Abstract: The present invention discloses sustained release dental compositions, such as tooth bleaching or fluoride-containing compositions, having high viscosity and stickiness for treating tooth surfaces. For maximum results, an improved dental tray having reservoirs for holding the dental composition adjacent to the tooth surfaces being treated is preferably used in conjunction with the sustained release dental compositions. The sustained release dental compositions include carboxypolymethylene in a concentration in a range from about 3.5% to about 12% by weight of the dental composition, as well as a base so that the pH of the dental composition is in a range from about 5 to about 7, which results in a very high viscosity composition. The carboxypolymethylene also inhibits dilution of the dental compositions by saliva so that the compositions stay within the tray reservoirs over time, thereby providing sustained release, or prolonged delivery, of the active dental agent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an infusion preparation set (a container filled with infusion liquids) useful for preparation of an infusion liquid containing sugars, amino acids, electrolytes, a fat emulsion and vitamins. The present invention is constituted by the use of a container having two compartments which are separated from each other by a separation means, which contains an infusion liquid comprising a fat emulsion, sugars, fat-soluble vitamins and specified water-soluble vitamins in the first compartment and an infusion liquid comprising amino acids, electrolytes and other specified water-soluble vitamins in the second compartment. An infusion preparation containing sugars, amino acids, electrolytes, a fat emulsion and vitamins can be obtained easily and aseptically upon use, by simply removing a separation means and mixing the infusion liquids included in the first and second compartments.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition and method for reducing molecular defects in metastable tissue systems. Molecular defects represent spaces or vacancies in the structural order of the metastable system. The effect of molecular defects can be minimized such that the pre-defect order is preserved through the use of structure makers. These structure makers will then occupy the space or vacancy of the molecular defect, preserving the pre-defect order of the system. Lithium ions are a preferred structure maker.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and composition for inhibiting or destroying viruses or retroviruses in a mammalian host. The method comprises contacting the viruses or retroviruses with a composition. The composition comprises an active ingredient capable of inhibiting or destroying viruses or retroviruses, for example, a surfactant, and an activating ingredient capable of inhibiting or destroying one or more enzymes associated with viruses or retroviruses, for example, a fluorinated compound capable of releasing fluoride anions, and an excipient.

Abstract: A fluoride releasing dental composition comprising a polymer, a monomer and a metal fluoride. The polymer may be an acrylate polymer, a methacrylate polymer or a copolymer thereof. The monomer may be a monomeric heterocyclic acrylic ester, a monomeric heterocyclic methacrylic ester, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.16 alkyl acrylic ester or a C.sub.3 -C.sub.16 methacrylic ester. The metal fluoride is a nontoxic, biologically acceptable metal fluoride. In certain embodiments, the metal fluoride is sodium fluoride. The metal fluoride may comprise from approximately 0.1% to approximately 2% of the composition by weight.

Abstract: The invention is a high humectant, low water, stannous fluoride containing toothpaste composition which maintains the stability and activity of the stannous fluoride over time, and methods for the preparation thereof. Stannous fluoride combined with from about 70 to about 92% humectant, and water present at less than 10% by weight, provides a stable toothpaste which avoids stannous fluoride degradation with time.

Abstract: A gel composition exhibiting improved stand-up and efficacy in treating dentine hypersensitivity which composition contains about 0.3 to about 1.0% by weight SnF.sub.2, about 87 to about 97% by weight anhydrous glycerine and about 2.0 to about 10% by weight of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 1000.

Abstract: A SnF.sub.2 gel composition exhibiting improved stand-up and stability to exposure to air containing moisture which composition contains SNF.sub.2, anhydrous glycerin, a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 1000 and xanthan gum.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition and a method for using the same which composition inhibits or destroys unicellular living organisms. The composition is particularly effective in combating sexually transmitted diseases and as an antiseptic agent. The composition of the invention comprises lithium and ionic or ionizable, fluorine, for example, lithium fluoride. A suitable excipient such as KATHON may also be present.

