Abstract: The invention provides for the integration of a CO-consuming process, such as a gas fermentation process, with a CO2 electrolysis process. The invention is capable of utilizing a CO2-comprising gaseous substrate generated by an industrial process and provides for one or more removal modules to remove at least one constituent from a CO2-comprising gaseous substrate prior to passage of the gaseous substrate to a CO2 electrolysis module. The invention may further comprise one or more pressure modules, one or more CO2 concentration modules, one or more O2 separation modules, and/or an H2 electrolysis module. Carbon conversion efficiency is increased by recycling CO2 produced by a CO-consuming process to the CO2 electrolysis process.

Abstract: A method (200) for desulfurization of a flue gas in a desulfurization unit of an industrial plant, includes receiving (202) a plurality of baseline parameters corresponding to the desulfurization unit of the industrial plant. The method further includes measuring (204), using a stack sensor, an emission value of sulfur oxides in the flue gas. The method also includes estimating (208), using a controller, a desirable value of a slurry parameter for desulfurization of the flue gas based on the measured emission value of the sulfur oxides. The method further includes determining (208), using the controller, at least one desulfurization parameter based on the desirable value of the slurry parameter. The method also includes controlling (210), using the controller, operation of the desulfurization unit based on the at least one desulfurization parameter to modify consumption of at least one of a slurry and an auxiliary power in the industrial plant.

Abstract: A method of optimizing a hydrogen sulfide scavenger blend that includes selecting a hydrogen sulfide scavenger blend comprising at least two hydrogen sulfide scavengers; determining a scavenging capacity for the blend; modifying at least one blend parameter based on the determined scavenging capacity; redetermining the scavenging capacity for the modified blend; and selecting an optimized blend from the blend and the modified blend is disclosed.

Abstract: A flue gas desulfurization system that suppresses accumulation of solids on the bottom surface of the desulfurized flue gas inflow chamber of the system is provided, the system includes an absorber solution chamber so that the flue gas can be blown into the solution, a desulfurized flue gas inflow chamber for receiving the inflow of the desulfurized flue gas, a gas flow pipe penetrating between the absorber solution chamber and the desulfurized flue gas inflow chamber to allow the desulfurized flue gas to pass through the pipe, a cleansing solution feed pipe for feeding cleansing solution into the desulfurized flue gas inflow chamber, and at least one cleansing solution discharge pipe, discharging the fed cleansing solution from the desulfurized flue gas inflow chamber. The desulfurized flue gas inflow chamber has a bottom surface including a protrusion zone having a plurality of protrusions. Each protrusion has an inclined top surface.

Abstract: A method for the purification of a raw gas stream by selective catalytic oxidation, in which organic and inorganic sulfur compounds, halogenated and non-halogenated volatile organic compounds are selectively oxidized without substantially oxidizing the lower hydrocarbons and the sulfur containing compounds present in the gas to sulfur trioxide and excess of oxygen is removed by oxidation of lower alcohols, ethers or hydrogen added to the raw gas stream upstream the catalytic oxidation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing potassium thiosulfate, potassium sulfite or potassium bisulfite comprising the following steps: Step (1a): providing a potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate solution for neutralizing acid forming components such as dissolving SO2 or H2S; Step (1b): providing an SO2 contacting solution, containing at least some potassium sulfite or potassium bisulfite or potassium thiosulfate; Step (2): providing SO2 gas; Step (3): reacting these to absorb the SO2 gas and to form an intermediate reaction mixture comprising potassium sulfite, or potassium bisulfite or a mixture thereof, and optionally recovering the potassium sulfite, or potassium bisulfite or a mixture thereof, and/or optionally using steps 4 and 5; Step (4): adding sulfur or sulfide containing compound containing sulfur having the oxidation state of 0, ?2 or of between 0 and ?2 to the reaction mixture and optionally potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate, and reacting the mixture under suitable cond

Abstract: Provided is an air pollution control system including: a boiler, a denitration apparatus; an air heater; a precipitator; a desulfurization apparatus; a dehydrator; a concentration apparatus that is configured to remove some of water of dehydrated filtrate from the dehydrator; a spray drying apparatus provided with a spray unit that is configured to spray concentrated/dehydrated filtrate concentrated by the concentration apparatus; and a flue gas introduction line through which branch gas branched from the flue gas is introduced to the spray drying apparatus.

