Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel integrated process for the recovery of sulphate of potash (SOP) from sulphate rich bittern. The process requires bittern and lime as raw materials. Kainite type mixed salt is obtained by fractional crystallization of the bittern, and is converted to schoenite which is subsequently reacted with muriate of potash (MOP) for its conversion to SOP. End liquor from kainite to schoenite conversion (SEL) is desulphated and supplemented with MgCl2 using end bittern generated in the process of making carnallite. Decomposed carnallite liquor produced is reacted with hydrated lime for preparing CaCl2 solution and high purity Mg(OH)2 having low boron content. It is shown that the liquid streams containing potash are recycled in the process, and the recovery of potash in the form of SOP is quantitative.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and installations for producing ultra pure sodium chloride salt crystals primarily for use in saturating depleted brine resulting from the electrolytic decomposition of saturated brine in chlor alkali membrane cells for the production of chlorine, caustic soda and hydrogen. More particularly, this invention relates to the production of ultra pure sodium chloride salt crystals by processing primary treated brine by first acidifying the primary treated brine, then stripping the carbonic acid produced by acidification as carbon dioxide, and then returning the brine to a pH of about 6 or higher which is sufficient for processing it in evaporation equipment where the ultra pure salt crystals are produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to recovery of industrial grade potassium chloride and low sodium edible salt from bittern as part of an integrated process. The process comprises, mixing low sulphate concentrated feed bittern (a by-product of salt industry) of density 31.5 to 32.5° Be (sp.gr. 1.277–1.289) with high density end bittern of density 36.5 to 37.5° Be? (sp.gr. 1.336–1.35), thereby producing low sodium carnallite, from which industrial grade potassium chloride is produced. The resultant bittern is evaporated in forced evaporation system, thereby producing crude carnallite, from which low sodium salt that would be beneficial to persons suffering from hypertension is produced. When sulphate-rich bittern is used, such bittern is desulphated with CaCl2 that is generated from carnallite decomposed liquor through reaction with lime, and wherein low B2O3-containing Mg(OH)2 is a by-product. The entire content of potassium in feed bittern is recovered in the process of the invention.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of lithium iodide solutions by reacting a lithium-containing substance with elemental iodine, the lithium iodide being prepared in an aprotic solvent that can be used as a solvent in a liquid electrolyte solution.

Abstract: Snow and ice-melting granules prepared from compacted blends of salts of alkali and/or alkaline earth metals and a method for preparing such granules, are provided. The inventive granules have improved mechanical properties and, as such, are not readily reduced to a powder when subjected to mechanical loadings during transit and storage. In a preferred embodiment, the inventive granules employ one or more corrosion inhibitors homogeneously distributed throughout the granules.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing BHP contaminants (alkali hydroxide and H2O2) from a recycled aqueous alkali chloride solution stream before the stream is fed to a chloralkali cell so that the contaminants do not impair the operation of a chloralkali cell. Unwanted alkali hydroxide within the recycled alkali chloride brine solution is reacted with chlorine gas and converted into an alkali chloride, which is useful in the operation of the chloralkali cell, and oxygen gas, which is outgassed from the system. Any H2O2 remaining in the recycled stream after elimination of the alkali hydroxide is reacted with chlorine to form HCl and oxygen gas. The HCl raises the pH of the brine solution, after which the pH may be adjusted by the addition of supplemental alkali hydroxide.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of lithium iodide solutions by reacting a lithium-containing substance with elemental iodine, the lithium iodide being prepared in an aprotic solvent that can be used as a solvent in a liquid electrolyte solution.

Abstract: Process for the production of sodium chloride crystals from a sodium chloride brine contaminated by potassium chloride and sulphate ions, according to which a calcium compound (32) is added to the brine (48) to crystallize glauberite (35), which is isolated, the resulting aqueous solution (36) is subjected to evaporation to crystallize sodium chloride (40), which is collected, and the aqueous mother liquor (41) from the crystallization of the sodium chloride is subjected to cooling (42) to crystallize glaserite (45).

Abstract: A method of making a cesium salt is described and involves reacting a cesium sulfate containing solution with lime to form 1) a solution containing at least cesium hydroxide and 2) a residue comprising calcium sulfate. The method further involves removing the residue from the solution and converting the cesium hydroxide that is present in the solution to at least one type of cesium salt. The present invention further relates to uses of the cesium salt as well as methods of making cesium hydroxide using lime. Also, methods of making alkali metal salts and alkali metal hydroxides are also described.

