Abstract: A multiple product dispensing system includes a plurality of use solution dispensers and a controller for selecting one of the dispensers according to a preset regimen, e.g., selecting different dispensers on different days of the week. Each dispenser dispenses a controlled concentration of use solution using a diluent delivery apparatus that delivers a diluent to form a liquid concentrate from a solid chemical composition, and to form make-up diluent for diluting the liquid concentrate and forming a use solution of controlled concentration. A foam reducer reduces the kinetic energy of the make-up diluent prior to mixing with the liquid concentrate to reduce foaming. An unskilled operator may operate the dispensing system to dispense a use solution of carefully controlled concentration, and the controller will automatically select the proper dispenser according to the preset regimen, without any additional input on the part of the operator.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing a measured amount of a chemical into a fluid piping system comprising a cap having fluid entrance and exit ports between which is a tubular flow conduit. The tubular flow conduit has a first passageway therein to divert a portion of the fluid passing through the system into a canister attached to the cap. A container is disposed within the canister containing a solid chemical which is partially dissolved by fluid introduced into the container. A portion of the dissolved chemical passes out through a second passageway in the tubular flow conduit located downstream from the first fluid passageway and is reintroduced into the fluid system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dispenser 10 for a solid chemical 13 and a method of dispensing the chemical 13. Water enters via an inlet line 22 and is sprayed from a spray nozzle 21, so that the solid chemical 13 is dispensed in the form of an aqueous chemical solution via outlet line 17. The solution's concentration is adjustable by varying the distance between the spray nozzle 21 and the exposed dissolving surface of the chemical 13. The spray nozzle's position is adjusted by means of a screw jack 68, a push-pull cable 93, a solenoid 100, or a lever 117.

Abstract: A multiple product dispensing system includes a plurality of use solution dispensers and a controller for selecting one of the dispensers according to a preset regimen, e.g., selecting different dispensers on different days of the week. Each dispenser dispenses a controlled concentration of use solution using a diluent delivery apparatus that delivers a diluent to form a liquid concentrate from a solid chemical composition, and to form make-up diluent for diluting the liquid concentrate and forming a use solution of controlled concentration. A foam reducer reduces the kinetic energy of the make-up diluent prior to mixing with the liquid concentrate to reduce foaming. An unskilled operator may operate the dispensing system to dispense a use solution of carefully controlled concentration, and the controller will automatically select the proper dispenser according to the preset regimen, without any additional input on the part of the operator.

Abstract: A water distribution system is provided having a flow rate in the range of approximately 10 to 30 psi. A chlorinator is provided in line with the water distribution system to dispense a chlorine compound into the water distribution system. Calcium hypochlorite in solid form is placed into the housing of the chlorinator, the chlorinator being used to dissolve the solid calcium hypochlorite in water, dilute it to a desired concentration, and dispense it into the water distribution system at a flow rate in the range of approximately 50 to 3500 gallons/day. The chlorinator comprises a housing having a closed bottom with a fluid inlet and outlet, an open top, and a removable top cover. A flow rate control valve in the internal passage regulates the rate of flow in the internal passage providing fluid communication between the fluid inlet and the housing interior.

Abstract: A chlorinator apparatus having a cannister with an interior for receiving a plurality of tablets therein, a plate affixed within the cannister and having a surface for supporting one of the tablets thereon, a fluid inlet positioned on the cannister to the plate for directing fluid flow toward the tablet on the plate, and a fluid outlet formed in the cannister so as to pass fluid flow from the cannister. The cannister has a generally cylindrical configuration. A diverter member is affixed to the plate adjacent the fluid inlet so as to divert fluid flow from the fluid inlet, The diverter is a generally V-shaped member having a narrow end adjacent the fluid inlet. The plate has an orifice formed therein so as to be in communication with the fluid outlet. A plurality of legs are formed on the plate so as to extend upwardly from the top surface of the plate.

Abstract: A dispensing system is provided comprising a detergent supply pack (1) for supplying solid state detergent material to a dispensing device (4) associated with a washing machine and said dispensing device, which supply pack comprises packaging material for said solid state detergent material, said solid state detergent material and a closing/release device for promoting release of the detergent solid from the supply pack into the dispensing device, whereby the closing/release device comprises two movable parts (3a,3b) in between which the packaging material is clamped and which, after closing, are blocked by locking studs, such that the locking studs can be released by placing the supply pack on a top centring frame of the dispensing device which is used as a key for opening the movable parts and introducing the solid detergent into the dispensing device.There are also provided a detergent supply pack and a dispensing device which are adapted for use in a dispensing system according to the invention.