Abstract: Methods for removing sulfur dioxide front a gas stream are disclosed. A method may include passing a gas stream comprising SO2 through a gas scrubbing apparatus. A scrubbing liquor comprising hydroxide ions and at least one oxidation catalyst may be flowed into the gas scrubbing apparatus, thereby contacting the gas stream with the scrubbing liquor. In response to the contacting, at least 90 wt. % of the sulfur dioxide may be removed from the gas stream. Concomitant to the contacting, at least some of the sulfur dioxide may react with at least some of the hydroxide ions, thereby forming sulfite ions in the scrubbing liquor. Some of the sulfite ions may be oxidized, via the oxidation catalyst, thereby forming sulfate ions in the scrubbing liquor. A used scrubbing liquor may be discharged from the scrubbing apparatus.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a system and method for efficient removal of sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) contained in an exhaust gas generated from fuel combustion and efficient treatment of water containing microorganizms (e.g. ballast water).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removal of SO2 from exhaust gas from a marine engine or a marine boiler of a ship. The exhaust gas from said marine engine or marine boiler is cooled and washed with seawater in a first scrubber section, and subsequently, in a second scrubber section, washed with circulating freshwater with an addition of an alkaline chemical. The circulating freshwater used for washing is warmer than the seawater used for cooling in the first scrubber section. The warmer freshwater is indirectly heat exchanged with cold seawater. The exhaust gas washed in the first scrubber section is passed via a demister unit before it is washed with circulating freshwater in the second scrubber section. The invention further relates to a corresponding scrubber system.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a treatment method and a plant of an exhaust gas in which corrosion resistance of the exhaust gas treatment plant to a sulfuric acid mist after wet type desulfurization is increased. The treatment method of an exhaust gas in the present invention, wherein sulfur oxide is removed by wet type desulfurization of the exhaust gas and a sulfuric acid mist is removed by feeding ammonia into the exhaust gas, is characterized in that an ammonia gas is mixed into the exhaust gas by feeding inorganic ammonium salt to an alkali desulfurizing agent when the desulfurizing agent is sprayed into the exhaust gas to absorb and remove the sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas.

Abstract: This invention presents innovative methods for desulfurizing flue gas in conjunction with selective inorganics recovery using calcium chloroaluminate or calcium chloroferrate as a layered double hydroxide reagent. One of the aspects of such methods is based on scrubbing SO2 in a standalone closed loop. Further aspects of such methods are based on scrubbing SO2 by the natural alkalinity of a saline stream as a once-through sink along with controlled precipitation of magnesium hydroxide and a calcium-based mineral in a standalone basis; or in conjunction with desalination methods and/or enhanced hydrocarbons recovery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for cleaning a CO2 rich flue gas stream containing water vapor and NOX prior to CO2 sequestration. The method and system include heating the flue gas stream to a temperature suitable for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOX in a flue gas heater, reducing at least some of the NOX in the heated flue gas stream to N2 by SCR, and removing at least some of the water vapor from the NOX depleted flue gas stream by adsorption in an adsorption drier.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the selective removal of contaminants from effluent gases. More particularly, various embodiments of the present invention relate to selective removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from effluent gases in a regenerative sulfur dioxide absorption/desorption process that achieves favorable energy efficiency. Energy is recovered from a wet stripper overhead gas stream produced in the desorption cycle by indirect transfer of heat from the stripper gas to a cooling medium and used to generate steam for use in stripping contaminants from the absorption liquor. The absorption zone may optionally be cooled to enhance the capacity of the absorption medium for absorption of a contaminant gas, thereby lowering the volume of absorption medium and contaminant-enriched absorption liquor that must be pumped, handled, heated and cooled in the absorption/desorption cycle.

