Abstract: A composition containing caffeine solubilized with para-amino benzoic acid is described. Preferably the caffeine is delivered in the form of an aqueous microdispersion including a non-metallic microparticulate carrier. Still more preferably, there is present in the aqueous microdispersion niacin. When administered orally, in small volumes, containing small doses of these agents, this composition has been demonstrated to have stimulant and antisoporific actions that result in elevated mood, decreased fatigue and increased capacity for work that is apparent almost immediately.

Abstract: To provide a therapeutic dose of an aqueous slurry of activated charcoal to a poisoning victim, an opaque straw is coated internally with a viscous flavoring solution and the slurry is sucked up from an opaque container using the straw. The use of natural and/or artificial sweeteners in the slurry masks the gritty particles and improves the taste.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for preparing microparticles of the microsphere type of a water-soluble substance and a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer controlling the kinetics of release of the said substance consisting of a matrix of the said polymer within which the said water-soluble substance is regularly dispersed, characterized in thata) the said polymer is dissolved in a first volatile organic solvent immiscible with water,b) the said water-soluble substance is dissolved in a second solvent which is miscible with the said first solvent, is a solvent for the polymer, and miscible with water,c) the solution of the said substance and the solution of the said polymer are mixed,d) an organic phase of the polymer and of the said substance is obtained which is then emulsified in an immiscible dispersant medium consisting of an aqueous phase containing an emulsifying agent,e) the two solvents are then removed from the microspheres being formed with stirring, the first solvent being r

Abstract: There is disclosed an enhancer for the antianemia effect of erythropoietin using a spherical carbon as an active ingredient in an amount effective for treating anemia in combination with erythropoietin. The enhancer is orally administered. The antianemia effect of erythropoietin can be remarkably enhanced, the dosage of erythropoietin can be remarkably decreased, and side effects from erythropoietin can be remarkably reduced. There is further disclosed a method of augmenting the antianemia effect of erythropoietin by administering to a patient an effective amount of a spherical carbon in combination with a portion of an effective amount of erythropoietin for treating anemia.

Abstract: An antidiabetic agent containing a spherical carbon (e.g., an activated spherical carbon or a spherical carbonaceous adsorbent) as an active ingredient. The antidiabetic agent can be used for treating diabetes, preferably by using the agent internally as an oral medicine and will not be painful to a patient at an injection site, unlike conventional injections of insulin. Moreover, unlike conventional antidiabetic agents, the antidiabetic agent of the present invention will not induce hypoglycemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to radiopharmaceutical products used in the treatment of thyroid diseases. In particular, the present invention relates to sodium iodide .sup.131 I capsules which have increased stability and lower volatility.The objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a .sup.131 I capsule having a matrix material and antioxidant additive combination which provides for increased stability and reduced volatility of the capsule.

Abstract: A stable hair straightening conditioner which softens and conditions hair when used as a rinse conditioner and which straightens hair when left in the hair using a one-step treatment process, consisting essentially of effective amounts of a nonionic water-soluble cellulose polymer, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a di-C.sub.10 -C.sub.22 alkyl di-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl quaternary ammonium compound, a C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 alkylamido C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 alkyl di C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl amine, propylene glycol, mineral oil, a C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 alkanol and cyclomethicone in an aqueous vehicle. Also within the scope of the invention is the process of straightening the hair which comprises the steps of applying the straightener-conditioner composition to wet or dry hair in an amount sufficient to wet the hair, combing the hair to distribute the composition and continuing said combing in the presence or absence of added heat until the hair is substantially dry.

Abstract: Activated carbon, useful in a pharmaceutical composition for adsorbing exogenous or endogenous toxins from the gastrointestinal tract of a patient can be prepared by a process including a step of treating activated carbon with an aqueous ammonia solution to provide a resultant activated carbon having a pH of 6 to 8.

