Different Temperatures Patents (Class 419/54)
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Patent number: 5009842Abstract: High strength steel parts or articles are made from a powder alloy by compacting the powder into a preform, sintering the preform in a sintering furnace or the like under a highly-reducing atmosphere and at a temperature of at least 1150.degree. C., cooling the preform, preheating the sintered preform in a highly-reducing atmosphere, such as an inert gas-based atmosphere containing hydrogen or pure hydrogen, to a temperature of at least 1000.degree. C. and transferring the preheated preform to an impact forging device and impacting the preform at a peak averaging forging pressure of at least about 1000 MPa to obtain a forged part or article. The time period between removal of the preheated preform from the preheater and the first forging impact is no more than about 8 seconds. The sintering and preheating steps can be combined with the sintered preform being cooled to the preheating temperature in the sintering furnace and transferred directly from the sintering furnace to the impact forging device.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1990Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: Board of Control of Michigan Technological UniversityInventors: Alfred A. Hendrickson, Darrell W. Smith
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Patent number: 5009704Abstract: A nickel-based superalloy article formed from particles of the superalloy is processed to have a microstructure which is resistant to failure when processed using high strain thermomechanical processes. Articles having the desired microstrucuture are produced by hot isostatically pressing powder of the superalloy in a specified temperature range bounded by the incipient melting temperature as a minimum and the solvus temperature of stable high temperature phases. The compact is held under pressure in the specified temperature range to diffuse deleterious phases which exist as a result of the initial powder atomization operation. The powder compact thus formed can be processed using conventional processes to produce material for subsequent thermomechanical processing using high strain rate forging equipment and retain the benefits of chemical uniformity and cleanliness associated with traditional powder metal processes.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 1989Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: Allied-Signal Inc.Inventor: Anthony Banik
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Patent number: 5009706Abstract: Rare-earth alloy anisotropic powders consist of, in atomic percent, over 12 percent and not more than 20 percent of R (R is at least one on neodymium and praseodymium or at least one of them and or more rare-earth elements), not less than 4 percent and not more than 10 percent of boron, not less than 0.05 percent and not more than 5 percent of copper and the rest that consists of iron and unavoidable impurities. Up to 20 percent of the iron contained is replaceable with cobalt. The alloy powders are made up of flat crystal grains having mean thickness h (the shortest measure), d not smaller than 0.01 .mu.m and not larger than 0.5 .mu.m and ratio d/h not smaller than 2, where d is the means measure of the grains taken at right angles to the widthwide direction thereof, and the alloy powders are magnetically anisotropic.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 1990Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Hiroaki Sakamoto, Masahiro Fujikura, Toshio Mukai
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Patent number: 5008071Abstract: A consolidated tungsten alloy body consisting essentially of from about 70% to about 98% by weight of tungsten, balance nickel and iron in essentially an 8:2 weight ratio. A process for producing the consolidated bodies where the tungsten content is greater than about 88% by weight comprises forming a relative uniform blend of the described metal powders, compacting the powders to form a green body then liquid phase sintering the green body to full density. For alloys containing less than about 90% tungsten solid state sintering can be used.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1988Date of Patent: April 16, 1991Assignee: GTE Products CorporationInventors: James R. Spencer, James A. Mullendore
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Patent number: 5002728Abstract: A method of manufacturing a soft magnetic Fe-Si alloy sintered product comprising a step of injection molding a composition comprising an Fe-Si powder mixture blended so as to contain from 1 to 10% by weight of Si and the substantial balance of Fe and a binder a step of applying binder-removal under heating to the resultant green body and applying a degassing and Si-diffusing; and a step of subsequently applying sintering. The sintered product is, preferably, applied with further heating for obtaining better soft magnetic property. Soft magnetic property of the sintered products is as comparable with or superior to products by conventional powder metallurgy.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1989Date of Patent: March 26, 1991Assignee: Sumitomo Metal Mining Company, Ltd.Inventors: Masakazu Achikita, Shinichi Sogame
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Patent number: 5000909Abstract: A composite comprised of a sintered matrix of spinel ferrite and a non-exposed continuous phase of elemental silver or Ag-Pd alloy ranging to 25 atomic % Pd is produced by co-firing a laminated structure of ferrite powder-containing tapes containing non-exposed metallization-forming material. The composite can be formed into a composite product which contains a continuous silver or Ag-Pd alloy phase with two end portions wherein only the end portions are exposed.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1990Date of Patent: March 19, 1991Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Richard J. Charles, Achuta R. Gaddipati