Abstract: A wet scrubber (10) useful for cleaning a process gas (F) comprising at least a first spray level system (40) and a second spray level system (48) arranged compactly vertically above the first spray level system (40) in a wet scrubber tower (14). Each spray level system (40, 48) is equipped with a plurality of atomizing flattened relatively wide spray angle nozzles (56) for atomizing an absorption liquid (AL) supplied thereto for contact and intermixing with the process gas (F) for removal of environmental pollutants therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for removing mercaptans from a gas stream gas stream, comprising the steps: a) providing a first mercaptan-comprising gas stream comprising at least a mercaptan of the general formula: R1—SH, wherein R1 is an alkyl group comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and b) contacting the mercaptan-comprising gas stream with an absorption medium comprising a substituted disulphide and a nitrogen-containing base to obtain a second mercaptan-depleted gas stream, wherein: the substituted disulphide is of the general formula R2—SS—R3 wherein: R2 and R3 are carbon comprising substituents of which the corresponding R2—SH and R3—SH thiols have a vapor pressure below the vapor pressure of any R1—SH thiol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for removing mercaptans from a gas stream. In the process, a first mercaptan-comprising gas stream comprising at least a mercaptan of the general formula: R1—SH, wherein R1 is an alkyl group comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an acid component is contacted with an absorption medium to obtain a mercaptan-depleted gas stream. The absorption medium includes a substituted disulphide and a base. The substituted disulphide is of the general formula R2—SS—R3, wherein R2 and R3 are carbon comprising substituents of which the corresponding R2—SH and R3—SH thiols have a vapor pressure below the vapor pressure of any R1—SH thiol, and at least one of R2 and R3 is an electron withdrawing group.

Abstract: Methods related generally to the removal of atmospheric pollutants from the gas phase, are provided, as well as related apparatus, processes and uses thereof. A single-stage air scrubbing apparatus is provided that includes at least one reaction vessel, at least one introduction duct, and a turbulence component, wherein a residence time is sufficient to allow the conversion of at least one atmospheric pollution compound to at least one other compound, molecule or atom. In some embodiments, the at least one atmospheric pollution compound comprises nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide or a combination thereof. Additionally, methods of removing atmospheric pollution compounds from a waste gas stream are disclosed that include introducing a waste gas stream and at least one additional gas stream, mist stream, liquid stream or combination thereof into a single-stage air scrubbing apparatus at a flow rate sufficient to allow for conversion of the at least one atmospheric pollution compound.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the removal of SO2 from waste combustion flue gas are described herein. One such system for removing SO2 from waste combustion flue gas containing SO2 uses a semi-dry desulfurization system for contacting the flue gas with a solvent moistened absorption material. Thereafter, a recirculated water quench is used for contacting the flue gas with recirculated water at a relatively low pH, followed by a condenser used for contacting the flue gas with a water spray. Additionally, a NaOH supply for supplying NaOH to the condenser and an oxidizing catalyst supply for supplying an oxidizing catalyst to the condenser, are likewise used to produce cleaned flue gas for release to the atmosphere.

Abstract: SOx removal equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from flue gas from a boiler, a cooler which is provided on the downstream side of the SOx removal equipment, for reducing the sulfur oxides from the flue gas and for decreasing a gas temperature, CO2 recovery equipment including: an absorber for bringing CO2 in the flue gas into contact with a CO2 absorption liquid so as to be reduced; and a regenerator for causing the CO2 absorption liquid to emit CO2 so as to recover CO2 and regenerate the CO2 absorption liquid, and a wet type electric dust collector for reducing a mist generation material which is a generation source of mist that is generated in the absorber of the CO2 recovery equipment before introducing the flue gas to the CO2 recovery equipment, are included.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removal of SO2 from exhaust gas from a marine engine or a marine boiler of a ship. The exhaust gas from said marine engine or marine boiler is cooled and washed with seawater in a first scrubber section, and subsequently, in a second scrubber section, washed with circulating freshwater with an addition of an alkaline chemical. The circulating freshwater used for washing is warmer than the seawater used for cooling in the first scrubber section. The warmer freshwater is indirectly heat exchanged with cold seawater. The exhaust gas washed in the first scrubber section is passed via a demister unit before it is washed with circulating freshwater in the second scrubber section. The invention further relates to a corresponding scrubber system.

