Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing microbial entities are described herein. The pharmaceutical compositions may optionally contain or be used in conjunction with one or more prebiotics. Uses of the pharmaceutical compositions to treat or prevent disorders of the local or systemic microbiome in a subject are also provided.

Abstract: A method comprising topically applying to facial skin a composition comprising an aqueous, alcoholic, or aqueous-alcoholic extract from Nymphoides peltatum.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods for treating, ameliorating and preventing various infections, disorders and conditions in mammals, including genetically-predisposed and chronic disorders, where a microbial or bacterial flora is at least one causative or symptom-producing factor, where exemplary compositions are products of manufacture, a food, a drink, a nutraceutical, a dietary supplement, a formulation, a pharmaceutical or a pharmaceutical preparation comprising at least one or several of a plurality of isolated, or substantially purified bacteriophages or prophages, or bacteriophage subunits, a milk, a milk product, milk lipid, milk fat globule (MFG) macromolecule, a milk mucin, a milk glycolipid, a milk free glycan, a milk mucin-like glycoprotein, a milk protein, a milk sugar or lactose, a milk fat or butterfat, a milk vitamin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising at least three human milk oligosaccharides, for use to increase butyrate production in the digestive tract in an infant or a young child. The production increases with the HMOs blend complexity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bacterial composition which can be effectively used in the field of sport nutrition, since it is capable of attenuating the decline in sport performance in a subject after a muscle-damaging exercise.

Abstract: The invention relates to immunogenic compositions comprising a capsular polysaccharide (CP) from Streptococcus agalactiae, commonly referred to as group B Streptococcus (GBS), conjugated to a carrier protein, and optionally including an aluminum-based adjuvant. The invention further relates to methods for inducing an immune response in subjects against GBS and/or for reducing or preventing invasive GBS disease in subjects using the compositions disclosed herein. The resulting antibodies can be used to treat or prevent GBS infection via passive immunotherapy.

Abstract: Microencapsulated probiotic bacteria protected from degradation by acidic aqueous solutions, high bile salt concentrations, elevated temperatures, and prolonged storage and having an increased anti-bacterial activity as compared to their non-microencapsulated counterparts. The microencapsulated probiotic bacteria comprise probiotic bacteria encapsulated in microcapsules. The probiotic bacteria comprise live Lactobacillus plantarum cells. Each of the microcapsules comprises a matrix of a gelled alginate. The matrix wholly envelops the probiotic bacteria within the matrix. An outer surface of the matrix has a coating consisting essentially of one vegetable oil selected from the group consisting of olive oil and canola oil, or an outer surface of the matrix is treated with sodium chloride. The microencapsulated probiotic bacteria have an average particle size of less than 1000 microns (?m) in diameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing 2?-O-fucosyllactose, the 2?-O-fucosyllactose obtainable by this method and the use thereof. The method comprises reacting the persilylated, protected fucose derivatives of the formula (I) below, with at least one tri(C1-C6-alkyl)silyl iodide and subsequently reacting the product thus obtained with the compound of the general formula (II), in the presence of a base. In the formulae (I) and (II), the variables are each defined as follows: RSi are the same or different and are a residue of the formula SiRaRbRc; R1 is a C(?O)—R11 residue or an SiR12R13R14 residue, R2 are the same or different and are C1-C8-alkyl or together form a linear C3-C6-alkanediyl, which is unsubstituted or has 1 to 6 methyl groups as substituents; R3 are the same or different and are C1-C8-alkyl or together form a linear C1-C4-alkanediyl, which is unsubstituted or has 1 to 6 methyl groups as substituents.

Abstract: A novel agent useful for improving brain function is provided. The active ingredient in this agent is a Bifidobacterium breve and/or a Bifidobacterium breve-containing cultured material is provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods related to use of oligosaccharides, such as 2?-fucosyllactose, for increasing weight gain in a subject. In some aspects the compositions and methods are for use in infants, such as premature infants or infants having intestinal failure.