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Patent number: 4996022Abstract: A sintered body is produced by a process comprising the steps of mixing one or more metal powder particles with an organic binder, injection-molding the mixture to form a green body of a predetermined shape, removing the binder from the green body to form a porous body substantially made of the metal powder, and heating the porous body to a sintering temperature and holding it at that temperature to produce a sintered body, in which process the binder is removed through the sequence of the following steps: preheating the green body in an inert gas atmosphere in a temperature range that creates open pores in it; placing the green body, in which open pores have started to form, in a hydrogen gas atmosphere optionally mixed with an inert gas; holding the green body in a temperature range where the metal powder is not carburized and where the open pores will be maintained, so that the greater part of the binder is removed to form a porous body that is substantially made of the metal powder alone; and further holdType: GrantFiled: July 10, 1990Date of Patent: February 26, 1991Assignees: Juki Corporation, Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd.Inventors: Norikazu Shindo, Tomoyuki Sekine, Yoshikatsu Nakamura, Takashi Kawamoto
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Patent number: 4992238Abstract: Process for shaping and improving the mechanical properties of blanks produced by powder metallurgy from an alloy with increased high-temperature strength by extrusion, and the deformation is successively performed in at least two temperature ranges different from one another or in two phases, in that the blank (2) is first reduced in its cross section at a temperature T.sub.1 and then is either agin reduced in at a lower temperature T.sub.2 or is deformed at a temperature T.sub.3 under counterpressure so that its cross section is further widened. T.sub.3 can be smaller than or equal to T.sub.1.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1989Date of Patent: February 12, 1991Assignee: Asea Brown Boveri Ltd.Inventors: Malcolm Couper, Reinhard Fried
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Patent number: 4992234Abstract: An improved method is proposed for the preparation of a sintered permanent magnet of a rare earth-iron-boron alloy having remarkably improved magnetic properties and stability by the powder metallurgical process. The scope of the inventive method consists in the particle size classification of the alloy powder for compression molding into a powder compact to be sintered, by which particles having a finer particle diameter and, preferably, a coarser particle diameter than the respective critical values are removed so as to effectively prevent oxidation of the too fine particles and improving the magnetic orientation of the particles as well as the sintering behavior of the particles.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1990Date of Patent: February 12, 1991Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ken Ohashi, Masanobu Shimao
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Patent number: 4990410Abstract: A surface refined sintered alloy with a burnt surface, comprising 75 to 95% by weight of a hard phase containing Ti, C and N as the essential components and otherwise comprising at least one of Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W and the balance of the alloy comprising a binder phase composed mainly of Co and/or Ni and inevitable impurities, wherein the sintered alloy satisfies at least two conditions selected from the group consisting of the following (1) to (3):(1) the average grain size of the hard phase in a surface layer to the inner portion of 0.05 mm from the burnt surface of the sintered alloy is 0.8 to 1.2-fold of the average grain size of the hard phase in the inner portion of the sintered alloy excluding the surface layer;(2) the average content of the binder phase in the surface layer to the inner portion of 0.05 mm from the burnt surface of the sintered alloy is 0.7 to 1.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 1989Date of Patent: February 5, 1991Assignee: Toshiba Tungaloy Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takeshi Saitoh, Tuyoshi Saito, Mitsuo Ueki, Hisashi Suzuki, Keiichi Kobori
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Patent number: 4988480Abstract: The proposed invention is used for the manufacture from the obtained composite of cutting tools, hard alloy tooling, dies and other products. A method according to the invention involves preparing a mixture, compacting it, placing the mixture into a synthesis zone, igniting the mixture, with subsequent reaction of components of the mixture under combustion conditions. Then cure is carried out during a period ranging from about 0.1 seconds to about 0.5 hours, and the hot combustion products are compacted under pressure at an average pressure rise rate ranging from about 10 to about 2000 kgf/cm.sup.2.s, with subsequent cure of the compacted product under isobaric conditions to complete homogenization of the composite, with subsequent cooling thereof to obtain an end composite.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1990Date of Patent: January 29, 1991Inventors: Alexandr G. Merzhanov, Inna P. Borovinskaya, Alexandr N. Pitjulin, Viktor I. Ratnikov, Konstantin L. Epishin, Vadim L. Kvanin
