Abstract: The invention provides methods for suppressing the degradation of wood, wood products, and wooden structures due to infestation by wood-boring organisms, by use of a polyurea composition. The invention also provides for wood, wood products, and wood structures that are resistant to degradation due to borer infestation by use of a polyurea composition.

Abstract: Methods and formulations for anti-fouling compounds are disclosed. Embodiments of the invention provide antifouling coatings compounds and methods that have significantly reduced ecological impact compared with prior art formulations. For one embodiment of the invention a coating does not contain copper or other compounds highly toxic to marine life. For one embodiment of the invention, components are used that are irritants to the organisms that typically attach themselves to marine surfaces. For one embodiment of the invention an anti-fouling coating includes an adhesion-reduction component that substantially reduces the ability of an organism to adhere to a coated surface.

Abstract: An underwater antifouling coating composition which contains a metal pyrithione compound and cuprous oxide as an active ingredient, and a compound represented by the general formula (II): (wherein M2 is H, Na, ½Zn or ½Cu) as a stabilizer has high storage stability over long.

Abstract: An antifouling coating including a polymer made by crosslinking a chitosan with a blocked polyisocyanate.

Abstract: Complexes of copper and/or zinc with hydrolyzed olefin/maleic anhydride copolymers were solubilized in ammoniacal solution providing preservative solutions that fully penetrate wood. With loss of the ammonia from the wood, the complexes were stably retained in the wood providing a long lasting preservative.

Abstract: A nano-scaled antifouling paint for boat is fabricated. A few hydrophobic nano-particles are added into the paint to obtain a nanostructure and a low surface energy. Thus, sea creatures are hard to adhere on the boat or are easily removed. Moreover, owing to a low wettability of the paint, a water drag is reduced when the boat sails, and so fuel is saved.

Abstract: An antifouling condensation curing organopolysiloxane composition is prepared by premixing a part or all of (A) a diorganopolysiloxane free of a reactive group with a part or all of (B) silica to form a premix, then mixing the premix with the remainder of (A) and (B), (C) a base diorganopolysiloxane, and (D) a silane. The composition has a good balance of low viscosity and high thixotropy, can be thickly coated in a single pass, and cures into a coating having rubber strength and surface smoothness and exhibiting satisfactory antifouling property over a long period of time.

Abstract: [Problems to be Solved] To provide a curable organopolysiloxane composition, wherein the composition can be laminated directly on the surface of an epoxy resin anticorrosive coating film and can form an antifouling coating film which has improved antifouling performance compared to the conventional art. [Means for Solving the Problems] A two-liquid type or three-liquid type curable organopolysiloxane composition, wherein the composition contains at least an organopolysiloxane having at least two condensation reactive groups in the molecule (a1), silica (a2), an organosilane and/or a partial hydrolyzate thereof (b1), wherein the organosilane has functional group(s) capable of undergoing condensation reaction with the condensation reactive groups of the above organopolysiloxane (a1), and at least one kind of tin compound selected from the group represented by a predefined general formula.

Abstract: Polyglycerol anti-microbial agents and compositions are provided. The agents are effective against a variety of pathogens including fungi, Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria yet are expected to have low human toxicity due in part to their polymeric nature. Applications for the polyglycerol anti-microbial agents and compositions include those involving human and plant contact, such as cosmetics, hair care products, textiles and plant protections, as well as in applications with much less human contact, such as plastics, coatings, wood, paper and other materials of construction.

Abstract: Complexes of copper and/or zinc with molybdate and/or tungstate were solubilized in ammonia or ammoniacal solution providing preservative solutions that fully penetrate wood. With loss of the ammonia from the wood, the complexes were stably retained in the wood providing a long lasting preservative.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifouling paint composition comprising a hydrolyzable copolymer (A) and an antifouling agent (B), wherein (A) is at least one kind of hydrolyzable copolymer selected from the group consisting of (a1) a copolymer containing a bond of metal salt, which is an acrylic polymer or a polyester resin, and has a side chain terminal group represented by the formula (I): —COO-M-O—COR1 [where M represents zinc or copper and R1 represents an organic group]; (a2) a copolymer containing a bond of metal salt composed of a component unit (a21) represented by the formula (II): CH2?C(R2)—COO-M-O—CO—C(R2)?CH2 [where M is the same as above and R2 represents H or CH3] and the other unsaturated monomer component unit (a22) which is copolymerizable with the monomer (II); and (a3) a silyl ester based copolymer composed of a component unit (a31) represented by the general formula (III): R7—CH?C(R3)—COO—SiR4R5R6 [where R3 is the same as R2, R4 to R6 represents a hydrocarbon group, R7 represents H or