Abstract: The invention relates to immunogenic compositions comprising a capsular polysaccharide (CP) from Streptococcus agalactiae, commonly referred to as group B streptococcus (GBS), conjugated to a carrier protein, and optionally including an aluminum-based adjuvant. The invention further relates to methods for inducing an immune response in subjects against GBS and/or for reducing or preventing invasive GBS disease in subjects using the compositions disclosed herein. The resulting antibodies can be used to treat or prevent GBS infection via passive immunotherapy.

Abstract: A method for treating a person's skin is disclosed. The method includes topically applying to the skin a composition comprising from 0.001% to 20% by weight of an aqueous, alcoholic, or aqueous-alcoholic extract from Tetracentron sinense, wherein the extract from Tetracentron sinense reduces oxidation in the skin or reduces MMP-1 activity in the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for use in the treatment and/or prevention of a gastrointestinal condition, comprising at least one Lactobacillus strain, wherein the Lactobacillus strain is chosen from the group consisting of one L. salivarius strain, three L. plantarum strains and one L. brevis strain, wherein the L. salivarius strain is L. salivarius CW30 (LMG P-28887), wherein the L. plantarum strains are L. plantarum Y1An734 (LMG P-28886), L. plantarum SH1313 (LMG P-28884), and L. plantarum KS1 1 (LMG P-28885), and wherein the L. brevis strain is L. brevis SH1 1 1 (LMG P-28888). The present invention also relates to an enema comprising a composition according to the present invention. The present invention also relates to an isolated strain chosen from the group L. salivarius CW30 (LMG P-28887), L. plantarum Y1An734 (LMG P-28886), L. plantarum SH1313 (LMG P-28884), L. plantarum KS11 (LMG P-28885) and L. brevis SH111 (LMG P-28888).

Abstract: A pharmaceutical preparation for prophylaxis against and treatment of Staphylococcus induced infections or condi-tions in humans and animals, is disclosed, wherein it comprises a combination of a) one or more viable ?-Streptococcus strains chosen from the group consisting of the Streptococcus sanguis JI strains having the accession numbers NCTMB 40104, NCTMB 40105, NCIMB 40106, and NCIMB 40873, the Streptococcus mitis strains having the accession numbers NCIMB 40107, and NCIMB 40874, the Streptococcus oralis strains having the accession numbers NCIMB 40875 and NCIMB 40876, the Streptococcus lactis strain LIA having the accession number NCIMB 40157, and one or more variants thereof having the same or essentially similar effect; and b) one or more viable Lactobacillus strains chosen from the group consisting of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain LB2 I having the accession number NCIMB 40564, the Lactobacillus plantamm strain LB3 having the accession number DSM 17852, and the Lactobacillus plantarwn strain LB7 h

Abstract: Disclosed are: a lactic acid bacterium belonging to Lactobacillus kunkeei, the bacterium having a higher IgA production inducing activity than that of Lactobacillus strain GG (ATCC53103), and a lower mitogenic activity and a lower IL-2 production inducing activity than those of Listeria strain EGD; and a food composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic composition, an immunostimulant for preventing the infection by pathogens or viruses that invade through the respiratory or esophageal mucosa, and an intestinal immunostimulant for preventing or alleviating food poisoning, each of which contains the lactic acid bacterium or treated cells of the lactic acid bacterium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a food supplement comprising or consisting of Archaebacteria, and particularly methanogenic Archaebacteria, to be used as a probiotic adjunct for animal feed. The supplement can be provided to e.g. farmed animals in addition to standard feed or as a food composition. Such a supplement is particularly useful in aquaculture and proves able in increasing animal growth rates, reducing animal susceptibility to parasitic infections and/or ameliorating animal faecal waste impact on environment. Also encompassed by the present invention are methods of manufacturing a composition comprising the bioactive food supplement as well as uses thereof.

