Abstract: A planetary gear for a multiple-screw extruder includes a circular stationary housing having internal teeth, a sun wheel formed from at least one toothed portion of a spindle, and a plurality of main planet wheels formed from at least one toothed free end of a plurality of screws and arranged in a circle. The plurality of main planet wheels are spaced from one another, from the sun wheel and from the internal housing teeth. A plurality of internal and external intermediate planet wheels are arranged between the sun wheel and the main planet wheels and between the main planet wheels and the internal housing teeth, respectively.

Abstract: Polymer particles having a small particle diameter and a narrow particle diameter distribution are obtained by a continuous polymerization method which does not accompany an increase of cohering products attaching to an inner face of a reaction vessel and an air-bubble invasion and, in which stirring of a material solution for polymerization is easy. An emulsion polymerization reaction or a suspension polymerization reaction is carried out by supplying a material solution for polymerization continuously to a clearance between coaxial double cylinders, which have stretched toward a direction crossing a horizontal plane, from the end side of the cylinders, by rotating at least one of the double cylinders round the axis and thereby, causing Taylor vortices. The polymer particles thus-formed are obtained by through from the other end side of the double cylinders to the outside.

Abstract: A hybridization incubator, of a type usefully employed to perform blot nucleic acid and protein/antibody hybridizations and stringency washes for blot procedures such as Northern, Southern, Dot, Slot, Colony, and Western blot techniques, wherein the hybridization incubator comprises an incubator chamber of irregular geometric shape. In a specific embodiment, the hybridization incubator comprises: (a) a housing including walls and a door cooperatively defining an enclosed interior volume within the housing, wherein the interior volume is bounded by segmented wall surfaces forming at least one obtuse included angle between adjacent wall segments; (b) a rotational carousel assembly constructed and arranged for holding hybridization sample(s) thereon, and mounted in the interior volume within the housing; (c) means for selectively rotating said rotational carousel assembly; and (d) means for heating gas and circulating heated gas in the interior volume of the housing over the segmented wall surfaces.

Abstract: Polymer particles having a small particle diameter and a narrow particle diameter distribution are obtained by a continuous polymerization method which does not accompany an increase of cohering products attaching to an inner face of a reaction vessel and an air-bubble invasion and, in which stirring of a material solution for polymerization is easy. An emulsion polymerization reaction or a suspension polymerization reaction is carried out by supplying a material solution for polymerization continuously to a clearance between coaxial double cylinders, which have stretched toward a direction crossing a horizontal plane, from the end side of the cylinders, by rotating at least one of the double cylinders round the axis and thereby, causing Taylor vortices. The polymer particles thus-formed are obtained by through the other end side of the double cylinders to the outside.

Abstract: Apparatus for intercalating large quantities of fibrous structures uses a rotatable reaction chamber containing a liquid phase intercalate. The intercalate liquid phase is controlled by appropriately heating, cooling or pressurizing the reaction. Rotation of the chamber containing the fiber sample ensures total submergence of the fiber during intercalation. Intercalated graphite fibers having metal-like resistivities are produced and are conceivably useful as electrical conductors.

Abstract: A gas generator chemically generates a gas from a chemical reaction between two reagents contained within a common container. The reagents are normally separated by a gas generation chamber into different regions of the container in the absence of gas generation therein. A reference pressure source of a predetermined pressure forces the two reagents into contact with each other when the pressure of gas in the gas generation chamber is less than the predetermined pressure. A valve in fluid communication with the gas generation chamber is provided to withdraw the generated gas from the chamber when OPEN. As the gas flows through the valve from the chamber the gas pressure in the chamber drops permitting more mixing of the reagents. When the chamber pressure becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure applied by the reference pressure source, the reagents become separated again and gas generation ceases.

Abstract: A method of yielding selectively a desired enrichment in a specific isotope including the steps of inputting into a spinning chamber a gas from which a scavenger, radiating the gas with a wave length or frequency characteristic of the absorption of a particular isotope of the atomic or molecular gas, thereby inducing a photochemical reaction between the scavenger, and collecting the specific isotope-containing chemical by using a recombination surface or by a scooping apparatus.

