Abstract: This invention is a method for inhibiting corrosion in metallic flow lines containing hydrocarbon and/or aqueous fluids comprising adding to the fluid contained in the flow line a corrosion inhibiting amount of a water-soluble ampholytic substituted imidazoline having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R1 comprises a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl groups having 6 to 30 carbons; R2 comprises a radical selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene polyamines having from 2 to 16 carbon atoms, NH.sub.2, N(R.sub.4).sub.2, OH and SH; R.sub.3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, carbonate, sulfite, sulfate, phosphite, and phosphate; n is a number from 1 to 10; and, R4 comprises a branched or linear alkyl chain having a length of 1 to 8.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor treatment composition for cooling water systems is disclosed in which no chromate is used and no free orthophosphate is present comprising a combination of a localized corrosion inhibitor in the form of a salt of molybdenum, vanadium, or tungsten, a general corrosion and scale inhibitor comprising zinc or nickel, a pair of organic phosphonates, and a stabilizing agent.

Abstract: A process for the inhibition of corrosion caused by naphthenic acid and sulfur compounds during the elevated temperature processing of crude oil by use of a corrosion inhibitor consisting of trialkylphosphate and an alkaline earth metal phosphonate-phenate sulfide.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting corrosion of metals which are in contact with an aqueous system comprising adding to the system, either alone or in combination with organic or metal containing water treatments, a water-soluble cationic alkyl-phosphonium salt in an amount effective to inhibit corrosion.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion of iron and steel alloys in contact with industrial waters is claimed. The method comprises treating said waters with an effective corrosion inhibiting amount of a water soluble polymer having an average molecular weight ranging from about 2,000 to about 50,000, said polymer containing at least four mole percent of a hydroxamic acid mer unit.

Abstract: A high current coulometric titrator for the Karl Fischer determination of water in which a diaphragm is not required between the electrodes of the iodine-generating circuit. These electrodes are designed to ensure that substantially only iodine is generated at the anode while minimizing conversion of iodine to iodide at the cathode. In a preferred embodiment, the anode has a generally curved shape, all portions of which are substantially equidistant from the cathode. Increased current efficiency results wherein the amount of iodine generated at the anode increases as the magnitude of the iodine-generating current increases. Titration rates in excess of 2.5 milligrams of water per minute are achieved.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for inhibiting or preventing the formation of scale and corrosion on surfaces in contact with an aqueous system comprising adding to the system an amount effective to inhibit scale formation of a sulfonated organophosphonate compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 3 to 10, X is OH or NH.sub.2 ; and water soluble salts thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method to inhibit the corrosion of metals by sodium chloride and calcium chloride solutions by incorporating in the solutions a mixture of mono- and di-hydrogen orthophosphates. Sodium chloride solutions which contain calcium chloride, e.g., rock salt solutions, are inhibited against corrosion when the percentage of dihydrogen orthophosphate is from 10 to 60 percent of the mixture of di- and mono-hydrogen orthophosphates. Calcium chloride solutions are inhibited against corrosion when the percentage of dihydrogen orthophosphate is from 50 to 100 percent of the mixture of di- and mono-hydrogen orthophosphates.

Abstract: A corrosion- and/or scale inhibitor composition comprising: A) a corrosion- and/or scale inhibitor; and B) a compound having the formula (I): ##STR1## or a water-soluble salt thereof in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl, the weight ratio of component A) to component B), ranging from 10:90 to 90:10.The compounds of formula I are new compounds.

Abstract: A novel terpolymer particularly useful as a scale inhibitor for aqueous systems is provided. The terpolymer preferably is derived from monomers of acrylic or methacrylic acid, vinyl acetate and/or vinyl alcohol, and sodium-1-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl sulfonate.

