Abstract: A method for lowering the oxygen potential of an inert processing atmosphere containing a reducing gas such as hydrogen, by introducing a metal catalyst to induce reaction between the reducing gas and oxygen, which may originate from leaks into the system or from other sources. The catalyst, such as a precious metal, increases the rate of reaction between gaseous hydrogen and gaseous oxygen to form water vapor, thereby decreasing the amount of molecular oxygen available to react with oxidizable materials exposed to the inert processing atmosphere.

Abstract: A thermoelectric material can be obtained by co-pulverizing and mixing a material containing at least bismuth and a material containing at least tellurium, without being alloyed by melting, and then molding and sintering. This thermoelectric material has high performance and can be utilized in a variety of fields such as thermoelectric power generation and thermoelectric cooling, a temperature sensor space development, marine development, and electric power generation in the remote areas. Since metal elements are used as a starting material, the starting material can be easily prepared. Moreover, in the production steps, the thermoelectric material can be produced in a high yield at a low energy consumption level by a simplified manner, without a complicated operation or special apparatus, and its production cost can be decreased.

Abstract: Composites of a matrix of metal fibers and carbon fibers interlocked in and interwoven among a network of fused metal fibers are inherently capable of displaying a broad range of values of a particular physical property. Where the composite is made by sintering a preform of the fiber network dispersed in a matrix of an organic binder, the value of the physical property of the resulting composite is a function of several independent variabiles which can be controlled during composite fabrication. With particular regard to the capacitance of a stainless steel-carbon fiber electrode, there is described a method of optimizing capacitance during electrode fabrication.

Abstract: This invention relates to the manufacture of Chevrel compounds by sintering a mixture of metal sulfides, metallic molybdenum and molybdenum sulfides under reduced pressure or in a stream of an inert gas containing a reductive gas, and by sintering a mixture of metal sulfides and molybdenum sulfides in a stream of an inert gas containing a reductive gas. This process does not meet any complicated procedure as in prior art and enables one to use a reaction container a desired number of times and to prepare Chevrel compounds inexpensively in large amounts.

Abstract: Methods for preparing sintered components from iron-containing and alloy steel powder are provided. The methods includes compacting a powder mixture in a die set at a pressure of at least about 25 tsi to produce a green compact which is then presintered at a temperature of about 1100.degree.-1600.degree. F. (593.degree.-870.degree. C.) for at least about 5 minutes to produce a presintered preform. The presintered preform is then compacted at a pressure of at least about 25 tsi to produce a double-pressed presintered preform, which is, in turn, sintered at a temperature of at least about 1000.degree. C. for at least about 5 minutes to produce a sintered component having improved transverse rupture strength and a higher density.

Abstract: Thermoelectric elements with excellent thermoelectric characteristics such as Seebeck coefficient thermoelectromotive force and thermal conductivity can be produced by molding a powder of metal or metal alloy as the raw material and then sintering; by using as such raw material, ultra fine powders containing Fe and Si as main components and having a mean particle diameter of 50 to 5,000.ANG..

Abstract: A method of sintering a sinterable metal powder honeycomb monolith structure comprises sintering the honeycomb monolith structure in a reducing atmosphere containing hydrogen. The honeycomb monolith structure is encased in a sintering jig and thereby disposed close to or in contact with the sintering jig.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and a device to produce a coating from metal powder metallurgically bonded to a metallic part, said metal powder being compacted over the surface of said metallic part to form the coating using cold isostatic pressing, then coupling an open metallic container to the coating leaving a space between said open metallic container and said coating, completely filling the space between the metallic container and the coating with a ceramic material and sealing, so that the ceramic material exerts pressure due to the thermal expansion over the coating during the heating in a sintering furnace in order to get a metallurgical bond between the metallic part and the coating and simultaneously sintering the coating to achieve the desirable the desirable thickness and the required properties.

Abstract: An improved method of forming a nickel plaque wherein an assemblage of particles of a nickel alloy are oxidized and sintered in a preselected atmosphere such that the alloying material is exclusively substantially internally oxidized and the resultant product sintered to provide a sintered porous plaque containing nickel metal and oxidized alloying material.