Abstract: An in-situ forced oxidation wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus, method and arrangement for utilization with oxy-fuel combustion power plants. The apparatus is a tower-like structure having a flue gas scrubbing zone and a reaction zone located subjacent to the gas scrubbing zone. A sulfur oxide absorbing liquid slurry is supplied to the gas scrubbing zone to react with and scrub the sulfur oxides from the flue gas. The partially reacted liquid slurry reagent and the scrubbed products drain into the reaction zone, rising to a set level. Oxidation air is introduced into the liquid slurry in the reaction zone to force the in-situ oxidation of sulfur compounds collected in the reaction zone.

Abstract: To include a boiler 11 that burns fuel F, an air heater 13 that recovers heat of flue gas 18 from the boiler 11, a first precipitator 14 that reduces dust in the flue gas 18 after heat recovery, a desulfurizer 15 that reduces sulfur oxides in the flue gas 18 after dust reduction by an absorbent, a dewaterer 32 that reduces gypsum 31 from desulfurization discharged water 30 discharged from the desulfurizer 15, a spray drying device 34 including an atomizer that atomizes a dewatering filtration fluid 33 discharged from the dewaterer 32, and a flue-gas introducing line L11 that introduces a part of the flue gas 18 into the spray drying device 34.

Abstract: A circular utilization method in pulping and papermaking processes with straw Primary pulp is obtained by digesting straw raw material according to the ammonium sulfite method. Concentrated black liquor is extruded from the primary pulp; paper pulp and diluted black liquor. The concentrated black liquor and the diluted black liquor are mixed, and a contaminated condensate is obtained. A residual concentrate or the concentrated black liquor is used for preparing a fertilizer. The contaminated condensate is mixed with one or more of the waste material obtained from stock preparation, a crop byproduct or organic waste, and substrate or fertilizer is obtained by fermenting the nitrogen source of the contaminated condensate or ammonium sulfite, or using the contaminated condensate for desulfurizing flue gas. Ammonia and flue gas are reacted to obtain the ammonium sulfite as a digestion agent; and water from recycling is used in corresponding phases of the pulping process.

Abstract: A process for reducing nitrogen oxides and halogenated organic compounds in an incineration plant having at least one combustion chamber. The process comprises separating out fly ash using a dust collector. Water is added to and hydrochloric acid separated out in a first acid-operated scrubber. Water and ammonia are added so as to separate out sulphur dioxide in a second neutral or slightly acid-operated scrubber so as to form ammonium sulphite, a portion of the ammonium sulphite thereby reacts with oxygen so as to form an aqueous ammonium sulphate/ammonium sulphite solution. The aqueous ammonium sulphate/ammonium sulphite solution is introduced into an oxygen-containing smoke gas downstream of a secondary gas introduction area so as to decompose the ammonium sulphate and ammonium sulphite so as to form ammonia and sulphur dioxide.

Abstract: A wet scrubber (8) for cleaning a process gas containing sulphur dioxide comprises an absorption vessel (40) operative for bringing the process gas into contact with an absorption liquid to absorb sulphur dioxide from the process gas. The wet scrubber (8) further comprises an acidification system (90) operative for mixing absorption liquid that has absorbed sulphur dioxide from the process gas with a carbon dioxide containing gas, an absorbent dissolution tank (54) operative for adding an absorbent material to at least a portion of the absorption liquid, and a return pipe (104) operative for returning to the absorption vessel (40) at least a portion of the absorption liquid that has been mixed with the carbon dioxide containing gas.

