Abstract: A method for producing a haloamine solution with reduced amounts of halogen oxyanions including (a) the on-site generation of a halogen-containing oxidant, such as a solution and (b) reacting on-site the halogen-containing oxidant with a nitrogen source, to thereby produce the haloamine solution.

Abstract: Process for the production of particulate ruthenium with a purity of ?99.99 wt. % and a specific surface area of 0.2-0.5 m2/g, comprising: (1) providing a hydrochloric solution prepared by dissolving RuO4 in hydrochloric acid and has a content of ruthenium in the form of dissolved ruthenium species of 15-22 wt. %; (2) providing an aqueous solution with an ammonium chloride content of 200-600 g/litre; (3) forming a reaction mixture by dosing the hydrochloric solution provided in step (1) to the aqueous solution provided in step (2) at a molar ratio of 1 mol ruthenium: 3-6 mol ammonium chloride, at a temperature of 55-90° C. over the course of 0.2-5 hours and while adjusting and maintaining a pH of ?0.6 to 0; (4) separating solid material formed during step (3) from the hydrochloric reaction mixture; and (5) calcinating the solid material separated in step (4) at an object temperature of 350-1,000° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing hydrogen from ammonia, and in particular a method of producing hydrogen from ammonia for use in a fuel cell and/or in a prime mover. The method may be carried out in-situ in a vehicle. The invention also relates to an apparatus for producing hydrogen from ammonia.

Abstract: A process for the production of monochloramine characterized in that it provides for drawing a portion of water intended for the user and exclusively using the portion for preparing the monochloramine solution. The portion intended for the reaction of formation of monochloramine is subjected to a treatment on osmotic membrane, obtaining osmotized water. Subsequently, there is the reaction of the water with reagents in a reactor. In the reaction step, inside the reactor, the osmotized water enters from a first orifice (C) via a solenoid valve with micrometric regulation (EV1). Inside the same reactor, the base chemical products enter via the respective orifices A and B. The base chemical products enter due to the action of metering pumps (e.g. peristaltic pumps). The system is managed by PLC.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing hydrogen from ammonia, and in particular a method of producing hydrogen from ammonia by reacting it with a Group I metal, particularly with sodium, for use in a fuel cell and/or in a prime mover. The method may be carried out in-situ in a vehicle. The invention also relates to an apparatus for producing hydrogen from ammonia.

Abstract: A method of controlling an exothermic or endothermic chemical reaction is provided. The method involves measuring a temperature of a first reactant flowing at a first flow rate, contacting the first reactant with a second reactant flowing at a second flow rate to form a reaction product, measuring the temperature of the reaction product, and determining the temperature difference between the temperature of the first reactant and the temperature of the reaction product. The method can further involve adjusting the flow rate of at least one of the first reactant and the second reactant, or shutting down flow, based on the temperature difference. An apparatus to carry out the method is also provided. The method and apparatus can be useful in controlling many different reactions, including the reaction of sodium hypochlorite and ammonia to form monochloramine.

Abstract: System and method for sustainable economic development which includes hydrogen extracted from substances, for example, sea water, industrial waste water, agricultural waste water, sewage, and landfill waste water. The hydrogen extraction is accomplished by thermal dissociation, electrical dissociation, optical dissociation, and magnetic dissociation. The hydrogen extraction further includes operation in conjunction with energy addition from renewable resources, for example, solar, wind, moving water, geothermal, or biomass resources.

Abstract: A method of producing a hydrazine-coordinated Cu chalcogenide complex, including: a step (I) in which Cu or Cu2Se and a chalcogen are reacted in dimethylsulfoxide in the presence of hydrazine, a step (II) in which a solution obtained in the step (I) is subjected to concentration and filtration, and a step (III) in which a purifying solvent is added to a solution obtained in the step (II).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing “a salt or a complex comprising imide and an organic base”, characterized by reacting halogenated sulfuryl or halogenated phosphoryl with ammonia in the presence of an organic base. According to this method, a target imide compound can be produced in a high yield while significantly suppressing the production of by-products. Further, by reacting the obtained imide compound with an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, an imide metal salt can be easily derived.

