Abstract: An improved process for preparing an enhanced antiperspirant active polymeric aluminum compound having the empirical formula:Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.6-a X.sub.a (I)wherein X is Cl, Br, F, I, SO.sub.4 and NO.sub.2, a is about 1.0 to about 4, which is further characterized by (a) a Size Exclusion Chromatograph, (b) a Band III percent aluminum value of at least 40 percent, and preferably (c) a Band I percent aluminum value of not greater than 5 percent, and compositions thereof.

Abstract: A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of an anion exchange material with a layered crystal structure and a water-soluble dye is disclosed. The anion exchange material may be represented by the general formula[M.sup.+2 Q.sup.+3 (OH).sub.5-x ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 Owhere M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 3; A.sup.-1, A.sup.-2, A.sup.-3, and A.sup.-4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; and n, x, d, e, f and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following:0<x.ltoreq.1d+2e+3f+4g=x0.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.

Abstract: Utilization of a cationic polymer as a settling aid in the recovery of the aluminum hydroxide and an anionic polymer to dewater the aluminum hydroxide prior to redissolution not only improves the process of making basic aluminum compounds by speeding settling and improving filterability, but also unexpectedly yields a product that has superior effectiveness as a water treatment chemical.According to the invention, a dilute solution of alum is neutralized with a base to a pH below about 6.0, preferably below 5.5, to form a suspension of aluminum hydroxide. A cationic polymer is then added to the suspension to assist in the settling of the aluminum hydroxide. When settling is substantially complete, the solution is decanted from the aluminum hydroxide and an anionic polymer is added to dewater the aluminum hydroxide. The dewatered material is collected as a filter cake containing amorphous aluminum hydroxide, the cationic polymer and the anionic polymer.

Abstract: A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water-insoluble inorganic substrate exhibiting anion exchange properties, a water-soluble dye, and an anionic amphipathic material is disclosed.

Abstract: A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of an anion exchange material with a layered crystal structure and a water-soluble dye is disclosed. The anion exchange material may be represented by the general formula:[M.sub.x.sup.+1 Q.sub.y.sup.+2.Al(OH).sub.3 ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 Owhere M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 1; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; A.sup.-1, A.sup.-2, A.sup.-3, and A.sup.-4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively; and n, x, y, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following:0<x+2y.ltoreq.1d+2e+3f+4g=x+2y0.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.

Abstract: A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of an inorganic water-insoluble anion exchange material and a water-soluble dye is disclosed. The anion exchange material may be represented by the general formula:[M.sub.1-x.sup.a Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 Owherein M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4 or 5; A.sup.-1, A.sup.-2, A.sup.-3, and A.sup.-4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively; x is 0<x.ltoreq.0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following:2y+z=a0<d+2e+3f+4g.ltoreq.x0.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.10provided that when y=0, a is not equal to 2.

Abstract: H.sub.2 S:CuAlCl.sub.4 and 2 H.sub.2 S:CuAlCl.sub.4 are complex addition compounds which may be prepared by contacting CuAlCl.sub.4 with gaseous H.sub.2 S at partial pressures of 0.1 to 1.0 atma and temperatures of 20.degree.-60.degree. C. These new compounds are useful in processes to separate hydrogen sulfide from gaseous mixtures and to prepare pure hydrogen sulfide. Complexation can be accomplished by using CuAlCl.sub.4 in the solid state, in solution or in a slurry. H.sub.2 S is recovered by subjecting the complex addition compounds to some combination of temperature and hydrogen sulfide partial pressure as to break up the complexes and to evolve the hydrogen sulfide content of the complex as a gas stream.

Abstract: A process of producing a flocculating agent useful for water purification technology and as a substitute for aluminium sulphate in the rosin sizing of paper is described. In this process, about 100-150 parts by weight, preferably about 130 parts by weight of hydrochloric acid, calculated as 100% HCl, and 140-200, preferably 160-190 parts by weight of a sulphate-containing, aluminium hydroxide-containing sludge, calculated on the solids content of the sludge, are mixed. To obtain the sludge, alkaline pickles used in the pickling of aluminium profiles in connection with the anodization of aluminium are neutralized with sulphuric acid or aluminium sulphate. The sludge may also contain up to about 10% by weight of aluminium hydroxide. The mixture is heated and stirred at a temperature of from about 80.degree. C. to the boiling point of the mixture, preferably 95.degree.-100.degree. C., for a combined time of about 3-15 hours, preferably about 4-6 hours.

Abstract: The color level of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol made by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran using fluosulfonic acid as the catalyst is significantly lower if the fluosulfonic acid contains no more than about 1200 ppm of iron sulfites.

Abstract: A method for treating a waste stream from an alkylation process is disclosed, where the waste stream comprises a fluoride, sulfuric acid, and an acid soluble oil. The method comprises combusting the waste stream, scrubbing the combustion products to remove, fluorine, and recovering sulfur from the combustion products.