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Patent number: 4989153Abstract: A sintering machine for applying heat and pressure to a die retained between two plate sets, includes a temperature sensor, a position sensor and a pressure sensor which are all connected to a computer for sensing the temperature of and pressure applied to the die, as well as the position of a movable one of the plate sets. This information is used to control a power supply unit which supplies current through the die to heat the die, and a hydraulic press for moving the movable one of the plate sets. Pressure and temperature are controlled in a discontinuous fashion during discrete intervals until a selected final temperature and pressure are reached. This more closely controls the sintering process over earlier systems which applied continously increasing temperature and pressure to the die.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1988Date of Patent: January 29, 1991Assignee: Sintris S.r.L.Inventor: Giuseppe Bonvini
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Patent number: 4988386Abstract: A copper-tungsten mixture net-shaped product produced using powder metallurgical techniques with injection molding and liquid phase sintering. The product has a very low leak rate in helium gas, a high thermal conductivity and a rate of thermal expansion which is substantially the same as some glass and ceramic materials.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1988Date of Patent: January 29, 1991Assignee: Fine Particles Technology CorporationInventors: James B. Oenning, Ian S. R. Clark
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Patent number: 4985071Abstract: A process for producing a thin film of a base metal on a substrate which comprises thermally decomposing in oxidative atmosphere an organic or inorganic compound containing a base metal compound formed on a substrate to form the oxide of the metal and then reducing the oxide by heat-treating it in reductive atmosphere. A temperature sensor, magnetic sensor, and ceramic wiring substrate utilizing the base metal thin film.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1989Date of Patent: January 15, 1991Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Munehiro Tabata, Chiharu Hayashi, Yasuhito Isozaki, Kazuyuki Okano, Yo Hasegawa
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Patent number: 4983354Abstract: A tungsten carbide powder and cemented tungsten carbide article made from the powder are disclosed. The powder has a particle size of greater than 20 micrometers in diameter and no particles less than one-half the average particle size or greater than two and one-half times the average particle size.Type: GrantFiled: February 10, 1989Date of Patent: January 8, 1991Assignee: GTE Products CorporationInventors: David A. Reeder, Carlos Lopez, Jack L Burwick
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Patent number: 4979984Abstract: A process is claimed for the manufacture of an insert. The process includes the steps of filling a die cavity defined by a die mold with powdered metal, the die cavity conforming to the required shape of the insert. The powdered metal is compressed within the die cavity such that a compact of the insert is formed within the die cavity. The compact is sintered within a sintering furnace so that a first porton of the compact is in the solid phase and a second portion of the compact is in the liquid phase. The compact is rapidly cooled within the sintering furnace to a temperature below the melting point of the powdered metal. Such temperature is maintained so that densification of the first portion to substantially full density is achieved. The arrangement is such that the profile integrity of the compact is retained. the resltant insert is then subsequently cooled.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1990Date of Patent: December 25, 1990Assignee: Inserts Ltd.Inventor: Linwood R. Anderson
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Patent number: 4980126Abstract: A single step is relied on in the canning process for hot isostatic pressing metallurgy composites. The composites are made from arc-sprayed and plasma sprayed monotape. The HIP can is of compatible refractory metal and is sealed at high vacuum and temperature. This eliminates out-gassing during hot isostatic pressing.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 1989Date of Patent: December 25, 1990Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationInventor: John J. Juhas
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Patent number: 4980122Abstract: A superplastic composite material is produced by thoroughly and homogeneously mixing particles or whiskers of silicon nitride and aluminum metal powder in a solvent, then removing the solvent from the resultant mixture, sintering the residual mixture at an elevated temperature, further compressing it at an elevated temperature, then hot extrusion-molding the compressed mixture thereby forming a shaped article, and heat-treating this shaped article.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1990Date of Patent: December 25, 1990Assignee: Agency of Industrial Science & Technology, Ministry of International Trade & IndustryInventors: Tsunemichi Imai, Mamoru Mabuchi
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Patent number: 4975035Abstract: The cathode-forming method involves incorporating cobalt into a nickel plaque so that the exposed surfaces and the pores of the nickel plaque are uniformly covered with cobalt. The plaque is then treated to form nickel hydroxide in the pores and on the surfaces thereof. The cobalt is thus diposed at the interfacial boundary of the nickel plaque and nickel hydroxide so as to reduce the impedance and enhance charge conduction of the cathode. The mode of incorporation can vary. Thus, the sintered nickel plaque can be soaked in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble salt of cobalt, such as cobalt nitrate, then dried and resintered. Another mode involves dispersing a water-soluble cobalt salt in an aqueous slurry of nickel particles and water-soluble binder for the particles. The nickel particles are thus uniformly covered with the dissolved cobalt salt and then are compacted into a plaque. The plaque is dried and finally sintered.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1989Date of Patent: December 4, 1990Inventors: Jerry Kuklinski, Phillip G. Russell