Abstract: A method of controlling an exothermic or endothermic chemical reaction is provided. The method involves measuring a temperature of a first reactant flowing at a first flow rate, contacting the first reactant with a second reactant flowing at a second flow rate to form a reaction product, measuring the temperature of the reaction product, and determining the temperature difference between the temperature of the first reactant and the temperature of the reaction product. The method can further involve adjusting the flow rate of at least one of the first reactant and the second reactant, or shutting down flow, based on the temperature difference. An apparatus to carry out the method is also provided. The method and apparatus can be useful in controlling many different reactions, including the reaction of sodium hypochlorite and ammonia to form monochloramine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for treatment of water comprising rice husk ash and at least one bactericidal agent bonded to the rice husk ash. The bactericidal agent bonded to the rice husk ash is preferably silver and more particularly the bactericidal agent is nano silver. The invention also relates to a method of water purification using a composition comprising rice husk ash and at least one bactericidal agent bonded to the rice husk ash.

Abstract: A method of producing a hydrazine-coordinated Cu chalcogenide complex, including: a step (I) in which Cu or Cu2Se and a chalcogen are reacted in dimethylsulfoxide in the presence of hydrazine, a step (II) in which a solution obtained in the step (I) is subjected to concentration and filtration, and a step (III) in which a purifying solvent is added to a solution obtained in the step (II).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a trichloroammineplatinate salt by reacting a tetrachloroplatinate salt in aqueous solution in the presence of ammonium chloride and an alkali chloride with one or more carbonate salts selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and ammonium carbonate while keeping the pH value below 7 during the reaction; the product obtained therein and a use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following new polymers which are useful for hydrogen storage: (i) a polymer comprising -[MN2]— as a repeating unit, wherein M is selected from the group consisting Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zr, Nb, Mo, and mixtures thereof; and (ii) a polymer comprising -[M2N3]— as a repeating unit, wherein M is selected from the group consisting Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zr, Nb, Mo, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Activated carbon is rendered more thermally stable by exposure to a non-halogenated additive, and optionally to a halogen and/or a halogen-containing compound. Such treated carbon is suitable for use in mitigating the content of hazardous substances in flue gases, especially flue gases having a temperature within the range of from about 100° C. to about 420° C.

Abstract: A hydrogen production method includes: a first process in which nitrogen compounds of metal and water are reacted to produce ammonia and hydroxide of the metal; a second process in which hydrogen compounds of a metal and the ammonia produced in the first process are reacted; and a third process in which hydrogen compounds of a metal and the hydroxide of the metal produced in the first process are reacted.

Abstract: Described herein are hydrogen storage materials having desirable characteristics for a variety of applications, such as automobile applications. In one embodiment, a hydrogen storage material includes: (1) a mixed imide having a formula LiiMgjNkHl; and (2) a set of additives; wherein each of i, k, and l is in the range of 1.7 to 2.3, and j is in the range of 0.7 to 1.3; and wherein the hydrogen storage material is configured to absorb at least 3.1 wt. % of H2 within 30 minutes of exposure to H2 gas at a temperature in the range of 100° C. to 140° C. and a pressure in the range of 45 bar to 50 bar.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of forming a phase change material layer is provided. The method includes supplying a reaction gas including the composition of Formula 1 into a reaction chamber, supplying a first source which includes Ge(II) into the reaction chamber, and supplying a second source into the reaction chamber. Formula 1 is NR1R2R3, where R1, R2 and R3 are each independently at least one selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, C2H5, C3H7, C4H9, Si(CH3)3, NH2, NH(CH3), N(CH3)2, NH(C2H5) and N(C2H5)2.