Abstract: Novel sulfide, polysulfide, selenide and polyselenide compositions are provided which are useful as ionic conducting solid electrolytes. Electrical energy storage devices utilizing such electrolytes are also provided.

Abstract: SF.sub.6 is produced by a pyrolysis of SF.sub.5 Cl obtained by a reaction of sulfur or sulfur chloride with chlorine and an amine/hydrogen fluoride complex or a reaction of sulfur tetrafluoride with chlorine and an amine/hydrogen fluoride complex.

Abstract: An improved method for producing hydrogen fluoride from fluoride bearing ores, such as fluorospar and fluorapatite, by reaction of the ore as a slurry in fluorosulfonic acid. The slurry is heated by the exothermic heat of the reaction to vaporize volatile phosphorous compounds and substantial quantities of hydrogen fluoride. The calcium fluoride is substantially reacted to form hydrogen fluoride. High silica fluorospar ores can be used since silicon tetrafluoride is not formed with fluorosulfonic acid. Another feature provides for addition of calcium fluoride to the slurry to react with the by-product sulfuric acid in the residual solids to eliminate the sulfuric acid recovery step in the process. Hydrogen fluoride produced is recovered, together with the hydrogen fluoride produced from the hydrolysis or pyrolysis of the intermediate fluorophosphorous compounds. Additionally, at least a portion of the hydrogen fluoride can be reacted with sulfur trioxide to form fluorosulfonic acid for makeup in the process.

Abstract: Compounds containing sulphur-nitrogen groups, such as S.sub.4 N.sub.4, S.sub.5 N.sub.5.sup.+ salts and poly(sulphur nitride), are made by reducing S.sub.4 N.sub.3 Cl or related compounds with anions (e.g. iodide) or metals (e.g. silver). Poly(sulphur nitride) may be made by passing S.sub.4 N.sub.3 Cl vapor or S.sub.5 N.sub.5 FeCl.sub.4 vapor through sulphidized silver wool and condensing the vapor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of recovering the chlorine values from iron chloride obtained from the chlorination of an aluminous material containing iron oxide, such as bauxite. The method involves partially dechlorinating ferric chloride in the presence of a reducing agent to form products comprising ferrous chloride and a chloride compound derived from the reducing agent and oxidizing ferrous chloride at a temperature of about 300.degree. C. to 1200.degree. C. to form products comprising ferric chloride and ferric oxide. The ferric chloride is recycled and the chlorine values are recovered as the chloride of the reducing agent which is suitable for recycle to the aluminous chlorination stage or has other industrial utility.

Abstract: The application is concerned with a process for the manufacture of an aqueous iron (III)-chloride-sulfate solution by the oxidation of iron (II) sulfate with chlorine in aqueous solution.

Abstract: An improved method for treating calcium phosphate sources such as bone phosphate and phosphate rock with fluorosulfonic acid in the presence of a limited amount of moisture whereby over 98.00% of the phosphorous is converted to volatile compounds that can be subsequently hydrolyzed. A substantial excess of fluorosulfonic acid is utilized to contact the phosphate ore as a slurry. The phosphorous products are primarily phosphorous pentafluoride and phosphorous oxyfluoride, and to a limited extent difluorophosphoric acid. A trace of water apparently catalyzes the reaction. The production of phosphorous pentafluoride is favored by up to one part of water to eight parts of ore by weight in the presence of excesses of fluorosulfonic acid. The method includes the hydrolysis of the volatile compounds to phosphoric acid and hydrogen fluoride. Hydrogen fluoride is then recycled to react with the required sulfur trioxide to make the requirement of fluorosulfonic acid for the process.

Abstract: The process of reacting a metallic halide (which metal is sodium, potassium or calcium) with sulfur trioxide including dispersing the metallic halide in the presence of an excess of sulfur trioxide or sulfur dioxide, as a dispersant, to enable handling the mixture as a slurry, completing the reaction to form the desired metallic halogen sulfonate, decomposing the metallic halogen sulfonate before or after an intermediate step to remove excess sulfur trioxide and sulfur dioxide, using combustion of sulfur to supply the heat to vaporize excess sulfur trioxide and sulfur dioxide present, and to decompose the metallic halogen sulfonate to yield the halogen, sulfur dioxide, and the sulfate of the metal, separating the metallic sulfate from the gaseous products, and separating the halogen from the sulfur trioxide and sulfur dioxide in the gaseous products by extractive distillation, or alternately treating organic material under anhydrous conditions with the metallic halogen sulfonate or its decomposition products,

Abstract: A product mixture resulting from the reaction of an anhydrous gaseous mixture of sulfur dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalyst is heated at a temperature of at least about 35.degree. C. under pressures up to about 65 psi to effect substantial conversion of undesired free chlorine in the resulting product mixture to sulfuryl chlorofluoride. The conversion of free chlorine to sulfuryl chlorofluoride allows the use of a completely anhydrous process from which uncontaminated sulfuryl fluoride and sulfuryl chlorofluoride products can readily be obtained. A method for the production of sulfuryl chlorofluoride from said gaseous mixture is also provided.