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Patent number: 4973355Abstract: The invention relates to sintered hard metals having high cutting properties, particularly plastic deformation resistance at high temperatures, crater resistance and the like, suitable for use as cutting tools, wear resistant tools and materials for dies, and the method for producing the same. The invention has for an object to obtain both sintered hard metals having the aforesaid high properties by sintering metallic components comprising IVa group metals, VIa group metals or metals of both groups substituted by Va group metals up to 60 mol % respectively, a B-1 type solid solution hard phase consisting of non-metallic components of C, N and O, and a metallic bonding phase, in a CO gas atmosphere, and to sintered hard metals in which an uniform hardness is imparted to the surface and interior thereof by the method of sintering the said sintered hard metal in a CO gas atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1988Date of Patent: November 27, 1990Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Kunihiro Takahashi, Toshio Nomura, Takaharu Yamamoto
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Patent number: 4970050Abstract: A method of producing a sintered, very high density dental prosthesis from a suspension containing noble-metal powder mixtures with bi or multimodal particle-size distribution and a mixing liquid. The suspension is molded to the desired shape and then the dental prosthesis is dried. The molded dental prosthesis is then heat-treated 5 to 45 minutes between 100.degree. and 400.degree. C., then heated with an average temperature elevation of 50 to 300 K/min. to 800.degree. C. and then brought to the sintering temperature T at 20 to 200 K/min. The sintering temperature T is between T.sub.solidus - 200) and T.sub.solidus - 70), whereby T.sub.solidus is the solidus temperature of the sintered alloy. The cooling-down of the dental prosthesis takes place under a vacuum or a protective gas.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1989Date of Patent: November 13, 1990Inventors: Werner Groll, Angela Klaus, Thomas Lange
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Patent number: 4968347Abstract: A high energy rare earth-ferromagnetic metal permanent magnet is disclosed which is characterized by improved intrinsic coercivity and is made by forming a particulate mixture of a permanent magnet alloy comprising one or more rare earth elements and one or more ferromagnetic metals and forming a second particulate mixture of a sintering alloy consisting essentially of 92-98 wt. % of one or more rare earth elements selected from the class consisting of Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and mixtures of two or more of such rare earth elements, and 2-8 wt. % of one or more alloying metals selected from the class consisting of Al, Nb, Zr, V, Ta, Mo, and mixtures of two or more of such metals. The permanent magnet alloy particles and sintering aid alloy are mixed together and magnetically oriented by immersing the mixture in an axially aligned magnetic field while cold pressing the mixture.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1988Date of Patent: November 6, 1990Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Ramamoorthy Ramesh, Gareth Thomas
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Patent number: 4964907Abstract: A process is provided for the production of a sintered body. The process includes the following consecutive steps: (i) mixing and kneading one or more metal powders and/or one or more alloy powder with a binder into a compound, said metal and alloy powders having an average particle size not greater than 30 .mu.m, (ii) injection-molding the compound into a green body; (iii) debinding the green body to form a debound body; and (iv) subjecting the debound body to first-stage sintering at 1,050.degree.-1,250.degree. C. in a reducing or reduced-pressure atmosphere and then to second-stage sintering at a temperature in a range of 1,100.degree.-1,400.degree. C. which is higher than that of the first-stage sintering. This process can provide sintered Ti bodies and sintered magnetic bodies of the Fe-Si type, which have a density ratio of at least 95%.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 1989Date of Patent: October 23, 1990Assignee: Kawasaki Steel Corp.Inventors: Yoshisato Kiyota, Junichi Ohta, Hiroshi Ohtsubo, Shigeaki Takajo
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Patent number: 4963321Abstract: There are disclosed a surface sintered alloy with a burnt surface, comprising 75 to 95% by weight of a hard phase containing Ti, C and N as the essential components and otherwise comprising at least one of Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W and the balance of the alloy comprising a binder phase composed mainly of Co and/or Ni and inevitable impurities, wherein the sintered alloy satisfies at least one condition selected from the group consisting of the following (1) to (3):(1) the average grain size of the hard phase in a surface layer to the inner portion of 0.05 mm from the burnt surface of the sintered alloy is 0.8 to 1.2-fold of the average grain size of the hard phase in the inner portion of the sintered alloy excluding the surface layer;(2) the average content of the binder phase in the surface layer to the inner portion of 0.05 mm from the burnt surface of the sintered alloy is 0.7 to 1.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1989Date of Patent: October 16, 1990Assignee: Toshiba Tungaloy Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takeshi Saitoh, Tuyoshi Saito, Mitsuo Ueki, Hisashi Suzuki, Keiichi Kobori