Abstract: A composition containing 30 to 70% chromium carbide, 5 to 20% soft noble metal, 5 to 20% metal fluorides, and 20 to 60% metal binder is used in a powdered metallurgy process for the production of self-lubricating components, such as bearings. The use of the material allows the self-lubricating bearing to maintain its low friction properties over an extended range of operating temperatures.

Abstract: A process for making molded objects utilizes powder injection molding techniques. Powder is mixed with a binder and then cast into a compact. The compact is then subjected to a first debinding step in the presence of a wicking agent under gentle heating. In this first stage, at least 40% of the binder is removed. Additional binder is then removed in a subsequent higher temperature stage to produce a compact which is free of binder and free of cracks.

Abstract: A sintered electric contact material for use in vacuum switch tubes comprises about 50 to 70% by volume of a Cr powder, about 0.1 to 1.15% by volume of a Ti powder, and the remainder of a Cu powder. The sintered material can be obtained advantageously by heating a mixture of the Cr powder, the Ti powder and the Cu powder in a non-oxidizing atmosphere under pressure, at a temperature below the melting point of Cu (the melting point is 1083.degree. C. at normal pressure).

Abstract: A method of forming tungsten ingots having improved uniformity of density and improved uniformity in distribution of dopant within the ingot is disclosed. Doped tungsten powder is disposed in a cylindrical mold having sealing means at both ends. The powder completely fills a void space within the mold between the sealing means so that there is substantially no settling of the powder. A pressure of about 560 kg/cm.sup.2 is applied uniformly to the outer surface of the mold to form a cylindrical compact. The compact is removed from the mold and resistance sintered to a density of at least about 85 percent of theoretical density to form the ingot.

Abstract: High strength steel parts or articles are made from a powder alloy by compacting the powder into a preform, sintering the preform in a sintering furnace or the like under a highly-reducing atmosphere and at a temperature of at least 1150.degree. C., cooling the preform, preheating the sintered preform in a highly-reducing atmosphere, such as an inert gas-based atmosphere containing hydrogen or pure hydrogen, to a temperature of at least 1000.degree. C. and transferring the preheated preform to an impact forging device and impacting the preform at a peak averaging forging pressure of at least about 1000 MPa to obtain a forged part or article. The time period between removal of the preheated preform from the preheater and the first forging impact is no more than about 8 seconds. The sintering and preheating steps can be combined with the sintered preform being cooled to the preheating temperature in the sintering furnace and transferred directly from the sintering furnace to the impact forging device.

Abstract: A consolidated tungsten alloy body consisting essentially of from about 70% to about 98% by weight of tungsten, balance nickel and iron in essentially an 8:2 weight ratio. A process for producing the consolidated bodies where the tungsten content is greater than about 88% by weight comprises forming a relative uniform blend of the described metal powders, compacting the powders to form a green body then liquid phase sintering the green body to full density. For alloys containing less than about 90% tungsten solid state sintering can be used.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a soft magnetic Fe-Si alloy sintered product comprising a step of injection molding a composition comprising an Fe-Si powder mixture blended so as to contain from 1 to 10% by weight of Si and the substantial balance of Fe and a binder a step of applying binder-removal under heating to the resultant green body and applying a degassing and Si-diffusing; and a step of subsequently applying sintering. The sintered product is, preferably, applied with further heating for obtaining better soft magnetic property. Soft magnetic property of the sintered products is as comparable with or superior to products by conventional powder metallurgy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fragrance emitting metal composed of a sintered metallic body prepared by press-molding a metal powder for sintering within a mold having a required shape, followed by sintering of the resulting molded product at a required temperature, characterized by the constitution wherein the molding pressure is controlled so that the resulting sintered product may have a porosity which permits infiltration of a liquid perfumery therethrough; and the surface of the sintered metallic body is partially polished so as to reduce the porosity of the polished surface, thereby improving the property of sustaining the diffusion of the fragrance from the liquid perfumery infiltrated therethrough and also to impart gloss and luster thereto.

