Abstract: This invention features an oral vaccine that includes a multiple-cell organism for use as food for an aquatic animal to be vaccinated, and a single-cell organism fed to, and as a result, bioencapsulated by, the multiple-cell organism. The single-cell organism has been transformed to express a recombinant antigen that induces an immune response in the aquatic animal and thereby vaccinates the aquatic animal (e.g., a fish or a shrimp).

Abstract: A composition is provided that includes a biologically active compound bound by a glycoprotein matrix. A method is also provided for the manufacture of a composition of the invention. The glycoprotein matrix can be formed by permitting the growth of glycoprotein producing bacteria in the presence of the active ingredient. The composition of the invention provides a method for increasing the stability and bioactivity of the active ingredient. A method is also provided for administering an active ingredient to a host by utilizing a composition of the invention.

Abstract: Provided is a process of and product resulting from adding a sub-lethal amount of a peroxide, or said peroxide in combination with sub-lethal ultra violet radiation, to a growing culture of a yeast; observing the change in absorbance of the culture at 256 nm as a measure of the injury occurring to the yeast cells, and upon reaching a predetermined absorbance value, purifying the water-soluble yeast extract from the peroxide containing yeast culture. The resulting product has at least 1.5 respiratory units per mg dry weight and has significantly increased amounts of 15, 25 and 55 kilo Daltons (kD) molecular weight products compared to a Live Yeast Cell Derivative as determined by SDS slab gel electrophoresis. This product can be combined with a cosmetically acceptable carrier to provide a composition suitable for topical application to the skin.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of at least a molecule containing selenium, in an amount corresponding to a daily dose of about 2 to 40 mg, even 80 mg of atomic selenium equivalent, on its own or combined with other synergetic molecules for controlling oxidative stress and excessive inflammatory reaction: zinc, vitamin E, vitamin C, iron binder, glutathione precursor, copper and/or copper input binder, for preparing a medicine for treating severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome, in particular any acute infectious condition endangering the patient's life whether of bacterial, parasitic, fungal or viral origin, and any condition corresponding to a severe onset of inflammatory pathology bringing about an exacerbation of cytokine secretion. The invention is applicable in human and veterinary medicine.

Abstract: A mixture of probiotics effective to reduce the contamination of enteric bacteria in humans and other monogastric animals. The mixture of probiotics includes one or more acid-producing bacteria strains and one or more yeast strains, and may advantageously be supplemented with a source of nutrients, such as prebiotics including fructo-oligosaccharides. In a preferred embodiment, said one or more bacteria strains contain Enterococcus faecium strain NCIMB #10415, and said one or more yeast strains contain NCYC #47 and CNCM I-1079.

Abstract: The present invention provides biological fertilizer compositions that comprise yeast cells and sludge. The yeast cells of the invention have an enhanced ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, decompose phosphorus minerals and compounds, decompose potassium minerals and compounds, decompose complex carbon compounds, overproduce growth factors, overproduce ATP, decompose undesirable chemicals, suppress growth of pathogenic microorganisms, or reduce undesirable odor. The biological fertilizer composition of the invention can replace mineral fertilizers in supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to crop plants. Methods of manufacturing biological fertilizer compositions, and methods of uses are also encompassed.

Abstract: The present invention is for compositions containing phaseolamin and a mineral, such as chromium or vanadium or both, where the mineral is bound by a glycoprotein matrix. The present invention is also directed to methods for controlling carbohydrate cravings, inducing weight loss, reducing insulin requirements in a diabetic, and inhibiting the absorption of dietary starch by administering a composition of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides biological fertilizer compositions that comprise yeast cells and cattle manure. The yeast cells of the invention have an enhanced ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, decompose phosphorus minerals and compounds, decompose potassium minerals and compounds, decompose complex carbon compounds, overproduce growth factors, overproduce ATP, decompose undesirable chemicals, suppress growth of pathogenic microorganisms, or reduce undesirable odor. The biological fertilizer composition of the invention can replace mineral fertilizers in supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to crop plants. Methods of manufacturing biological fertilizer compositions, and methods of uses are also encompassed.

Abstract: An artificial mammalian chromosome, more specifically, a clone containing a mammalian centromere sequence and a DNA replication origin with mammalian telomere sequences added to both ends of the clone, is provided by preparing a CEPH artificial yeast chromosome library containing a human genome, identifying clones having a repetitive human alphoid sequence from this library, and further preparing a yeast strain in which mammalian telomere sequences are added to the ends of its chromosome.