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Patent number: 4963320Abstract: A method for producing an anisotropic rare earth magnet is improved by applying compressing stress on a free surface of an compacted material at the time of extruding the compacted material in order to prevent forming cracks, and improved by using a double action punch provided with a core punch and a sleeve punch so as to mold a compacted material and extrude the compacted material into the anisotropic magnet material in a single heat process continuously.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1990Date of Patent: October 16, 1990Assignee: Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Makoto Saito, Teruo Watanabe, Shinichiro Yahagi, Yasuaki Kasai, Norio Yoshikawa, Yutaka Yoshida, Toshiya Kinami, Hiyoshi Yamada
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Patent number: 4961902Abstract: A method for manufacturing ceramic/metal or ceramic/ceramic composite articles is disclosed. The articles can be useful for the production of aluminum in fused salt electrolysis cells, as armour plates for the protection against projectiles, cutting tools, or in abrasion resistance applications. The temperature slope of the process if optimized such that one of the reactants in the manufacturing proceeds through peritectic decomposition at a heating rate of low temperature increase for desirably uniform temperature distribution over the reaction mixture. Then the temperature increase is greatly elevated to obtain a reaction sintering condition for avoiding grain growth of undesired reaction products. Elevated temperature reaction sintering conditions can be maintained to decompose undesired components before they are entrapped by the reaction product.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1987Date of Patent: October 9, 1990Assignee: Eltech Systems CorporationInventors: Thomas M. Clere, Gholamreza J. Abbaschian, Douglas J. Wheeler, Albert L. Barnes
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Patent number: 4954166Abstract: The pyrophoric fines inevitably resulting from the crushing of zirconium and/or hafnium or other exotic metal fines, such as titanium and uranium, are brought into contact with molten magnesium or a molten mixture of magnesium and magnesium chloride in the usual vacuum distillation furnace so that their surfaces are wetted by the molten material, after which furnace temperature is dropped to solidify the molten material about the fines. Furnace temperature is then raised to that required to vaporize the magnesium and magnesium chloride, whereupon sintering of the fines takes place over a period of time.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1989Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.Inventors: Hani A. M. Abodishish, Randy W. Wahlquist, Dale A. Lopez
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Patent number: 4948426Abstract: A sintering metal powder consisting of metal particles having a particle diameter distribution including a plurality of peaks. The larger of the two particle diameters at every adjoining two, respectively, of the peaks has a ratio of between 5 and 10 to the smaller. The height of one of every adjoining two of the peaks has a ratio of between 1 and 5 to that of the other that is not higher than the one peak. The particle diameter at one of every adjoining two of the peaks which is not higher than the other is smaller than that at the other peak. The particle diameter at the highest peak is between 30 and 80 microns. A process for making a sintered product from such a powder is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1990Date of Patent: August 14, 1990Assignee: Sumitomo Metal Mining Company LimitedInventors: Yutaka Kato, Yoshio Kijima
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Patent number: 4938799Abstract: The invention relates to heavy tungsten-nickel-iron alloys with high mechanical characteristics and a specific gravity between 15.6 and 18. The alloys include a tungsten .alpha.-phase in the shape of butterfly wings with dislocation cells of dimensions between 0.1 and 1 .mu.m, and a nickel-iron bonding .gamma.-phase having a mean free path of less than 15 .mu.m and an Ni/Fe ratio greater than or equal to 2.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1988Date of Patent: July 3, 1990Assignee: Cime BocuzeInventor: Guy Nicolas
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Patent number: 4937042Abstract: A mixture of two powdered alloys of the M, Cr, Al type, M being Co and/or Ni, is disclosed, in one form, for use in providing an abradable surface of an article and is characterized by the substantial absence of B. The first alloy has substantially no Si and has a higher melting range than that of the second alloy. The second alloy has substantially no Y and consists essentially of, by weight, 8-12% Si, 1.5-4% Al, 10-30%Cr, with the balance M and incidental impurities. The total mixture composition consists essentially of, by weight, 10-35% Cr, 4-10% Al, from a small but effective amount up to about 0.09% Y, 2-6% Si, with the balance M and incidental impurities.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1989Date of Patent: June 26, 1990Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Roger J. Perkins, Murray S. Smith, Jr.