Abstract: A sintered body is produced by a process comprising the steps of mixing one or more metal powder particles with an organic binder, injection-molding the mixture to form a green body of a predetermined shape, removing the binder from the green body to form a porous body substantially made of the metal powder, and heating the porous body to a sintering temperature and holding it at that temperature to produce a sintered body, in which process the binder is removed through the sequence of the following steps: preheating the green body in an inert gas atmosphere in a temperature range that creates open pores in it; placing the green body, in which open pores have started to form, in a hydrogen gas atmosphere optionally mixed with an inert gas; holding the green body in a temperature range where the metal powder is not carburized and where the open pores will be maintained, so that the greater part of the binder is removed to form a porous body that is substantially made of the metal powder alone; and further hold

Abstract: Sintering metal powder in inert and/or reducing atmosphere has been found to result in a hard porous metal structure without the use of sintering aids. The oxidation resistance of the structure can be enhanced by the firing process comprised of the following steps: oxidation, reduction, and then inert gas sintering.

Abstract: A process for producing a thin film of a base metal on a substrate which comprises thermally decomposing in oxidative atmosphere an organic or inorganic compound containing a base metal compound formed on a substrate to form the oxide of the metal and then reducing the oxide by heat-treating it in reductive atmosphere. A temperature sensor, magnetic sensor, and ceramic wiring substrate utilizing the base metal thin film.

Abstract: This invention relates to the manufacture of Chevrel phase compounds by sintering a mixture of metal sulfides, metallic molybdenum and molybdenum sulfides under reduced pressure or in a stream of an inert gas containing a reductive gas, and by sintering a mixture of metal sulfides and molybdenum sulfides in a stream of an inert gas containing a reductive gas. This process does not need any complicated procedure as in the prior art and enables one to use a reaction container a desired number of times and to prepare Chevrel phase compounds inexpensively in large amounts.

Abstract: A method of powder-metallurgical production of objects, specifically tubes, rods, or the like, wherein a metal and/or metal alloy powder is charged into a thin-walled capsule is provided. The capsule is closed and exposed to a cold-isostatic pressure so as to form a compression of the capsule for subsequent hot-working, specifically hot extrusion. Prior to the cold-isostatic pressure, a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen is introduced into the capsule together with the powder of metal and/or metal alloys. Simultaneously, pre-compaction of the powder is created by way of vibration or the like, to a density of approximately 60 t0 80% such as, in particular 70% of the theoretical density. After the cold-isostatic pressing step, the capsule is subjected to porosity or leakage testing in a vacuum chamber to monitor or establish the escape of hydrogen. Non-leaking capsules or pressings are then heated and subjected to hot-working such as hot extrusion.

Abstract: A process for producing a ceramic material which is electrically conductive by reacting titanium dioxide with intercalated graphite under conditions which effect the reduction of the titanium dioxide, said product comprising an electrically conductive, corrosion-resistant, substoichiometric titanium dioxide combined chemically with an intercalant or residue thereof, for example, a metal such as copper or nickel, and the use thereof in thermal, electrical and electro-chemical applications.

Abstract: A cathode is made from tungsten powder using as an impregnant the product rmed from adding about 1 mole of a member selected from the group consisting of zirconium, zirconium dioxide, hafnium, hafnium dioxide, uranium, uranium dioxide, titanium, and titanium dioxide to about 50 to about 100 moles of a compound selected from the group consisting of Ba.sub.3 Al.sub.2 O.sub.6, Ba.sub.3 WO.sub.6, and Ba.sub.4 Al.sub.2 O.sub.7.

Abstract: The present invention relates to porous powder metal (P/M) parts having improved dynamic properties such as impact and fatigue strength. These properties are achieved by the use of finer metal powders.