Abstract: A water treatment pill is disclosed having a cylindrical periphery and disklike end faces and comprising material that in use is eroded to treat the water. The cylindrical periphery of the pill is covered with a cover of water impermeable material to prevent water coming into contact with the periphery of the pill. A passage is provided between the sleeve and the periphery of the pill and running from one end face to the other. This passage may be formed in the periphery of the pill or in the sleeve. One end face of the pill is closed off by a closure member. Thus with the axis of the periphery vertical and the closure member on the upper face of the pill, any gases which may accumulate below one end face of the pill can escape along the groove to the other end face.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dispenser 10 for a solid chemical 13 and a method of dispensing the chemical 13. Water enters via an inlet line 22 and is sprayed from a spray nozzle 21, so that the solid chemical 13 is dispensed in the form of an aqueous chemical solution via outlet line 17. The solution's concentration is adjustable by varying the distance between the spray nozzle 21 and the exposed dissolving surface of the chemical 13. A pair of cam members 50, 51 adjust the vertical position of the solid chemical 13 with respect to the spray nozzle 21. In a preferred embodiment, a visual indication of the concentration settings is provided, with the concentration settings corresponding to the nozzle-to-eroding surface distance.

Abstract: Disclosed is an indicator (15, 35) for determining the level of contents in an opaque, plastic container (10). The container (11) is filled with a solid chemical (11), such as a detergent. A spray of warm or hot water (19) impinges upon the eroding surface (16) of the solid chemical (11) to produce a chemical solution. The container (10) is provided with a thermo-chromatic strip (15, 35) for detecting the level of solid chemical (11) within the plastic capsule (10). A method of dispensing a solid chemical (11) and a dispensing container (10) are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dispersing or dissolving a pelletized material in a liquid, in which a pelletized material is placed on a platform in a container having a lower chamber portion, and a stream of liquid is introduced into that lower chamber to produce a vortex of the liquid which washes across the pelletized material, thereby causing it to become dispersed or dissolved into the liquid. In installations where the flow rate of the liquid is below a certain level, a supply of compressed air is injected into the liquid of the lower chamber to prevent mudding of the material.

Abstract: An apparatus dispenses a solid-form chemical in the form of a dilute solution which is ready for immediate use. The apparatus supports a capsule of the solid chemical in an inverted position above a spray nozzle. A supply of solvent for the chemical is split into two portions, one of which is directed to the spray nozzle for spraying at the exposed surface of the solid chemical to form a concentrated solution of the chemical. The other portion of the solvent is directed to the outlet of the housing where it mixes with the concentrated chemical solution so that the solution is diluted to a desired concentration for use prior to being dispensed.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing solid or semi-solid detergents includes a hollow elongated opening or chute and an arcuate plate that extends from the side wall of the apparatus to beneath the chute. This plate provides a planar support for a detergent bar placed within the chute. Water is sprayed down the arcuate plate and projects against the detergent supported on the planar support causing it to dissolve and flow down a drain. The chute has a unique geometric design which is suitable to receive only one uniquely shaped elongated detergent bar. In a kitchen having several detergent dispensers, each detergent dispenser will have a uniquely defined chute so that only the appropriate detergent can be used in the appropriate dispenser.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dispersing or dissolving a pelletized material in a liquid, in which a pelletized material is placed on a platform in a container having a lower chamber portion, and a stream of liquid is introduced into that lower chamber to produce a vortex of the liquid which washes across the pelletized material, thereby causing it to become dispersed or dissolved into the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for forming a mixture containing a regulated, low concentration of a target component within a carrier fluid. In accordance with the present invention, the carrier fluid is passed through the bed including a compound having two phases with one of the two phases containing the target component. A vapor phase of the target component exists within the bed in equilibrium with the target component contained within at least one of the two phases. The vapor phase has a partial pressure dependent upon bed temperature. The carrier fluid is then passed through the bed so that it contains the target component upon leaving the bed at essentially the partial pressure of the vapor phase. The target component concentration is dependent upon a quotient of the partial pressure of the vapor phase and carrier fluid total pressure. Regulation of the bed temperature and carrier fluid total pressure will in turn regulate the concentration of the target component within the carrier fluid.

