By Burning Or Catalytically Combusting Component Patents (Class 423/245.3)
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Publication number: 20030143143Abstract: Disclosed is a process for treating wastes discharged from an acrylic acid production process and a consecutive polyacrylic acid production process in which at least one waste selected from the group consisting of waste oil, waste water, and waste gas from said acrylic acid production process, and waste water and/or waste gas from said polyacrylic acid production process are combusted simultaneously.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 29, 2003Publication date: July 31, 2003Inventors: Yukihiro Matsumoto, Sei Nakahara, Kunihiko Ishizaki
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Publication number: 20030144143Abstract: This invention relates generally to a stabilization mechanism for use in oxidation/reduction catalyst systems. It particularly relates to a ruthenium stabilization mechanism that enables the use of inexpensive metallic species within catalyst systems targeted for the elimination of toxic emissions such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and other volatile organics, and specifically nitrogen oxide species. Said stabilization mechanism includes the use of zirconium-oxides in an oxidation-reduction catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 13, 2003Publication date: July 31, 2003Applicant: Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationInventors: Jeffrey D. Jordan, Anthony Neal Watkins, Jacqueline L. Schryer, Donald M. Oglesby
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Publication number: 20030139290Abstract: The invention described herein involves a novel approach to the production of oxidation/reduction catalytic systems. The present invention serves to stabilize the tin oxide reducible metal-oxide coating by co-incorporating at least another metal-oxide species, such as zirconium. In one embodiment, a third metal-oxide species is incorporated, selected from the group consisting of cerium, lanthanum, hafnium, and ruthenium. The incorporation of the additional metal oxide components serves to stabilize the active tin-oxide layer in the catalytic process during high-temperature operation in a reducing environment (e.g., automobile exhaust). Moreover, the additional metal oxides are active components due to their oxygen-retention capabilities. Together, these features provide a mechanism to extend the range of operation of the tin-oxide-based catalyst system for automotive applications, while maintaining the existing advantages.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 22, 2002Publication date: July 24, 2003Inventors: Jeffrey D. Jordan, David R. Schryer, Patricia P. Davis, Bradley D. Leighty, Anthony Neal Watkins, Jacqueline L. Schryer, Donald M. Oglesby
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Patent number: 6579509Abstract: Disclosed is a method for cleaning of the harmful gas, the method comprising mixing harmful gas, discharged from reaction processes using organic metal compounds as the reaction raw materials, with oxygen or air and thereafter bringing the mixture into contact with a catalyst obtained by carrying a noble metal on an inorganic support, a catalyst comprising at least one metal oxide selected from vanadium oxide, chromium oxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide and nickel oxide or a catalyst obtained by carrying the metal oxide on an inorganic support, at temperatures between 100° C. and 800° C. to clean the harmful gas. Disclosed also is an apparatus used in the method. The invention ensures that harmful components can be purified in an efficient manner without discharging organic compounds and a large amount of carbon dioxide after the harmful gas is purified, requiring no aftertreatment.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2000Date of Patent: June 17, 2003Assignee: Japan Pionics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kenji Otsuka, Naoki Muranaga, Satoshi Arakawa, Tomohisa Ikeda
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Patent number: 6569393Abstract: Method for treating atmospheric pollutants by contacting the atmosphere with a catalyst composition or adsorptive material coated on the surface of a substrate, preferably a motor vehicle radiator, in which the catalyst composition, preferably including a base metal, precious metal, or salts/oxides thereof, or adsorptive material, preferably including a zeolite, Group IIA alkaline earth metal oxide or carbon, is protected from degradation by harmful contaminants such as solid or aerosol particulates, water, SOx, NOx and water borne salts contained in the atmosphere by a coating of at least one porous protective material and a device useful therefor.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 2000Date of Patent: May 27, 2003Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Jeffrey B. Hoke, Ronald M. Heck, Fred M. Allen
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Patent number: 6565821Abstract: A process and a plant for removing the gaseous fluorocompounds or fluorosulphur compounds, such as CF4, C2F6, and SF6, present in a stream of xenon and/or krypton, by permeation via one or more membranes, such as polymer membranes. The xenon and/or krypton thus produced may then be further purified or separated by cryogenic distillation. Prior to the permeation step, the other impurities, particularly the hydrocarbons, may be removed by oxidative catalysis and subsequent adsorption of the carbon dioxides and of the water produced. The xenon, the krypton and the xenon/krypton mixtures free of gaseous fluorocompounds or fluorosulphur compounds and purified by such process can be used as plasma propulsion gas, especially for satellites, or as inter-pane insulation gas for a sealed unit, particularly for double-glazing windows.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2000Date of Patent: May 20, 2003Assignee: L'Air Liquide - Société Anonyme Á Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges ClaudeInventor: Philippe Fraysse
