Abstract: A rehydration capsule, and a method of rehydrating media within such capsule, the capsule including a capsule body having an inlet and an outlet, a member proximate the inlet having at least an opening therethrough, a filter proximate the outlet, and a hollow flow tube corresponding to each of said at least one opening mounted to the member and having an inlet at one end aligned with the at least one opening and having at least one opening through its body.

Abstract: Systems and methods and resulting compositions of matter including silicon solids from a mixture of silicon and water. The mixture is collected at a collection stage from at least one wafer abrasion process performed on a silicon surface having an impurity concentration ?0.1 ppb and extracting one portion of the water from the mixture using at least one dryer stage to form a dry cake. The dry cake includes at least 99.99% silicon by weight excluding water and non-silicon species, where a concentration of water in the dry cake is between 0.05% and 1% by weight, and where a concentration of non-silicon species in the dry cake is between 0.05% and 1% by weight.

Abstract: In a tire constituted with a thermoplastic material and a material different from the thermoplastic material, the thermoplastic material and the material different from the thermoplastic material are easily and efficiently separated. While a tire 10 formed of a thermoplastic material is being turned, heated air is ejected from a nozzle 46 of a heating apparatus 44, and the surface of a crown portion 16 is melted. An end portion of a cord 26 embedded in a helical arrangement, which is formed of a material different from the thermoplastic material, is extracted from the melted region, and is sequentially wound onto a reel 58.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for stripping. The process can include passing catalyst to a stripping vessel containing a riser, providing a plurality of baffles having a first baffle and a second baffle, and providing one or more packing layers. The stripping vessel and riser may define an annular zone including annular area for stripping of the catalyst, and the first and second baffles collectively overlap in no more than about 50% of the annular area. Often, the first baffle is coupled to an outer circumference of the riser and extends outward, and the second baffle is coupled to an inner circumference of the stripping vessel and extends inward. Typically, the one or more packing layers are within the annular zone.

Abstract: In various embodiments of the invention, a cargo container can be monitored at appropriate time intervals to determine that no controlled substances have been shipped with the cargo in the container. The monitoring utilizes reactive species produced from an atmospheric analyzer to ionize analyte molecules present in the container which are then analyzed by an appropriate spectroscopy system. In an embodiment of the invention, a sorbent surface can be used to absorb, adsorb or condense analyte molecules within the container whereafter the sorbent surface can be interrogated with the reactive species to generate analyte species characteristic of the contents of the container.

Abstract: A system for recycling a work gas used in a thermal reactor for treating sample materials includes a thermal reactor using a work gas from a first source mixed with carrier gases. The work gas has a boiling point higher than the carrier gases. The system includes a pump, a condenser which converts the work gas into a liquid, and a scrubber.

Abstract: Gas processing plants and methods are contemplated in CO2 is effectively removed to very low levels from a feed gas to an NRU unit by adding a physical solvent unit that uses waste nitrogen produced by the NRU as stripping gas to produce an ultra-lean solvent, which is then used to treat the feed gas to the NRU unit. Most preferably, the physical solvent unit includes a flash unit and stripper column to produce the ultra-lean solvent.

Abstract: A system includes a turbomachine including a first chamber configured to contain a first fluid and a second chamber configured to contain a second fluid. The turbomachine also includes a barrier disposed between the first and second chambers. The barrier is configured to separate the first fluid and the second fluid. Additionally, the barrier includes a first surface facing the first chamber and a second surface facing the second chamber. The turbomachine also includes an orifice extending from the first chamber to the second chamber. The orifice defines a fluid passageway. Additionally, the turbomachine includes a tube including a first end and a second end. The first end is coupled to the first surface and is disposed about a perimeter of the orifice. The tube is configured to at least partially contain the second fluid.

Abstract: A hydrodesulfurization device includes a hydro-desulfurizer configured to remove a sulfur component from a raw material; and a heater configured to heat the hydro-desulfurizer; wherein the hydro-desulfurizer includes a plurality of blocks formed by division in a circumferential direction and disposed annularly around an outer periphery of the heater; wherein the hydro-desulfurizer is configured such that the raw material having passed through inside of each of the blocks moves to its adjacent block; and wherein the hydro-desulfurizer is configured such that adjacent blocks are communicated with each other and the raw material flows in the adjacent blocks in opposite directions.