Abstract: It is disclosed a process for the production of titanium dioxide comprising the following steps: (a) a titanium ore containing iron, preferably ilmenite, is reacted with an aqueous NH4F solution; (b) the aqueous suspension thus obtained is filtered with consequent separation of a sludge fraction, which contains ammonium fluoroferrates, and a filtrate fraction, which contains ammonium fluorotitanates; (c) the filtrate fraction thus obtained is subjected to an hydrolysis reaction; (d) the thus-obtained solid component is subjected to a thermal hydrolysis reaction. The plant and the reactors for performing the above process are also disclosed.

Abstract: Metal imide compounds as anode materials for lithium batteries and galvanic elements with a high storage capacity. Metal imide compounds as highly capacitive anode materials for lithium batteries. The invention relates to a galvanic element, an anode material for use in a galvanic element and method for producing an active electrode material.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of forming a phase change material layer is provided. The method includes supplying a reaction gas including the composition of Formula 1 into a reaction chamber, supplying a first source which includes Ge(II) into the reaction chamber, and supplying a second source into the reaction chamber. Formula 1 is NR1R2R3, where R1, R2 and R3 are each independently at least one selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, C2H5, C3H7, C4H9, Si(CH3)3, NH2, NH(CH3), N(CH3)2, NH(C2H5) and N(C2H5)2.

Abstract: A method for preparing a solution including monochloramine includes the steps of: a) in an electrolyzer including an anode area and a cathode area separated by a membrane limiting the migration of hypochlorite ions, forming hypochlorite ions in the anode area by means of the oxidation of chloride ions in an aqueous solution, and forming ammonium ions in the cathode area by means of the reduction of nitrate and/or nitrite ions in an aqueous solution; and b) reacting the ammonium ions with at least one portion of the hypochlorite ions, with a molar ratio of hypochlorite ions to ammonium ions no lower than 1, resulting in the formation of monochloramine.

Abstract: A hydrazine-coordinated Cu chalcogenide complex obtainable by reacting Cu or Cu2Se and a chalcogen in dimethylsulfoxide in the presence of hydrazine and free of an amine solvent, and adding a poor solvent to the resulting solution or subjecting the resulting solution to concentration and filtration; and a method of producing a hydrazine-coordinated Cu chalcogenide complex, including reacting Cu or Cu2Se and a chalcogen in dimethylsulfoxide in the presence of hydrazine and free of an amine solvent, and adding a poor solvent to the resulting solution or subjecting the resulting solution to concentration and filtration.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an isolable colloidal particle comprising a nanoparticle and an inorganic capping agent bound to the surface of the nanoparticle, a solution of the same, a method for making the same from a biphasic solvent mixture, and the formation of structures and solids from the isolable colloidal particle. The process can yield photovoltaic cells, piezoelectric crystals, thermoelectric layers, optoelectronic layers, light emitting diodes, ferroelectric layers, thin film transistors, floating gate memory devices, imaging devices, phase change layers, and sensor devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following new polymers which are useful for hydrogen storage: (i) a polymer comprising -[MN2]— as a repeating unit, wherein M is selected from the group consisting Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zr, Nb, Mo, and mixtures thereof; and (ii) a polymer comprising -[M2N3]— as a repeating unit, wherein M is selected from the group consisting Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zr, Nb, Mo, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: According to at least one aspect of the present invention, an ammonia borane containing hydrogen storage material is provided to be present with substantially reduced formation of borazine or diborane. In at least one embodiment, the hydrogen storage material includes at least one ammonia borane (NH3BH3); and at least one amide of the formula M(NH2)x, wherein M is a cationic element or a combination of two or more cationic elements from groups 1 to 14 of the periodic table and x represents a total cationic charge to charge balance M.

Abstract: A lithium hydride activation method includes: a nitrification treatment process of reacting lithium hydride with a nitride and therefore forming a chemical compound layer stable to the nitride, on a surface of the lithium hydride; and a particle size reduction process of reducing a particle size of the lithium hydride provided with the chemical compound layer by a mechanical pulverization treatment after the nitrification treatment process is performed. A hydrogen generation method includes generating hydrogen by reacting ammonia with the lithium hydride activated by the activation method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions, methods, uses, and devices having antiseptic and anticoagulation properties in a mammal. The compositions, methods, uses, and devices are based on a therapeutically effective amount of one or more N-halogenated or N,N-dihalogenated amines, analogues or derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters. The preferred compound is N-chlorotaurine.