Abstract: A method for removing contaminants from a gas stream by feeding the gas stream into a scrubber that can use seawater as the scrubbing medium. The gas stream is first scrubbed with the seawater and then mixed with ozone to remove the contaminants. Nitrogen oxides that are present in the gas stream are converted to nitric acid/nitrates and these are recovered via condensate or coalesced mist for neutralization. The treated gas stream is then exhausted to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A method for treating exhaust gas is provided, which includes measuring SO3 concentration in the exhaust gas which contains at least SO2 and SO3 by using an SO3 gas analyzer; injecting fine particles into the exhaust gas after the step of measuring; cooling the exhaust gas after the step of injection, by recovering heat from the exhaust gas; collecting fly ash from the cooled exhaust gas; and removing at least SO2 from the exhaust gas after the step of collecting by absorbing the SO2 with an absorbing solution. In addition, an apparatus for treating exhaust gas is provided, which includes an SO3 gas analyzer; a fine particles injector; a heat exchanger; an electrostatic precipitator; an absorption tower; and a fine particle feed controller.

Abstract: A wet scrubber for removal of at least one gaseous pollutant from an effluent gas includes an inlet opening. A gas distributor is arranged in a wet scrubber housing and comprises a diffuser having a cover plate. The cover plate is arranged in the path of the effluent gas flowing into the wet scrubber housing. The diffuser has at least one diffuser channel for transporting the effluent gas from the inlet opening into the wet scrubber housing.

Abstract: A method for removing elemental sulfur from a hot gas stream, such as an autoclave vent gas, while simultaneously cooling the gas stream. The method results in conversion of sulfur in the hot gas stream to the form of solid, non-sticky sulfur allotropes such as rhombic sulfur while avoiding formation of sticky sulfur allotropes such as monoclinic sulfur, thereby avoiding scaling and fouling of plant equipment. According the method, the hot gas stream is contacted with an aqueous medium containing a particulate material inside a quench vessel having a first inlet for the hot gas stream, a second inlet for the aqueous medium, and an outlet for removing a sulfur-containing liquid fraction from the vessel. At least a portion of the sulfur contained in the hot gas stream, along with other condensable materials, becomes incorporated into the aqueous medium and is subsequently drained from the vessel.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a process for handling carbonyl sulfide waste and waste metal halides produced in industrial processes and, more particularly chlorination processes. The process includes the steps of hydrolyzing the carbonyl sulfide to produce a waste stream containing hydrogen sulfide and sulfidizing the resulting hydrogen sulfide containing stream with a solution of the waste metal halides. The resulting metal sulfide and metal halide-containing stream can be neutralized before disposal of the produced waste solids.

Abstract: An air pollution control system comprises a SOx removal equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from flue gas from a boiler, a cooler for reducing the sulfur oxides that remain in the flue gas and for decreasing a gas temperature, CO2 recovery equipment including an absorber for bringing CO2 in the flue gas into contact with a CO2 absorption liquid so as to be reduced, a regenerator for causing the CO2 absorption liquid to emit CO2 so as to recover CO2 and regenerate the CO2 absorption liquid, a heat exchanger which for decreasing a temperature of the flue gas, and calcium carbonate spraying equipment for spraying calcium carbonate between the heat exchanger and an electric dust collector, wherein a mist generation material in the flue gas is converted from a gas state to a mist state to arrest and reduce the mist generation material in the mist state using calcium carbonate.

Abstract: SOx removal equipment for reducing sulfur oxides from flue gas from a boiler, a cooler which is provided on the downstream side of the SOx removal equipment, for reducing the sulfur oxides from the flue gas and for decreasing a gas temperature, CO2 recovery equipment which includes an absorber for bringing CO2 in the flue gas into contact with a CO2 absorption liquid so as to be reduced and a regenerator for causing the CO2 absorption liquid to emit CO2 so as to recover CO2 and regenerate the CO2 absorption liquid, and dissolved salt spraying equipment for reducing a mist generation material which is a generation source of mist that is generated in the absorber of the CO2 recovery equipment before introducing the flue gas to the CO2 recovery equipment, are included.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of cleaning a process gas containing sulphur dioxide the method including removing sulphur dioxide from the process gas by contacting the process gas with seawater to generate an at least partly cleaned process gas in a first gas cleaning device. In a second gas cleaning device, being arranged in direct fluid connection with the first gas cleaning device, the at least partly cleaned process gas having passed through the first gas cleaning device is cooled to condense water there from, thereby generating a process gas having a reduced content of water vapour. At least a part of the condensed water generated in the second gas cleaning device is passed to the first gas cleaning device. The present invention moreover relates to a gas cleaning system for cleaning of a process gas containing sulphur dioxide.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provide and device and method to facilitate the treatment of chlorine bypass dust while preventing increases in chemical cost and concentrations of heavy metals in clinker, and ensuring stability in quality of cement, and to treat chlorine bypass exhaust gas while avoiding coating troubles in a cement kiln etc., and preventing heat losses in a preheater etc., without degradation of clinker production amount.

