In one aspect, there are provided methods for producing porous metallic structures, wherein the methods involve the use of collagen fibrils on the nanometer scale as a “sacrificial” scaffold upon which metal particles are deposited. Also disclosed are structures comprising a porous metallic matrix having favorable strength, porosity, and density characteristics. Structures produced in accordance with the present disclosure are useful for, inter alia, the fabrication of devices such as filters, heat exchangers, sound absorbers, electrochemical cathodes, fuel cells, catalyst supports, fluid treatment units, lightweight structures and biomaterials.

Abstract: A composite electric cable including a plurality of element wires twisted together. The element wires include a material wire formed of a composite material containing an aluminum material and carbon nanotubes dispersed in the aluminum material; the material wire has a cellulation structure including a wall portion containing the carbon nanotubes and an inside portion of the wall which is surrounded by the wall portion and which comprises the aluminum material and unavoidable impurities; the material wire has a ratio of carbon nanotube content to aluminum material content of 0.2 wt. % to 5 wt. %; and each of all the element wires forming the composite electric cable is the material wire, or the composite electric cable includes in a center portion thereof one or a plurality of steel wires.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a biomedical porous article wherein communicability between the pores in the porous article is ensured and a desired porosity can be easily obtained, the method comprising a plate-like thread cluster formation step in which a plate-like thread cluster is obtained by dispersing many metallic threads made of a biomedical metallic material along a flat surface and entangling them; a compressing step of compressing the plate-like thread cluster into a desired thickness; and a sintering step of sintering the plate-like thread cluster.

Abstract: A method of applying a physical barrier to suppress thermal decomposition near a surface of a thermoelectric material including applying a continuous metal foil to a predetermined portion of the surface of the thermoelectric material, physically binding the continuous metal foil to the surface of the thermoelectric material using a binding member, and heating in a predetermined atmosphere the applied and physically bound continuous metal foil and the thermoelectric material to a sufficient temperature in order to promote bonding between the continuous metal foil and the surface of the thermoelectric material. The continuous metal foil forms a physical barrier to enclose a predetermined portion of the surface. Thermal decomposition is suppressed at the surface of the thermoelectric material enclosed by the physical barrier when the thermoelectric element is in operation.

Abstract: A superconductive element containing magnesiumdiboride (=MgB2), comprising at least one superconductive filament (1) of a size between 5 and 500 micron, which is enclosed in a metallic matrix (2) and also comprising at least one highly conductive ohmic element (4),the superconducting filaments being separated from the matrix (2) and from the conductive ohmic element (4) by a protective metallic layer (3), the superconductive filament being formed by a reaction between boron (B) and magnesium (Mg) powders and boron carbide (=B4C) powders as a first additive is characterized in that one or more additional powder additives containing carbon are present in the reaction of the powder mixtures including Mg, B and B4C. The reaction of the powder mixture to MgB2 is carried out at temperatures between 500 and 760° C. leading to a maximum of the critical current density, Jc, at temperatures at 760° C. and below.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a MgB2 superconductor, comprising compacting and heating a mixture comprising Mg or MgH2 powder and B powder, wherein said mixture comprises SiC powder and an aromatic hydrocarbon, and a MgB2 superconductor having a higher critical current density (Jc) than that of the known MgB2 superconductors added SiC only or added an aromatic hydrocarbon only such as benzene.

Abstract: A capacitor-grade wire made from powder metallurgy containing at least niobium and silicon, wherein the niobium is the highest weight percent metal present in the niobium wire. The wire having a controlled tensile strength at finish diameter exceeds the strength of capacitor-grade wire formed by ingot metallurgy. Also, the powder metallurgy wire hardness exceeds capacitor-grade wire formed from ingot metallurgy with electrical leakage meeting the specifications normally applied to capacitor grade tantalum, niobium or niobium-zirconium lead wire at sinter temperatures of about 1150° C. and above.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sintered highly porous body comprising at least one layer that is made of a material, which can be sintered and which contains fibers. The aim of the invention is to provide a body of the aforementioned type with improved burn-off properties and values for the flame adherence. To this end, the fibers used are curved on one and/or both sides and they have a principal axis that is shorter than approximately 1 mm and a secondary axis that is shorter than approximately 200 &mgr;m, whereby the principal axis is longer than the secondary axis. The invention also relates to a method for producing the sintered porous bodies and to the use thereof.