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Patent number: 4923512Abstract: Cobalt-bound tungsten carbide metal matrix composites having a unique microstructure are produced by consolidating partially sintered greenware under high pressures, e.g., 120,000 psi, at temperatures less than those used for conventional liquid phase sintering in a relatively short time, e.g., from less than one minute to less than about one hour. The composites have a binder phase which contains less than about 80 weight percent of the tungsten found in a composite prepared from the same or similar compositions via liquid phase sintering. These composites provide cutting tools with both toughness and wear resistance which exceed that of cutting tools made from the same or similar compositions via liquid phase sintering.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1989Date of Patent: May 8, 1990Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Ed E. Timm, Douglas B. Schwarz
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Patent number: 4923513Abstract: A carefully controlled amount of hydrogen is diffused into titanium or its alloys at an elevated temperature above the transformation temperature. After the elevated temperature is maintained for an approprate duration of time, eutectoid transformation is performed in an inert atmosphere, again for an appropriate period of time, during which or alternatively after which the hydrogen is removed and the metal cooled to room temperature. A sintered titanium alloy component of the type intended for use as a joint replacement subjected to such a treatment displays a fatigue strength which is noticeably improved over a similar article with an equiaxed or lamellar microstructure.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1989Date of Patent: May 8, 1990Assignee: Boehringer Mannheim CorporationInventors: Paul Ducheyne, David H. Kohn
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Patent number: 4921666Abstract: A process for high efficiency hot isostatic pressing in a hot isostatic pressing treatment for sintering or densifying a ceramic or metallic work in a high temperature and high pressure gas atmosphere, comprising preheating the work outside a high pressure vessel prior to the hot isostatic pressing treatment, transferring the preheated work as surrounded with the gas in a hot state into the high pressure vessel, then treating the work at high temperature and high pressure in a gas atmosphere, thereafter taking out the work from the high pressure vessel together with the gas atmosphere, then cooling the work if necessary, and subsequently taking it out from the gas atmosphere, as well as an apparatus for practicing the above process, wherein a treating chamber for effecting the hot isostatic pressing treatment is covered with a hermetic casing, and at least one valve mechanism capable of providing communication and cut-off between the interior and exterior of the treating chamber is provided in each of upper aType: GrantFiled: November 29, 1984Date of Patent: May 1, 1990Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko ShoInventor: Takahiko Ishii
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Patent number: 4917859Abstract: The present invention provides a dewaxing process for metal powder compact which comprises the steps of embeding in alumina powder an injection-molded metal powder compact consisting of metal powder and an organic binder including low melting point substances; heating the embeded compact to a temperature of 200.degree. C. in a chemically inert atmosphere in a dewaxing furnace, thereby removing the low melting point substances from the compact without deformation of the compact; placing the compact in a closed sintering vessel so as to keep the surrounding temperature constant and disposing the vessel in a vacuum furnace; evacuating the vacuum furnace; and removing the organic binder by heating to a temperature of 550.degree. to 650.degree. C. at a heating rate of 300.degree. to 600.degree. C./hr while supplying an inert gas into the vacuum furnace.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 1989Date of Patent: April 17, 1990Assignee: Mitsubishi Steel Mfg. Co., Ltd.Inventor: Kazunori Hamo
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Patent number: 4915899Abstract: The invention comprises a process for co-sintering of conductors of copper or copper-based alloy and a ceramic substrate, the substrate being produced from a ceramic powder of cordierite type, having a sintering temperature of lower than 950.degree. C.The process comprises the following steps:(a) shaping of the ceramic substrate from a powder of cordierite type,(b) deposit of copper on the ceramic substrate, and(c) co-sintering heat treatment, during which the organic compounds are removed, the copper is regenerated in a reducing atmosphere, and co-sintering of the conductors and the substrate is carried out in a flow of moist inert gas with a plateau at a temperature of between 1065.degree. and 1080.degree. C.The process according to the invention makes it possible to produce substrates of cordierite with internal and external conductors.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1989Date of Patent: April 10, 1990Assignee: Pechiney Recherche Groupement d'Interet EconomiqueInventors: Veronique Oliver, Jean-Louis Guille, Jean-Claude Bernier, Claude Drapier
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Patent number: 4913739Abstract: A process for the powder metallurgical production of structural parts of high strength and hardness from silicon-manganese or silicon-manganese-carbon alloyed steels. The alloying elements Si and Mn or Si, Mn and C are mixed, in powder form, by way of the alloy carriers ferrosilicon, ferromanganese or a silicon-manganese-iron master alloy containing silicon and manganese in the ranges from 10 to 30 weight percent Si, 20 to 70 weight percent Mn, remainder Fe, with an iron powder and when carbon is present with graphite, to form a powder mixture. The powder mixture is compressed and sintered at a temperature in a range from 1150.degree. C. to 1250.degree. C. and then cooled.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1985Date of Patent: April 3, 1990Assignee: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbHInventors: Fritz Thummler, Aloisio N. Klein, Rainer Oberacker