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Patent number: 6558642Abstract: A method and adsorption powder useful for the removal of mercury and other metals, as well as furans, dioxins and other organic compounds from high temperature and high moisture gaseous streams. The method utilizes an adsorption powder characterized as containing a carbon-based powder and an effective amount of cupric chloride suitable to remove metals and organic compounds. The powder may contain calcium hydroxide, sulfur, potassium permanganate, potassium iodide, and combinations thereof.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 2001Date of Patent: May 6, 2003Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.Inventors: Youssef El-Shoubary, Rudy Maes
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Patent number: 6548031Abstract: The invention relates to a method for purifying a gas stream containing impurities composed of organic compounds, said gas stream flowing out of a reactor (1) designed for solid phase condensation, preferably for aromatic polyesters and polyamides. According to said method, a gas containing at least oxygen is fed to the gas stream containing the impurities. The combined gas stream is then conveyed, at a high temperature, especially from 280° C. to 380° C., onto a catalyst (8) containing rhodium or a rhodium alloy on an inert porous support. It was found advantageous that the amount of oxygen used be hypo stoichiometric, in relation to the organic impurities, and/or that the ratio of oxygen to impurities be controlled by means of a lambda probe (A). Such a lambda probe (A) is used in a facility according to the invention.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2000Date of Patent: April 15, 2003Assignee: Buhler AGInventors: Claudemiro Ferreira, Urs Georg Naef, Camille Borer
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Publication number: 20030027719Abstract: An inside layer including zeolite and an outside layer including alumina and Pd are formed in a layered shape on a carrier, and Ag and Bi are simultaneously allowed to be carried on the inside and outside layers through impregnation. Thus, production of an alloy through a reaction between Pd and Ag can be suppressed by Bi.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 2, 2002Publication date: February 6, 2003Inventors: Hisaya Kawabata, Masahiko Shigetsu, Kazuo Misonoo
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Publication number: 20030007919Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing carbon fiber including the following processes: a process for obtaining fine carbon fiber by thermally decomposing an organic compound in a furnace by use of a catalyst; a process for separating a reaction exhaust gas contained in the carbon fiber; a process for continuously subjecting the carbon fiber to thermal treatment in a non-oxidative atmosphere; and a process for incinerating a thermal treatment exhaust gas generated in the thermal treatment and/or the reaction exhaust gas.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 30, 2002Publication date: January 9, 2003Applicant: SHOWA DENKO K.K.Inventors: Yoshihisa Sakamoto, Nobuhiro Matsumoto, Kunio Nishimura
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Patent number: 6503469Abstract: A polluted fluid, such as exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator, containing at least one pollutant, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), SOx or NOx, is processed by passing the polluted fluid through an adsorbing layer containing a high-silica adsorbent capable of adsorbing both ozone and at least one pollutant to adsorb at least one pollutant on the adsorbent. Then, ozone is brought into contact with the adsorbing layer to oxidize and decompose the pollutant adsorbed on the adsorbent, while stopping the flow of the polluted fluid.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 1999Date of Patent: January 7, 2003Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Jun Izumi, Akinori Yasutake, Nariyuki Tomonaga, Hiroyuki Tsutaya
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Publication number: 20020187893Abstract: A catalyst comprises an HC trapping material that is capable of trapping HC in an exhaust gas under low temperatures and releasing HC with a raise in temperature and catalytic material containing a Ce—Pr double oxide capable of oxidizing and purifying HC from the HC trapping material with a high efficiency.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 25, 2002Publication date: December 12, 2002Applicant: Mazda Motor CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Yamada, Seiji Miyoshi, Akihide Takami, Kenji Okamoto, Masahiko Shigetsu, Hisaya Kawabata
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Publication number: 20020176808Abstract: The present invention provides a process and apparatus for treating contaminated gas. A contaminated gas containing volatile organic compounds is continuously introduced into a reactor to allow the gas to contact a metal oxide catalyst and an oxidant for a period of time. The concentration of the volatile organic compounds can be thus reduced. The treated gas is then continuously emitted from the reactor. The concentration of the organic compounds of the emitted gas and/or the concentration of the oxidant are continuously monitored, and the oxidant feeding amount is controlled according to the monitored concentration. By means of the process of the present invention, volatile organic compound-containing waste gas with high humidity can be effectively treated, and the utility rate of the oxidant can be increased.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 7, 2001Publication date: November 28, 2002Applicant: Industrial Technology Research InstituteInventors: Shu-Sung Lin, Ching-Chih Lai