Abstract: The present invention holds forth improvements in the field of herbicide synthesis, their application, and methods of plant and weed control and antifouling. The present invention includes the synthesis of new acrylate and methacrylate derivatives of a glyphosate. Two isomers resulting from a hindered rotation around the amide CN bond are observed for both acrylic and methacrylic analogs and barriers for internal rotation are obtained. Biological activity tests indicate that functionalized glyphosates possess herbicidal activity similar to the parent compound.

Abstract: Complexes of ibuprofen and copper and/or zinc were solubilized in ammoniacal solution providing preservative solutions that fully penetrate wood. With loss of the ammonia from the wood, the complexes were stably retained in the wood providing a long lasting preservative.

Abstract: An alkoxylpropyl isothiazolinone of formula: C6H6Cl2NO2SR, in which R is CH3, CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH2OCH3 or CH2CH2OC6H5Cl. A method for preparing the isothiazolinone by reacting sodium polysulphide with methyl acrylate to obtain dimethyl dithiodipropionate, followed by aminolysis with alkoxyl propylamine to obtain N,N?-dialkoxylpropyldithio-dipropionamide, which is then reacted with sulfuric chloride. The alkoxylpropyl-isothiazolinone of the invention can be used for preparing marine antifouling paint coating as antifoulant, and also used as bactericide.

Abstract: A method of using substituted olefin polymers prepared by reacting one or more C2-C10 mono-olefin polymers having a number average molecular weight of about 300 to about 5,000 with C4-C10 monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid derivatives and compositions comprising the substituted olefin polymers for preventing fouling of hydrocarbon processing equipment, especially ethylene dichloride distillation units.

Abstract: Complexes of tropolone and copper and/or zinc were solubilized in ammoniacal solution providing preservative solutions that fully penetrate wood. With loss of the ammonia from the wood, the complexes were stably retained in the wood providing a long lasting preservative.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising (i) at least one resin powder and (ii) at least one component selected from the group consisting of a metal compound, biocide and fluoropolymers. In particular, one antifouling composition that can be used on underwater stationary structures that sit in highly fouling environments comprises polyethylene as a resin powder, and copper in the form of cuprous or cupric oxide.

Abstract: Super-low fouling sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine materials, super-low fouling surfaces and methods of making the surfaces coated with sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine materials, and devices having the super-low fouling surfaces.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising a polymer base incorporating antifouling compositions suitable for use in aquaculture, marine and architectural systems as paints, structures or coatings. In particular, the present invention relates to a polymer based coating incorporating a biocidal antifouling composition suitable for use with aquaculture equipment. The present invention provides polyethylene compositions and latex compounds which may comprise at least one environmentally benign phytochemicals suitable for use in preventing the colonization of a treated surface by a variety of biological species. The compositions of the invention may further comprise control release agents such as, for example, micro-encapsulation of the phytochemicals to maintain sustained and prolonged release of the biocidal agents at the treated surface.

Abstract: The invention provides surface treatments that reduce or eliminate marine biofouling of various surfaces. A surface that is to be subjected to a marine environment can be treated with a mPEG-DOPA. The treated surface is thus rendered less susceptible to fouling of the surface.