Abstract: A ground mixture of a poorly soluble crystalline drug and an adsorbent is remarkably improved in the rates of dissolution and adsorption of the drug.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition having an antidotal activity, which in dosage unit form is capable of adsorbing exogenous or endogenous toxins in the gastrointestinal tract of a patient without disintegration of said pharmaceutical composition and without causing the patient to become constipated. The active ingredient comprises spherical particles of an activated carbon wherein at least 85% in number of said spherical particles of activated carbon are microscopically spherical particles which have smooth and convex-curved surfaces without sharp edges. Specific physical parameters of the carbon particles include, maximum to minimum diameter ratios of 1.0 to 1.3, diameters of 0.05 to 2.0 mm and pore cavity volume of not more than 0.5 cc/g determined in the range of pore-radius of 5000 to 75,000 .ANG.. Dosage unit forms included, capsules, tablets, and aqueous slurries.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel porous and spherical carbonaceous product having acidic groups, basic groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups as functional groups at the following relationships:(1) the equivalent ratio of the acidic groups to the basic groups is in the range of 0.40 to 2.5 and(2) the value obtained by subtracting the amount of the carboxyl groups from the sum of the amounts of the basic groups and the phenolic hydroxylic groups is larger than 0.60, wherein the amount of the above-mentioned functional groups is expressed by milliequivalent/g of the product.The novel porous and spherical carbonaceous product having its groups in the above-mentioned relationships exhibits a specific adsorptive capability in living bodies and particularly useful as a pharmaceutical for treating diseases of the liver and kidney after administered orally.

Abstract: A method of altering the intoxicating effects of beverage alcohol by the ingestion of activated charcoal prior to, along with, and/or immediately following the consumption of alcohol. Absorption of alcohol and its metabolites from the digestive tract into the circulatory system is reduced. This has the effect of reducing the symptoms associated with alcohol intoxication. Reverse absorption of alcohol and its metabolites from the cirulatory system to the digestive tract by ingestion of activated charcoal during or following the consumption of alcohol reduces or eliminates the hang-over effect. Long term alcohol-related disabilities may be reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: A process is described which consists, in a first stage, in applying a composition based on a substance of vegetable or animal origin, a synthetic organic substance or a mineral substance, in suspension or in solution in a solvent and having a viscosity suitable for application to the hair, or as a powder, and making it possible to prevent or substantially to limit the passage of the dyestuffs and/or of the dyestuff precursors as far as the scalp, and, in a second stage, in dyeing the hair using one or more compositions, at least one of which contains either an oxidizable dyestuff or a direct dyestuff, the dyeing being followed, after an interval sufficient for coloring the hair, by rinsing and optionally by shampooing.

Abstract: A therapeutic composition is coated with a mixture of an emetic chemical and an inert material. A method for reducing absorption into the body of a being of an emetic chemical while still retaining localized emetic activity comprises combining prior to ingestion of the chemical, the emetic chemical with a material that is substantially inert to a gastrointestinal environment such that when the combination is ingested and passed along the gastrointestinal tract, localized emetic activity is available while an undesirable amount of the emetic chemical is not absorbed into the body. A method of inducing emesis in the body of a being to preclude death from accidental or intentional overdosage of a therapeutic composition, which is normally of the type which if ingested by prescription is safe, but if excessively ingested is lethal while simultaneously reducing absorption of an emetic chemical into the body.

Abstract: A product and method of making a seed coating mixture which will adhere to the seed prior to planting, which will make the seed germinate faster, and which will result in germination of a greater number of seeds.

Abstract: A therapeutic composition is coated with a mixture of an emetic chemical and an inert material. A method for reducing absorption into the body of a being of an emetic chemical while still retaining localized emetic activity comprises combining prior to ingestion of the chemical, the emetic chemical with a material that is substantially inert to a gastrointestinal environment such that when the combination is ingested and passed along the gastrointestinal tract, localized emetic activity is available while an undesirable amount of the emetic chemical is not absorbed into the body. A method of inducing emesis in the body of a being to preclude death from accidental or intentional overdosage of a therapeutic composition, which is normally of the type which if ingested by prescription is safe, but if excessively ingested is lethal while simultaneously reducing absorption of an emetic chemical into the body.