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Patent number: 4911626Abstract: A long life high current density cathode is made from a mixture of tungsten nd iridium powders by processing the mixture of powders with an activator into a porus billet, and then impregnating the billet with a mixture of barium peroxide and a coated emitter by firing the billet in a dry hydrogen furnace at a temperature at which the impregnant melts.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1989Date of Patent: March 27, 1990Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Louis E. Branovich, Bernard Smith, Gerard L. Freeman, Donald W. Eckart
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Patent number: 4906529Abstract: A method is provided for producing an erosion-resistant layer or coating on the surface of a metallic workpiece. The method includes providing a thermally sprayable alloy of Ni-Cr-Fe-B-Si and thermally spraying the alloy on the workpiece to a specified thickness, following which the sprayed-on layer is heated in vacuum to a temperature between 250.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. for a time at the stated temperature of about 5 to 30 minutes sufficient to effect degassing of the layer. The temperature of the layer is thereafter raised to a range of about 800.degree. C. to 950.degree. C. and maintained at that temperature in vacuum for between 5 to 30 minutes. The temperature at the layer is then raised to between 900.degree. C. and 1100.degree. C. under a protctive atmoshpere at a pressure of between 200 to 600 mm Hg to effect fursion of the layer at above its melting point, following which the coated metallic workpiece is finally cooled to room temperature under the protective atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1987Date of Patent: March 6, 1990Assignee: Castolin S.A.Inventors: Niels Brundbjerg, Wolfgang Simm
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Patent number: 4904538Abstract: A single step is relied on in the canning process for hot isostatic pressing powder metallurgy composites. The binders are totally removed while the HIP can of compatible refractory metal is sealed at high vacuum and temperature. This eliminates out-gassing during hot isostatic pressing.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1989Date of Patent: February 27, 1990Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationInventor: John J. Juhas
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Patent number: 4904537Abstract: An improved process and an improved composite bearing material produced thereby comprising a hard metal backing strip having leaded-bronze bearing lining tenaciously bonded to at least one face surface thereof and wherein the bearing lining is characterized by having the lead constituent thereof substantially uniformly distributed throughout the lining matrix in the form of extremely fine-sized particles providing improved operating characteristics to the bearing materials fabricated therefrom.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1987Date of Patent: February 27, 1990Assignee: Federal-Mogul CorporationInventor: Michael D. Lytwynec
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Patent number: 4895699Abstract: A cathode is made from a mixture of tungsten and iridium powders using a ction product formed from reacting barium peroxide with an excess of tungsten as the impregnant.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1989Date of Patent: January 23, 1990Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Louis E. Branovich, Gerard L. Freeman, Bernard Smith, Donald W. Eckart
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Patent number: 4892703Abstract: A surface structure of A1N substrate comprising:an A1N substrate,an intermediate layer disposed on the A1N substrate, anda metallized layer disposed on said intermediate layer, said intermediate layer comprising at least aluminum, nitrogen and oxygen. The metallized layer has a main component of one of Mo-Mn alloy, Mo and W, and has a thickness of 1-20 .mu.m,This surface structure is produced by coating a surface of A1N substrate with metallizing layer components, heat treating the resultant coated substrate at a temperature of 200.degree.-500.degree. C. under an oxidizing atmosphere, and further heating the heat treated coated substrate at a temperature of 1200.degree.-1400.degree. C. under a nonoxidizing atmosphere having a dew point of -35.degree.to 5.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 1989Date of Patent: January 9, 1990Assignee: NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd.Inventors: Satoshi Iio, Akiyasu Okuno
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Patent number: 4889685Abstract: A titanium composite having a coil-shaped skeletal structure on the surface, comprising a titanium or titanium alloy substrate and one or more layers of a coil-shaped skeletal titanium or titanium alloy structure that is firmly attached to the surface of said substrate and a process for producing a titanium composite having a coil-shaped skeletal structure on a surface of a titanium or titanium alloy substrate, which comprises: providing a coating composition which is a mixture of a titanium or titanium alloy powder with a binder; applying said composition in such a manner that titanium or titanium alloy coils which are to form the coil-shaped skeletal structure are firmly attached to both themselves and to the titanium or titanium alloy substrate; the heating the assembly either in vacuo or in an inert atmosphere so that the titanium or titanium alloy powder in the applied coating composition is sintered to have the coil-shaped skeletal titanium or titanium alloy structure attached firmly onto the titanium oType: GrantFiled: November 28, 1986Date of Patent: December 26, 1989Assignee: Permelec Electrode Ltd.Inventors: Takayuki Shimamune, Masashi Hosonuma