Abstract: An apparatus for the solvent extraction of oil-bearing materials having a two-deck, loop-shaped housing is provided. The apparatus has a feed inlet for the materials and an outlet for the solvent-wet extracted materials. An assembly of two or more endless chains are connected by a series of baffle plates and driven by a set of two or more drive sprockets that transport the materials from the feed inlet to the outlet over an upper deck, along an elbow and over a lower deck the end of which serves as a draining section, both of which decks retain the materials but let miscella pass through. Inside the housing, the materials are sprayed with solvent that percolates through the materials and is collected below the decks and sprayed again onto the materials in a counter-current manner.

Abstract: A fluid delivery apparatus is provided for supplying a fluid mixture to a distillation column or reactor. The apparatus can be used to enhance the heat duty, the flow and/or the flow stability of an existing thermosiphon reboiler which supplies a heated fluid to the column or reactor. The apparatus includes an integrated eductor which receives and increases the fluid velocity of a supplemental fluid into which the heated fluid is aspirated to form a fluid mixture then delivered to the column or reactor. A process and a system utilizing the apparatus are also disclosed, as well as a method of retrofitting an existing system with the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of pharmaceutical sciences. More specifically, the present invention includes apparatus and devices for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations containing large diameter synthetic membrane vesicles, such as multivesicular liposomes, methods for preparing such formulations, and the use of specific formulations for therapeutic treatment of subjects in need thereof. Formation and use of the pharmaceutical formulations containing large diameter synthetic membrane vesicles produced by using the apparatus and devices for therapeutic treatment of subjects in need thereof is also contemplated.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of pharmaceutical sciences. More specifically, the present invention includes apparatus and devices for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations containing large diameter synthetic membrane vesicles, such as multivesicular liposomes, methods for preparing such formulations, and the use of specific formulations for therapeutic treatment of subjects in need thereof. Formation and use of the pharmaceutical formulations containing large diameter synthetic membrane vesicles produced by using the apparatus and devices for therapeutic treatment of subjects in need thereof is also contemplated.

Abstract: In a tire constituted with a thermoplastic material and a material different from the thermoplastic material, the thermoplastic material and the material different from the thermoplastic material are easily and efficiently separated. While a tire 10 formed of a thermoplastic material is being turned, heated air is ejected from a nozzle 46 of a heating apparatus 44, and the surface of a crown portion 16 is melted. An end portion of a cord 26 embedded in a helical arrangement, which is formed of a material different from the thermoplastic material, is extracted from the melted region, and is sequentially wound onto a reel 58.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit board having high density circuit and excellent connection reliability and lamination reliability. A resin fabric cloth (4) is provided by arranging single fibers (4a) or fiber bundles composed of a plurality of single fibers, which single fiber has a linear thermal expansion coefficient smaller than that of silicon, at least in two directions and alternately weaving them. In the board, the resin fabric cloth is covered with a resin portion (5) made of a resin material having a linear thermal expansion coefficient larger than that of silicon.

Abstract: A method of treating a polymerization reactor effluent stream comprising recovering the reactor effluent stream from the polymerization reactor, flashing the reactor effluent stream to form a flash gas stream, separating the flash gas stream into a first top stream, a first bottom stream, and a side stream, wherein the side stream substantially comprises hexane, separating the first top stream into a second top stream and a second bottom stream, wherein the second bottom stream substantially comprises isobutane, and separating the second top stream into a third top stream and a third bottom stream; wherein the third top stream substantially comprises ethylene, and wherein the third bottom stream is substantially free of olefins.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for increasing the concentration of a chemical substance in a fluid comprise a micro-fluidic elongated channel formed in a substrate, with the channel being in fluid-flow communication with an ambient region along its elongated dimension. In general, the fluid includes first and second chemical substances having different vapor pressures. The apparatus includes an evaporation controller for increasing the evaporation rate of the fluid from the channel into the ambient region, thereby increasing the concentration of the lower vapor pressure (LVP) substance in the portion of the fluid remaining in the channel and increasing the concentration of the higher vapor pressure (HVP) substance in the portion of the fluid evaporated into the ambient region.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for extracting hydrogen from lithium hydride. The apparatus includes a container for melting lithium hydride and a vacuum source for extracting hydrogen from the molten lithium hydride. A source of hydrogen may be provided to re-hydride the lithium metal, such that the apparatus provides a rechargeable source of hydrogen. A method of producing high purity lithium metal is also provided, where gaseous-phase lithium metal is extracted from lithium hydride and condensed to form solid high purity lithium metal. The high purity lithium metal may be hydrided to provide high purity lithium hydride.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatus for the production of a uranium yellowcake from a uranium peroxide precipitate, the peroxide precipitate being in the form of a low solids content, uranium rich feed slurry, the apparatus including: a. a thickener for thickening the feed slurry to produce a thickener underflow with a solids content in the range of 15 to 50% w/w and a thickener overflow; b. a means for dewatering the thickener underflow to produce a solids cake with a solids content of at least 50% w/w and a dewater overflow; and c. an indirectly heated kiln for heating the solids cake at a temperature suitable to produce either a calcined uranium trioxide yellowcake or a dried uranium peroxide yellowcake.