Abstract: Compositions for hydrogen storage and methods of making such compositions employ an alloy that exhibits reversible formation/deformation of BH4? anions. The composition includes a ternary alloy including magnesium, boron and a metal and a metal hydride. The ternary alloy and the metal hydride are present in an amount sufficient to render the composition capable of hydrogen storage. The molar ratio of the metal to magnesium and boron in the alloy is such that the alloy exhibits reversible formation/deformation of BH4? anions. The hydrogen storage composition is prepared by combining magnesium, boron and a metal to prepare a ternary alloy and combining the ternary alloy with a metal hydride to form the hydrogen storage composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for depleting halide ions from liquid ammonia, wherein the liquid ammonia is brought into contact with a strongly basic ion exchanger, where the basic structure of the strongly basic ion exchanger is a covalently crosslinked polymer matrix. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of an ammonia obtainable according to the invention as starting material in the production of amines.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen storage material that is formed by reacting solid precursors (a) and (b). The (a) precursor is a compound containing X—H and Y—H bonds, where X is a Group 13 and Y is a Group 15 element. Preferably X is boron (B—H) and Y is nitrogen (N—H). Most preferably, the precursor (a) is borazane. The (b) precursor is preferably a hydride, such as LiH or LiAlH4. Another feature of the present invention is a novel hydrogen storage composition material that is formed as an intermediate (INT) in the reaction of the (a) with the (b) precursors. The INT hydrogen storage material can be a quaternary B—H—Li—N composition. Other aspects of hydrogen storage materials are provided herein.

Abstract: A method of exhaust gas denitration in which nitrogen oxides contained in a low-temperature exhaust gas are removed at a high NOx removal efficiency. A injection pipe (11) is disposed in a flue (10) for an exhaust gas (x) so that the pipe protrudes from the inner wall of the flue. A hydrocarbon compound (b) and a nitrogen compound (a) are supplied through the injection pipe (11) into the flue (10). The hydrocarbon compound (b) is burned to form a combustion region (s). In this combustion region (s), amine radicals are produced from the nitrogen compound (a). These amine radicals are mixed with nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas (x) to reductively remove the nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a porous substance, which is lightweight, and has a highly developed pore structure and an excellent gas absorbability, by dehydrogenating a compound having two or more amine-borane adduct structures per molecule.

Abstract: Provided herein is a new material, periodic mesoporous phosphorus-nitrogen compound, which may be used in a variety of emerging technologies. Its surface properties render it promising as a component in a variety of applications, including gas separation and purification systems in which waste gases such as SO2, SO3, or CO2 are separated from other gases. It may also be used as an interlayer dielectric in microelectronic chips. Its structure and composition are useful due to an advantageous and favorable combination of thermal stability, elastic modulus, and dielectric properties. The surface properties and the regularity of the pores furthermore provides utility as shape selective base catalysts. Protonated forms of the material are expected to be useful as a solid acid, and in applications such as acid catalysis. Additionally, because of the thermal behavior of the material, it is useful as “hard” template for other porous materials, without the need of an external reagent.

Abstract: A reversible hydrogen storage composition having an empirical formula of: Li(x+z)NxMgyBzHw where 0.4?x?0.8; 0.2?y?0.6; 0<z?0.4, x+y+z=1 and “w” varies from 0 to 2x+2y+4z. This composition shows greater low temperature reversible hydrogen storage compared to binary systems such as MgH2—LiNH2.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of titanium dioxide by the treatment with ammonium fluoride of titanium ores containing iron; the process comprises the following steps: (a) the titanium ore containing iron is reacted with an aqueous NH4F and/or NH4HF2 solution; (b) the aqueous dispersion thus obtained is filtered with consequent separation of a solid residue and an aqueous solution containing titanium salts; (c) the aqueous solution thus obtained is subjected to hydrolysis, the hydrolysis comprising a first stage at pH 7.0-8.5 and a second stage at pH 10.0-13.0; (d) the aqueous dispersion thus obtained is filtered and the solid residue is subjected to pyrohydrolysis, the pyrohydrolysis comprising a first stage at a maximum temperature of 450° C. and a second stage at a maximum temperature of 1000° C.