Abstract: A coolant or antifreeze composition has one or more glycols or glycol ethers in combination with water, one or more additives, and an effective amount of 1-hydroxyoctylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid or 1-hydroxydodecylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid as a corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the pitting corrosion rate of carbon steel in a cooling tower system comprising adding to a cooling tower water an effective amount of a corrosion inhibiting composition containing from about 1 to about 10 ppm of a water soluble molybdate, calculated as molybdate and from about 5 to about 25 ppm of a stabilized phosphate, calculated as phosphate, the corrosion inhibiting composition being substantially free of active zinc, and circulating the water in the system.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor treatment composition for cooling water systems at elevated temperatures in which no chromate is used is disclosed, comprising a combination of a localized corrosion inhibitor in the form of a salt of molybdenum, vanadium, or tungsten, a reduced level of a general corrosion and scale inhibitor comprising zinc, nickel or a combination thereof, orthophosphate, an organic phosphonate, and a stabilizing agent.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting corrosion involves new compositions which comprise an organic material and, a corrosion inhibitor which is a compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and each is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.15 alkenyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryl having 6 or 10 aromatic ring carbon atoms; or C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; n is 0 or 1;A is a residue of a heterocyclic ring having 5-7 ring members and 1-4 nitrogen atoms, or A is a residue of a heterocyclic ring having 5-7 ring members and 1-4 nitrogen atoms and is fused to a further heterocyclic ring or to a carbocyclic ring, or A is a carbocyclic ring, in particular a phenyl or naphthyl ring, and wherein R is one or more of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 halogenoalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkylthio, phenylthio, benzylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to controlling corrosion in aqueous systems and more particularly to using certain calcium insensitive phosphonomethyl amine oxide compounds. The compounds of this invention are water soluble phosphonomethyl amine oxides having at least one oxidized tertiary amine group of the formula: ##STR1## and water soluble salts thereof and having a cloud point of at least about 25 ppm.

Abstract: A method of detecting the initial concentration of a water-treatment chemical present in a diluted aqueous system, by (1) incorporating into the aqueous system, a mixture including a known amount of the active ingredient and a known amount of an ultra-violet sensitive compound having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein halogen is chlorine or bromine; X is ##STR2## and a and b, independently are 0 or 1; M is hydrogen or an alkaline metal ion; and (2) detecting the concentration of the compound of formula I, by exposing to ultra-violet light a sample of the aqueous system so treated.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the precipitation of calcium carbonate scale from an aqueous system, comprising adding to the aqueous system, a compound having the formula I: ##STR1## in which M is hydrogen or an alkali metal ion, an ammonium ion or a quaternized amine radical; R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl; and n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10.

Abstract: A method inhibiting the deposition of silica and silicate compounds on the metallic surfaces of cooling water equipment comprising adding to the water a composition consisting of hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid and a polymer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein M is a water soluble cation. This composition may further comprise a molybdate compound.

Abstract: The invention describes acrylamide, acrylic acid, polymers and co-polymers containing phosphinate groups to inhibit scale and corrosion caused by metal surfaces contacting industrial waters.

Abstract: A method for the inhibition of scale deposition on the surfaces of a well coproducing oil and scale forming brines comprising injecting into the well reservoir an acidic aqueous solution at a first pH containing dissolved therein a scale inhibitor, multivalent metal ions, and a heat sensitive pH increasing substance which decomposes at elevated temperatures liberating an alkaline compound such that the solution is inherently heated by the higher ambient reservoir temperature to a temperature at which the alkaline compound is liberated from the heat sensitive substance thus raising the pH of the solution to a point at which a sparingly soluble multivalent metal salt of the scale inhibitor is phase separated from the solution on the porous surfaces of the reservoir rock formation, providing for a slow release of inhibitor into the produced brines when the well is in its production phase.