Abstract: A process, which may be continuous, for preparation of sulfur fluorides by reacting a sulfur chloride component with a fluorine containing component selected from the group consisting of nitrosyl fluoride and nitrosyl fluoride-hydrogen fluoride complex.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of mixed persalts capable of liberating hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions and stable in dry detergent compositions, which processes comprise adding 60-80% H.sub.2 O.sub.2 containing 0.6-1.8% EDTA to sodium carbonate monohydrate or to a sodium carbonate hydrate containing from 75-90% sodium carbonate, wherein sodium or potassium sulfate, sodium or potassium pyrophosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium disilicate, sodium citrate, sodium glucoheptonate, sodium perborate, anhydrous sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or mixed sodium and potassium carbonate or a mixture thereof is added to the reaction mixture, together with the products produced and use thereof as oxidizing agents in detergent mixtures.

Abstract: Anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is produced from fluorosilicic acid by its decomposition with sulphuric acid in an improved process. Fluorosilicic acid of high concentration 40-50%, free of suspended silica is decomposed while being heated up to its boiling temperature with partial conversion into gaseous state. Earlier in the process evolved gaseous fluorine compounds which are desiccated by means of sulphuric acid and then separated by hydrogen fluoride absorption in a circulating liquid consisting of sulphuric acid and fluorosulphonic acid. Later hydrogen fluoride is distilled from this liquid and liquefied.

Abstract: A process for removal of fluoride compounds from spent alkylation catalyst containing fluorosulfonic acid and sulfuric acid wherein said spent catalyst is hydrolyzed in the presence of water, at subatmospheric pressure in a vacuum digestion zone for conversion of a major portion of fluorosulfonic acid to hydrogen fluoride, wherein said hydrogen fluoride is removed from the vacuum digestion zone as a vapor, and wherein the remaining sulfuric acid rich liquid fraction of the spent catalyst is treated with silica-alumina cracking catalyst for removal of most of the remaining residual fluoride compounds for providing a sulfuric acid effluent substantially free of fluoride compounds. The hydrogen fluoride recovered is reacted with sulfur trioxide to form fresh fluorosulfonic acid which is combined with sulfuric acid to provide fresh alkylation catalyst.

Abstract: The preparation of a material consisting essentially or largely of aluminum hydroxychlorides having the general formula Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.X Cl.sub.6.sub.-X, in which X is a value up to 5 or more and obtained by reacting active alumina, secured by partial dehydration of hydrates of alumina, with hydrochloric acid or aluminum chloride in which the active alumina has a specific surface area of at least 200 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: An adduct having the formula: 4Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4. 2H.sub.2 O.sub.2. NaCl, is prepared by reacting sodium sulfate with hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution, in the presence of sodium chloride in the reaction system.

Abstract: Sulfuryl fluoride is produced by reacting a gaseous mixture of chlorine, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen fluoride, at a temperature between about 125.degree. and 400.degree. C in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkaline earth metal fluoride.

Abstract: A stable unsubstituted sulfonium salt and method of isolating same.

Abstract: A process for removal of fluoride compounds from spent alkylation catalyst containing fluorosulfonic acid and sulfuric acid wherein hydrogen fluoride and fluorosulfonic acid, in the presence of water, are removed by vacuum distillation following which the remaining sulfuric acid rich fraction of the spent catalyst is reacted with a silica containing material to convert most of the remaining residual hydrogen fluoride to silicon fluoride which is volatilized from the mixture to thereby provide a sulfuric acid effluent free of substantial amounts of fluoride compounds. The hydrogen fluoride recovered is reacted with sulfur trioxide to form fresh fluorosulfonic acid which is combined with sulfuric acid to provide fresh alkylation catalyst.

Abstract: Fluosulfonic acid (HSO.sub.3 F) is made by the steps of (1) introducing liquid SO.sub.3 and liquid HF separately into a stream of fluosulfonic acid to produce additional fluosulfonic acid, (2) cooling the fluosulfonic acid, and (3) recycling fluosulfonic acid to step (1). Anhydrous liquid HF and liquid SO.sub.3 are added to the fluosulfonic acid in step (1) in such proportions as to achieve a desired purity in the resulting product.

Abstract: Pentafluorosulfur hypochlorite, SF.sub.5 OCl, and its preparation by reacting thionyl tetrafluoride, SOF.sub.4, or a salt thereof, with an inorganic reagent containing a chlorine atom in a +1 oxidation state which chlorine atom is attached to a more electronegative element. When SOF.sub.4 is employed, it is necessary to use a catalyst for the reaction selected from the group consisting of LiF, NaF, KF, RbF and CsF. Pentafluorosulfur hypochlorite is useful as a polymerization initiator and is a valuable intermediate for the synthesis of other useful compounds.