Abstract: An ultrahigh carbon steel having a composition of carbon in an amount of from about 0.8 weight percent up to the maximum solubility limit of carbon in austenite, aluminum in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent, an effective amount of a stabilizing element acting to stabilize iron carbide against graphitization, and the balance iron. Preferably, the aluminum is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 6.4 weight percent and the stabilizing element is chromium. The steel has excellent ductility and is readily hot, warm and cold worked without cracking. It is particularly useful in superplastic forming operations, and may be processed to a suitable microstructure by any technique which reduces its grain size to about 10 microns or less, and preferably to about 1 micron. Such a very fine grain size is readily acheived with the steel, and the aluminum and stabilizing additions act to retain the fine grain size during superplastic processing.

Abstract: Bending and torsional ductility of high tensile reinforcement steel wire or cord, especially for rubber products, such as tires, is improved by taking care that the steel compositions that are currently used for such application, have an extra low sulphur content, i.e. below 0.015%, preferably below 0.010%.

Abstract: Amorphous alloys having high strength, high hardness, high crystallization temperature, high saturation magnetic induction, low coercive force, high magnetic permeability and particularly low deterioration of magnetic properties with lapse of time, have a composition formula ofT.sub.a X.sub.b Z.sub.c or T.sub.a' X.sub.b' Z.sub.c' M.sub.d,whereinT is at least one of Fe, Co and Ni,X is at least one of Zr, Ti, Hf and Y,Z is at least one of B, C, Si, Al, Ge, Bi, S and P,a is 70-98 atomic %,b is not more than 30 atomic %,c is not more than 15 atomic %,sum of a, b and c is 100 atomic %,M is at least one Mo, Cr, W, V, Nb, Ta, Cu, Mn, Zn, Sb, Sn, Be, Mg, Pd, Pt, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir, Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy,a' is 70-98 atomic %,b' is not more than 30 atomic %,c' is not more than 15 atomic %,d is not more than 20 atomic %, andsum of a', b', c' and d is 100 atomic %.

Abstract: Production of steel materials which show excellent HAZ qualities when used for welded structures and containC: 0.001 to 0.300%Mn: 0.4 to 2.0%P: 0.025% max.S: 0.025% max.Al: 0.007% max.Ti: 0.003 to 0.050%O: 0.0010 to 0.0100%Balance: iron and unavoidable impurities and containing 0.002 to 0.100% of oxide inclusion having a complex grain phase composed of one or more of Ti oxides such as TiO, Ti.sub.2 O.sub.3 having a particle size of not larger than 10 .mu.m.