Abstract: State-of-the-art electronic structure calculations provide the likelihood of the availability of YLi3N2, ZrLi3N2, NbLi3N2, MoLi3N2, TcLi3N2, RuLi3N2, RhLi3N2, GeLi3N2, InLi3N2, and SnLi3N2 as compounds for reaction with hydrogen under suitable conditions. Such calculations also provide the likelihood of the availability of YLi3N2Hn, ZrLi3N2Hn, NbLi3N2Hn, MoLi3N2Hn, TcLi3N2Hn, RuLi3N2Hn, RhLi3N2Hn, PdLi3N2Hn, AgLi3N2Hn, CdLi3N2Hn, AlLi3N2Hn, GaLi3N2Hn, GeLi3N2Hn, InLi3N2Hn, SnLi3N2Hn, and SbLi3N2H, (here n is an integer having a value of 1-6) as solid hydrides for the storage of hydrogen. These materials offer utility for hydrogen storage systems.

Abstract: A denitration process for removing nitrogen oxides contained in low-temperature exhaust gas at a high denitration rate; namely, a denitration process for reductively removing nitrogen oxides contained in an exhaust gas (x) containing nitrogen monoxide and sulfur dioxide. The process comprises a preliminary step 2 of partially oxidizing nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas to form nitrogen dioxide, a radical formation step 3 of adding a nitrogen compound and a hydrocarbon compound to a high-temperature zone 22 to form amine radicals (r), and a denitration step 4 of mixing the amine radicals (r) with the pretreated gas (p) containing nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide that was discharged from the preliminary step 2. As a result, nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas (x) are reductively decomposed.

Abstract: Nickel nanoparticles including an aqueous solution including a nickel precursor, a surfactant, a hydrophobic solvent, and distilled water, the hydrophobic solvent being one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, decane, tetradecane, hexadecane, toluene, xylene, 1-octadecene, and 1-hexadecene; a compound including hydrazine which is added to the aqueous solution to form a nickel-hydrazine complex; and a reducing agent added to the compound including the nickel-hydrazine complex.

Abstract: The invention relates to a production method for producing stable chloramine. The method allows for the production of stable chloramine with the use of concentrated chlorine source and concentrated amine source and agitation during production. The method produces a chloramine that has a pH of at least 5 with a most preferred pH of at least 7 or greater.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a drug delivery system which makes it possible to solve the existing technical problems and is easily usable in practice. A drug, which comprises an organic compound or an inorganic compound and has been magnetized by modifying a side chain and/or crosslinking side chains, is induced by a magnetic force into target tissues or an affected part.

Abstract: A lithium hydride activation method includes: a nitrification treatment process of reacting lithium hydride with a nitride and therefore forming a chemical compound layer stable to the nitride, on a surface of the lithium hydride; and a particle size reduction process of reducing a particle size of the lithium hydride provided with the chemical compound layer by a mechanical pulverization treatment after the nitrification treatment process is performed. A hydrogen generation method includes generating hydrogen by reacting ammonia with the lithium hydride activated by the activation method.