Abstract: The composition according to the present invention, which comprises Lactococcus chungangensis as an active ingredient, has excellent effects of preventing or treating inflammatory diseases, inhibiting the secretion of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, which are major inflammatory factors, and inhibiting the secretion of ?-hexosaminidase and histamine, which are major factors related to allergies, and also significantly suppressing the production of skin disease-related cytokines and chemokines. Such effects are at the same level as those of conventional skin disease therapeutic agents (tacrolimus), and thus the composition can be used as a preventive or therapeutic agent against inflammatory diseases. In addition, the composition according to the present invention exhibits an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, which is a microorganism inducing a secondary infection of atopic dermatitis and the like, and thus can be used in preventing or treating a bacterial infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising Bifidobacterium bacteria for use for reducing intestinal gas production in an individual.

Abstract: The present invention teaches compositions, methods and kits for treating skin conditions, including dandruff. In various embodiments, the compositions include an effective amount of one or more probiotic microorganism of vaginal origin and/or a fraction thereof and/or a component of the metabolome for preventing and/or treating skin disorders of the scalp.

Abstract: A composition for the treatment of acne is provided. The composition includes fermentation products of leuconostoc bacterium. A method for the treatment of acne using the composition is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention aims to present methods to detect nonalcoholic fatty liver disease including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by using a protein or its partial peptide that differs in presence or absence, or in quantity between healthy human subjects and patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or between patients with fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and further aims to present biomarkers comprising said protein and said partial peptide to be used to detect nonalcoholic fatty liver disease including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Specifically, 35 kDa protein fragment consisting of amino acid sequence expressed by Sequence No. 2 and its partial peptide consisting of amino acid sequence expressed by Sequence No. 3 (including its glycated form) of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 precursor consisting of amino acid sequence expressed by Sequence No.

Abstract: Provided are process of regulating expression of one or more genes or proteins involved in circadian rhythm. A subject such as a cell is administered or contacted to an extract of rosemary, an extract of hemerocallis fulva, or combinations thereof, optionally provided as a component of a dietary supplement. The presence of one or more active agents in the extracts administered at a targeted administration time alters the expression of one or more genes or proteins involved in circadian rhythm, illustratively CLOCK, BMAL1, FBXL3, FBXL21, or SIRT1.

Abstract: Microencapsulated probiotic bacteria protected from degradation by acidic aqueous solutions, high bile salt concentrations, elevated temperatures, and prolonged storage and having an increased anti-bacterial activity as compared to their non-microencapsulated counterparts. The microencapsulated probiotic bacteria comprise probiotic bacteria encapsulated in microcapsules. The probiotic bacteria comprise live Lactobacillus plantarum cells. Each of the microcapsules comprises a matrix of a gelled alginate. The matrix wholly envelops the probiotic bacteria within the matrix. An outer surface of the matrix has a coating consisting essentially of one vegetable oil selected from the group consisting of olive oil and canola oil, or an outer surface of the matrix is treated with sodium chloride. The microencapsulated probiotic bacteria have an average particle size of less than 1000 microns (?m) in diameter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for obtaining a composition from a plant extract, to assist in the treatment or prevention of disorders or diseases related to neovascularisation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new function of a small molecule metabolite glutamine. The small molecule can improve sensitivity of bacteria including antibiotic-resistant bacteria to antibiotics. Also disclosed is an application of glutamine in combination with glucose in improving sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel therapeutic antimicrobial peptides that are bactericides and have an inhibitory effect on biofilms produced by biofilm-forming bacteria and especially biofilm-forming Staphyloccocal bacteria. The invention includes the nucleic acids encoding the polypeptides, methods of treating bacterial infections, medical devices or implants or prosthetics impregnated with, covered or coated in the polypeptides, and means of delivery of the peptide to the oral cavity.

Abstract: Present invention features a novel use of Lactobacillus for treating type 2 diabetes, wherein the Lactobacillus is Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-89 with the deposition numbers of BCRC 910340 and CCTCC M 207154 and comprises of live, dead bacteria or supernatant of the bacterial culture(s) and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. The invention also discloses the efficacies of the indicated Lactobacillus strain including anti-oxidative enzyme activity, anti-inflammation, reduction of blood glucose level, reduction of triglycerides, reduction of total cholesterol, reduction of LDL, increase of HDL and improve insulin utilization.