Abstract: Genetically modified strains of C. tropicalis, which will not revert to wild-type activity at the POX 4 and/or POX 5 locus, are disclosed. The strains are &bgr;-oxidation blocked and have been transformed through homologous recombination with a construct which deletes a portion of the POX 4 and/or POX 5 gene. The modified strains may be used to increase yields of dicarboxylic acids produced in host cells of the strains. Methods for blocking the &bgr;-oxidation pathway in a C. tropicalis host cell are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to health food, health drink, and health supplement. The invention relates to biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of animals. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions to produce a healthful benefit in a subject with immunodeficiency disorders or immunosuppression by promoting activation and proliferation of white blood cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for ducks. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of ducks. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for sheep. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of sheep. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The invention relates to biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of swines. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as swine feed additives.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a plurality of yeast cells, wherein said plurality of yeast cells are characterized by their ability to treat male hormone deficiency in a subject as a result of having been cultured in the presence of an alternating electric field having a specific frequency and a specific field strength. Also included are methods of making such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for chicken. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of chicken. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for cattle. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of cattle. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for cats. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of cats. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for dogs. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of dogs. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for shrimps in aquaculture. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of shrimps in culture. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for cloven-hooved animals. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of such animals such that the incidence of foot and mouth disease is reduced. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for prevention of E. coli infection in cattle. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of cattle such that the incidence of E. coli infection is reduced. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to feed additives for crustaceans in aquaculture, in particular crabs. The invention provides methods for making a biological compositions comprising yeast cells that can improve the immune functions of crustaceans in culture. The invention also relates to methods for manufacturing the biological compositions, and methods of using the biological compositions as feed additives.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed which comprise red rice fermentation products, that can be used as natural dietary supplements and/or medicaments for the treatment or prevention of hyperlipidemia and associated disorders and symptoms, such as cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, asthenic breathing, chronic headache, chest pain and tightness, limb swelling and distention, loss of appetite and excess expectoration. The methods and compositions are effective in lowering both the serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels in humans, and can be used for maintaining cardiovascular health. The invention also encompasses particular Monascus strains that yield fermentation products with the desired biological activities.

Abstract: Remedies for allergic diseases obtained by mixing shoots of plants belonging to the family Pinaceae with water and saccharides followed by spontaneous fermentation. As the plants belonging to the family Pinaceae, is preferable to use plants belonging to the genus Pinus. These remedies, which enable complete recovery in a short administration time without showing any side effects, are useful as remedies for allergic diseases, in particular, asthma and atopic dermatitis. Also, a yeast isolated from these remedies for allergic diseases is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to probiotic microbes, including but not limited to Lactobacillus species and Bifidobacteria species, and their compositions and methods of employing said compositions for treating and preventing intestinal and other infections which originate from the intestine, in newborn infants. The invention also invention relates to the ability of probiotic organisms, either in viable or nonviable state, or their by-products, to interfere with pathogenic infection through short and long term colonization of the intestine, inhibition of growth of the pathogens, and assisting the host to fight off the infecting organisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides biological fertilizer compositions that comprise yeast cells and swine manure. The yeast cells of the invention have an enhanced ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, decompose phosphorus minerals and compounds, decompose potassium minerals and compounds, decompose complex carbon compounds, overproduce growth factors, overproduce ATP, decompose undesirable chemicals, suppress growth of pathogenic microorganisms, or reduce undesirable odor. The biological fertilizer composition of the invention can replace mineral fertilizers in supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to crop plants. Methods of manufacturing biological fertilizer compositions, and methods of uses are also encompassed.

Abstract: The present invention provides biological fertilizer compositions that comprise yeast cells and poultry manure. The yeast cells of the invention have an enhanced ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, decompose phosphorus minerals and compounds, decompose potassium minerals and compounds, decompose complex carbon compounds, overproduce growth factors, overproduce ATP, decompose undesirable chemicals, suppress growth of pathogenic microorganisms, or reduce undesirable odor. The biological fertilizer composition of the invention can replace mineral fertilizers in supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to crop plants. Methods of manufacturing biological fertilizer compositions, and methods of uses are also encompassed.

Abstract: The present invention solves the need for non-toxic forms of selenium which is an essential part of the human diet. This invention provides novel dried-yeast products containing selenium as well as a method of producing the dried yeast products. The method uses selenium having high biological activity but low toxicity. The invention also provides nutritional supplements containing the novel selenium containing dried yeast products and methods of administering these products and supplements to improve human health. The invention also provides a practically non-toxic yeast selenium product having increased intracellular selenium concentrations and methods to reduce tumor cell growth by administration of a selenium yeast product in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. In particular, selenium yeast product of strain ATCC 74366.

Abstract: Four yeasts (NRRL Y-30213, NRRL Y-30214, NRRL Y-30215, and NRRL Y-30216) and 1 bacterium (NRRL B-30212) have been identified as being superior antagonists capable of suppressing Fusarium head blight (head scab) in cereals, particularly in wheat and barley. Fusarium head blight is primarily caused by the fungus Gibberella zeae (anamorph=Fusarium graminearum).