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Patent number: 4888068Abstract: A process for manufacturing a rare earth-iron-boron alloy permanent magnet by, after sintering, keeping the sintered alloy at temperatures of 750.degree.-1000.degree. C. for 0.2-5 hours, slowly cooling it at a cooling rate of 0.3.degree.-5.degree. C./min. to temperatures between room temperature and 600.degree. C.; annealing it at temperatures of 550.degree.-700.degree. C. for 0.2-3 hours, and rapidly cooling it at a cooling rate of 20.degree.-400.degree. C./min. The permanent magnet contains a matrix, a B-rich phase and a Nd-rich phase. In grain boundaries of the matrix phases covered by bcc phases, thin, fine plates of the bcc phases projecting into the matrix phases are once increased by the first heat treatment and slow cooling and then eliminated by the annealing.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 1985Date of Patent: December 19, 1989Assignee: Hitachi Metals, Ltd.Inventors: Masaaki Tokunaga, Minoru Endoh, Noriaki Meguro, Shigeho Tanigawa
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Patent number: 4886639Abstract: Structural component made of powder metallurgical materials, particularly temperature resistant alloys, nickel base alloys, are produced by injection molding or pressing. The sintering is divided into individual work steps for producing dense and smooth structural components which are true to shape.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1987Date of Patent: December 12, 1989Assignee: MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union Muenchen GmbHInventors: Gerhard Andrees, Josef Kranzeder, Wilhelm Vogel
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Patent number: 4885133Abstract: A wear-resistant sintered iron-based alloy and a process for producing the alloy are described, wherein the alloy comprises a first phase having a martensite composition which comprises from 0.5 to 3.0 wt % of Cr, from 0.4 to 1.0 wt % of Mn, from 0.1 to 0.4 wt % of Mo, and the balance of Fe, based on the total amount of said first phase; a second phase having a martensite and Cr carbide composition which comprises from 10 to 20 wt % of Cr and the balance of Fe, based on the total amount of said second phase; and from 1.0 to 2.5 wt % of C, based on the total amount of said alloy; wherein said first phase and said second phase are present as a mixture containing from 10 to 80% by volume of said second phase, based on the total volume of said alloy; and said alloy is substantially free from any residual austenite.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1989Date of Patent: December 5, 1989Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Inventor: Satoshi Fujii
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Patent number: 4880599Abstract: A composite comprised of a sintered matrix of spinel ferrite and an electrically conductive phase of elemental silver is produced by co-firing a laminated structure of ferrite powder-containing tapes containing a silver metallization-forming material having two end portions wherein only the end portions are exposed.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1988Date of Patent: November 14, 1989Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Richard J. Charles, Achuta R. Gaddipati
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Patent number: 4871438Abstract: Cermet electrode compositions comprising NiO-NiFe.sub.2 O.sub.4 -Cu-Ni, and methods for making, are disclosed. Addition of nickel metal prior to formation and densification of a base mixture into the cermet allows for an increase in the total amount of copper and nickel that can be contained in the NiO-NiFe.sub.2 O.sub.4 oxide system. Nickel is present in a base mixture weight concentration of from 0.1% to 10%. Copper is present in the alloy phase in a weight concentration of from 10% to 30% of the densified composition. Such cermet electrodes can be formed to have electrical conductivities well in excess of 100 ohm.sup.-1 cm.sup.-1. Other alloy and oxide system cermets having high content metal phases are also expected to be manufacturable in accordance with the invention.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1987Date of Patent: October 3, 1989Assignee: Battelle Memorial InstituteInventors: Steven C. Marschman, Norman C. Davis
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Patent number: 4871437Abstract: Cermet electrode compositions and methods for making are disclosed which comprise NiO--NiFe.sub.2 O.sub.4 --Cu--Ni. Addition of an effective amount of a metallic catalyst/reactant to a composition of a nickel/iron/oxide, NiO, copper, and nickel produces a stable electrode having significantly increased electrical conductivity. The metallic catalyst functions to disperse the copper and nickel as an alloy continuously throughout the oxide phase of the cermet to render the electrode compositon more highly electrically conductive than were the third metal not present in the base composition. The third metal is preferably added to the base composition as elemental metal and includes aluminum, magnesium, sodium and gallium. The elemental metal is converted to a metal oxide during the sintering process.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1987Date of Patent: October 3, 1989Assignee: Battelle Memorial InstituteInventors: Steven C. Marschman, Norman C. Davis
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Patent number: 4867943Abstract: A starting material for injection molding of a metal powder including from 38 to 46% by volume of an organic binder and the balance of spherical iron powder with an average particle size from 2 to 6.5 .mu.m and having high density sinterability at low sintering temperature, and a method of producing a sintered parts by conducting injection molding, debinding and sintering using the above-mentioned starting material in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature lower than the A.sub.3 transformation point.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1988Date of Patent: September 19, 1989Assignee: Kawasaki Steel CorporationInventor: Yoshisato Kiyota