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Patent number: 6482375Abstract: The invention relates to a method for carrying out two chemical reactions in a reactor system comprising at least two mutually separate reactor beds, of which the surfaces exposed to the reactants are catalytically active for the chemical reactions concerned, and at least one partition; wherein at least one first reactor bed is present, which is bounded by at least one partition, which bed is based on a continuous porous structure extending throughout the reactor, and which bed is fixedly connected to said partition; wherein at least one second bed is preset, which is based on a continuous porous structure extending throughout the reactor, and which bed is fixedly connected to said partition, and said second bed, with respect to the first bed, is disposed on the other side of said partition, so that a heat-exchanging contact between said beds is present and the reaction heat of a first chemical reaction carried out in said first reactor bed is supplied or absorbed by carrying out a second chemical reaction inType: GrantFiled: January 15, 1998Date of Patent: November 19, 2002Assignee: Gastec N. V.Inventors: Willem Johan Jacob van der Wal, Antonius Johannes Maria van Wingerden, Anthony van Waveren, Erik Alexander Polman, Alette Mulder
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Patent number: 6471929Abstract: A photocatalyst having superior durability; a manufacturing method for the photocatalyst and a method and apparatus for decomposing a gas, where a film which is fullerene-based but different from the evaporated fullerene film is used. The photocatalyst has a fullerene polymer film layered on a substrate. There may be carried fine metal particles on the fullerene polymer film. These fine metal particles are carried by sputtering, evaporation or coating on the fullerene polymer film. The apparatus for decomposing the gas includes a light source and a fullerene polymer film. In effecting gas decomposition, the gas to be processed is contacted with the fullerene polymer film under light illumination.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 2000Date of Patent: October 29, 2002Assignee: Sony CorporationInventors: Misao Kusunoki, Tomikazu Watanabe, Shigehide Yamamichi, Masafumi Ata, Shinichi Mizuno, Matthias Ramm
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Publication number: 20020155051Abstract: Catalysts for removing organic compounds from a gas stream containing the same and processes for removing organic compounds from the gas stream using the catalysts are disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 17, 2002Publication date: October 24, 2002Applicant: TOSOH CORPORATIONInventors: Wataru Kobayashi, Masao Nakano
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Publication number: 20020150522Abstract: Disclosed are a carbon dioxide purification process and apparatus including (i) an adsorbing step for removing a predetermined amount of hydrocarbons from a carbon dioxide feed gas to reduce the caloric value of the feed stream, and (ii) a catalytic oxidation step located downstream of the adsorbing step for removing residual hydrocarbons from the feed gas by catalytic oxidation.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 12, 2001Publication date: October 17, 2002Inventors: Carl Joseph Heim, Amitabh Gupta
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Patent number: 6464950Abstract: A method for producing carbon fiber including the following processes: a process for obtaining fine carbon fiber by thermally decomposing an organic compound in a furnace by use of a catalyst; a process for separating a reaction exhaust gas contained in the carbon fiber; a process for continuously subjecting the carbon fiber to thermal treatment in a non-oxidative atmosphere; and a process for incinerating a thermal treatment exhaust gas generated in the thermal treatment and/or the reaction exhaust gas. The method for separating a reaction exhaust gas from carbon fiber is characterized in that a packed carbon fiber layer is formed, an inert gas is caused to flow through the layer, and the layer is compressed. Combustion of the reaction exhaust gas and combustion of the exhaust gas generated from the subsequent thermal treatment is achieved through employment of a pilot burner holding flame at all times in a vertical incinerator.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1999Date of Patent: October 15, 2002Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.Inventors: Toshio Morita, Yutaka Suhara, Yoshihisa Sakamoto, Nobuhiro Matsumoto, Kunio Nishimura
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Patent number: 6461579Abstract: A catalyst for purifying exhaust of an internal combustion engine is prepared by mixing first powders in which at least Pt is loaded on a first support and second powders in which at least Rh is loaded on a second support and loading NOx occluding material, for example an alkaline-earth metal, alkali metal or rare-earth metal, at least on the first support. In such catalyst, the second support is made of a stabilized zirconia stabilized by alkaline-earth metal or rare-earth element. The second support, having been become alkaline by the alkaline-earth metal or the rare-earth element, is excellent in absorbing performance of the steam (H2O), so that the steam reforming reaction by Rh advances sufficiently. Therefore, the created hydrogen greatly contributes to the reduction of NOx and to the sulfur poisoning prevention of the NOx occluding material.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 2000Date of Patent: October 8, 2002Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Ichiro Hachisuka, Yasuo Ikeda