Abstract: A method of controlling various insect pests on a plant is disclosed which consists of attracting, augmenting or conserving natural enemies of the insect pests in order to produce a population of the natural enemies sufficient to control the insect pest by applying to the plant an effective amount of a brewer's yeast, S. cerevisiae YESTA 20B (a dried debittered brewer's yeast).

Abstract: The present invention provides biological fertilizer compositions that comprise yeast cells that have an enhanced ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, decompose phosphorus minerals and compounds, decompose potassium minerals and compounds, decompose complex carbon compounds, over produce growth factors, and over produce ATP. The biological fertilizer composition of the invention can replace mineral fertilizers in supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to crop plants. Methods of manufacturing the biological fertilizer compositions and methods of uses are also encompassed.

Abstract: Phaffia rhodozyma strains are described which produce greater than 3,000 ppm astaxanthin based on dry yeast solids when cultivated in a volume of nutrient medium of at least about 1,500 liters and containing in excess of 4 percent, preferably in excess of 6 percent, dry yeast solids. These and other strains are cultivated by an improved fermentation method comprising extending the maturation phase of the fermentation by one or more various techniques including exposing the yeast cells to a low-intensity light, slow feeding the cells with a rapidly metabolized energy source, e.g. glucose, and replacing the rapidly metabolized energy source with a slowly metabolized energy source, e.g. gylcerol. The cells of these strains are incorporated into animal feeds, particularly feeds for salmonid fishes, to impart or enhance the red pigmentation of these animals and products made from these animals.

Abstract: A mixture of probiotics effective to reduce the contamination of enteric bacteria in humans and other monogastric animals. The mixture of probiotics includes a lactic acid-producing bacteria and a yeast, and may advantageously be supplemented with a source of nutrients, such as lactose, in certain applications. In a preferred embodiment, the bacterial component is at least one strain of Enterococci, the yeast is at least one strain of Saccharomyces, and a high lactose whey.

Abstract: New products are provided comprising inactivated lower eukaryotic cells, preferably yeasts or molds, having at the outer surface functionally active antibodies or functionally active fragments thereof. Preferred antibody fragments are the variable domains of Camelidae heavy chain antibodies, which are surprisingly stable against physical and chemical decontamination regimes and do not loose their activity when they are immobilized on the glucan layer of the cell wall which is present in a variety of lower eukaryotes. The new products are preferably in the field of food products, personal care products, and animal feed products.

Abstract: A pesticide composition that includes a metabolite from a fungus selected from homeocarpic basidiomycetes and homeocarpic ascomycetes is produced. In one embodiment, the fungus from which the metabolite is derived is one grown under conditions effective to substantially suppress fruiting of the fungus. More particular the pesticide compositions are provided comprising a fungal metabolite derived from a fungus selected from the group Ganoderma spp., Lactiporus spp. Lentinus spp. Morchella spp., and Pleurotus spp. The pesticide composition may be produced by culturing the fungus on a medium containing vegetable oil and a surfactant. Alternatively a filtrate from a culture of the fungus is added to the medium containing vegetable oil and a surfactant, and mixed until pesticidal activity develops.

Abstract: Various compositions containing transfer factor in combination with nutraceuticals are provided including transfer factor in combination with zinc and essential fatty acids and transfer factor in combination with lactic acid generating bacteria. Also provided are methods for treating animal diseases and syndromes using these compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to biological control of plant pathogens (e.g. either preharvest or postharvest diseases) on agricultural commodities (such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, grains, nuts, seeds and silage) by use of at least one microorganism which is an antagonist against plant pathogens.

Abstract: Chromium containing natural compositions are isolated and purified from natural sources including yeast. Compositions of chromium containing natural compounds are formulated for use in animals and humans. Methods for use of the chromium containing compounds alone, or in combination with other antioxidant agents, for regulating glucose and lipid levels in diabetes, CVD, inflammatory and cell proliferative diseases and in skin conditions, are presented.

Abstract: Improved feed compositions for lactating ruminants are provided that employ a high quality inedible egg product to increase the butterfat content and the milk protein content of the ruminant's milk. These improved compositions include one or more high quality inedible egg products in an amount from about 1% to 100% of the total weight of the composition. The balance of these improved compositions may consist of any ingredient(s) in any combination when such composition is capable of meeting or exceeding the nutritional requirements of the species to be fed. One aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing a high quality inedible egg product. In another aspect of the invention, there are provided feedstuff compositions for lactating ruminants that may be adapted to various stages of lactation.