Abstract: The invention pertains to an antifouling coating composition including 20-100% by weight, calculated on the total amount of film-forming components, of a film-forming polymer (A) having an acrylic backbone bearing at least one terminal group of the formula: wherein X represents M is a metal of Group Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, VIa, VIb, VIIa, and VIII of the Periodic Table with a valency of 2 or more and a degree of ionisation less than that of the alkali metals metal; n is an integer of 1 to 2; R represents an organic residue selected from and R1 is a monovalent organic residue, and 80-0% by weight, calculated of polymer (B) a copper-based biocide for aquatic organisms wherein the antifouling coating composition is substantially free of any biocidal zinc compounds and substantially free of rosin, and in that the copper-based biocide has a metallic copper content below 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the copper-based biocide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to blends of encapsulated biocides with free biocides. In particular, the present invention relates to blends of encapsulated 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone (“DCOIT”) with free biocides. The invention also relates to marine antifouling coatings and paints incorporating free biocides and encapsulated DCOIT, and using the free biocides and encapsulated DCOIT in marine antifouling coatings and paints.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for transport or release of therapeutic and diagnostic agents or metabolites or other analytes from cells, compartments within cells, or through cell layers or barriers are described. The compositions include a membrane barrier transport enhancing agent and are usually administered in combination with an enhancer and/or exposure to stimuli to effect disruption or altered permeability, transport or release. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions include compounds which disrupt endosomal membranes in response to the low pH in the endosomes but which are relatively inactive toward cell membranes, coupled directly or indirectly to a therapeutic or diagnostic agent. Other disruptive agents can also be used, responsive to stimuli and/or enhancers other than pH, such as light, electrical stimuli, electromagnetic stimuli, ultrasound, temperature, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are marine coating compositions that are useful to inhibit the fouling of a marine structure by a broad spectrum of organisms. Generally, the marine coating composition comprises an antifouling agent and an organic vehicle.

Abstract: An aerosol paint composition includes an alkyd resin; one or more solvents; an organoclay; an anti-settling wax; a dispersing agent; one or more pigments; a drying agent; an anti-skinning agent; a fragrance; and a fungicide.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a combination of selected substances in paint to prevent the settlement and growth of different biofouling organisms with a reduced negative effect on the ecosystems compared to present methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining a non-toxic coating suitable for preventing attachment of fouling organisms on marine structures which involves applying onto a substrate a coating composition and curing the coating composition to yield a water-insoluble hydrophilic coating wherein the coating composition includes at least one cellulose ester and at least one organic solvent which possesses a sufficiently slow evaporation rate in order to yield a coating which is substantially smooth and non-porous. The invention also pertains to the reaction of the cellulose esters in the coating compositions with crosslinkers to provide improved toughness for coatings on substrates that are submerged in water. The invention also relates to the application of the coating composition to a substrate to be subjected to a marine environment. In a further aspect, the coating composition is applied as a clearcoat to a previously coated substrate.

Abstract: Germicidal compositions with enhanced activity towards killing microbiological spores and vetgetative cells comprising certain quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), phenolic compounds, monohydric alcohols, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, triclocarban, triclosan or combinations thereof with one or more spore coat opening agents. The invention also provides for the application of the germicidal compositions to animate and inanimate surfaces to help kill germs and protect against the risk of infection from bacteria, molds, yeasts, fungi, viruses, and microbiological spores.

Abstract: There is disclosed an antimicrobial composition that may be used in the treatment of diseases and conditions associated with farm animals and livestock. The composition may also be utilized as an inhibitor of microbial growth on crops, plants or foodstuffs, such as grains and the like. The composition comprises an antimicrobially effective amount of clove bud oil, eucalyptus oil, lavender oil, tea tree and orange oil but may be diluted with water prior to application.

Abstract: An antibacterial composition is provided which comprises a base, an antibacterial agent consisting of a silver-supporting inorganic compound and a water-soluble salt of a nitrogen atom-containing 6-membered heterocyclic compound. In the antibacterial composition, the silver component susceptible to discoloration is effectively stabilized by the use of the water-soluble salt of a nitrogen atom-containing 6-membered heterocyclic compound and therefore, the antibacterial composition never or hardly undergoes any discoloration with the lapse of time.

Abstract: A novel antifouling paint composition is disclosed. The antifouling paint composition comprises a resin of 5 to 20 wt %, a solvent of 3 to 30 wt %; a polyhexamethyleneguanidine salt of the following chemical formula 1 of 0.05 to 20 wt %, a pigment of 1 to 50 wt %; and cuprous oxide of 22 to 75 wt % and/or zinc pyrithione of the following chemical formula 2 of 0.05 to 20 wt %; wherein in chemical formula 1, X can be the same or different, and at least one of X is an inorganic acid salt or an organic acid salt; R1 can be the same or different, and is a linear or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a chlorophenyl group, a bromophenyl group, an iodophenyl group, a benzyl group, a chlorobenzyl group, a bromobenzyl group, a iodobenzyl group, a phenethyl group, a naphthyl group or a hydrogen; and n is an integer of 1 or more.