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Publication number: 20020141923Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a catalyst is described which comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, and chromium distributed over a catalyst support comprising a material containing at least one of silicon, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, aluminum, and activated carbon. The catalyst is used to remove phosgene from a contaminated gas stream and/or reduce or eliminate phosgene from an effluent of a previously treated gas stream. At least one metal in the catalyst of the present invention is preferably present in an amount from about 0.001 wt % to about 15 wt %. When more than one metal is present, the combined metals preferably do not exceed 20 wt %. Catalysts in accordance with the present invention may be used as photocatalysts. Processes for using the catalysts and photocatalysts of the present invention are also described.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 21, 2002Publication date: October 3, 2002Applicant: KSE, INC.Inventors: James R. Kittrell, David A. Gerrish, Michael C. Milazzo
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Patent number: 6458741Abstract: Catalyst compositions for destruction of volatile organic carbons (VOCs) in an oxygen-containing gas stream at low temperatures comprising: one or more first metals selected from the group consisting of: Ce and Zr; and at least one of: (a) one or more second metals selected from the group consisting of: Gd, La, Sr and Sc; (b) one or more third metals selected from the group consisting of: Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, Au, Ag and Cu; and (c) one or more fourth metals selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Re, Os and Ir are provided. Catalyst compositions provided may be single-phase, mixed-metal oxides, or multi-phase. Catalysts of this invention have improved activity for VOC reduction at low temperatures in gaseous systems.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1999Date of Patent: October 1, 2002Assignee: Eltron Research, Inc.Inventors: Shane E. Roark, James H. White
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Patent number: 6436360Abstract: This invention concerns the field of environmental protection and can be used to clean industrial waste gases containing products that cause resin formation which fouls catalysts. It is proposed to clean industrial waste gases of aromatic and aliphatic compounds at 120-160 ° C. by means of passing waste gases first through a catalytic composition consisting of a guard bed (to protect the palladium catalyst) with a specific surface 0.2-1.0 m2·g−1, which is initially roasted at 800-1,350° C. and second through a palladium catalyst bed (0.1-3% palladium, deposited on an active aluminum oxide). The proposed method makes it possible to clean industrial waste gases of harmful substances (for example, methanol, cumene) with a degree of destruction not less than 97-98% in the presence of aromatic hydroperoxides which cause resin formation and catalyst fouling on other catalytic systems.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 2000Date of Patent: August 20, 2002Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Arkady Samuilovich Dyckman, John William Fulmer, Bradley Norman Geyer, William Dale Kight, Vladimir Yevgenyevich Pastor, Andrey Vladimirovich Zinenkov
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Patent number: 6436868Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a dioxin-containing exhaust gas which can inhibit the generation of dioxin occurring either in the course of cooling of the exhaust gas between a downstream portion subsequent to a combustion chamber and a dust collector or due to a memory effect upon low-temperature combustion in flues or dust collector at the start-up or shut-down of intermittent operation-type solid waste incinerators, without large-scale incineration facilities or plant renovation and equipment investment, and a composite catalyst composition for inhibiting the generation of dioxin, comprising an iron compound, an acid gas neutralizing agent and optionally an activated carbon.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 2000Date of Patent: August 20, 2002Assignee: Toda Kogyo CorporationInventors: Tomoyuki Imai, Satoshi Hatakeyama, Toshiki Matsui, Yasuhiko Fujii, Tomoko Okita, Hiroshi Inoue, Masaki Ishihara, Masayuki Ukita
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Publication number: 20020098141Abstract: Process for the preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide and/or CH3OH in a hydrogen containing process stream by contacting the process stream with a catalyst comprising gold on a support comprising non-reducible magnesium aluminium oxide in form of MgAl2O4 spinel.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 13, 2001Publication date: July 25, 2002Applicant: Haldor Topsoe A/SInventors: Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt, Herman Teunissen
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Patent number: 6414213Abstract: An interior member or indoor equipment provided on the surface with titanium oxide particles capable of excellent photocatalytic activity even by irradiation of a weak ultraviolet ray present in an interior room or the like. An interior member or indoor equipment with titanium oxide particles containing brookite-type crystal present on the surface thereof. The titanium oxide particles may also be bonded to the surface using an adhesive. The interior member or indoor equipment exhibits a photocatalytic function upon irradiation of a weak ultraviolet ray having irradiation energy of from 0.001 to 0.2 mW/cm2 at 365 nm.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1999Date of Patent: July 2, 2002Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.Inventors: Masahiro Ohmori, Hidenori Nakamura