Abstract: A polyphosphate in combination with an azole such as in alkyl or alkoxy benzotriazole, mercaptobenzothiazole, tolyltriazole, benzotriazole, a substituted benzotriazole and/or 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole, is used to inhibit the corrosion of metallic surfaces, particularly copper surfaces, in contact with an aqueous system. Systems and compositions are also claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microbiocidal composition and methods for the preparation and use of of such compositions. Properly used in accordance with the present invention, these microbiocidal compositions are effective in killing or inhibiting a wide variety of harmful, destructive or offensive microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, yeasts, algae and molds. The microbiocidal compositions of the present invention are suitable for use with conventional detergents to provide microbiocidal cleansing agents. The microbiocidal compositions can also be mixed with a liquid to provide an effective disinfectant. The microbiocidal additive can be incorporated into plastic materials and various synthetic fibers thereby imparting microbiocidal activity to the plastic materials or fibers.

Abstract: Aminophosphonate-containing polymers of the formula:--B].sub.m [A].sub.nwhereinA represents repeating units from one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers;B is ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl.X is hydrogen or an alkali metal,Z is CH.sub.2 --P(O)(OX).sub.2 or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, aryl, cyclohexyl or alkaryl,m/n is 0.1 to .5.The novel polymers of the present invention may be used as dispersants for concentrated aqueous particulate slurries, and as corrosion inhibitors and scale inhibitors in water treatment.

Abstract: A novel method of injecting or squeezing a cross-linked scale inhibitor down a well into a subterranean formation which significantly lengthens its effective life is accomplished by cross-linking a carboxylic acid-containing polymeric or organophosphorus-containing inhibitor with a polyalcohol. The significant extension of life afforded by cross-linking with a polyalcohol improves the overall economics of oil production in fields prone to mineral scale.

Abstract: Aqueous heat transfer apparatus contains a multicomponent corrosion protection system including a first component adapted to release a corrosion inhibitor on exposure to water under relatively milder conditions and a second component adapted to release a corrosion inhibitor on exposure to water under relatively severer conditions. The components may be open top compartments of a capsule, closed by means of covers of controlled release glass which dissolve in water at different rates.

Abstract: A method for the inhibition of silica deposition on the internal surfaces of an aqueous system comprising adding to the aqueous system a phosphonate compound and a water soluble polymer having the structure: ##STR1## wherein M is a water soluble cation. The aqueous systems in which the water soluble phosphonate and polymer are particularly effective on cooling water and boiler systems.

Abstract: Antifreeze composition and composition concentrates are disclosed which comprise an alcohol, such as, for example ethylene glycol, a surface modifier, such as, for example, an organophosphate which adheres to the interior surfaces of a cooling system, and a pseudo oil, such as, for example a polypropylene glycol, which forms a film on the surface-modified, interior surfaces of the cooling system. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the composition and composition concentrates.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula I: ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3 , independently, are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkkyl, phenyl, a monovalent or an equivalent of a polyvalent metal atom, ammonium or a substituted ammonium ion; R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted by one or more hydroxy or carboxyl groups; and p is an integer.The new compounds are useful in the treatment of aqueous systems, in particular to inhibit scale deposition from aqueous systems.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion of metal surfaces in contact with aqueous solutions and of inhibiting scale formation thereon is provided by introducing and maintaining in the solution certain polyaminopolyphosphonohydroxybenzene sulfonic acid compounds or their alkali or alkaline earth metal salts.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor for aqueous systems containing ferrous and non-ferrous metallic surfaces comprising (a) hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, or a water soluble salt thereof, and (b) an aminoalkylenephosphonic acid derivative, or a water soluble salt thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides for the use of compositions to dissolve sulfate scales from surfaces containing these scales, comprising an aqueous solution of an aminopolycarboxylic acid (APCA) containing 1 to 4 amino groups, e.g., diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), or a salt thereof, and a second component which is diethylenetriaminepenta (methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMP) or a salt thereof, or aminotri(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), or a salt thereof. More particularly, the invention encompasses a method of removing sulfate scales from surfaces on which they have formed utilizing the foregoing solutions, particularly the removal of scales from equipment and wellbore surfaces associated with the operation of crude oil and gas wells.