Abstract: A slow-dissolving sanitizing and clarifying puck for use in water such as swimming pool water preferably includes about 63% to about 80% trichloro-s-triazinetrione, about 4% to about 12% sodium tetraborate, about 10% to about 22% aluminum sulfate, and about 1% to 5% glycoluril.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing activated stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices include bacterial infections, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and fungal infections, such as Candida, and leukoplakia. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: One can impart outstanding resistance against collapse under pressure to gas-filled microvesicle used as contrast agents in ultrasonic echography by using as fillers gases whose solubility in water, expressed in liter of gas by liter of water under standard conditions, divided by the square root of the molecular weight does not exceed 0.003.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are agents for enhancing the contrast in an ultrasound image. These agents are extremely small bubbles, or "microbubbles," comprised of specially selected gases. The microbubbles described herein exhibit long life spans in solution and may be produced at a size small enough to traverse the lungs, thus enabling improved ultrasound imaging of the cardiovascular system and other vital organs. Also disclosed herein is a method for selecting gases from which contrast agents may be produced. The method is based on calculations using inherent physical properties of gases and describes a means to associate the properties of a gas with the time for dissolution of a microbubble comprised of the gas.

Abstract: Ultrasound contrast media comprising gaseous perfluoropentane and gaseous perfluorohexane are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition and method for reducing structural defects in metastable systems. Structural defects represent spaces or vacancies in the structural order of the metastable system, which can be restored to the predefect order through the use of structure makers. These structure makers will then occupy the space or vacancy of the defect, restoring the order of the system. Lithium ions are used as a preferred structure maker to reduce the structural defects that lead to cataract in a human lens.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing activated stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices include bacterial infections, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and fungal infections, such as Candida, and leukoplakia. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of an aqueous stable premix containing a stannous ion releasing compound useful in the manufacture of an aqueous oral care composition containing a stable stannous ion releasing compound which comprises first dissolving the stannous compound in an aqueous solution of critic acid or its alkali metal salt to prepare the aqueous premix to the vehicle of the oral care composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and composition for inhibiting or destroying viruses or retroviruses in a mammalian host. The method comprises contacting the viruses or retroviruses with a composition. The composition comprises an active ingredient capable of inhibiting or destroying viruses or retroviruses, for example, a surfactant, and an activating ingredient capable of inhibiting or destroying one or more enzymes associated with viruses or retroviruses, for example, a fluorinated compound capable of releasing fluoride anions, and an excipient.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are agents for enhancing the contrast in an ultrasound image. These agents are extremely small bubbles, or "microbubbles," comprised of specially selected gases. The microbubbles described herein exhibit long life spans in solution and may be produced at a size small enough to traverse the lungs, thus enabling improved ultrasound imaging of the cardiovascular system and other vital organs. Also disclosed herein is a method for selecting gases from which contrast agents may be produced. The method is based on calculations using inherent physical properties of gases and describes a means to associate the properties of a gas with the time for dissolution of microbubbles comprised of the gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oral composition for the treatment and prevenn of dental hypersensitivity comprising an anti-hypersensitivity agent embedded in a sustained release carrier such as a cellulosic or hydrophobic polymer, and a method for the use of said composition in treating and preventing dental hypersensitivity. The invention also provides for the supplementation of said oral composition with an adhesive and a plasticizer to increase the effectiveness of the anti-hypersensitivity agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are agents for enhancing the contrast in an ultrasound image. These agents are extremely small bubbles, or "microbubbles," comprised of specially selected gases. The microbubbles described herein exhibit long life spans in solution and may be produced at a size small enough to traverse the lungs, thus enabling improved ultrasound imaging of the cardiovascular system and other vital organs. Also disclosed herein is a method for selecting gases from which contrast agents may be produced. The method is based on calculations using inherent physical properties of gases and describes a means to associate the properties of a gas with the time for dissolution of a microbubble comprised of the gas.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling macroinvertebrates in aqueous systems, such as lakes, comprising adding to the aqueous system in recognized need of such control an effective controlling amount of an anionic toxicant containing the anion I.sup.- or F.sup.-, such as ethylenediamine (EDDI) or sodium fluoride (NaF).