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Patent number: 6413484Abstract: A combustion system includes a catalytic oxidizer for oxidizing a mixture of air and fuel vapor. The amount of air provided for mixing with the fuel vapors is determined in accordance with the temperature of the oxidation reaction as measured by a temperature sensor. Controlling the dilution level in this manner provides an efficient vent processing design. The system is used to process vapor emissions emanating from a vehicle fuel tank during refueling.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1999Date of Patent: July 2, 2002Assignee: Tokheim CorporationInventor: Wolfgang H. Koch
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Patent number: 6402806Abstract: A hot trap converts unreacted organic metal-film precursor from the exhaust stream of a CVD process. The converted precursor forms a metal film on the surface of the hot trap, thereby protecting hot vacuum pump surfaces from metal build up. A cold trap downstream from the hot trap freezes effluents from the exhaust stream. The metal captured by the hot trap and the effluents captured by the cold trap may then be recycled, rather than being released as environmental emissions.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 2000Date of Patent: June 11, 2002Assignee: Applied Materials, Inc.Inventors: John Vincent Schmitt, Ling Chen, George Michael Bleyle, Yu Cong, Alfred Mak, Mei Chang
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Patent number: 6403048Abstract: Catalysts for removing organic compounds from a gas stream containing the same and processes for removing organic compounds from the gas stream using the cataylst are disclosed. According to the first aspect, a combustion catalyst for removing organic compounds comprises a mixture of a zeolite and a metal oxide containing at least one of the elements of the platinum group. According to the second aspect, a combustion catalyst for removing organic compounds comprises an alumina having such a pore size distribution that, where “a” represents a pore radius in Å at the maximum of the pore size distribution curve, the accumlated pore volume of pores having radii in the range of “a”±Å is at least 65% of the total volume of all the pores, said alumina containing less than 1% by weight of rare earth elements and being loaded with one or more elements of the platinum group.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1999Date of Patent: June 11, 2002Assignee: Tosoh CorporationInventors: Wataru Kobayashi, Masao Nakano
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Publication number: 20020064492Abstract: Oxidation catalysts usable in particular in the full oxidation to CO2 and H2O of volatile organic compounds such as hydrocarbons comprising mixed oxides of copper, manganese and one or more rare-earth metals, wherein the metals can assume multiple valency states, having a percentage composition by weight, expressed as CuO, MnO and rare-earth oxides, in which the metal has the minimum value of 8-50%, 10-75% and 2-15%. The oxides are supported on inert porous inorganic oxides.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 1, 2001Publication date: May 30, 2002Applicant: SUD CHEMIE MT S.R.L.Inventors: Alberto Cremona, Carlo Rubini, Edoardo Vogna
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Patent number: 6395244Abstract: A storage catalyst includes (1) a component that has a catalytic reducing action for nitrogen oxides at least in the presence of hydrocarbons, and (2) a component that stores NOx at least at temperatures of below 100° C. The catalytically active component is of the general chemical formula AaBbO4, where A is one or more divalent metals and B is one or more trivalent metals, and where a+b≦3 and a, b>0. The reaction enthalpy or the chemical activity between the catalytically active component and the NOx-storing component is low at least up to temperatures of 600° C.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 2000Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Assignees: DaimlerChrysler AG, BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Martin Hartweg, Thomas Fetzer, Bernd Morsbach, Otto Kumberger
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Patent number: 6391272Abstract: A method for cleaning exhaust air containing pollutants, especially gaseous hydrocarbon emissions in an exhaust duct, using a catalyst and a UV radiation raising the energy level of the hydrocarbons, in which the exhaust air is exposed in a first section of the air duct to UV-C radiation of a wavelength of below 300 nm, preferably of about 254 nm, which causes an excitation of the hydrocarbons to higher energy levels, and also to a UV-C radiation of a wavelength preferably of about 185 nm, which additionally causes the formation of ozone, and of molecular oxygen and radicals from the ozone, while a partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon molecules takes place in the gas phase, and in that in a following second section of the air duct a catalytic oxidation of the hydrocarbon molecules is performed at the inner surface of a porous support material, the hydrocarbon molecules being absorbed, then oxidized on the active surface by the additionally formed ozone and removed from the surface of the catalyst in the formType: GrantFiled: June 30, 2000Date of Patent: May 21, 2002Inventor: Werner Schroeder