Abstract: A composition and methods for use in oilfield waterflood systems are disclosed. The composition is comprised of a phosphonate, a copolymer, and a permanganate and is effective at inhibiting the corrosion of metallic systems in petroleum oilfields caused by chlorine dioxide. Methods of use of phosphonate and permanganate alone are also disclosed. Chlorine dioxide is used in oilfield waterflood systems to control sulfides and sulfate reducing bacteria. However, chlorine dioxide is highly corrovive to the metallic components in the processing equipment of an oilfield system. The most effective system currently used to inhibit corrosion caused by chlorine dioxide comprises chromates. However, chromates are highly toxic and their use throughout the country is becoming increasingly restricted.

Abstract: The invention provides for the use of compositions to dissolve sulfate scales from surfaces containing these scales, comprising an aqueous solution of an aminopolycarboxylic acid (APCA) containing 1 to 4 amino groups, e.g., diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), or a salt thereof, and 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTC) or a salt thereof. More particularly, the invention encompasses a method of removing sulfate scales from surfaces on which they have formed utilizing the foregoing solutions, particularly the removal of scales from equipment and wellbore surfaces associated with the operation of crude oil and gas wells.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the treatment of aqueous systems and specifically to the inhibition and removal of scale and solid deposits in industrial water systems. The invention comprises the use of substoichiometric amounts of an inhibitor composition comprising at least one acrylic polymer, at least one water-soluble polymer derived from maleic acid or its anhydride, a water-soluble organic phosphonate and at least one water-soluble chelating agent. This inhibitor composition is added to the water in the systems in amounts ranging from about 0.01 to 600 parts of the inhibitor per million parts by weight of the water.

Abstract: The corrosion tendencies of polymers of 4-methyl-1-pentene, when combined with tris-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate and bis-(2,4-ditert-butyl)pentaerythritol, diphosphite are reduced. Optionally, metal stearates can be added to further reduce the polymer corrosion tendencies.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for inhibiting corrosion of an iron based metal in contact with the system water in an aqueous system, which comprises incorporating into the system water an effective amount of bis-phosphonic acid ethers selected from the group consisting of compounds having the formula (HO).sub.2 OP--R--(OR').sub.n --OR--PO(OH).sub.2 wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of methylene and ethylene, wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of methylene, ethylene and ethylene substituted with one or more methyl groups and wherein n is an integer from 0 to 4, and water soluble salts of said bis-phosphonic acid ethers. Advantageous corrosion inhibition using the bis-phosphonic acid ethers in combination with hydroxymethylphosphonic acid is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is shown of treating an aqueous system comprising adding to the system a water-soluble tri-copolymer having the formula I:(A).sub.x (B).sub.y (C).sub.z Ior a salt thereof, wherein A is a group having the formula: ##STR1## or a hydrolysed (dicarboxylic acid or salt) form of this group; B is a group having the formula:--CH.sub.2 --C(R.sub.1)(CO.sub.2 R.sub.2)--wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen or methyl, and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 straight- or branched chain alkyl, preferably methyl or ether, or R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 straight- or branched chain alkyl substituted by a group --OR.sub.3 wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or a group of formula --[CH.sub.2 CH(R.sub.4)O].sub.n H wherein R.sub.4 is hydrogen or methyl and n is an integer from 1 to 10; C is a group having the formula:--CH(R.sub.5)--C(R.sub.6)(R.sub.7)--wherein R.sub.5 is hydrogen, phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 straight- or branched chain alkyl, preferably hydrogen and R.sub.6 and R.sub.7, independently, are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: The corrosion tendencies of polymers of 4-methyl-1-pentene, when combined with tris-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate and bis-(2,4-ditert-butyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite are reduced. Optionally, metal stearates can be added to further reduce the polymer corrosion tendencies.