Abstract: A method of treating a patient to reduce risk of developing Clostridium difficile-associated disease or reducing existing Clostridium difficile-associated disease in a mammalian subject involves administering to a mammalian subject an effective amount of a germination-inhibiting compound derived from taurocholate. Novel compounds of this class are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a triple vital bacteria composition, including: powder of Bifidobacterium longum, powder of Lactobacillus acidophilus, and powder of Streptococcus faecalis. The present invention further provides a method for preparing the above triple vital bacteria composition, as well as the protection agents, the fermenting culture medium and the seed culture medium used therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition used for treating picornavirus infection comprising at least one of the following bacterial strains: Lactobacillus paracasei GMNL-33 with the deposition numbers of CCTCC M 206133, Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-89 with the deposition numbers of CCTCC M 207154 and Lactobacillus casei GMNL-277 with the deposition numbers of CCTCC M 2013197, and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. The Lactobacillus casei GMNL-277 of the invention is a novel Lactobacillus isolated strain. In addition, the present invention also features the novel use of the composition of the Lactobacillus strains for treating picornavirus infection, and the mechanism of which is inhibition of virus infection by binding of the probiotic bacteria to viruses.

Abstract: A probiotic organism which is capable of proliferation in iron-rich media, an environment which is generally unfavourable to probiotic organisms, is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of infant cereals. In particular, the present invention relates to the field of infant cereals that can be used to strengthen the immune system of the infant and/or that can be used to treat or prevent inflammatory disorders. For example these benefits can be provided by probiotic micro-organisms. An embodiment of the present invention relates to an infant cereal comprising non-replicating probiotic-micro-organisms, for example bioactive heat treated probiotic micro-organisms.

Abstract: An individual at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis and related disorders can be identified by measuring the level of at least one secretor antigen in a biological sample from the individual and comparing the measured level of the at least one secretor antigen to a predetermined value or a predetermined range of values. Among the secretor antigens which can be measured are: the H-1, H-2, Lewisb and Lewisy antigens and derivatives thereof (e.g., a sialylated form of Lewis a, Lewis x, Lewis b, Lewis y; H-1, H-2, Lewis a, Lewis x, Lewis b or Lewis y).

Abstract: The present invention regards use of a bacterial superantigen for administration onto the mucous membrane of a domestic non-human mammal for the prevention of inflammatory disorder, such as allergies, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Compositions are described which contain lactoferrin and angiogenin. The described compositions are useful in treatment of a variety of conditions, particularly in promoting bone health and relief of menopausal symptoms.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a solid glass matrix of polysaccharides, monossaccharides or disaccharides in combination with polyols as delivery vehicles for preservation and post gastric administration of a probiotic. The delivery vehicle is capable of releasing the probiotic at their site of action. The present invention further includes methods of making and using the solid glass matrix delivery vehicle of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of probiotic micro-organisms, in particular to the field of non-replicating probiotic micro-organisms. Embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions comprising probiotic micro-organisms that were rendered non-replicating by extrusion. Such compositions may be used to treat or prevent disorders that are related to a compromised immune system.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to medium chain dicarboxylic acids, their derivatives and their uses. In particular, the present invention relates to a composition comprising medium chain dicarboxylic acids and to the use of medium chain dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives for the preparation of products to treat or prevent metabolic disorders. The composition of the present invention can particularly well be used to treat or prevent hyperglycemia, for example diabetes.