Abstract: A continuous method and an arrangement for separation of crude tall oil (CTO) from black liquor. The method involves an initial separation within a tank and/or within a centrifugal separator, and processing of the thus separated tall oil soap product by acidulation and/or splitting, followed by further separation, e.g. by centrifugation. The black liquor fraction may be processed for further CTO retrieval, before evaporation and feeding to a recovery boiler.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for melting incineration ash generated in an incinerator using a steam plasma torch which is capable of minimizing secondary pollutants and collecting calcium chloride from the melt. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for treating incineration ash, including: generating a melt by melting the incineration ash comprising fly ash and bottom ash using a steam plasma torch; cooling the melt using water to dissolve molten salt included in the melt in the water and vitrify slag included in the melt; and collecting calcium chloride from the water in which the molten salt is dissolved.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a chamber where a base concentrate common to at least a first flavored food product and a second flavored food product is formed, the first flavored food product having different flavoring than the second flavored food product, the base concentrate having a first temperature. The apparatus also comprises a process line that receives the base concentrate from the chamber, heated liquid from a heated liquid source, and flavoring from either a first flavor source or a second flavor source to form a mixture of base concentrate, heated liquid and flavoring. The mixture has a has second temperature sufficient to achieve a change in the mixture selected from the group consisting of microbial change, chemical change, biochemical change, and enzymatic change, and combinations thereof. A method is also disclosed for change over from forming a first flavored food product to forming a second flavored food product.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for recovering residual salt from the reduced uranium metal. The apparatus comprising: an evaporating chamber accommodating mixed molten salt or a reduced uranium metal; a heating furnace surrounding the evaporating chamber to heat the mixed molten salt in the evaporating chamber; an insulator disposed over the evaporating chamber to block heat generated from the evaporating chamber, and including an evaporating pipe in a center thereof to move vapor generated from the evaporating chamber; a receiver disposed over the insulator to collect powder formed by condensing and solidifying vapor passing through the evaporating pipe; and a condenser disposed over the receiver to prevent the vapor passing through the evaporating pipe from leaking out of the apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is provided an evaporator/calciner in which hazardous materials, such as radioactive liquids, are converted into chemically stable, solid forms by evaporating, drying and calcination within a single vessel, that can then be sealed and used for long term storage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for purifying an analyte from a fluid sample. The device comprises a channel or tubing having an inner surface that binds to the analyte of interest in the fluid sample. As the fluid sample flows through the channel, the analyte of interest binds to the inner wall of the channel. The bound analyte is then eluted using a small bolus of elution buffer. The channel generates a high surface area for capturing the analyte in a large volume sample, but allows low liquid elution volume for concentrating the analyte into a small volume.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for increasing the concentration of a chemical substance in a fluid comprise a micro-fluidic elongated channel formed in a substrate, with the channel being in fluid-flow communication with an ambient region along its elongated dimension. In general, the fluid includes first and second chemical substances having different vapor pressures. The apparatus includes an evaporation controller for increasing the evaporation rate of the fluid from the channel into the ambient region, thereby increasing the concentration of the lower vapor pressure (LVP) substance in the portion of the fluid remaining in the channel and increasing the concentration of the higher vapor pressure (HVP) substance in the portion of the fluid evaporated into the ambient region.