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Patent number: 6383469Abstract: A device for utilizing heat generated by a catalytic reaction has a first area for heating (vaporizing) at least one starting material which is to be reacted, particularly a reaction mixture. A second area is provided for at least partially carrying out the catalytic reaction or for further reaction of reaction products formed during the catalytic reaction and/or for at least partial cooling of reaction products formed during the catalytic reaction. The first area and the second area are in thermally conductive communication.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 2000Date of Patent: May 7, 2002Assignee: Xcellsis GmbHInventors: Oskar Lamla, Carlo Saling, Martin Schuessler
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Patent number: 6365118Abstract: A process for removal of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas from lean-burn, diesel and other engines which produce exhaust gases containing excess oxygen is disclosed. An exhaust gas from an engine operating at an air-fuel ratio above about 18 is contacted with a multi-component catalyst having at least two catalytic components, each capable of reducing nitrogen oxides within a range of exhaust gas temperatures that is different from the range of exhaust gas temperatures within which each other component is capable of reducing nitrogen oxides. Oxidation of the remaining reducing gases is also accomplished. One example of a two catalytic component catalyst of this invention has a first component of Au supported on alumina, which reduces nitrogen oxides at exhaust gas temperatures between about 600° C. and 900° C., and a second component of Pt supported on Y-zeolite, which reduces nitrogen oxides at exhaust gas temperatures below 600° C.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1999Date of Patent: April 2, 2002Assignee: Delphi Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Karl C. C. Kharas, Heinz J. Robota
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Patent number: 6358485Abstract: A process for the abatement of trimethylvinylsilane (TMVS) by contacting a gas stream containing TMVS with copper(II) oxide (CuO) and/or manganese oxide (MnO2) in the presence of sufficient oxygen to prevent reduction of the oxides and at a temperature of at least room temperature, but preferably, at an elevated temperature greater than 100° C.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 2000Date of Patent: March 19, 2002Assignee: The BOC Group plcInventor: Derek Martin Baker
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Publication number: 20020031453Abstract: A purifying system includes a purifying device for purifying a combustion-exhaust gas emitted from a fuel reforming device, a flow control valve for introducing anode-off gas discharged from a fuel cell into the purifying device through an anode-off-gas supply pipe, and a control device for controlling the opening angle of the flow control valve on the basis of the temperature of the purifying device detected by a temperature sensor, so that an oxidizing reaction of hydrogen through a catalyst incorporated in the purifying device is promoted by the introduced anode-off gas containing pre-reaction hydrogen and pre-reformed fuel. The temperature of the catalyst in the purifying device is raised by heat of the oxidizing reaction of hydrogen, to a level at which the catalyst is sufficiently activated, so that the combustion-exhaust gas is purified by the purifying device.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 6, 2001Publication date: March 14, 2002Applicant: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventor: Shigeru Ogino
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Publication number: 20020028169Abstract: In the reduction of at least one of the quantity of hydrocarbons, and the quantity or size of particulates in the exhaust of a diesel engine, wherein said exhaust is contacted with a catalyst, the improvement wherein the catalyst comprises a combination of a zeolite having acidic properties and at least one noble metal. There may also be present at least one element from the second main group of the periodic system of elements and the rare-earth elements.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 28, 2001Publication date: March 7, 2002Inventors: Lothar Puppe, Axel Konig, Ulrich-Dieter Standt
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Patent number: 6348178Abstract: Gas-phase methods and systems for reducing NOx emissions and other contaminants in exhaust gases, and industrial processes using the same, are disclosed. In accordance with the present invention, hydrocarbon(s) autoignite and autothermally heat an exhaust gas from an industrial process so that NH3, HNCO or a combination thereof are effective for selectively reducing NOx autocatalytically. Preferably, the reduction of NOx is initiated/driven by the autoignition of hydrocarbon(s) in the exhaust gas. Within the temperature range of about 900-1600° F., the introduced hydrocarbon(s) autoignite spontaneously under fuel-lean conditions of about 2-18% O2 in the exhaust gas. Once ignited, the reactions proceed autocatalytically, beating the exhaust gas autothermally. Under some conditions, a blue chemiluminescence may be visible.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 1999Date of Patent: February 19, 2002Assignee: Noxtech, Inc.Inventors: Bruce C. Sudduth, Ralph J. Slone, Vishwesh Palekar, Madhu Ramavajjala
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Publication number: 20020018742Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating the atmosphere to lower the concentration of pollutants therein in which ambient air is passed into operative contact with a stationary substrate having at least one ambient air contacting surface having a pollutant treating material thereon.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 22, 2001Publication date: February 14, 2002Applicant: ENGELHARD CORPORATIONInventors: Jeffrey B. Hoke, John R. Novak, John J. Steger, Terence C. Poles, L. Michael Quick, Ronald M. Heck, Zhicheng Hu, Michael Durilla