Abstract: Ferritin analogs comprising an apoferritin protein shell and a core substantially devoid of ferrihydrite, e.g. of inorganic composition such as aluminum hydroxide or organic composition such as acetaminophen. The protein shell can be removed from ferritin analog to produce spherules having a substantially monomodal nominal diameter between about 45 and 90 Angstroms.

Abstract: The pharmaceutical composition according to the invention consists essentially of:i) one or more, pharmaceutically acceptable, water soluble compounds of boron, fluorine, magnesium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and molybdenum, which compounds do not precipitate with each other or with the other components of the composition and exhibit a neutral or acidic pH in an aqueous medium;ii) glycine;iii) glycerol;iv) L-(+)-ascorbic acid;v) succinic acid;vi) a neutral or acidic and water-soluble, pharmaceutically acceptable salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid;vii) potassium sodium tartrate; andviii) L-(+)-tartaric acid. The composition can be used for the treatment of mucoviscidosis and chronic pain syndromes deriving from locomotor diseases or accompanying diseases of tumorous origin.

Abstract: A transdermal fluoride medication for providing fluoride ion for the prevention and treatment of bone loss disease, which may have an estrogen-containing substance for not only treating hormonal imbalance but to obtain more advantageous use of the fluoride ion within the body. A transdermal enhancer is present. The preferred form is a transdermal patch containing sodium monofluorophosphate and further optionally including an estrogen-containing substance and a transdermal enhancer, which is adhesively attached on the skin of the patient for slow release of fluoride ion and, optionally, estrogen to the bloodstream of the patient. Up to ten percent of sodium fluoride and/or calcium can be added.

Abstract: A method for treating Candida infections of surfaces and cavities of dentures, the oral and vaginal cavities is disclosed. The method includes contacting an antifungal formulation onto the surface or cavity which is infected with the Candida fungus. The antifungal formulation includes a humectant in a concentration from about 20% to about 80%, lytic activating agents including inorganic monovalent anions and detergents. The antifungal formulation is contacted to the infected surface or cavity by suitable carrier or dispenser. The method is preferably directed towards the treatment of denture stomatitis in the oral cavity. The method preferably includes forming a replica of the denture surface using a suitable fungal growth medium to determine the location and, then, contacting the infected denture surface and surface of the oral cavity with the antifungal formulation.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing a paste or cream like material which comprises the steps of means for forming under non vacuum conditions at a temperature of 90.degree. F. to 120.degree. F. a first low viscosity homogenous slurry of at least one non aqueous solvent and a gelling or bodying agent; means for forming a second low viscosity homogenous slurry under non vacuum conditions at a temperature of 90.degree. F. to 130.degree. F., means for forming a low viscosity mixture of said first low viscosity slurry and said second low viscosity slurry by a high shear mixing under non vacuum conditions at a temperature of 90.degree. F. to 130.degree. F. for 0.1 to 5 seconds; means for transforming under non vacuum and non mixing conditions at a temperature of 65.degree. F. to 120.degree. F., said low viscosity mixture into a non Newtonian mixture; and means for deaerating said non Newtonian mixture under vacuum conditions for a period of less than 3 seconds to form said paste or cream like material.

Abstract: An oral composition is provided that includes a peroxygen compound such as hydrogen peroxide, a fluoride-containing anticaries agent and a tin compound, especially stannous chloride. The tin compound stabilizes the peroxygen compound against decomposition that ordinarily would be induced by the presence of fluoride.

Abstract: A stable mouth wash or dentifrice composition containing stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates is disclosed for reducing the motility of and killing microbial pathogens. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-0.5% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range (6.0 to 7.4) typically found in a mouth.

Abstract: Non-cariogenic sugar composition comprising 2 to 10 ppm fluoride, and preferably 50 to 400 mg/100 g each of calcium ion and phosphate (calculated as P) and 5 to 50 mg/100 g magnesium. The composition is made by blending a composition deficient in fluoride ion with a composition superabundant in fluoride ion, preferably obtained by selection of a superabundant fluoride ion containing fraction of cane sugar containing molasses, such as raw cane sugar, molasses, affination syrup, dried solids of molasses or of affination syrup or a blend thereof with refined sugar, or by evaporation of a mineral water to obtain a concentrate.