Abstract: By a method and a device for preventing corrosion on and in the region of a gas inlet nozzle during nitric acid condensation, contact of the condensing gas with the nozzle and with the surroundings of the nozzle are supposed to be minimized. This is achieved in that the gas inlet nozzle has a sleeve on the inside in the transition region to the interior of the condenser, by which sleeve a gas inlet orifice in the form of an annular gap is formed, whereby the annular space is provided with at least one feed opening for secondary air, so that an enveloping flow of secondary air is produced around the entering NO gas.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a chamber where a base concentrate common to at least a first flavored food product and a second flavored food product is formed, the first flavored food product having different flavoring than the second flavored food product, the base concentrate having a first temperature. The apparatus also comprises a process line that receives the base concentrate from the chamber, heated liquid from a heated liquid source, and flavoring from either a first flavor source or a second flavor source to form a mixture of base concentrate, heated liquid and flavoring. The mixture has a has second temperature sufficient to achieve a change in the mixture selected from the group consisting of microbial change, chemical change, biochemical change, and enzymatic change, and combinations thereof. A method is also disclosed for change over from forming a first flavored food product to forming a second flavored food product.

Abstract: A method of safely vaporizing liquid chlorine containing high concentrations of nitrogen trichloride contaminant from a chloralkali plant. In a vertical plug-flow vaporizer having an upward flow direction, a stream of liquid chlorine containing nitrogen trichloride is received. A gas such as air, nitrogen or chlorine gas is introduced into the liquid stream upstream of the boiling zone of the vaporizer to induce a flow regime, for example annular flow or mist flow, that prevents a mass accumulation of nitrogen trichloride in the vaporizer. The liquid chlorine containing nitrogen trichloride is vaporized. The resulting gas stream may be processed to destroy the nitrogen trichloride and recycled to the chlorine production train.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for generating a vapor to be injected into a flue gas stream are described. Apparatus comprises a fluid vaporization and injection assembly further comprising: a stripper for producing first ammonia vapor and a first aqueous ammonia solution from a second aqueous ammonia solution; a reflux tank for producing a second ammonia vapor and the second aqueous ammonia solution from the first ammonia vapor and the first aqueous ammonia solution; and a first outlet for outputting the second ammonia vapor for introduction into the flue gas.

Abstract: An apparatus for the extraction of plant constituents such as may be used in the production of traditional Chinese medicines. The apparatus uses a fluid chamber to hold a mixture of plant and carrier fluid which is then passed through a conduit through a second chamber. The second chamber includes microwave sources to heat the mixture and preferably, some mechanical mechanisms to create turbulence to assist in breaking cell walls within the plant material. The heated mixture is returned to the fluid chamber and the process continued on further fluid and plant mixture until the batch itself is at elevated temperature and retained for a predetermined period of time. The resultant mixture may then be processed through a microwave assisted condensation process to provide a condense extract for eventual use.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a treatment method having excellent purification effect, in which impurities having high ionicity in a silica powder can be removed in a short time, a apparatus thereof, and a purified silica powder. [Means for Solving the Problems] A purification method of a silica powder comprises: making a silica powder into a fluid state; contacting a purified gas to the silica powder in the fluid state at high temperature; and thereby removing impurity components of the silica powder. In the method, the silica powder in the fluid state is positioned in a magnetic field region. Further, the silica powder is contacted with the purified gas, while applying voltage to the silica powder by an electric field generated by moving of the silica powder. Preferably, the silica powder in a fluid state is positioned in the magnetic region of 10 gausses or more, and contacted with the purification gas at a temperature of 1000° C. or more.

Abstract: The device according to the invention for performing chemical and/or physical reactions between a solid material and a gas, especially for preheating, cooling and/or calcining fine-grained materials has at least three stages arranged one above the other, each stage comprising the following components: a. a gas-solids suspension duct for conducting a gas-solids suspension, b. means for separating the delivered solid material from the delivered gas, c. a solids duct for discharging the separated solid material, d. and a gas duct for discharging the separated gas, the gas duct of one stage merging into the gas-solids suspension duct of the next-higher stage and the solids duct of one stage joining the gas-solids suspension duct of the next-lower stage. In addition, the junction of the solids duct and the gas-solids suspension duct of the third or a higher stage is provided below the highest point of the gas-solids suspension duct arranged two stages lower.