Abstract: A liquid treatment installation comprises apparatus for controllably treating a liquid with a liquid treatment substance. The apparatus comprises a body, a container for a liquid treatment substance in the body, and a removable closure member on the body. The installation also includes a liquid supply conduit connected to the liquid inlet of the apparatus, a liquid discharge conduit connected to the liquid outlet of the apparatus, and level control means for maintaining the liquid level in the container, thereby to dose liquid passing through the body accurately with liquid treatment substance.

Abstract: A solid product static brake (10) is provided which is employed in cast solid chemical block dispensing systems for slowing a generally downward gravitationally driven movement of the solid chemical block when placed or installed in a chemical dispenser. The brake provides the ability to prevent the destruction of the cast solid during installation due to mechanical shock. The static brake comprises a horizontal base frame (12), and a plurality of rigid blade members (18) extending from the base frame in a generally perpendicular direction. When a new solid block is installed, the blade members contact and slow the solid block as it falls into the dispenser.

Abstract: A dispenser (10) and method for washing dishes and utensils in a dishwashing machine are disclosed. The dispenser (10) is comprised of a container (11) and lid (12), the dispenser containing a solid detergent composition (13). A slot (23) in a side wall (17) and baffle (26) allow for controlled drainage of the detergent solution. The lid (12) has a plurality of openings (18) through which water from the dishwashing machine enters, so as to dissolve the solid detergent (13). The dispenser (10) is positioned within the washing chamber (20) of a dishwashing machine (19).

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing solid or semi-solid detergents includes a hollow elongated opening or chute and an arcuate plate that extends from the side wall of the apparatus to beneath the chute. This plate provides a planar support for a detergent bar placed within the chute. Water is sprayed down the arcuate plate and projects against the detergent supported on the planar support causing it to dissolve and flow down a drain. The chute has a unique geometric design which is suitable to receive only one uniquely shaped elongated detergent bar. In a kitchen having several detergent dispensers, each detergent dispenser will have a uniquely defined chute so that only the appropriate detergent can be used in the appropriate dispenser.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for dispensing detergent from within a container comprises directing a water spray transversely of the container vertical orientation to dissolve and remove detergent in solution from the container. The transverse direction of water spray greatly improves detergent dispensing performance and minimize clogging of the system during down times.

Abstract: A cleaning system and dispenser are disclosed which feature a reservoir for retaining a liquid detergent solution; a chamber for retaining a mass of solid, dissolvable detergent; a measurement device for measuring the concentration of detergent in the liquid detergent solution; and a flow control device for circulating the liquid detergent solution from the reservoir into contact with the solid detergent so as to dissolve a portion of the solid detergent and increase the concentration of detergent in the liquid detergent solution. The circulation of the liquid detergent solution is in response to a signal from the concentration measuring device that the concentration of detergent in the liquid detergent solution has fallen below a predetermined minimum. The dispenser also includes a measurement device for measuring the volume of solution in the reservoir and for adding fresh water to the reservoir when the volume of solution is below a predetermined minimum.

Abstract: Aqueous heat transfer apparatus contains a multicomponent corrosion protection system including a first component adapted to release a corrosion inhibitor on exposure to water under relatively milder conditions and a second component adapted to release a corrosion inhibitor on exposure to water under relatively severer conditions. The components may be open top compartments of a capsule, closed by means of covers of controlled release glass which dissolve in water at different rates.

Abstract: A chlorinator employing a vertically tiered arrangement wherein a chassis unit vertically and removably mounts on a lower sodium chamber and contains a cone-shaped structure which depends into the lower chamber and disposes an attached membrane and cathode at angles to the horizontal within said lower chamber. The chassis unit further includes an attached anode within the conical surface, and integral handles and electrical interconnection points. The chassis is rigidly attached to an upper pipe section with which a lid slidably interfits.

Abstract: A drain sanitizing article (9) for reducing microbiological activity in drain runoff areas having a housing (10), the housing having an inner wall (16) defining an inner opening (18) in the housing, an outer wall (12), and a bottom wall (14) defining a central cavity (15) in the housing (10), a tear strip (20) for destructibly removing the housing outer wall and a portion of the bottom wall (14), a handle (30) spanning the inner opening (18) of the housing (10) and joined to the inner wall (16) of said housing (10); and a chemical sanitizing agent (40).

Abstract: A device for controlling the growth of organisms in the cooling water inlets (7a and 7b) in outboard or stern drive motors. The device comprises of a resilient collar (1) that is placed over the cooling water inlets (7a and 7b) in such a way as to trap a small amount of water (9) inside of and immediately adjacent to the cooling water inlets (7a and 7b). On one side of the collar (1), near one inlet (7a and 7b), a cavity (6) for holding and releasing a treatment chemical (8) is provided. The water (9) trapped in the cooling water inlets (7a and 7b) slowly dissolves the treatment chemical (8), releasing a biocide, thus inhibiting the growth of the targeted organism. A handle (2) is provided so that the collar (1) can be readily installed and removed from the stern of the boat without removal of the boat from water (9).