Abstract: A composition is provided that includes an ubiquinone, such as CoQ10, bound by a glycoprotein matrix. A method is also provided for the manufacture of a composition of the invention. The glycoprotein matrix can be formed by permitting the growth of glycoprotein producing bacteria in the presence of the ubiquinone. The composition of the invention provides a method for increasing the stability and bioactivity of the ubiquinone. A method is also provided for administering an ubiquinone to a host by utilizing a composition of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of bio-technologies and environmental protection, and refers the cleaning of water, soil and other media polluted with petroleum products. The cleaning method of the present invention is carried out with a biological preparation that comprises a pool of yeast of the Candida maltosa genus from the strains deposited under No. VKPM Y-2256 and No. VKPM Y-2257. These strains may be present in the pool in any ratio but preferably in the ratio of 1:1. The biological preparation may be used for removing pollution caused by a wide range of hydrocarbons contained in crude oil and petroleum products, for example fuel oil, oils, etc. The biological preparation affords recovery of oil pollution at temperatures up to +41° C. and pH 3.0-9.0, and may be used in saline ecosystems.

Abstract: There is provided a method of production of an immunostimulatory &bgr;-glucan-mannan preparation, comprising the step of autolysis of cells of a microorganism at a pH of 5 to 6 and a temperature of 35 to 60° C. for 6 to 48 hours, and separating solid material roam the autolysed product. The &bgr;-glucan-mannan preparation may be incorporated as a food component or be used as a pharmaceutical for treatment of conditions such as immuno-suppression, hypercholesterolaemia, hypoglycaemia and heavy metal excretion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an evacuant possessing a sufficient evacuating effect in a small dose substantially without accompanying any irritation to bowel, irrespective of whether its preparations are in the form of tablets, liquids or elixirs, and having a suppressing action to odor of feces. This evacuant is characterized by containing an active magnesium oxide which has a BET value (surface area in terms of m2/g) of at least 21, preferably 21-50, more preferably 30-40 and is excellent in acid reactivity, and may preferably be incorporated with lactic acid bacteria, a mixture of sporolactobacteria and yeast extracts and/or oligosaccharides. The preparations are preferably in the form of liquids, granules, tablets and capsules.

Abstract: Novel methods and compositions are provided for the biocontrol of plant diseases by use of a biological coating that confers both a protective and a curative effect for the control of postharvest decay. The coating includes chitosan salts, an antagonistic microorganism, and a cation. A composition of chitosan salts, CaCl2 and yeast is effective. The combined fungicidal activities of the chitosan salts and the antagonistic microorganism make the compositions of the present invention superior to previous coatings. When applied to the surface of a harvested plant commodity, the compositions both prevent and cure postharvest decay.

Abstract: Novel methods and compositions are provided for the biocontrol of plant diseases, in particular diseases causing plant postharvest decay. The novel compositions are “biocontrol cocktails” that are combinations of antagonistic microorganisms and antifungal agents. Suitable microorganisms include yeasts such as Candida spp. Suitable antifungal agents include enzymes or combinations of enzymes such as lysozyme or lyticase. The compositions are applied to the plants either to prevent or cure infections caused by microorganisms such as fungi. Synergistic effects occur. The methods and compositions are comparable to or better than synthetic fungicides or to either agent alone.

Abstract: The present invention provides biological fertilizer compositions that comprise yeast cells that have an enhanced ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, decompose phosphorus minerals and compounds, decompose potassium minerals and compounds, decompose complex carbon compounds, over produce growth factors, and over produce ATP. The biological fertilizer composition of the invention can replace mineral fertilizers in supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to crop plants. Methods of manufacturing the biological fertilizer compositions and methods of uses are also encompassed.

Abstract: A method for reducing ecologically adverse changes of the gastrointestinal micro-flora in patients under treatment with medicaments (which may also be referred to herein as the therapeutic compounds or medications) such as gastric acid reducing medicaments or antibiotics. A pharmaceutical product useful in the present method comprising a medicament and a probiotically active organism as a combined preparation presented in a commercial package unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to low-molecular weight, metabolism-activating mixtures of active ingredients from yeast fungi of the order Saccharomycetes and is characterized in that they are obtained from yeasts of the said order of Saccharomycetes, which are cultivated for some hours at temperatures starting at 37° C., are heated to a maximum of 45° C. and, following cooling, are subsequently processed in a manner known per se.

Abstract: The present invention solves the need for non-toxic forms of selenium which is an essential part of the human diet. This invention provides novel dried-yeast products containing selenium as well as a method of producing the dried yeast products. The method uses selenium having high biological activity but low toxicity. The invention also provides nutritional supplements containing the novel selenium containing dried yeast products and methods of administering these products and supplements to improve human health. The invention also provides a practically non-toxic yeast selenium product having increased intracellular selenium concentrations and methods to reduce tumor cell growth by administration of a selenium yeast product in combination with chemotherapeutic agents.