Abstract: A high temperature wear resistant sintered alloy suitable for the material of a valve seat in an automotive vehicle engine. The matrix of the sintered alloy consists essentially of carbon ranging from 0.45 to 1.15% by weight, nickel ranging from 5.4 to 27% by weight, molybdenum ranging form 0.4 to 2.7% by weight, cobalt ranging from 4.2 to 7.2% by weight and balance being substantially iron. The matrix is formed of a mixture of at least one of sorbite structure and bainite structure and austenite structure. Furthermore, the matrix includes hard phase dispersed therein and containing at least silicon, molybdenum and cobalt. The sintered alloy of such a structure can exhibit high strength and wear resistance at high temperatures regardless of type of engine and kind of fuel in case of being used as the material of the valve seat, while maintaining production cost thereof lower.

Abstract: A process for the powder metallurgical production of structural parts of high strength and hardness from silicon-manganese or silicon-manganese-carbon alloyed steels. The alloying elements Si and Mn or Si, Mn and C are mixed, in powder form, by way of the alloy carriers ferrosilicon, ferromanganese or a silicon-manganese-iron master alloy containing silicon and manganese in the ranges from 10 to 30 weight percent Si, 20 to 70 weight percent Mn, remainder Fe, with an iron powder and when carbon is present with graphite, to form a powder mixture. The powder mixture is compressed and sintered at a temperature in a range from 1150.degree. C. to 1250.degree. C. and then cooled.

Abstract: A long life high current density cathode is made from a mixture of tungsten nd iridium powders by processing the mixture of powders with an activator into a porus billet, and then impregnating the billet with a mixture of barium peroxide and a coated emitter by firing the billet in a dry hydrogen furnace at a temperature at which the impregnant melts.

Abstract: A coated cemented carbide alloy having jointly a high toughness and high wear resistance is produced by specifying the cooling rate during sintering in efficient manner, which alloy comprises a cemented carbide substrate consisting of a hard phase of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of Group IVa, Va and VIa metals of Periodic Table and a binder phase consisting of at least one member selected from the iron group metals, and a monolayer or multilayer, provided thereon, consisting of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides, oxides and borides of Group IVa, Va and VIa metals of Periodic Table, solid solutions thereof and aluminum oxide, in which the hardness of the cemented carbide substrate in the range of 2 to 5 .mu.m from the interface between the coating layer and substrate is 800 to 1300 kg/mm.sup.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing an erosion-resistant layer or coating on the surface of a metallic workpiece. The method includes providing a thermally sprayable alloy of Ni-Cr-Fe-B-Si and thermally spraying the alloy on the workpiece to a specified thickness, following which the sprayed-on layer is heated in vacuum to a temperature between 250.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. for a time at the stated temperature of about 5 to 30 minutes sufficient to effect degassing of the layer. The temperature of the layer is thereafter raised to a range of about 800.degree. C. to 950.degree. C. and maintained at that temperature in vacuum for between 5 to 30 minutes. The temperature at the layer is then raised to between 900.degree. C. and 1100.degree. C. under a protctive atmoshpere at a pressure of between 200 to 600 mm Hg to effect fursion of the layer at above its melting point, following which the coated metallic workpiece is finally cooled to room temperature under the protective atmosphere.

Abstract: A cathode is made from a mixture of tungsten and iridium powders using a ction product formed from reacting barium peroxide with an excess of tungsten as the impregnant.

Abstract: A method of treating a preform consisting essentially FeNeB alloy particles to produce a magnet having superior magnetic properties, the steps:(a) removing O.sub.2 from the preform and applying an O.sub.2 resistant coating to the preform surface, or removing O.sub.2 and maintaining an O.sub.2 -free environment,(b) heating the coated preform to elevated temperature and in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, to facilitate subsequent bonding of the particles during their consolidation,(c) providing a consolidation zone containing a grain bed and transferring the heated and coated or uncoated preform to said zone to be embedded in the grain bed,(d) applying pressure to the grain bed sufficient to be transferred via the bed and to the heated preform, thereby to consolidate the preform.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a multilayered ceramic body using Cu, Ni, Co or Fe as a conductor material, and a conductor forming paste of particular composition of CuO, NiO, CoO or Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 as the main component, the paste being applied to the multilayered body. The manufacturing method comprises: a process of forming the multilayered body with conductor paste of CuO, NiO, CoO or Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 as the main component and insulating paste formed of glass and/or ceramic, so that a binder is removed from the laminate by heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere; a process of heat treatment for reducing the oxide; and a sintering process for sintering the laminate in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an infiltrated ferrous powder metal part containing certain additives, yielding a radically improved unnotched impact strength without sacrificing tensile strength. Fatigue strength is also improved. In addition, improved dimensional control is obtained during infiltration. The microstructure is also improved, with smoothing or rounding of the formerly sharp angled copper filled pores. The invention also comprises the method of achieving these results.