Abstract: A method for recycling thoriated tungsten objects such as thoriated tungsten scrap resulting from the fabrication of electrodes for lamps. The thoriated tungsten objects are oxidized, homogenized by mixing and chemically reduced under a hydrogen gas atmosphere to form thoriated tungsten. This method eliminates the need to separate the tungsten from its dopants. The thoriated tungsten obtained as the end product is returned to the production process and is preferably used as a raw material for the production of welding electrodes or thoriated tungsten discharge lamp electrodes.

Abstract: An improved formed membrane and process of making is disclosed comprising the deposition of fine metallic fibers onto a formed substrate. The deposited fine fibers accumulate on the formed substrate to form a formed layer of membrane material. Catalytically active particles can be dispersed with the fine fibers. A nonporous mask can be applied to a portion of the formed substrate. The formed layer of membrane material is sintered for forming the formed membrane.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing metallic fibers. It comprises pre-treating metal powder of a predetermined size such that finally obtained metallic fibers can be separated with ease; elongating the pre-treated metal powder at a predetermined draw ratio by use of compression molding; and separating metallic fibers from the drawn metallic material. The metallic fibers can find various applications in the electrically conducing material industries, including fillers for conducting paints, pastes and plastics, metal catalysts, electrode materials, sound-absorbing plates, and filters.

Abstract: Formation of sintered metal fiber porous mats used as burner faces and filters comprises dispersing metal fibers in a viscous aqueous solution of one or more cellulose ethers, vacuum molding the dispersed metal fibers on a foraminous support, eliminating residual aqueous cellulose ether from the vacuum molded metal fiber porous mat, and sintering the mat. Water solutions of methylcellulose and/or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose having a viscosity of at least about 1500 centipoises are often used pursuant to this invention.

Abstract: Superconductor containing filaments having embedments of superconducting material surrounded by a rayon matrix are formed by preparing a liquid suspension which contains at least 10 weight percent superconducting material; forming a multicomponent filament having a core of the suspension and a viscose sheath which contains cellulose xanthate; and thereafter, regenerating cellulose from the cellulose xanthate to form a rayon matrix.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method is disclosed for sintering a matrix of elements such as fibers or particles by infrared heating. A multiplicity of the elements are arranged into a matrix of substantially randomly oriented elements to form a web. The web is irradiated with infrared energy for a period of time sufficient to sinter bond each of the elements to adjacent elements of the matrix randomly oriented elements.

Abstract: A starting material which is converted to a continuous body of an oxide superconductor by a heat treatment is filled in a tubular Ag sheath member. The diameter of the filled member is reduced by extrusion to form a wire. The wire is subjected to a heat treatment so that the starting material inside the sheath member is converted to a continuous body of an oxide superconductor. A superconducting wire constituted by the sheath member and the oxide superconductor filled inside the sheath member is obtained. A superconducting coil can be obtained by winding the superconducting wire.

Abstract: A method of making a potassium-doped tungsten powder is described comprising forming a mixture of ammonium paratungstate or ammonium metatungstate and a potassium-containing compound selected from a thermally unstable potassium-containing salt or a potassium tungstate, and reducing the mixture in a single step without adding additional dopants to form a potassium-doped tungsten powder. The potassium-doped tungsten powder produced by the method of this invention can be pressed, sintered and drawn to produce a non-sag tungsten wire.

Abstract: It has been discovered that potassium retention in NS tungsten processing may be improved by double doping tungsten blue oxide (TBO) prior to reduction. The novel `double-doping` process consists of dry doping standard singly doped K--Al--Si TBO with potassium nitrate, KNO.sub.3, followed by the standard reduction, acid washing, sintering, rolling and drawing steps. In another aspect, the novel method includes an aqueous extraction of heteropolytungstate anion [SiW.sub.11 O.sub.39 ].sup.8- from a sample of the singly doped tungsten blue oxide to predict potassium retention.

Abstract: The method of making the metal fiber sintered body includes making a coiled material by coiling a thin sheet of Fe--Cr--Al--La, Fe--Cr--Al--Y or Fe--Cr--Al--Ce stainless steel; making a tow of Fe--Cr--Al--La, Fe--Cr--Al--Y or Fe--Cr--Al--Ce continuous fibers by lathe turning an end face of the coiled material at a tool feed speed of from 5 to 40 .mu.m/rev; extending the tow in a width direction and cutting the tow with a roller type cutting assembly to form Fe--Cr--Al--La, Fe--Cr--Al--Y or Fe--Cr--Al--Ce stainless steel fibers having a fiber length of 20 to 200 mm; feeding the Fe--Cr--Al--La, Fe--Cr--Al--Y or Fe--Cr--Al--Ce stainless steel fibers having the fiber length of 20 to 200 mm to a conveyor; dropping the stainless steel fibers onto the conveyor and dispersing the stainless steel fibers by making an air current act on the stainless steel fibers; transporting the resulting sheet-shaped accumulation on the conveyor and compressing it to form a web and sintering the web.