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Publication number: 20020001557Abstract: A method for destroying carbon carryover created in high temperature plasma waste treatment systems whereby the carbon carryover is mixed with a wetting agent and returned to the high temperature plasma waste treatment system for further processing. The method may further utilize the carbon carryover to first capture the hydrocarbons produced in a high temperature plasma waste treatment system, and then feed the thus captured hydrocarbons back into the high temperature processing system to be converted into useful products together with the carbon carryover.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 22, 2001Publication date: January 3, 2002Inventor: Jeffrey E. Surma
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Patent number: 6334987Abstract: A catalyst for the full oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOC), particularly hydrocarbons, and of CO to CO2, which comprises a compound having the formula A2B3O6±d where A is an alkaline-earth metal, an alkaline metal, a lanthanide, or a solid solution thereof, B is a transition metal, an element of group III, or a solid solution thereof, and d has a value between 0 and 1; and a method for the full oxidation of volatile organic compounds using the catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 1998Date of Patent: January 1, 2002Assignees: Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Universita' Degli Studi Di BolognaInventors: Francesco Cino Matacotta, Gianluca Calestani, Fabrizio Cavani, Giuseppe Fornasari
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Publication number: 20010036433Abstract: A combustion catalyst comprising a monolithic substrate, a porous support based on refractory inorganic oxide and an active phase formed by cerium, iron and at least one metal selected from the group formed by palladium and platinum, the content of porous support being between 100 and 400 g per liter of catalyst; the content of cerium being between 0.3 and 20% by weight with respect to the porous support; the content of iron being between 0.01 and 3.5 % of iron by weight with respect to the porous support; and the content of palladium and/or platinum being between 3 and 20 g per liter of catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 9, 2001Publication date: November 1, 2001Inventors: Patrick Euzen, Eric Tocque, Stephane Rebours, Gil Mabilon
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Patent number: 6296823Abstract: A system for cleaning the air, such as air in the interior of motor vehicles, airplanes, buildings or shelters, having organic substances such as alcohols, alkanes and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The air cleaning system includes a cylindrical adsorber. The cylindrical adsorber has a plurality of circular segments for passing air to be cleaned and for passing desorption air through the adsorber. The adsorber contains adsorption agents, such as a hydrophobic zeolite, that can be regenerated with microwaves. The air cleaning system also includes a microwave unit disposed on adsorber and an oxidation catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1999Date of Patent: October 2, 2001Assignee: DaimlerChrysler AGInventors: Harald Ertl, Johann Goebel
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Patent number: 6294140Abstract: A catalyst for treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine includes a carrier body coated with an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer includes platinum deposited on a first support material and on a first oxygen storage component, and the outer layer includes platinum and rhodium deposited on a second support material and on a second oxygen storage component. The first and second support materials may be the same or different, and may be selected from the group of: silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, mixed oxides or mixtures thereof, and zirconia-rich zirconia/ceria mixed oxide. The first and second oxygen storage components may include ceria-rich ceria/zirconia mixed oxide compounds, optionally including praseodymia, yttria, neodymia, lanthana or mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1999Date of Patent: September 25, 2001Assignee: Degussa AGInventors: Lothar Mussmann, Dieter Lindner, Michael Harris, Thomas Kreuzer, Egbert Lox
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Patent number: 6284211Abstract: Nitrogen oxides are removed from an exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides and oxygen in a proportion larger than its stoichiometric proportion relative to unburned components in the exhaust gas, by (i) disposing an exhaust gas cleaner in a flow path, the exhaust gas cleaner comprising a first catalyst composed of 0.2-20 parts by weight (on a metal basis) of silver or silver oxide supported on a porous inorganic oxide, and a second catalyst composed of 1-50 parts by weight (on an oxide basis) of tungsten and/or vanadium supported on a porous inorganic oxide; (ii) introducing oxygen-containing organic compounds having 2 or more carbon atoms or a fuel containing the oxygen-containing organic compounds into the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the exhaust gas cleaner; and (iii) bringing the exhaust gas into contact with the exhaust gas cleaner at a temperature of 150-650° C., thereby causing a reaction of the nitrogen oxides with the oxygen-containing organic compounds to remove the nitrogen oxides.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1994Date of Patent: September 4, 2001Assignees: Jiro Hiraishi of Director-General of Agency of Industrial Science & Technology, KOCAT Inc.Inventors: Tatsuo Miyadera, Kiyohide Yoshida