Abstract: A canteen containing an iodine polyurethane complex open cell foam sponge for sterilization of water contained in the canteen.

Abstract: A capsule 1 (FIG. 1) for the treatment of water in an aqueous heat transfer apparatus comprises open top compartments 2, 3 and luges 6 to bear against and grip the inside of a passage in which the capsule is located. The open tops of the compartments are closed by means of covers of controlled release glass which dissolve in water at different rates. The capsule can be arranged to release a first dose of corrosion inhibitor on exposure to water under relatively milder conditions and a second dose of corrosion inhibitor on exposure to water under relatively severer conditions.

Abstract: A flowing water sterilization filter comprising a clear plastic sectional canister with an inlet conduit and outlet conduit mounted to said different sections of the canister. A polyurethane iodine treated sponge is positioned in said canister between the inlet conduit and outlet conduit to sterilize water passing therethrough.

Abstract: A chlorine compound containing chemical tablet for dissolution into a surrounding body of water which includes an elongate tablet with length longer than thickness having an elongate central section connecting two opposing obliquely tapered ends along a longitudinal axis and an elongate tablet shell encasing the tablet having a corresponding elongate central section connecting two opposing obliquely tapered ends. The ends of the shell have openings therein and form an inwardly sloping and obliquely angled junction with the shell's elongate central section. The encased tablet lies in a skimmer unit on its side along a longitudinal axis and dissolves in a generally uniform and slow rate.

Abstract: Apparatus for controllably treating a liquid with a liquid treatment substance includes a body having a first portion providing a container-receiving zone and an opening leading into this zone, as well as a second portion having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet defining a liquid flow path between them, with the zone being in communication with the liquid flow path. The apparatus also includes a container for a liquid treatment substance. The container comprises a cylindrical sleeve, an end piece closing off a first end of the cylinder sleeve, apertures in the sleeve in proximity to the first end, and seal means between the first end of the sleeve and the aperture. The container is movable from an inoperative position in which the seal means seals fluid tightly against the first portion to prevent liquid passing from the flow path into the aperture, to an operative position in which the first end of the sleeve protrudes at least partially into the flow path.

Abstract: A dispenser for and method of dispensing a concentrated cleaning solution from a solid block of a cleaning composition wherein the concentrated cleaning solution is dispensed at a substantially constant concentration during the entire useful life of the solid block of cleaning composition. The dispenser comprises (i) a spray nozzle for directing a uniform dissolving spray onto an exposed surface of the solid block of cleaning composition; and (ii) a spring or hydraulic piston coupled to the nozzle for biasing the nozzle towards the solid block and thereby maintaining a substantially constant distance between the nozzle and the exposed surface of the solid block of cleaning composition even though the exposed surface recedes due to dissolution by the dissolving spray.

Abstract: A slow release alkali-reactive agent constitutes or is incorporated in floating bodies which are used to treat acid water for deacidification thereof.

Abstract: Applicants' invention relates to a method for dissolving a solute material in a container by contacting the solute with a solvent in another container. Applicants' method relies upon the difference in the specific gravities of the solvent and the solute to create a convection current between their respective containers. The material, either the solute or the solvent, having the larger specific gravity is placed above the material having the smaller specific gravity, and the two materials are brought into contact. The solute dissolves in the solvent, and the resulting solution, which has a lower or higher specific gravity than the solvent, causes a convection current which draws the heavier material down and the lighter material up. As the convection current proceeds, the undissolved solute continues to come into contact with fresh solvent accelerating the dissolution process.

Abstract: A device is disclosed to enable the safe insertion and removal of a container of solid or powdered detergent cleaner into a detergent dispenser such as for a dishwasher. The device includes a bowl portion and a central, upstanding water spray outlet near the bottom of the bowl which ejects water into the container to remove the detergent from the container, or from bulk powder fed into the bowl.The spray outlet is occluded by a cover plate which is mounted on a screen which retains the powdered detergent, and the cover plate functions to occlude the spray outlet and horizontally deflect the water spray. This prevents the ejection from the dispenser of water, steam, detergents and chemical solution.