Abstract: A tungsten heavy alloy system is modified by replacing from 2% to 10% of the tungsten by weight with tantalum to increase the strength and hardness characteristics for the alloy. This renders the alloy particularly useful for kinetic energy penetrators.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing cams for camsshafts by powder metallurgy, wherein the formed cams have constant properties over the volume thereof and are well polishable, includes molding into a cam blank a powder mixture made up of iron powder alloyed with carbide-forming elements of the fifth and sixth secondary groups of the periodic table, and graphite powder in a quantity necessary for carbide formation; sintering the blank at a temperature of at most 50 K above a solidus temperature of the blank; and compacting the blank by hot-isostatic compression at a temperature below the solidus temperature to at least 99% of a theoretical density.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a sheet of tungsten heavy alloy which involves uniformly blending elemental metal powder components of the alloy by forming a slurry of the powder components in a liquid medium, introducing the slurry onto a filter medium and applying vacuum to the bottom of the slurry to form a planar cake of the powder components. The cake is then dried and sintered to a density equal to or greater than about 90% of the theoretical density of the alloy to form the sheet.

Abstract: A cathode is made from a mixture of tungsten and iridium powders using a ium iridiate formed from barium peroxide and iridium oxide as the impregnant.

Abstract: In a method of sintering an injection-molded article of raw material powder and organic binder, the injection-molded article already debinderized is initially heated up to a certain reaction temperature at which residual binder is removed from it. In subsequent decarburizing step, the residual binder is removed from the molded article under atmospheric or reduced pressure, while being supplied with H.sub.2 gas. Thereafter, in a reducing and sintering step, the molded article is heated up to a sintering temperature and is held at this temperature under reduced pressure for a predetermined period, with H.sub.2 gas being supplied. H.sub.2 content of the atmosphere in the decarburizing step is kept higher than that in the reducing and sintering step.

Abstract: A production method of a vacuum circuit breaker electrode comprises the steps of mixing conductive metal powder, and refractory material powder with a higher melting point than said conductive metal powder, compacting the resultant mixture to form a compact, presintering the compact in a atmosphere of high purity hydrogen, sealing a presintered body in a capsule while exhausting, heating and degassing, and subjecting the sealed capsule to hot isostatic pressing treatment. The conductive metal powder is one or both of Cu and Ag. The hot isostatic pressing treatment is effected at a temperature higher than a melting point of the conductive metal so that the presintered body is sintered under liquid phase, and a part of molten conductive metal component is seeped out on a sintered body surface.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a sheet of tungsten heavy alloy which involves uniformly blending elemental powder components of the alloy by forming a slurry of the powder components in a liquid medium, removing the liquid medium from the powders and forming a planar cake of the powders, drying the cake, sintering the cake to a density equal to or greater than about 90% of the theoretical density of the alloy to form the sheet.

Abstract: A contact forming material for a vacuum valve or vacuum circuit breaker comprising (a) a conductive material consisting of copper and/or silver, and (b) an arc-proof material consisting of chromium, titanium, zirconium, or an alloy thereof wherein the amount of said arc-proof material present in said conductive material matrix is no more than 0.35% by weight. This contact forming material is produced by a process which comprises the steps of compacting arc-proof material powder into a green compact, sintering said green compact to obtain a skeleton of the arc-proof material, infiltrating the voids of said skeleton with a conductive material, and cooling the infiltrated material. The contact forming material can provide contacts for a vacuum valve or vacuum circuit breaker which has excellent characteristics such as temperature rise characteristic and contact resistance characteristic.