Abstract: An anti-fouling agent derived by culturing Vibrio alginolyticus in a suitable aqueous solution as well as a newly isolated strain of V. alginolyticus (DSM 15590) for producing the anti-fouting agent. The anti-fouling agent can be used as a component to produce other anti-fouling compositions, Depending on the use, the anti-fouling agent derived from V. alginolyricus may be use directly, or subject to further purification.

Abstract: Antimicrobial compositions based on haloalkynyl active ingredients that are chemically stable in the presence of chelated metal ion are disclosed. Particularly preferred is the use of metal ion chelating agents based on selected amine compounds that provide the metal ion in a form sufficient to provide stability to other antimicrobial components in the aqueous composition, but without concurrently degrading the antimicrobial effectiveness of the haloalkynyl active ingredient.

Abstract: One or more agricultural active ingredients (such as fungicides or insecticides) are entrapped in polymeric matrixes to form particles having a diameter in the range from about 0.2 to about 200 microns. The particles are applied to soil, to seeds, or to plants and release the active ingredient(s) at a rate sufficiently low to avoid phytoxicity but at a rate sufficiently high to provide effective amounts of the active ingredient(s), preferably throughout the growing period of the plant.

Abstract: A ship bottom paint additive to prevent or reduce marine life attachment to the bottoms of ships, and ship bottom paint comprises a mixture of coal ash and diatom earth or beer yeast diatom earth wherein the coal ash is preferably fly ash and the diatom earth or beer yeast diatom earth is preferably a dry powder. The additive is a mixture may have a weight ratio within the range of about 3:1 to 7:1, and may be comprised of about 2.25–10% by weight coal ash and about 0.375–5% by weight diatom earth or beer yeast diatom earth.

Abstract: Concentrates of various classical biocides in a polyester carrier resin when incorporated into a substrate resin, preferably a polyolefin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, provide the substrate polymer which biocidal activity with superior resistance to discoloration (yellowing) than when the biocide is directly incorporated into the substrate polymer as a powder at the same total concentration.

Abstract: A non-aqueous, single phase, non-thickened liquid air freshener or insecticidal composition having a flashpoint of greater than about 62° C. is provided. The composition contains: a) a polar solvent; b) up to about 10 wt % of a non-polar aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent; and c) a fragrance or an insecticide. The composition may be dispensed from a device having a chamber with at least one wall made of a material which enables a vapor of the composition to diffuse out of the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a wood preserving composition which is free of poly-aspartic acid and its derivatives and comprises mixtures of a metal compound, complexing agents selected from ethanolamines, polyethylenimine, ammonia or a mixture of these compounds, and a vinyl based polymer selected from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(acrylamide) (PA), poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM). The resulting metal amine solution can then be used to formulate a variety of metal-based cellulosic material preserving products.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a compound of formula (II) wherein R1 and R2 are independently H, alkyl, alkoxy, oxoalkyl, alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl whether unsubstituted or substituted, optionally interrupted by one or more hetero atoms, straight chain or branched chain, hydrophilic, hydrophobic or fluorophilic; R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently or all hydrogen or halogen; provided that at least two of the R3, R4, R5 and R6 are halogens.

Abstract: A wood treatment composition for the preservation of wood comprises a mixture of creosote and a polymer which is miscible with the creosote at about 200° F. and does not substantially phase-separate when the wood treatment composition is under ambient conditions. The polymer may include, but is not limited to, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene methyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene methacrylic acid copolymers, ethylene methyl methacrylic acid copolymers, ethylene styrene interpolymers, styrene acrylic acid copolymers, styrene methacrylic acid copolymers, styrene methyl acrylate copolymers, styrene butadiene styrene block copolymers, styrene ethylene butylene styrene block copolymers, or a blend thereof. Preferably, the creosote is present in an amount of at least 50 percent by weight of the composition. Such compositions can be used to treat wood surfaces to prolong the service life of the wood.