Abstract: A dispenser for dispensing a dissolvable product into a toilet bowl. The structure of the dispenser properly meters and times the flow of water therethrough to increase operational efficiency. The dispenser includes a substantially sealed container enclosing the product and having an entrance hole and an exit hole. Water flow interruptions are positioned to interrupt the flow of flush water and to channel the water to the entrance. A sufficient change of water is guaranteed by the deflectors while excess water is limited by the size of the entrance. A deflector is positioned to deflect water away from the product, and instead to cause the water to rise gently in the containers. The size of the exit hole ensures that water remains in the container after flushing has stopped, so that the dissolved product is efficiently infused into the water standing in the toilet bowl as the water level in the container recedes.

Abstract: A stable, substantially homogeneous, solid, cast fabric softening composition containing a cationic surfactant and a C.sub.4-7 saturated dicarboxylic acid and a method of making and using the cast fabric softening composition. Preferably, the fabric softening composition further includes an inert diluent to aid in formulation and dispensing of the fabric softening composition to modify the melting point of the fabric softening composition, and to increase the solubility of the fabric softening composition.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process and apparatus for forming hydrophilic polymeric solutions wherein a vessel is provided with a mixing assembly comprised of co-axially and vertically-disposed inner and outer cylindrically-shaped wall members mounted to a bottom wall member wherein the inner wall member defines a mixing chamber and is provided with orifices about a lower portion thereof to provide fluid communication to a solution chamber defined between the wall members and wherein an upper end portion of the outer wall member defines a weir to the vessel and wherein an agitator is positioned within the mixing chamber to admixed feed hydrophilic polymer and solvent in a vortex of polymeric solution contained in the mixing chamber and to cause the polymeric solution to overflow the weir into the vessel.

Abstract: An automatic system is disclosed for obtaining and maintaining a controlled volume of solution above a body of soluble solid in a container by the automatic addition of solvent. The apparatus includes a sensor for sensing the distance between the upper surface of the soluble solid in the container and a point on a float which floats in the solution produced by the action of the solvent on the soluble solid. Solvent is added when this distance reaches a predetermined value and solvent addition ceases when the distance increases to a second predetermined value. Most advantageously, the container will be the same one used to ship the soluble solid.

Abstract: A spray-type dispenser for on-demand dispensing of a solid block of chemical retained within a container in the form of an aqueous chemical solution of substantially constant concentration, comprising: (i) an upwardly dispoded spray nozzle, (ii) a three-dimensional support screen for supporting the solid block of chemical above the spray nozzle, and (iii) a housing enclosing the spray nozzle and support screen; the housing and support screen defining an annular cavity. In operation, a container retaining a solid block of a water-soluble chemical is placed within the dispenser such that the support screen contacts the chemical but not the container; thereby allowing the container to descend, by force of gravity into the annula cavity as the chemical retained therein is dissolved.

Abstract: A device for adding a solid additive to a liquid has a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a receiving container for the solid additive in the form of a tablet or bar. The tablet or bar is hollow, being shaped like a cylindrical ring. The liquid is moved axially past the inner surface and outer surface of the cylindrical ring, and during wearing away of additive material, there is a reduction in the size of the outer surface and a corresponding increase in the size of the inner surface. Therefore, the overall surface area remains constant, which leads to constant admixing. Preferably, an inner tube spaced from the inner surfaces of the additive discharges liquid for flow across the inner and outer surfaces in the same direction.

Abstract: A dispenser (10) for a detergent (13) is disclosed. A housing (10) defining an inner cavity (12) holds the detergent (13). The cavity (12) has a circular opening. An insert (14) of a substance not chemically compatible with the detergent (13) is retained in the opening of the inner cavity (12). The insert (14) is retained by retaining ring (20) and a cover (26). In a preferred embodiment, the retaining ring (20) defines an inner aperture (21a) and has a plurality of generally upwardly extending resilient fingers (24) cooperatively connected to the retaining ring (20) proximate the inner aperture (21b). A cover (26) is cooperatively connected to and secured by the fingers (24), wherein said insert (14) is placed over said fingers (24) and said cover (26) over said insert (14), whereby said fingers (24) and said cover (26) control the dissolving of the insert (14 ) by controlling the surface area of the insert (14) exposed to the detergent solution.

Abstract: A holder comprising a sealed container provided to receive a water-soluble active, solid composition and to protect it against the direct erosion by water susceptible to penetrate in the container. The holder including a basin having a predetermined volume arranged at the upper portion of said container and having at least one hole in the bottom thereof, a discharge device for discharging in a water closet (WC) bowl and consisting of two siphon-type systems and of an appropriate hooking system to hook the holder under an edge of a WC bowl.