Abstract: The invention, an incandescent light source, radiates a significantly larger portion of its power within the visible spectrum by enclosing an electrically heated tungsten filament, the radiant primary, within a cavity bounded by a two-layer refractory oxide composite, the radiant secondary. The scattering and absorption coefficients of both layers are manipulated such that the inner layer is substantially absorbing in both the visible and the IR, while the outer layer, though optically thick across the spectrum, is substantially absorbing (and therefore substantially emissive) in the visible while being highly reflective in the IR High temperature cavity radiation established by the radiant primary is absorbed by the inner layer of the secondary, thereby heating both layers such that they radiate brilliantly.

Abstract: A primary product comprising tungsten or molybdenum accommodated in a container 1 is heated at 500.degree. C. with 1000 atmospheric pressure in an Ar gas atmosphere and retained for 1 hour. According to the present invention, the crystal orientation in the (110) face can be 99% or more, and thus a material with a good electron radiation characteristic can be obtained.

Abstract: A method for making multi-channel structures suitable for use as filters, catalyst carriers or the like. A composite rod comprising an outer shell and an inner core is formed of respective mixtures of powders. The mixture for the outer shell comprises a sinterable powdered structural material such as ceramics, metals, intermetallics, and a powdered binder. The inner core comprises a powdered carbon channel-forming filler material such as graphite or amorphous carbon, and a powdered binder. The composite rod may be deformed, as by extrusion, to reduce its diameter. A bundle of composite rods is assembled and deformed, as by extrusion, to reduce the diameter of the bundle and of its component composite rods. Further bundles of the reduced diameter bundles of composite rods may be likewise deformed by extrusion to reduce further the diameter of the component composite rods of the successive bundles, thereby also increasing the number of such rods per given cross section area of the bundle.

Abstract: To essentially eliminate aluminum and silicon as contaminants in a doped tungsten wire, the tungsten wire is obtained by mechanical working of reduced tungsten blue oxide which contains as a primary or major constituent a special hexagonal ammonium tungsten bronze of the general formula (NH.sub.4).sub.X (NH.sub.3).sub.y WO.sub.3. A liquid doping step is carried out by adding a solution containing potassium nitrate, the special doped ammonium tungsten bronze forming preferably more than 70% by weight of the overall tungsten blue oxide. The special hexagonal ammonium tungsten bronze is made by decomposing ammonium paratungstate in an ammonium atmosphere, preferably at a temperature between about 400.degree. and 550.degree. C.

Abstract: To dope ammonium paratungstate with potassium, essentially devoid of silicon and ammonium, an aqueous potassium containing solution, preferably potassium hydroxide is added to an aqueous solution of ammonium paratungstate (APW), in a mol relationship of potassium to ammonium of between 0.1 and 10. A doped ammonium potassium paratungstate (AKPW) is obtained. This ammonium potassium paratungstate is then converted to tungsten blue oxide, which is reduced, preferably in a hydrogen containing atmosphere and a tungsten powder is then obtained which will be doped with 40 to 120 ppm, preferably about 90 ppm of potassium. Lamps equipped with tungsten wire filaments drawn from so doped tungsten have lifetimes at least 10% more than lamps with conventional tungsten filaments.

Abstract: A method for making multi-channel structures suitable for use as filters, catalyst carriers or the like.A composite rod comprising an outer shell and an inner core is formed of respective mixtures of powders. The mixture for the outer shell comprises a sinterable powdered structural material such as ceramics, metals, intermetallics, and a powdered binder such as paraffin, wax or polymer. The inner core comprises a powdered channel-forming filler material such as melamine or polymers, or soluble inorganic compounds or a metal that can differentially be removed from the structural material of the shell.The composite rod may be deformed, as by extrusion, to reduce its diameter. In any event, a bundle of composite rods is assembled and deformed, as by extrusion, to reduce the diameter of the bundle and of its component composite rods.