Abstract: A method and installation for the production of a coarse-grained ammonium sulfate product by crystallization includes firstly generating a crystal having a grain smaller than the desired grain size in a pre-crystallizer and withdrawing a suspension therefrom, from which the fine crystal was previously separated in a classification connecting piece. This suspension, which contains medium-sized grain, is then conducted with a proportion of undersaturated mother liquor, which is sufficient for further crystal growth, into a DTB product crystallizer and crystallized therein to a desired grain size. The heating of the product crystallizer is performed by the heat contained in the vapors of the pre-crystallization. The pre-crystallization may also operate according to the DTB principle, wherein the mother liquor needed for crystallization is supplied in the form of separately admixed concentrated sulfuric acid and ammonia into the external solution loop of the pre-crystallizer.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing hydrogen halide and water from hydrolysates that were obtained by way of halogen-acid hydrolysis from vegetable biomasses, characterized in that: —said apparatus comprises two containers, which are connected to each other by a tube, —at the inlet of the first container two flows are fed, one representing the hydrolysates and the other a heat transfer medium, which dissolves in the hydrolysate only to an economically justifiable extent (no additional process steps due to potential contamination during mixing), or enriches matter therefrom, —both flows are sprayed together in the first container, thereby producing a homogeneous mixing of the two flows, including heat transfer, which subsequently results in complete evaporation of water and the hydrogen halide dissolved in the hydrolysates, —the evaporation produces a mixture of granular solid bodies and heat transfer medium droplets, which is pulled from the first container into the second container via the connecting tube by way of a

Abstract: A solution component recovery method, a solution component recovery apparatus, and an impregnation process/impregnation component recovery system for separating a first component from a second component. The separation between the first and second components is accomplished by reducing the pressure on a solution that contains the first component, which results in the solidification of the first component in the solution at a temperature that is equal to or higher than a predetermined solidification temperature. The second component, in which the first component is dissolved, is evaporated at a temperature range that is less than the predetermined solidification temperature. The evaporated second component is then recovered by a cooling step.

Abstract: Methods for increasing methane emitted from organic waste and for collecting methane and other gaseous bi-products. A gas collection unit collects gas in a first separation tank, wherein the gas is separated into methane and other components. The methane is collected, and other components are diverted. A second separation tank receives diverted components combined with an acidic solution and further separates the components into carbon dioxide and other compounds. The carbon dioxide is collected for reuse in a variety of applications.

Abstract: A method for separating a hydrocarbon content from a hydrocarbon contaminated matrix is disclosed. The method comprises controlling a water content of a feed material comprising the hydrocarbon contaminated matrix; continuously conveying the feed material into a treatment cavity (3), exposing the feed material in a treatment area (8) of the treatment cavity to microwave radiation arranged to cause rapid heating of at least a portion of the water content to form steam, wherein the rapid steam formation results in thermal desorption of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon content from the matrix; and continuously removing the treated matrix from the treatment cavity.

Abstract: A water bath in which a process of agitation is used. The blood, blood product, or any product that is thawed at or needs to remain heated at 25-40 degrees Celsius is used.

Abstract: Systems and methods and resulting compositions of matter including silicon solids from a mixture of silicon and water. The mixture is collected at a collection stage from at least one wafer abrasion process performed on a silicon surface having an impurity concentration ?0.1 ppb and extracting one portion of the water from the mixture using at least one dryer stage to form a dry cake. The dry cake includes at least 99.99% silicon by weight excluding water and non-silicon species, where a concentration of water in the dry cake is between 0.05% and 1% by weight, and where a concentration of non-silicon species in the dry cake is between 0.05% and 1% by weight.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide contained within exhaust gas is combined with bivalent metal ions such as calcium ions or the like in concentrated salt water to form precipitated calcium carbonate and then can be expelled out. Such an environmental friendly design is realized by a bottle upside down device with a bottle neck exit on a bottom. A piston inside the device can be elevated to a top portion to produce a near vacuum air pressure inside the device. All the brine, exhaust gas, and oxygen, ozone drawn together into the device can be accelerated to form, at least, precipitated calcium carbonate to reduce carbon dioxide contained within the exhaust gas. Chemical reaction is accelerated by a high voltage discharger below the piston and by flashing a portion of water to atomize the brine. A heater can heat up the near vacuum device to accelerate chemical reaction.