Abstract: A new process for recovery of Low Sodium Salt from bittern has been described in the present invention, the said process comprising desulphatation of bittern (by-product of salt industry), evaporation of bittern in solar pans and processing of solid mixture with water to produce a mixture of sodium and potassium chlorides and optionally preparing “free flowing” and iodized, by known techniques.

Abstract: The invention provides a common salt having the rounded-off savory taste of natural common salt and yet a reduced tendency toward deliquescence and coagulation and a process for producing the same. The invention further provides a method for fractional recovery of freshwater and raw materials for the above common salt from seawater in connection with the production of the same common salt. The common salt of the invention is a bittern-containing granular common salt with each of its grains consisting of a core comprised of a bittern-containing composition optionally containing NaCl and, as covering the grain, a coating layer comprised of a NaCl-containing composition optionally containing CaSO4 or bittern.

Abstract: A process for separating a solid compound other than lithium hydroxide, such as sodium chloride, in which lithium hydroxide is hydrosulfurized by bubbling gaseous hydrogen sulfide through an aprotic solvent, such as a polar organic compound, containing lithium hydroxide and the solid compound other than lithium hydroxide, solid-liquid separation is conducted under a condition in which the reaction of lithium hydrosulfide to lithium sulfide and hydrogen sulfide is suppressed and at a temperature of the liquid for separation at 50 to 150° C., and the separated crystal cake is further washed with the aprotic solvent to highly recover lithium hydrosulfide.

Abstract: A method of removing from a metal salt ionic species contained therein involves contacting the metal salt with an ionic liquid to dissolve the metal salt, the ionic species or both. At least in the case where both the metal salt and the ionic species are dissolved, the resultant ionic liquid composition is treated to separate the ionic species therefrom and subsequently processed to recover the metal salt.

Abstract: Aqueous alkali metal chloride solutions, typically destined for electrolysis for the production of chlorine and containing a contaminating amount of iodine values in other than the periodate state, are purified by oxidizing the iodine values therein to the periodate oxidation state of +7 and then separating such periodate values therefrom. The starting alkali metal chloride solutions may also contain contaminating amounts of ammonium values, which in turn are oxidized, preferably simultaneously, to molecular nitrogen and degassed therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ionically conductive material, to its preparation and to its uses. The material includes at least one ionic compound in solution in an aprotic solvent, chosen from the compounds (1/mM)+[(ZY)2N]−, (1/mM)+[(ZY)3C]− and (1/mM)+[(ZY)2CQ]−, in which Y denotes SO2 or POZ, Q denotes —H, —COZ or Z, each substituent Z independently denotes a fluorine atom or an optionally perfluorinated organic group which optionally contains at least one polymerizable functional group, at least one of the substituents Z denoting a fluorine atom, and M denotes a cation. Application to electrochemical generators, supercapacities, to the doping of polymers and to electrochromic devices.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of sodium fluoride from sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen fluoride or hydrofluoric acid, characterized in that <45% strength by weight, preferably 20 to 40% strength by weight, sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen fluoride or hydrofluoric acid are introduced separately into a saturated NaF solution in which 4 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, of solid NaF are suspended and whose temperature is in the range from 20 to 80° C., preferably 30 to 60° C.

Abstract: A process for the purification of SiO2 granulate is provided, where the SiO2 granulate is supplied into a reaction zone, heated therein and exposed to a treatment gas which comprises a halogen-containing component. The treatment gas comprises a fuel gas with hydrogen-containing component, which component is combusted in the reaction zone, forming a fuel gas flame to which the SiO2 granulate is exposed. The treatment gas reacts with contaminants in the SiO2 granulate to create volatile reaction products which are removed from the reaction zone. The process produce SiO2 granulates of high purity in a reproducible manner, while incurring relatively low expenditures in time, material and money. The apparatus for implementation of the process comprises a burner supplied with a fuel gas for generating a fuel gas flame and a with halogen-containing component, a supply device which feeds the SiO2 granulate to the fuel gas flame, and a separating device for separating the SiO2 granulate from a waste gas.