Abstract: A cathode is made from a mixture of tungsten and iridium powders using a ium peroxide containing material as the impregnant.

Abstract: A tungsten heavy alloy system is modified by partial replacement of the tungsten with substantial amounts of molybdenum ranging from 2% to 16% by weight to produce a new alloy with greater strength and hardness and moderate ductility. This new alloy is particularly useful for kinetic energy penetrators. The process involved is liquid phase sintering in an atmosphere of dry hydrogen, then wet hydrogen, then argon, followed by heat treament at 1100.degree. C. with a water quench. The resulting alloy is further hardened by swaging and strain aging which, at certain levels of molybdenum, produces a material having hardness in excess of HRC 45.

Abstract: A low density tungsten alloy article is disclosed and the method for producing the article. The method involves compacting a relatively uniform tungsten alloy powder with the tungsten content comprising no greater than about 90% by weight of the alloy and the balance a matrix phase to produce a preformed article which is then sintered in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature below the melting point of the matrix phase for a sufficient time to form a densified article which is mechanically worked to produce the final article.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a sheet of tungsten heavy alloy which involves uniformly blending metal powder compnents of the alloy by forming a slurry of the powder components and one or more chemical compounds of at least one of the components of the alloy as an inorganic binder in a liquid medium, the chemical compound being soluble in the liquid medium and capable of being decoposed into one or more of the metal components of the alloy below the melting point of the metal powder components, removing the liquid medium from the powder components and forming a planar cake of the powder components and said inorganic binder, drying the cake, heating the cake to a temperature sufficient to decompose the inroganic binders into their elemental components or oxides, followed by heating the cake in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature sufficient to reduce any oxides forming during the previous steps to the metals, and sintering the cake to a density equal to or greater than about 90% of the theoretical den

Abstract: There is provided a process for infiltrating a compacted ferrous powder metal body with copper or a copper alloy which process is characterized by presintering the ferrous metal body at a temperature of from about 1875.degree. F. to a temperature below the melting point of the infiltrant, and then in the same furnace, raising the temperature above the melting point of the copper or copper alloy infiltrant for a period sufficient to infiltrate the powder metal body. This process is more economical than the prior double run infiltration processes and provides excellent impact strengths and tensile strengths.

Abstract: A tungsten-nickel-iron-cobalt high density alloy having unexpected improved strength and hardness properties and the method of making such alloy are disclosed. The alloy has from about 85-98% by weight tungsten with the remainder being a nickel-iron-cobalt binder in which the cobalt is present in amounts of from at least about 5% up to 47.5% by weight of the binder and the amount of cobalt being equal to or less than the amount of nickel. After the powders of the elements in the indicated amounts are homogeneously blended, compacted into a shape and sintered, the sintered shape is subjected to a heat treatment in a flowing argon atmosphere for a period of time and at a temperature at least sufficiently high to solubilize the intermetallic or .mu. phase, Co.sub.7 W.sub.

Abstract: Reactive sintering process for producing a shaped body containing the nickel aluminide compound Ni.sub.3 Al, which comprises sintering a compacted shaped mass containing an intimate mixture of substances, e.g. including elemental nickel powder and elemental aluminum powder in a stoichiometric atomic ratio generally corresponding to the compound Ni.sub.3 Al, by heating the mass, e.g. in a vacuum, to an elevated sintering temperature, e.g. 500-750.degree. C., sufficiently to initiate an exothermic reaction, and at a heating rate sufficiently for consequent progressive generation of a transient liquid below the melting point of the aluminum powder and at the corresponding eutectic temperature, and upon initiation of the exothermic reaction continuing the sintering sufficiently to form a densified shaped body containing the nickel aluminide compound Ni.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the treatment of a metal oxide powder, particularly a UO.sub.2 or PuO.sub.2 powder, with a view to its fritting.This process consists of oxidizing the powder, so as to form on its surface a hydrated oxide layer of the same metal. When the oxide is UO.sub.2 or PuO.sub.2 and mixtures thereof, as well as those prepared with ThO.sub.2, the treated powder can be used for producing nuclear fuel pellets by cold compression, followed by fritting.