Abstract: A system (10) for regenerating a rich absorbent solution (26), the system including: an absorber (20) facilitating interaction between a process stream (22) and an absorbent solution, wherein the process stream comprises an acidic component, and interaction of the process stream with the absorbent solution produces a reduced acidic component stream (28) and a rich absorbent solution; at least one heat exchanger accepting at least one of said reduced acidic component stream and the process stream to transfer heat to a heat transfer fluid (60); and at least one mechanism (60a) to transfer the heat transfer fluid from said at least one heat exchanger to a regenerator (34) regenerating the rich absorbent solution, wherein each of the at least one mechanisms is fluidly coupled to each of the at least one heat exchangers.

Abstract: A steam steriliser is described wherein the means of generation of the vacuum is a vacuum pump functioning in conditions of saturated or almost saturated steam at high temperatures, without a cooling system, and comprising a circuit of lubrication with a tank, wherein a lubricant fluid circulates, resistant to high temperatures and with high anti-emulsifying power, with means of filtration able to separate the steam from the lubricator fluid.

Abstract: A solid ammonia storage and delivery material comprising an ammonia absorbing/desorbing solid material, said storage and delivery material having been compacted to a density above 50% of the theoretic skeleton density provides a solid ammonia storage material which is easy to produce and handle and has a very high density of stored ammonia which is readily released under controlled conditions even though the porosity of the material is very low, and which storage material is safe for storage and transport of ammonia without special safety measures.

Abstract: A system for microbially deactivating items. The system includes a circulation system for circulating a microbial decontamination fluid through a deactivation chamber that forms a part of the circulation system. A container for holding items to be deactivated is provided. The container has a sealable cavity in which the items to be deactivated may be placed, and at least one valve element that is movable between an open and a closed position to regulate fluid flow into the cavity. An actuator in the deactivation chamber is operable to move the valve element to an open position when the container is disposed within the deactivation chamber, wherein the cavity within the container is in fluid communication with the circulation system when the valve element is in the open position.

Abstract: A sample concentrator for concentrating analytes in a solvent-containing liquid sample stream, including concentrator housing having a sample stream flow channel and a gas stream flow channel having an inlet and an outlet, a heater for gas in the gas stream conduit, and a hydrophilic ion exchange or non-ionic membrane barrier separating said gas stream flow channel and said sample stream flow channel. Solvent is evaporated from the liquid sample stream in said sample stream flow channel in or at the interface with said membrane, when the gas stream is at an elevated temperature. A regeneration step is used to regenerate the ion exchange membrane barrier.

Abstract: A vacuum vessel for continuous or semi-continuous treatment of oils in connection with deodorization comprises spaces (12, 121, 122) through which oil to be treated is brought to pass and means to heat or cool the oil in the form of U-tubes. There are perforated pipes (26) arranged at the bottom of said spaces to lead stripping gas into said oil. The vessel has a connection to a vacuum source (7). The spaces in the vessel are arranged such that the oil to be treated in the vessel flows through the same by gravity. The heating or cooling medium passing the U-tubes is arranged to be pumped therethrough. The U-tubes for heating or cooling medium are arranged in such a way in said spaces that the flow of oil is counter-current to the flow of heating or cooling medium all through the vessel and a number of U-tubes are arranged in groups (13), parallel and in rows above each other in said spaces.

Abstract: The invention concerns laser decontamination of the surface of a shaped component (3). Said decontamination comprises the following steps: successively impinging parts of the surface of the shaped component (3) with pulsed laser beams of wavelengths in the ultraviolet range and enabling the surface layer of the shaped component (3) to be ablated in the form of particles, the laser beams being distributed so as to cover simultaneously each treated part; and recuperating by suction said particles.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the preparation of melamine connected through a carbamate concentration unit, comprising a desorption column in which a gas stream, comprising ammonia, carbon dioxide and water is generated, with a process for the preparation of urea, comprising a heat exchanger wherein a urea containing stream is present, wherein the gas stream, comprising ammonia, carbon dioxide and water, is send to the heat exchanger, wherein heat is exchanged with the urea containing stream and the gas stream, comprising ammonia, carbon dioxide and water is cooled and at least partially condensed to obtain an ammonium carbamate solution that is send to the process for the preparation of urea.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus useful for the separation of hazardous and non-hazardous organic and inorganic constituents from various matrices. A method of separating such constituents is also provided.