Abstract: A wire for fabrication of a vibration resistant filament for an incandescent lamp. The wire includes about 0.05-1.00 weight percent lanthanum oxide dispersed in a tungsten matrix and has a microstructure including stringers of fine particles of lanthanum oxide extending parallel to the wire axis. During primary recrystallization of a vibration resistant lamp filament from the filament wire, the stringers produce a microstructure in the filament exhibiting sufficient grain boundary segments extending generally axially along the length of the filament to render the filament resistant to vibration. A method for producing a vibration resistant filament for an incandescent lamp is also disclosed.

Abstract: A composite jet engine compressor ring is made by casting a tape reinforced with ceramic fibers, winding the cast tape around a mandrel to form an unconsolidated ring, heating the ring to drive off binder, and pressing at a high temperature to form a unitary composite ring. Compression of the ring in an axial direction during hot pressing results in a desired axial spacing between adjacent fibers. The tape is preferably cast from a mixture of titanium base metal particles and a polyisobutylene binder dissolved in an organic solvent.

Abstract: A method for producing a multifilamentary superconductor containing niobium-tin (Nb.sub.3 Sn). A fully bonded niobium/copper composite billet is formed having a plurality of longitudinally extending channels which are symmetrically distributed with reference to transverse cross-sections of the billet, each channel being filled with an inert removable filler material. The inert filler material is removed to open the longitudinally extending channels in the billet. Tin or a tin alloy is inserted into the channels, and the niobium/copper composite billet with the inserted tin or tin alloy is cold drawn to the desired final dimensions. The drawn composite is then heated to effect in situ formation of the niobium-tin.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an axisymmetric component made of a composite material having a metallic matrix is described in which at least one ceramic fiber and at least one wire of the metal which is to constitute the matrix are wound simultaneously side by side to form a number of layers on a suitably shaped mandrel and in such a manner as to ensure absence of contact between the fiber turns of each individual layer and between the fiber turns of adjacent layers, and the formed layers are subsequently subjected to hot isostatic compaction. The ceramic fiber may be of the silicon carbide type and the metal wire forming the matrix may be of titanium or titanium-alloy.

Abstract: Microcracks in fiber-reinforced/titanium aluminide matrix composite materials are inhibited by employing a matrix comprising a titanium aluminide alloy having (1) from ten to twelve atomic percent niobium and (2) a critical admixture of from two to six atomic percent of a member selected from a group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium. The tendency of the fiber/matrix interfacial reaction to increase the stability of the Alpha 2 phase in the matrix adjacent to the interface and the tendency to form a "beta phase depletion zone" are unexpectedly negated. Suppression of the beta depletion zone formation inhibits the formation and growth of interfacial microcracks, and allows the fabrication of crack-free titanium matrix composite materials. The need for an extraneous beta phase stabilization treatment at the fiber/matrix interface is eliminated.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a part made of a composite material having a metallic matrix, for example of titanium or a titanium based alloy, comprises depositing the matrix material on a continuous length of reinforcing fiber, for example of the SiC type, to produce a coating of a predetermined thickness, winding the thus coated fiber onto a former of suitable shape until a desired thickness is obtained, and then heating and isostatically compacting the wound coated fiber to produce the required part.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for fabricating a metal aluminide composite which comprises providing a metal aluminide, such as titanium aluminide, or a titanium aluminide alloy, and a reinforcing fiber material, such as silicon carbide fiber, and placing an interlayer or diffusion barrier layer in the form of a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper and gold, and alloys thereof, between the metal aluminide and the reinforcing fiber material. The interlayer metal can be a foil of the metal or in the form of a coating, such as a silver coating, on the reinforcing fiber material. The metal aluminide, the reinforcing fiber material, and the metal interlayer, e.g., in the form of a packet of a plurality of alternate layers of metal aluminide alloy and reinforcing fiber material, each layer being separated by the metal interlayer, is pressed and heated at an elevated temperature, e.g., ranging from about 900.degree. to about 1200.degree. C., at which diffusion bonding occurs.

Abstract: A superconductive ceramic wire material composed of rare earth elements, alkali earth metals, copper, and oxygen, which is obtained by mixing a powder containing oxides of the component elements of the superconductive ceramic with a solution containing organic compounds of the component elements, forming the mixture into a wire, and firing the wire in a temperature range from 850.degree. to 949.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a rugged, flexible, superconducting wire comprising: mixing a superconducting material, such as YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x, with a metallic powder to form a metal/superconductor mixture; and loading a metal shell or tube with the metal/superconductor mixture to form a superconducting wire. The superconducting wire may also be cold drawn and annealed to form a very dense wire. The metallic powder is either copper, copper alloy, aluminum or other face centered cubic element. Additionally, a superconducting wire may be formed by encapsulating a superconducting filament within a metal shell.