Abstract: A series of water-dispersible corrosion and scale inhibiting solutions are disclosed which contain the reaction product of a phosphonate compound containing at least two phosphonate groups of the formula ##STR1## and an ethoxylated, propoxylated alkylphenol amine represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R is an alkyl group containing about 5 to about 12 carbon atoms, X equals about 1 to about 20, and z equals about 1 to about 20.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion of iron or iron-based alloys which are in contact with an aqueous system by introducing and maintaining within the system at least one ortho dihydroxyaromatic compound having at least one electron withdrawing group pendant from the aromatic ring.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting scale deposition and the corrosion of metal surfaces in a cooling water system.It comprises a water soluble copolymer consisting of moities of acrylic acid and monohydroxylated alkyl allyl ether, a phosphonate compound, a water soluble zinc salt and, optionally, an azole compound, and/or a water soluble molybdate salt.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel polymeric compositions which are useful for water treatment. These novel compositions are comprised of polymers of .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s), preferably containing carboxylic acid or carboxylic amide functionalities, and amine-containing allyl ether monomers.

Abstract: The cyclic ether bis-phosphonic acids diphosphonotetrahydrofuran, diphosphonotetrahydropyran, and diphosphonooxepane and their salts and esters are disclosed, as is their use in water treatment. Also disclosed is the preparation of the cyclic ether bis-phosphonic acid compounds by reacting a corresponding dialkoxy cyclic ether with certain dialkyl phosphites, reacting the intermediate formed therefrom with certain halotrimethyl silanes, organic acid halides or inorganic acid halides, and reacting the intermediate formed therefrom with certain trialkyl phosphites to form a bis-phosphonic acid compound which may be hydrolized to form the cyclic ether bis-phosphonic acid. Certain of the first intermediates are considered stable reagents which may be used for preparing flame retardants, chelating agents and corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: A composition and method for inhibiting corrosion in industrial cooling waters which contain hardness and have a pH of at least 8, which composition comprises a water-soluble organic phosphonate capable of inhibiting corrosion in an aqueous alkaline environment and a co- or terpolymer of acrylic acid and certain substituted acrylamides such as t-butyl acrylamide.

Abstract: Novel water soluble polymers containing an hydroxyl alkyl aminoalkylene phosphonate functionality are disclosed. These polymers have utility as deposit control agents effective in a number of water systems such as cooling, boilers conversion coating, paper and pulp processing and gas scrubbing.The polymers are formed from the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds with a compound having the structure: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is an hydroxyl substituted or nonsubstituted lower alkylene group, R.sub.2 is H or lower alyl group, R.sub.3 is a lower alkylene group and M is H or water soluble cation.

Abstract: A method of anticorrosive treatment for soft water boilers to prevent iron family metals from corrosion, especially from pitting corrosion, which is characterized by adding, to a boiler water system using soft water at a high temperature, (a) a specific amount of a phosphorus compound, (b) a specific amount of a carboxylic acid compound and (c) a specific amount of a metal compound.

Abstract: A process for treating water which comprises adding to the water (a) from 1 to 50 ppm of a phosphonium compound of the formula: ##STR1## in which R represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 groups which are unsubstituted or substituted by a cyano, hydroxy, esterified hydroxy or aryl group, R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 alkyl group and X represents chlorine or bromine, and optionally (b) from 0.1 to 100 ppm of an anionic water treatment agent such as a scale or corrosion inhibiting agent.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting the deposition of manganese in water systems by adding to the water a sufficient amount of an organic aminophosphonic acid to inhibit corrosion and scale resulting from undesirable manganese deposition.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved composition and method which inhibit the corrosion of and the formation of scale on metals present in an aqueous system. The composition comprises a water soluble copolymer having moieties derived from acrylic acid and from lower alkyl hydroxy acrylates, and a combination of a manganese compound and an aminoalkylenephosphonic acid derivative or its salts.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion in cooling tower systems comprising adding to a cooling tower water containing sulfides, hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof as contaminants a corrosion inhibiting composition containing a water-soluble zinc compound, a water-soluble molybdate, a water-soluble orthophosphate and a water-soluble polyphosphate.