Abstract: The invention provides recombinant Streptococcus mutans strains that can be used to improve oral health. An embodiment of the invention provides a method of reducing the incidence or severity of dental caries in a dental caries-susceptible host comprising administering orally to the host an isolated recombinant S. mutans strain of the invention in an amount effective for replacement of dental caries-causing S. mutans host strains in the oral cavity of the host. The isolated recombinant S. mutans strain 10 can be contained in a mouthwash, toothpaste, chewing gum, floss, chewable tablet, food, or beverage.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an oral cavity composition which is nontoxic, excellent in plaque control, can prevent or treat onset of caries and periodontal disease caused by oral pathogens as well as can prevent or eliminate bad breath. The invention provides an oral cavity composition containing a lactic acid bacterium, Streptococcus faecalis as an active ingredient, the oral cavity composition wherein the lactic acid bacterium, Streptococcus faecalis is Streptococcus faecalis WB2000 strain and the oral cavity composition which is a non-aqueous oral cavity composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a substrate capable of being evenly coated with a microbial biomass, wherein said biomass represents from 10% to 30% by dry matter of the total dry matter of the coated substrate. It also relates to a method for preparing said composition and to a starter fermentation activator and to a probiotic comprising said composition.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides that can be administered to individuals including preterm infants, infants, toddlers, children, and adults for preventing injury and/or improving the healing of the gastrointestinal tract. Additional suitable methods of using the nutritional compositions including the human milk oligosaccharides are also disclosed.

Abstract: Probiotic microorganisms are micro encapsulated by dispersing the probiotic microorganism in an aqueous suspension of a film forming protein and a carbohydrate; in an oil in water emulsion of a film forming protein and a carbohydrate and a fat; or in an oil which is subsequently dispersed in a film forming protein and a carbohydrate. The emulsion or suspension may be dried to form a powder. The probiotic may be dispersed in oil and then emulsified with the aqueous suspension and then dried to produce an encapsulated oil be dried to produce a powder. Oil suspended probiotics may be preferred where the probiotic is water sensitive. The preferred protein is casein or whey protein and the carbohydrate may be a resistant starch or a saccharide with a reducing sugar group. Where the probiotic is oxygen sensitive the protein carbohydrate is heated to create Maillard reaction products in the encapsulating film.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising one or more isolated LDH-deficient mutans streptococcus strains and one or more isolated S. oralis strains and/or one or more isolated S. uberis strains. Compositions of the invention are useful to maintain oral health, by for example treating and/or preventing one or more symptoms of dental caries, periodontitis and/or other oral cavity diseases or wounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel therapeutic antimicrobial peptides that are bactericides and have an inhibitory effect on biofilms produced by biofilm-forming bacteria and especially biofilm-forming staphyloccocal bacteria. The invention includes the nucleic acids encoding the polypeptides, methods of treating bacterial infections, medical devices or implants or prosthetics impregnated with, covered or coated in the polypeptides, and means of delivery of the peptide to the oral cavity.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anhydrous mixture of biologically active probiotic bacteria for topical administration and methods of making thereof. The mixture of the invention is used for hydrating the skin, reducing and preventing fine lines and wrinkles, treating acne and decreasing skin inflammation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for enhancing muscle protein synthesis following physical exertion. In a general embodiment, a method for enhancing muscle protein synthesis following physical exertion is provided and includes administering to an individual a composition comprising from about 15 to about 35 g protein immediately following concurrent training. Programs for enhancing muscle adaptation resulting from concurrent training are also provided. The programs include providing a composition comprising from about 15 to about 35 g protein; and providing guidelines for consumption including a recommendation of the amount of the composition to consume immediately following concurrent training.

Abstract: Nutritional products having improved cohesiveness of food boluses and methods of making and using same are provided. The nutritional products may include nutritional compositions and high molecular weight, water-soluble polymers such that the nutritional products have extensional viscosities that provide improved cohesiveness to the nutritional products and Trouton ratios of at least 6. Methods of administering such nutritional products to patients having impaired swallowing ability and/or dysphagia are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions including galactooligosaccharides that can be administered to individuals including preterm infants, infants, toddlers, children, and adults for preventing injury and/or improving the healing of the gastrointestinal tract. Additional suitable methods of using the nutritional compositions including the galactooligosaccharides are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to Streptococcus suis infection in pigs, vaccines directed against those infections and tests for diagnosing Streptococcus suis infections. The invention provides an isolated or recombinant nucleic acid encoding a capsular gene cluster of Streptococcus suis or a gene or gene fragment derivated thereof. The invention further provides a nucleic acid probe or primer allowing species or serotype-specific detection of Streptococcus suis. The invention also provides a Streptococcus suis antigen and vaccine derived thereof.