Abstract: The phytoxicity of a carbamate pesticide such as carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol methylcarbamate) contained in a seed coating composition is nullified or minimized without materially reducing the pesticidal effectiveness of the carbamate by the presence in the seed coating composition of an activiated charcoal powder of neutral to acid pH.

Abstract: Techniques for producing semipermeable microcapsules by interfacial polymerization are disclosed. The material to be encapsulated and a hydrophilic monomer are emulsified within a hydrophobic continuous phase. Polymerization is initiated by dissolving a second monomer in the continuous phase, and occurs only at the interface of the emulsion to result in the formation of macroporous, poorly defined capsule membranes. Next, the affinity of the continuous phase for the hydrophilic monomer is varied by altering the polarity of the continuous phase. This step is accomplished either by isolating and resuspending the raw capsules in a fresh continuous phase of different polar character, or by mixing a second solvent with the continuous phase. By controlling the affinity and the concentration of the second monomer, it is possible to produce microcapsules having uniform capsule membranes and a selected upper limit of permeability.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of repelling insects from humans, with sulfur as an element or combined or mixed with other substances, by the systemic action in the human body; and also the substances produced by the systemic action on the exposed surfaces of the body such as the skin or membranes.

Abstract: A tooth paste composition comprising, in combination with a detergent base, a mixture of micronized colloidal silica gel and activated charcoal.

Abstract: There is provided a medicine for treating diarrhea which comprises medicinal carbon, Bolus alba, pectin, sweet whey powder and lactose.

Abstract: A vaccine, toxoid or like agent is administered to an animal by injecting the agent (usually intracutaneously) on a physiologically acceptable colored particle, preferably activated charcoal, which has a particle size whereby the colored particle remains at the point of injection to provide a visible mark which evidences administration of the vaccine or toxoid, and a repository of immunologically active material to serve as a booster.

Abstract: A method of preparing blood-compatible sorbents for recovering exo- and endogenic poisons which comprises sorption of the blood-serum albumin on an anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin, activated carbon or a styrene and divinylbenzene copolymer with a specific surface area of at least 20 m.sup.2 /g. Thereafter, the sorbed albumin is subjected to polycondensation at a temperature ranging from 10.degree. to 90.degree. C. The method according to the present invention practically does not change the initial porous structure of the sorbents, thus ensuring sorption of such compounds as bilirubin, uric acid, creatinine, barbituric acid derivatives, potassium and ammonium ions, phenols, indoles, skatoles.

Abstract: A method and composition for removal of undesirable materials such as poisons from the gastrointestinal tract including the ingestion of a mixture of sorbitol and activated carbon whereby the activated carbon adsorbs the undesired material and carries it through the digestive tract, accelerated by the laxative action of sorbitol.

Abstract: Thixotropic fumigant compositions comprising liquid haloaliphatic hydrocarbon based fumigants and silica gelling agents may be stabilized through the use of an epoxide stabilizing agent and by controlling the purity of the raw materials such that the haloaliphatic hydrocarbon contains alcoholic impurities such as methyl alcohol in methyl bromide at a level of not more than about 200 ppm and such that the composition contains an initial water content of not more than about 500 ppm. Such compositions have utility as soil fumigants having significantly improved shelf life relative to prior gelled fumigant compositions for use in the control of nematodes, weeds, and weed seeds.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for protection of a wearer's exposed skin against biting insects, and consists of a collar having a backing strip resistant to passage of liquid therethrough, an absorbent layer of open-cell solid resin foam impregnated with finely divided absorbent, and an outer porous covering. Liquid insect repellent is applied to the collar and absorbed, but then desorbs and evaporates at a slow rate to provide efficient protection when the collar is worn. Longer term protection using less chemical repellent than conventional methods is provided.

Abstract: Method of removing metabolic waste products from a warm-blooded animal by orally administering a composition of a non-toxic surfactant and pharmaceutically acceptable sorbents.The compositions are useful in treating chronic and acute uremia, hepatic failure due to cirrhosis or other causes, acute renal failure such as from drug poisonings and other conditions requiring removal of toxic substances in which oral drug administration is feasible.