Abstract: Wide spectrum disinfecting and antiseptic composition for use in the fields of human medicine, veterinary science and industry, characterized because it includes: Hydrogen peroxide, lactic acid and halogen salts (Br, I) and/or salts of heavy metals (for example, silver halides) with surfactant agents, either cationic, like chlorhexidine and/or quaternary ammonium salts, like didecyl-methyl-polyoxy-ethyl-ammonium propionate, chlorides of ammonium or compounds of ammonium propylamide or anionic, like lauryl sulphate, dodecyl sulphate or alkyl succinic salts, with suitable excipients, some of which may be ethyl or isopropyl alcohol, chlorhexidine, non-chlorinated quaternary ammonium salts, like didecyl-methyl-polyoxy-ethyl-ammonium propionate, combined or not with iodine, and/or its salts, together with excipients, some of which may be ethyl or isopropyl alcohol.

Abstract: A method and device are disclosed which prevents the decay and deterioration of wooden objects caused by pests by using a controlled release device. This controlled release device utilizes polymers which incorporate pesticides. In the disclosed method, the controlled release device is placed in contact with the wood of the wooden object. The pesticide is gradually released from the device and absorbed into the wood structure. The pesticide absorbed by the wood creates a barrier or an exclusion zone to penetration by inserts. The controlled release device maintains a minimal effective level of pesticide in the barrier or exclusion zone for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a wood preserving composition which comprises mixtures of a metal compound, complexing agents selected from ethanolamines, polyethylenimine, ammonia or a mixture of these compounds, and a vinyl based polymer selected from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(acrylamide) (PA), poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM). The resulting metal amine solution can then be used to formulate a variety of metal-based cellulosic material preserving products.

Abstract: An anti-fouling agent derived by culturing Vibrio alginolyticus in an aqueous solution suitable for growth thereof is described. The anti-fouling agent is produced and secreted by Vibrio alginolyticus, which can then be used as a component to produce other anti-fouling compositions. Depending on the use, the anti-fouling agent derived from V. alginolyticus may be used directly, or subject to further purification. A newly isolated strain of V. alginolyticus (DSM 15590) is also disclosed.

Abstract: A (poly)oxyalkylene block silyl ester copolymer comprising silyl ester copolymer block units (A) and block units (B), the block units (a) comprising (a) component units derived from a polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid silyl ester, and (b) polymerizable unsaturated monomer units other than the component units (a), the block units (B) derived from particular mercapto compounds, and an antifouling paint comprising the (poly)oxyalkylene block silyl ester copolymer. The copolymer enables the formation of an antifouling coating film which exhibits less cracking tendency, excellent adherence, less peeling tendency and controlled hydrolysis rate resulting in excellent antifouling performance and properties.

Abstract: Shipworms are important destroyers of wood in the marine environment. Wood users have long sought methods for preventing or limiting their attack. The invention is directed to compositions and methods for preventing or limiting cellulolytic degradation by inhibiting cellulolytic organisms, in particular symbiont organisms. The invention discloses methods and compositions to inhibit the growth of a shipworm symbiont responsible for wood degradation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new active oxygen generating material and a manufacturing method thereof. The present invention relates to an active oxygen generating agent containing polyaniline compounded or mixed with calcium phosphate that is made by forming a porous calcium phosphate coating on at least part of the surface of polyaniline particles; to a method for manufacturing an active oxygen generating agent component wherein calcium phosphate is precipitated onto the surface of polyaniline by immersing the polyaniline in a pseudo-fluid comprising calcium ions and phosphate ions; to a method for generating active oxygen by bringing a liquid that contains dissolved oxygen in contact with the above-mentioned active oxygen generating agent; and a composition for an environmental clarification.

Abstract: Broadly defined sol-gel films for the coating of solid substrates, wherein such sol-gel films provide effective and durable antimicrobial properties. The utilization of such films permits relatively low-temperature production of antimicrobial substrates, such as ceramics, metals (e.g., stainless steel, brass, and the like), plastics (e.g., polyimides, polyamides, polyacrylics, and the like), glass (e.g., borosilicates, and the like), as compared with typical glazes for ceramics and the like. The inventive films comprise, as the primary antimicrobial active ingredients, certain metal-containing inorganic or organic antimicrobial compounds, such as, preferably, metal-containing ion-exchange, oxide, glass, sulfadiazine, and/or zeolite compounds (most preferably, including silver therein as the metal component).

Abstract: A method of treating or preventing oral fungal infection includes applying a polymerizable monomer adhesive composition to an area afflicted with or susceptible to oral fungal infection, optionally with at least one of an additional anti-fungal agent, and allowing the polymerizable monomer composition to polymerize to form a polymer film over the area.

Abstract: An antifouling coating