Abstract: A vibration-proof tungsten wire which forms, in cases where the diameter of the wire is D mm and when an electric current corresponding to 90% of the fusion current value is passed therethrough for 5 minutes, a wire havinga crystal grain boundary at which bubbles of 0.3 .mu.m or less in diameter are dispersed in bubble rows with lengths of (0.39/D).sup.2 .times.3 .mu.m or more arrayed in the wire axis direction of said crystal grain boundary, and bubbles of 0.2 .mu.m or less in diameter are randomly dispersed; anda crystal grain in which bubbles of 0.3 .mu.m or less in diameter are dispersed in rows with lengths of (0.39/D).sup.2 .times.30 .mu.m or more arrayed in the wire axis direction within said crystal grain, and bubbles of 0.2 .mu.m or less are randomly dispersed;a process for preparing the same; and a tungsten filament obtained from the above-defined wire. The doped tungsten wire of this invention possesses excellent vibration-proof property on lighting as well as high reliability.

Abstract: A method for forming non-equilibrium and/or metastable metallic or non-metallic powder, foil or fine wire material into a solid body comprises charging the material into a metal container, subjecting the metal container containing the material to rolling at a temperature at which the inherent properties of the material are maintained, and thereafter removing the metal container.

Abstract: A hybrid superconductive fiber or strand comprises at least two layers surrounding a core wherein the fiber or strand comprises two superconductive materials. One of the superconductive materials is a Chevrel phase, optionally doped, which constitutes one of the layers or the core. The other superconductive material, other than the Chevrel phase, constitutes another layer, optionally lacunar, or the core.

Abstract: A tantalum lead wire for capacitors having improved grain growth characteristics is disclosed. The lead preferably comprises a Niobium core having a surface consisting of many discrete layers of Tantalum surrounding the Niobium.

Abstract: A process for preparing a porous metal plate is disclosed which is adapted to use short metal fiber to prepare the plate. The process is capable of providing a porous metal plate which has increased bending strength and porosity, of which the porosity and thickness are controlled as desired and which has a wide and lengthy shape. The so-formed porous metal plate is capable of being extensively utilized, for example, not only as a filter and a sound absorption material but for a fuel cell, a catalyst and the like. It is formed by applying adhesive onto a surface of a substrate, and embedding short metal fibers in the adhesive. The composite thus formed is then pressed, to push over the short metal fibers, and the composite is then sintered. The substrate is a material which is capable of being burned out, or is a metal net, or is a release paper, so that the final plate will be porous throughout.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a superconducting wire, using, e.g., Chevrel phases as superconductors, in particular PbMo.sub.6 S.sub.8. Until now, it was not possible to produce superconducting wires from such materials in a technically usable quality. According to the process of the invention, the superconducting Chevrel phase is loaded vacuum-tight into a molybdenum shell and the unit is advantageously sealed in another jacket made of steel. The powdery superconducting phase has an average grain size of less than 1 .mu.m. For shaping the superconducting wire, the unit is extruded in a first process step at temperatures between 1000.degree. and 1600.degree. C. and reduced in cross section in excess of 1:10, and subsequently further treated in a plurality of process steps by additional extruding and/or hot drawing.

Abstract: An electrical contact material characterized by a pressed and sintered powder of silver composite with about 5 weight percent of graphite fibers.

Abstract: The mentioned ceriated tungsten material is a non-radioactive, hardly consumable or nonconsumable matallic electrode material, utilized in the inert gas shield arc welding, plasma welding, cutting, spray coating and smelting. It can also be used as electrodes for laser transmitting source and gas discharging light source. Moreover, the said material can be utilized to make as the cathodic filament used in film deposition by electronic beam under vacuum, etc. This invention employs the technique of powder metallurgy, by strictly controlling the processing parameters to fabricate the ceriated-tungsten material, containing 1.0-4.5%* ceric oxide. Thereby, the difficulties, that had been existed for quite a long time of its processing brittleness in forging the ceriated tungsten material over 1.0%, have now been satisfactorily overcome.

Abstract: A tantalum lead wire for capacitors having improved grain growth characteristics is disclosed. The lead preferably comprises a Niobium core having a surface consisting of many discrete layers of Tantalum surrounding the Niobium.