Abstract: Ammonium and alkali metal zinc lactate complexes used in oral compositions such as gingival and subgingival irrigating solutions, dentifrices, mouthwashes, and the like as well as in other preparations for treating oral lesions.

Abstract: A fluorosis-free ingestible fluoride ion-containing composition comprising a mixture of pharmaceutically acceptable fluoride and monofluorophosphate in a weight ratio to provide not more than about fifty percent, and preferably not more than about twenty-five percent, of available fluoride ion from the fluoride and the balance from the monofluorophosphate. By "fluorosis-free" composition is meant one which, when ingested, minimizes or obviates the occurrence of fluorosis which is a common effect when fluoride is ingested. The composition may contain additional pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants, such as vitamins, coloring, flavoring, carriers, stabilizers, preservatives, medicants and the like, and may be in the form of a powder, tablet, capsule, pill or a liquid in a suitable ingestible carrier. Preferred compounds are alkali metal, ammonium and amine fluorides and monofluorophosphates. Most preferred compounds are sodium fluoride (NaF) and sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP), whose formula is Na.sub.2 FPO.

Abstract: Previous mouthwashes and dentifrices containing fluoride contributed relatively modest amounts of additional fluoride to the tooth surfaces, and scavenged calcium from the teeth. The present invention can deposit significantly more fluoride in the mouth than previously used formulations containing comparable amounts of fluoride, without scavenging calcium from the teeth. The invention includes a method of fluoridating teeth comprising (1) mixing in an aqueous environment a first component comprising a stable, non-toxic soluble calcium salt with a second component comprising a stable, non-toxic readily hydrolyzable complex fluoride compound, resulting in hydrolysis of the fluoride compound and precipitation of calcium fluoride, followed by (2) prompt application of the mixture to tooth surfaces. The invention also contemplates mouth rinses, denifrices, gels or pastes, and chewable tablets for application of the above-described compositions.

Abstract: A colloidal solution comprises a fluoride(s) being difficultly soluble in water comprises colloidal particles of the fluoride having a particle size of 0.005 to 1 micron, said fluoride having a fluoride ion concentration of 1 to 10,000 ppm in the state of saturation.

Abstract: A method and composition for treating diseases having a viral etiology is provided. The method comprises administering either locally or systemically an antiviral effective, non-toxic amount of stannous fluoride. An isotonic, sterile injectable preparation of stannous fluoride for systemic administration is also disclosed.

Abstract: Alkali metal zinc gluconate complexes used in oral compositions such as gingival and subgingival irrigating solutions, dentifrices, mouthwashes, and the like as well as in other preparations for treating oral lesions.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for remineralizing demineralized portions of teeth by treatment with a non-astringent composition containing about 10-20% xylitol, and at least one fluoride ion-providing compound in a total amount sufficient to provide about 150 ppm to about 1800 ppm of fluoride ions, with sodium fluoride providing a predominant proportion of such fluoride ions.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for increasing bone mass and preventing loss of bone mass is provided, comprising a fluoride source and a mitogenic hydantoin in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in which the fluoride source provides a molar ratio of fluoride ion to hydantoin in the composition of from about 0.1:1 to about 100:1. The combination is administered to a vertebrate, typically in the form of an orally administratable tablet or capsule.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition and a method for preparing the same which composition inhibits or destroys unicellular living organisms. The composition is effective as a spermicide and also in combating sexually transmitted diseases and as an antiseptic agent. The composition of the invention comprises lithium and ionic or ionizable fluorine, for example, lithium fluoride. A suitable excipient such as KATHON may also be present. The invention may, for example, comprise lithium fluoride and a spermicidal agent, such as a quaternary ammonium compound, for example, benzalkonium chloride.