Abstract: A system & Method for Preventing Scaling in a Flue Gas Desulphurization System is provided. The system includes an injector configured to direct a barrier fluid toward a surface that is otherwise susceptible to scaling when it comes in contact with super-saturated alkaline solutions such as slurry used to capture CO2 from a flue gas stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for decomposing and/or removing hazardous substances using a photocatalytic material. The method of the present invention is sufficiently useful in fields requiring quick decomposition and/or removal of hazardous substances in gas and/or liquid phases. The decomposition method of the present invention using a photocatalytic material enables significantly efficient and rapid decomposition of hazardous substances in gas and/or liquid phases by causing a photocatalytic material to coexist with a dilute hydrogen peroxide solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbon nanocomposite sorbents. The present invention provides carbon nanocomposite sorbents, methods for making the same, and methods for separation of a pollutant from a gas that includes that pollutant. Various embodiments provide a method for reducing the mercury content of a mercury-containing gas.

Abstract: This invention provides novel processes utilizing compositions comprising substituted polyamines as acid gas scrubbing solutions and methods of using the compositions in an industrial system. The invention relates to the use of such polyamine compounds in industrial processes to remove acidic contaminants from natural and industrial fluid streams, such as natural gas, combustion gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, biogas, and other industrial fluid streams. The compositions and methods of the invention are useful for removal, absorption, or sequestration of acidic contaminants and sulfide contaminants including CO2, H2S, RSH, CS2, COS, and SO2.

Abstract: This invention provides novel compositions comprising substituted polyamines as acid gas scrubbing solutions and methods of using the compositions in an industrial system. The invention relates to the use of such polyamine compounds in industrial processes to remove acidic contaminants from natural and industrial fluid streams, such as natural gas, combustion gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, biogas, and other industrial fluid streams. The compositions and methods of the invention are useful for removal, absorption, or sequestration of acidic contaminants and sulfide contaminants including CO2, H2S, RSH, CS2, COS, and SO2.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present invention generates post-mercury oxidation exhaust gas by denitrating exhaust gas of a combustion apparatus, generates desulfurization drainage by desulfurizing the post-mercury oxidation exhaust gas, supplies the desulfurization drainage to the combustion apparatus, and controls a return amount, which is the amount of the desulfurization drainage reused for the desulfurization, based on a concentration of halogens in the desulfurization drainage. Such exhaust gas treatment apparatus can appropriately remove mercury from the exhaust gas, and can desulfurize the post-mercury oxidation exhaust gas more appropriately.

Abstract: A method for removing gas components SOx, NOx, and CO2 from a flue gas, comprises the steps of contacting the flue gas successively with first, second and third liquid mediums each of which provides a plasma containing reactive electrons or ions in an amount such that the gas molecules SOx, NOx, and CO2 are successively subjected to impingement of the electrons or ions in the respective plasma to enable the dissociation of the gas molecules SOx, NOx, and CO2 so as to remove SOx, NOx, and CO2 from the flue gas. A system for removing gas components SOx, NOx, and CO2 from a flue gas is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for minimizing the emission of particulate matter and precursors thereof from a flue gas stream of an engine comprising particulate matter and precursors thereof and at least one gaseous component. The process includes the steps of obtaining a flue gas stream of an engine comprising particulate matter and precursors thereof; increasing the moisture content of the stream by contacting it with a first aqueous medium in an amount and at a temperature at which at least 50% of the water content of the first aqueous medium is evaporated; whereby a moisture laden gas stream, optionally containing suspension droplets, is formed; cooling the moisture laden gas stream whereby suspension droplets are formed; and applying a centrifugal force to the moisture laden gas stream and to the suspension droplets to effect the swirling thereof, whereby a treated gaseous stream and an aqueous stream are formed.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for managing sulfur are disclosed. In some embodiments, the method comprise the following: obtaining material containing sulfur; refining the material to develop a high sulfur content heavy fraction fuel oil and a low sulfur content light fraction fuel oil; burning the low sulfur content light fraction fuel oil in apparatus that emit to the atmosphere; burning the high sulfur content heavy fraction fuel oil to produce energy thereby generating flue gas containing sulfur oxide; and removing and disposing of sulfur in the flue gas using a sulfur sequestration system that includes utilizing sulfur removed from the flue gas to form a brine material.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provide and device and method to facilitate the treatment of chlorine bypass dust while preventing increases in chemical cost and concentrations of heavy metals in clinker, and ensuring stability in quality of cement, and to treat chlorine bypass exhaust gas while avoiding coating troubles in a cement kiln etc., and preventing heat losses in a preheater etc., without degradation of clinker production amount.

