Abstract: There is described a process for the production of pure sodium polysulfides directly from the elements sodium and sulfur. For this purpose, the sodium and the sulfur under a protective gas and in a stoichiometrical ratio corresponding to the desired polysulfide are alternatingly dosed into a previously present melt of a polysulfide with vigorous stirring, the dosing being in portions such that upon introduction of the sodium the reaction mixture remains in the condition of a stirrable suspension and upon introduction of the sulfur this is completely reacted to a polysulfide of the desired or higher sulfur content.

Abstract: The method for the preparation of hydrogen sulfide from its respective elements wherein sulfur and hydrogen are reacted in a diffusion flame in a temperature range of 650.degree. to 1300.degree. C.

Abstract: Intercalatable layered or lamellar stable transition metal chalcogenides, such as CrS.sub.2, usable as cathode active materials and intercalatable layered or lamellar stable alkali metal-transition metal chalcogenides, such as LiCrS.sub.2, usable as cathode active materials as well as anode active materials are synthesized by ion implantation and annealing techniques.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the removal of arsenic compounds from an arsenic-containing material wherein the material is reacted with an oxygen carrier and a sulfur carrier under temperature conditions sufficiently high to convert the arsenic compounds to sulfides and the arsenic sulfides are thereupon condensed and deposited in solid form.

Abstract: Rigid unitary porous titanium disulfide (TiS.sub.2) electrodes, particularly useful in electrochemical cells. The electrodes are devoid of binders and other additives, except for incidental impurities. The electrodes are prepared by reacting elemental sulfur with a preformed porous titanium body of predetermined shape and size, the sulfur being provided in sufficient amount to stoichiometrically react completely with the titanium body thereby forming in situ a titanium disulfide body.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus adaptable to continuous production of hydrogen sulfide by chemical reaction of sulfur with a gaseous sulfur-reducing reactant selected from methane or other hydrocarbons, hydrogen, carbon-containing compounds such as carbon disulfide, gases with high CO contents, e.g. from gasification of coal, or mixtures of such gases are provided utilizing a separately-fired sulfur heater to vaporize liquid sulfur feedstock. Adding steam with the sulfur reduces the temperature level requirements of the sulfur vapors and provides H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 for the hydrolysis reactions. Control of the temperature of the sulfur vapors and steam delivered into the system through the sulfur vaporizer is used to modulate sulfiding reaction temperatures. A major portion of the steam is introduced with the sulfur vapors; a minor portion of the steam can be added with the feedstock reductant gas to assist in heat recovery from the reaction product gases and to facilitate standby conditions.

Abstract: Method for preparing an inorganic sulfide material including heating at temperatures between about 800.degree. and 1200.degree. C. a mixture comprising at least one member of the group consisting of oxidic materials of calcium, strontium and combinations thereof with a reactive sulfurizing flux which yields sulfides and polysulfides upon heating until the flux melts, reacts with the oxidic material, and the mixture forms into a molten mass. Then, cooling the mass to room temperature whereby relatively water-insoluble particles of the desired sulfide material crystallize in a relatively water-soluble matrix. The sulfide material may be separated by dissolving away the matrix in water and collecting the particles of sulfide material.

Abstract: Commercially available titanium disulfide is treated with an oxidizing agent such as iodine (I.sub.2) prior to use as a cathode material in an electrochemical cell with the treated titanium disulfide providing superior discharge characteristics.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of titanium disulfide by the vapor phase reaction of titanium tetrachloride and a sulfur containing gas. The titanium tetrachloride and the sulfur containing gas are preheated separately and the sulfur containing gas is introduced through a supply conduit at an established rate of flow into a reaction zone and the titanium tetrachloride is introduced into the reaction zone with a downstream component of velocity. A refractory material having a mean particle size greater than the titanium sulfide product is introduced into the product gas stream to impinge on the walls of the reaction zone to eliminate titanium disulfide deposition thereon.

Abstract: Soil is stabilized and strengthened by application of solutions of calcium polysulfides. Compositions useful for soil stabilization comprise aqueous solutions of calcium polysulfide or aqueous mixtures of calcium polysulfides and dispersed organic polymers. Emulsifiers provide soil penetration.

Abstract: Hydrosulfides of sodium, potassium, calcium, barium and strontium are prepared by reaction of the oxide or hydroxide of the metal with sulfur in aqueous medium at elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: Metallic titanium and a stoichiometric excess of elemental sulfur are reacted at a temperature above about 630.degree. C. but below the critical temperature of elemental sulfur under superatmospheric pressures sufficiently great to insure the presence of molten elemental sulfur to produce titanium disulfide. Upon completion of the reaction, the titanium disulfide is cooled rapidly from at least about 630.degree. C. to minimize formation of titanium trisulfide and titanium disulfide is then separated from the elemental sulfur.

Abstract: Stoichiometric titanium disulfide having a high degree of crystalline perfection and particularly suited for use as an active cathode material is prepared by heating particulate metallic titanium to a reaction temperature between about 475.degree. and 600.degree. C., contacting the heated titanium with an atmosphere having a sulfur partial pressure substantially equal to the equilibrium sulfur partial pressure at the reaction temperature to form titanium disulfide, and maintaining the reactants at the reaction temperature sufficiently to insure complete reaction. The reaction is advantageously conducted in an evacuated tube which is differentially heated to establish a hot zone where the reaction occurs and a cooler zone which controls the sulfur partial pressure within the tube so that the rate of reaction can in turn be controlled to minimize overheating, and also prevents the formation of titanium trisulfide.

Abstract: Finely divided, stoichiometric titanium disulfide is prepared by directly reacting metallic titanium with less than stoichiometric amounts of elemental sulfur at a temperature between about 400.degree. and 1,000.degree.C. to form finely divided, nonstoichiometric, titanium-rich titanium disulfide. The titanium-rich titanium disulfide is then annealed at a temperature between about 400.degree. and about 600.degree.C. in an atmosphere having a sulfur partial pressure approximately equal to the sulfur partial pressure of stoichiometric titanium disulfide whereby the sulfur in the atmosphere reacts with the titanium-rich titanium disulfide to form a finely divided, stoichiometric titanium disulfide.

Abstract: A method for selectively recovering metals from generally sulphidic particulate materials containing metals selected from nickel, copper and precious metals in which the particulate material is preferentially leached in an agitated chloride solution containing cuprous ions by the action of chlorine. The redox potential of the solution increases upon feeding chlorine thereto and decreases upon feeding particulate material thereto, and the rate of feeding of chlorine is controlled relative to the rate of feeding of material to control the redox potential substantially at or below a selected potential at which the metal is leached preferentially with respect to other metals in the material. Nickel is leached preferentially with respect to copper and precious metals in a matte, for example, to produce a nickel-rich solution and to concentrate the precious metals in a nickel-depleted residue.