Abstract: A colloidal solution comprises a fluoride(s) being difficultiy soluble in water comprises colloidal particles of the fluoride having a particle size of 0.005 to 1 micron, said fluoride having a fluoride ion concentration of 1 to 10,000 ppm in the state of saturation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for inhibiting or destroying unicellular living organisms of a human or animal. The method comprises contacting the unicellular living organisms with the composition which comprises at least one quaternary ammonium salt and which may further comprises a metal fluoride for example, lithium fluoride. A preservative, such as Kathon (Registered Trademark) may also be present in the composition. The method is useful in inhibiting or destroying unicellular living organisms such as viruses or retroviruses, fungi, bacteria, or organisms which cause sexually transmittable diseases. The method may also be used to inhibit or destroy spermatozoa, or inhibit pathogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: Stannous fluoride containing toothpaste compositions including an alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride or acid copolymer as a stabilizing agent for stannous fluoride and methods for preparing such stabilized compositions.

Abstract: A composition suitable for topical application to mammalian skin or hair for inducing, maintaining or increasing hair growth comprises:(i) a first chemical inhibitor chosen from proteoglycanase inhibitors, glycosaminoglycanase inhibitors, glycosaminoglycan chain cellular uptake inhibitors or mixtures thereof; and(ii) a cosmetically acceptable vehicle for the chemical inhibitor;provided that when the first chemical inhibitor is a weak inhibitor, such that a 1 mM aqueous solution of the inhibitor reduces proteoglycanase activity, glycosaminoglycanase activity or cellular uptake of glycosaminoglycan chains, by from 5 to 50%, in accordance with at least one of the assay tests as herein described, then there is also present in the composition a second chemical inhibitor and/or an activity enhancer. When minoxidil is the sole chemical inhibitor, then the activity enhancer is a penetration enhancer chosen from a limited number of materials, including certain esters and cationic polymers.

Abstract: A method by which a mucoprotectant gelatin which forms a protective coating on the mucous membranes of the mouth is provided for use with active ingredients for treating the teeth. The active ingredient may be an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution or fluoride. When hydrogen peroxide is used as a bleaching agent the mucoprotectant prevents the caustic bleaching agent from damaging the gums. The bleaching agent and the mucoprotectant are stored in separate containers and are custom mixed by a supervising dentist and given to the patient in a dispenser so that the resulting slurry may be used in a personalized vacuformed mouthpiece. The treatment may last from several minutes to several hours.

Abstract: Aqueous stannous fluoride containing moutwash compositions including an alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride or acid copolymer as a stabilizing agent for stannous flouride and methods for preparing such stabilized compositions.

Abstract: Stannous fluoride containing aqueous, non-abrasive home treatment gel compositions including an alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride or acid copolymer as a stabilizing agent for stannous fluoride and methods for preparing such stabilized compositions.

Abstract: Stannous fluoride containing aqueous, non-abrasive home treatment gel compositions including an alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride or acid copolymer as a stabilizing agent for stannous fluoride and methods for preparing such stabilized compositions.

Abstract: An ammonium or alkali metal zinc tartrate used in oral compositions such as mouthwashes, gingival and subgingival irrigating solutions, dentifrices, and the like as well as in other preparations for treating oral lesions.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and aqueous composition for hardening and strengthening the keratinized appendages of mammals, and the nail keratin of humans, in particular. The aqueous keratin hardening and strengthening composition includes an effective amount of fluoride ion. The topical application of the fluoride ion is effected from an aqueous cosmetic vehicle capable of maintaining moist contact with the keratin for a sufficient period of time in the method practiced. Auxiliary keratin-strengthening agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: The inventive composition comprises an active ingredient, for example a quaternary ammonium compound, which active ingredient is capable of inhibiting or destroying a unicellular living organism, such as spermatazoa, bacteria or virus. The active ingredient is combined in a synergistic amount with an activating ingredient capable of inhibiting or destroying the enzymes associated with the unicellular organism. The activating ingredient may be capable of releasing fluoride ions, for example, an inorganic fluoride compound. The composition according to the invention is useful, for example, as a spermicide, or as an antibiotic, or as an anti-STD preparation for local or topical application.