Abstract: A method of reducing sulfur compounds from an incoming gas stream, comprising flowing the gas stream over a hydrolysis catalyst to convert COS and CS2 to H2S and reduce SO2 to elemental sulfur to form an effluent stream; providing an acidic gas removal unit comprising an absorbent; flowing said effluent stream over said absorbent to produce a stream free of acidic gases; applying an acidic-gas desorption mode to said acidic-gas rich absorbent to produce an acidic gas stream; introducing oxygen to said acidic gas-rich stream; providing a direct oxidation vessel containing catalyst suitable for catalyzing the oxidation of the H2S to sulfur wherein the temperature of the vessel is at or above the sulfur dew point at the reaction pressure; and flowing said acidic gas-rich stream over said catalyst to produce a processed stream having a reduced level of sulfur compounds.

Abstract: A method of using condensed water produced in a desulfurization apparatus includes the steps of: bringing a gas to be treated, containing a sulfur dioxide and a desulfurization absorption liquid, into contact with each other to absorb and eliminate the sulfur dioxide from the gas to be treated; cooling a desulfurized gas obtained by the elimination of the sulfur dioxide to produce condensed water from the desulfurized gas; and washing the desulfurization apparatus with the condensed water. In the step of washing the desulfurization apparatus, an inlet for introducing the gas to be treated into the desulfurization apparatus may be washed with the condensed water, and a mist eliminator for eliminating the desulfurization absorption liquid accompanying the desulfurized gas from the gas may be washed with the condensed water.

Abstract: A wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system includes an absorber vessel operable to remove pollutants from flue gas supplied thereto. The absorber vessel defines a slurry section for containing a reagent slurry therein and an outlet in fluid communication with the slurry section. The WFGD system includes a mercury removal vessel in fluid communication with outlet. The mercury removal vessel has activated carbon disposed therein.

Abstract: An air pollution control system 10A includes a boiler 11 that burns fuel, an air heater 13 that recovers heat of flue gas 17 from the boiler 11, and a desulfurizer 15 that reduces sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas 17 after heat recovery by an absorbent, and waste-water supplying units P0 to P5 that supply desulfurized waste water 28 discharged from the desulfurizer 15 to at least one of a path for supplying fuel to the boiler 11, inside of a furnace of the boiler 11, and the inside of a flue gas duct between the boiler 11 and the air heater 13 are installed. With this configuration, an amount of desulfurized waste water to be returned into the flue gas duct per unit time can be increased as compared to conventional systems, without increasing the size of the entire air pollution control system.

Abstract: This invention provides novel compositions comprising substituted polyamines as acid gas scrubbing solutions and methods of using the compositions in an industrial system. The invention relates to the use of such polyamine compounds in industrial processes to remove acidic contaminants from natural and industrial fluid streams, such as natural gas, combustion gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, biogas, and other industrial fluid streams. The compositions and methods of the invention are useful for removal, absorption, or sequestration of acidic contaminants and sulfide contaminants including CO2, H2S, RSH, CS2, COS, and SO2.