Abstract: A continuous photochemical reactor comprises a rotatable cylindrical reaction vessel provided at its one end with an inlet for reaction mixture and at the other end with an opening, a lid body for closing said opening of the reaction vessel and for discharging reaction products, a lamp mounted on the lid body and coaxially arranged in the reaction vessel, and a driving means for rotating the reaction vessel around its axis. The reaction vessel is provided at its inner wall with a spiral conveyer blade so that the inner edge of the blade is arranged close to the outer wall of the lamp. A reaction mixture is fed to the reactor through the driving shaft and irradiated by light such as ultraviolet light from the lamp while being conveyed by the spiral conveyer blade.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a polyacetylene film by contacting acetylene gas with Ziegler-Natta catalyst to polymerize the acetylene gas in a vessel which comprises a catalyst introduction conduit to be introduced with the Ziegler-Natta catalyst provided at a cap provided at the top of the vessel and having an end opening disposed in the vicinity of the inner surface of the side wall of the vessel in such a manner that the conduit and the vessel are relatively moved in rotation, and a rotary transmission mechanism for driving to rotatably coat the catalyst flowed out from the end opening of the conduit on the inner surface of the bottom from the inner surface of the side wall of the vessel. Thus, the polyacetylene film can be produced in a uniform thickness and in a relatively large area by introducing the Ziegler-Natta catalyst of the suitable quantity, and the catalyst can be spread over the entire surface rapidly by the relative rotation between the conduit and the vessel.

Abstract: A horizontal solid-bed polymerization reactor which is divided into a plurality of zones, for example a reaction zone, an after-reaction zone, a heating zone and a product discharge zone and possesses inlet and outlet openings for feeding substances into the zones and/or removing substances from the zones, the zones being separated from one another over a part of the reactor cross-section by means of weirs, wherein two drive shafts which are independent of one another and possess mixing elements are introduced into the solid-bed polymerization reactor in the middle.

Abstract: The fouling of the solid cocatalyst inlet nozzle in alpha-olefin Ziegler type polymerizations in stirred liquid phase, mass reaction is eliminated by positioning the inlet nozzle below the liquid surface on substantially the same horizontal plane as the bottom impeller and aligned with the impeller. The inlet nozzle extends from 30 to 80% of the distance between the wall of the reactor and the tip of the impeller. The ratio of the inlet velocity of the solid cocatalyst slurry to the reactor mass cross flow velocity is 2-3:1.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a polyacetylene film by contacting acetylene gas with Ziegler-Natta catalyst to polymerize the acetylene gas in a vessel which comprises a catalyst introduction conduit to be introduced with the Ziegler-Natta catalyst provided at a cap provided at the top of the vessel and having an end opening disposed in the vicinity of the inner surface of the side wall of the vessel in such a manner that the conduit and the vessel are relatively moved in rotation, and a rotary transmission mechanism for driving to rotatably coat the catalyst flowed out from the end opening of the conduit on the inner surface of the bottom from the inner surface of the side wall of the vessel. Thus, the polyacetylene film can be produced in a uniform thickness and in a relatively large area by introducing the Ziegler-Natta catalyst of the suitable quantity, and the catalyst can be spread over the entire surface rapidly by the relative rotation between the conduit and the vessel.

Abstract: A mixing and dispensing gun comprising a body having spaced inlets for receiving two components of an adhesive or reactive fluid, a dispensing valve in the gun, an outlet nozzle and a motionless mixer interposed between the dispensing valve and the outlet nozzle for directing the fluids in a sinuous path and mixing the fluids.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a polyacetylene film by introducing acetylene gas into a vessel for storing Ziegler-Natta catalyst to polymerize the acetylene gas with the catalyst which comprises a film forming projecting flat section having a film forming flat surface projected from the surface of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst stored in the bottom of the vessel, thereby coating the Ziegler-Natta catalyst on the inner surface of the side wall of the vessel and the film forming flat surface. Thus, the acetylene gas introduced into the vessel is polymerized with the catalyst to produce the polyacetylene film. In this manner, the polyacetylene film having a constant thickness of high quality can be produced with the Ziegler-Natta catalyst of the suitable amount by providing the film forming flat surface even in the bottom of the vessel, thereby improving the production efficiency.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of preparing a partially hydrolyzed polymer solution, especially a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solution, for use in secondary and tertiary oil recovery operations which involves the in-line introduction of a relatively concentrated solution of a hydrolyzing agent into a polymer stream having a relatively high concentration of the polymer, and thereafter intimately mixing, under heat, the polymer stream and the hydrolyzing agent while controlling the flow rate of the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is then held in a post hydrolysis tank where the reaction is allowed to go to completion.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyphenols, including oxidative polycondensation of a phenol in an aqueous medium in the presence of an oxidizer as well as a subsequent separation of the end product. The starting phenol is mixed with an aqueous solution of an alkali of 5 to 56% concentration in a molar ratio between 1:2.4 and 1:0.25 and heated to a temperature between 70.degree. and 170.degree. C., while air, which furnishes oxygen as the oxidizer, is passed through the reaction mixture.An apparatus for carrying out the process of the invention comprises a kettle equipped with a heater, a shaft with blades mounted within said kettle and connected to a drive for revolving the shaft, a perforated pipe assembled at the bottom portion of the kettle and communicating with an air blower. The perforated pipe communicates with the air blower through an air treatment chamber.