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Publication number: 20010016185Abstract: A combustion catalyst for removing organic compounds from a gas stream containing the same and a process for removing organic compounds from the gas stream using the catalyst are disclosed. The combustion catalyst comprises a first catalyst comprising a metal oxide containing at least one of the elements of the platinum group, and a second catalyst comprising a mixture of zeolite with a metal oxide containing at least one of the elements of the platinum group, in a manner such that the organic compounds are contacted first with the first catalyst and then with the second catalyst, whereby the organic compounds can be efficiently removed at a low temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 7, 2001Publication date: August 23, 2001Applicant: TOSOH CORPORATIONInventors: Hiroyuki Fujisaki, Wataru Kobayashi, Masao Nakano
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Patent number: 6277347Abstract: A method and apparatus for abating a compound in a substrate processing system's effluent gases. The method of the present invention begins by introducing ozone and the effluent gases into an abatement device's combustion chamber. Energy is then applied to the effluent gas and ozone. The application of energy, such as thermal or radio frequency energy, then causes a reaction in and between the effluent gases and the ozone, thereby rendering the compound inert. The resultant gases produced are then exhausted out of the combustion chamber.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1997Date of Patent: August 21, 2001Assignee: Applied Materials, Inc.Inventors: Ranald Stearns, Gary Sypherd, Stuardo Robles, Maria Galiano
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Patent number: 6277345Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an absorption liquid for purifying a gas by removal of gaseous, acidic impurities. The gas to be purified can be any gas, such as synthesis gas or natural gas, which contains gaseous, acidic impurities such as CO2, H2S, SO2, CS2, HCN, COS or mercaptans. The absorption liquid comprises: A) from 0.01 to 4% by weight of at least one compound of the formula B) from 0.001 to 8.0% by weight of water, and C) at least one polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether of the formula R1—O—(R2—O)x—R3 to 100% by weight, where R1 is C1-C4-alkyl, R2 is ethylene or 2-methylethylene, R3 is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, R4 is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, R5 is C1-C4-alkylene and X is an integer from 1 to 10. The amine may be N-methyldiethanolamine and the ether may be polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1999Date of Patent: August 21, 2001Assignee: Clariant GmbHInventors: Achim Stankowiak, Horst Streitberger, Michael Wyschofsky
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Patent number: 6274049Abstract: A photocatalytic oxidation purification system includes an ultra violet light source and a filter that comprises a pleated wire mesh substrate with a nanophase metal oxide oxidation catalyst suspended on the substrate, wherein the catalyst is applied without an adhesive using an electromechanical plating process. As a fluid containing organic contaminants is directed through the filter in the presence of ultra violet light from the light source, the catalyst oxidizes and decomposes the organic contaminants into environmentally harmless components. Methods of making the purification system including preparing a solution of catalyst and applying the catalyst without adhesive binding material to the filter substrate electromagnetically.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 2000Date of Patent: August 14, 2001Assignee: Ultra-Sun Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Robin Scott
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Publication number: 20010012500Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for purifying process waste gases by introducing them into a waste gas purification system that includes a reaction chamber and by post-treating the reaction products that leave the reaction chamber in a washing or sorbtion chamber with an associated washing agent circuit. The type and amount of harmful substances in the process waste gas are continuously measured before the waste gases enter the waste gas purification system. In addition, the type and amount of harmful substances in the reaction products that leave the waste gas purification system are simultaneously determined directly at the exit of the system and the measuring signals are used to regulate the operating parameters of the waste gas purification system.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 29, 2000Publication date: August 9, 2001Inventors: Gunter Krodel, Lutz Fabian, Volkmar Hopfe
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Sequential adsorptive capture and catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds in a reactor bed
Patent number: 6251347Abstract: A method for adsorbing and oxidizing VOC's in the same bed, thus reducing the size of or even eliminating the need for a catalytic or thermal oxidation unit at the end of the system. In this system, a catalyst is intimately interspersed with the adsorbent material. The catalyst oxidizes VOC's released during desorption when it reaches the ‘light off temperature,’ that is, the catalyst temperature necessary for oxidation to begin. As VOC's are desorbed, they are combusted by the catalyst in the same bed and also by their combustion, heat the bed to aid in the desorption of VOC's elsewhere in the bed.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1999Date of Patent: June 26, 2001Assignee: Goal Line Environmental Technologies LLCInventors: Larry E. Campbell, Michele W. Sanders