Abstract: A chemical feeder device for treatment of influent liquid and designed for relatively free maintenance being free of moving parts and including a head member to be disposed in a liquid supply line, a vessel detachably connected to the head member and a disposable, replaceable chemical feeder cartridge also attached to the head member and disposed inside the vessel, the cartridge being a unitary structure including pre-inserted chemical material, built-in capillaries, an inlet check valve. The device is designed to feed a concentrated chemical solution into a stream of flowing liquid at a constant, very low resulting chemical concentration independent of liquid pressure, flow rate and interruptions in flow.

Abstract: Ore leaching structure including a base portion, a shelter portion, a transfer portion and a treatment portion; the base portion including a peripheral concrete foundation, concrete wall sections extending upwardly therefrom, a concrete floor section extending between the wall sections, the floor section including at least one drain opening adjacent one wall section, the floor section being sloped from the other of the wall sections toward the drain opening; the shelter portion including vertical sections extending upwardly from the wall sections, the vertical sections and the wall sections together forming the sidewalls of the structure, a roof section extending between and joining the upper edges of the sidewalls; the transfer portion including a first group of doorways in a sidewall adjoining the sidewall along which the drain opening is located, the doorways being spaced along the length of the sidewall, a second group of doorways along a sidewall opposite to the first group of doorways, the doorways of t

Abstract: A tapered-bottom bleach cake for a sanitation dosing dispenser provides more even delivery of bleach sanitizer in automatic sanitization of flush toilet and thereby reduces bleach waste.

Abstract: A detergent dispenser (20) for efficiently converting one or more solid block detergent compositions into concentrated detergent solutions is disclosed. A housing (12) configured for mounting to a solid surface defines a substantially enclosed inner cavity (30), and access and discharge ports (32) and (34) opening into the inner cavity. Retaining means (40) holds a charge of solid block detergent composition (100-103), which may include a plurality of different and even chemically incompatible detergent composition components, in fixed predetermined position within the inner cavity, exposing at least one broad surface (100a) of the detergent block. Nozzle means (61) projects into the cavity and directs a pressurized liquid spray against substantially the entire exposed detergent surface(s), dissolving a portion thereof, which is collected by the housing (30b) and passes through the discharge port. The nozzle means may be disposed above or below the exposed detergent surface.

Abstract: There is described a pool chlorinator which uses granular chlorine. The chlorinator has a sealed chamber having a container for the granular chlorine. The container has a vertically moving sleeve forming the side wall and a fixed platform forming the bottom. Water from th pressure side of the pool pump flows across the top of the platform to dissolve the chlorine granules and form a bridge of caked chlorine material in the sleeve above the water. The sleeve is lowered incrementally each time the pump is turned on to move the caked material into dissolving contact with the flowing water.

Abstract: A cyclical and automatable process and apparatus for continuously removing undesired components from solid particles by means of a solvent, the process including maintaining an expanded bed of solid particles in a vertical column, supplying a suitable solvent to the bed to flow through the bed either upwardly or downwardly in a selectably alternating manner, supplying solid particles to the top of the column while the solvent flows upwardly therethrough and interrupting the supply of solid particles and removing a bottom portion of the bed by the solvent when it flows downwardly.

Abstract: Solid cast detergent-containing articles are produced for use in automatic washing machines. A liquid detergent composition is cast into a mold where it is allowed to solidify. The solid cast detergent, surrounded on all but its upper surface by the mold, is used in automatic washing machines having a dispensing device designed to dispense a liquid aqueous detergent formed from the solid cast detergent using an impinging liquid spray. The liquid aqueous detergent flows out of the dispensing device generally simultaneously with its formation in the dispenser. The cast detergent composition includes an alkaline hydratable chemical and optionally further includes one or more preformed cores or plugs comprising an available chlorine source, a defoamer, or the like.

Abstract: Solid cast detergent-containing articles are produced for use in automatic washing machines. A liquid detergent composition is cast into a mold where it is allowed to solidify. The solid cast detergent, surrounded on all but its upper surface by the mold, is used in automatic washing machines having a dispensing device designed to dispense a liquid aqueous detergent formed from the solid cast detergent using an impinging liquid spray. The liquid aqueous detergent flows out of the dispensing device generally simultaneously with its formation in the dispenser. The cast detergent composition includes an alkaline hydratable chemical and optionally further includes one or more preformed cores or plugs comprising an available chlorine source, a defoamer, or the like.