Abstract: State-of-the-art electronic structure calculations provide the likelihood of the availability of ScLi3N2, TiLi3N2, VLi3N2, CrLi3N2, MnLi3N2, CoLi3N2, NiLi3N2, CuLi3N2, and ZnLi3N2 as compounds for reaction with hydrogen under suitable conditions. Reaction with hydrogen is likely to form stable hydrides of the family ScLi3N2Hn, TiLi3N2Hn, VLi3N2Hn, CrLi3N2Hn, MnLi3N2Hn, FeLi3N2Hn CoLi3N2Hn, NiLi3N2Hn, CuLi3N2Hn, and ZnLi3N2Hn, where n is an integer in the range of 1-4. These materials offer utility for hydrogen storage systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal complex of the general formula M(L)n, wherein each L is independently selected and represents a ligand and at least one L is vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) or a derivative thereof bound through the nitrogen atom of its cyanide group to M, which is an element selected from the transition metals, thus, forming a M-NC—[Co] moiety with [Co] representing vitamin B12 without cyanide and wherein n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. The complex can be prepared by mixing a precursor molecule with vitamin B12. The metal complexes can be used for radiodiagnostics, chemotherapy and radionuclide therapy.

Abstract: A system comprising solid media and a gaseous atmosphere, said solid media having a first condition which is hydrogenated and a second condition which is partially or fully dehydrogenated relative to said first condition, and wherein said gaseous atmosphere comprises nitrogen.

Abstract: A method for treating a waste product from a chemical processing plant. Chemical processing plants such as oil refineries produce sour water waste that includes ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. The sour water is typically steam stripped to form a vapor stream including water, the ammonia and the hydrogen sulfide. The vapor stream is converted into a concentrated ammonium sulfide solution using a scrubber unit that includes a cooling and quenching column. Concentrating the byproducts provides for more efficient transportation of the concentrate from several refineries to a remote, centralized purification facility.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage matter contains at least a nano-structured and organized lithium imide compound precursor complex. In the hydrogen stroge matter, the lithium imide compound precursor complex has been nano-structured and organized by mixing fine powder lithium amide with fine powder lithium hydride at a predetermined ratio to prepare a mixture as a starting material, and then processing the mixture by a predetermined complex formation processing method.

Abstract: State-of-the-art electronic structure calculations provide the likelihood of the availability of YLi3N2, ZrLi3N2, NbLi3N2, MoLi3N2, TcLi3N2, RuLi3N2, RhLi3N2, GeLi3N2, InLi3N2, and SnLi3N2 as for reaction with hydrogen under suitable conditions. Such calculations also provide the likelihood of the availability of YLi3N2Hn, ZrLi3N2Hn, NbLi3N2Hn, MoLi3N2Hn, TcLi3N2Hn, RuLi3N2Hn, RhLi3N2Hn, PdLi3N2Hn, AgLi3N2Hn, CdLi3N2Hn, AlLi3N2Hn, GaLi3N2Hn, GeLi3N2Hn, InLi3N2Hn, SnLi3N2Hn, and SbLi3N2H, (here n is an integer having a value of 1-6) as solid hydrides for the storage of hydrogen. These materials offer utility for hydrogen storage systems.

Abstract: Methods of generating hydrogen-containing streams having a minimal concentration of gaseous reactive nitrogen-containing compounds, e.g., ammonia, are provided. Hydrogen storage material systems are also provided that generate such hydrogen-containing streams. A first composition comprising a nitride, a second composition comprising a hydride, and a third composition having a cation selected from the group consisting of: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and mixtures thereof are combined together. The hydrogen-containing stream thus generated has a minimal concentration of gaseous reactive nitrogen-containing compounds.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing a lithium amide composition in which in a first step lithium metal is brought into contact with ammonia to form lithium bronze and in a second step the lithium bronze is reacted with a 1,3-diene or an arylolefin, such as butadiene, isoprene, piperylene, dimethylbutadiene, hexadiene, styrene, methyl styrene, divinylbenzene, naphthalene or anthracene, in the presence of a solvent wherein the temperature is maintained at or below the boiling point of ammonia. Examples of solvents include pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclohexane, toluene, xylene, cumene, ethyl benzene, tetraline, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), 2-methyl-THF, tetrahydropyran, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, dioxan, methyl-tert-butyl ether or glycol ether. Lithium amide compositions obtainable by said process show improved activity, particularly in reactions involving enolate formation.