Abstract: A porous film manufacturing apparatus is disclosed, which can continuously and uniformly form a large number of uniform through pores or blind pores, each having a size arbitrarily selected in the range of sub-.mu.m to several tens .mu.m, in an elongated film made of various types of materials, such as polymeric materials and metals, at a high density (e.g., 5,000 to 200,000 per cm.sup.2), without almost any deterioration in essential characteristics of the film materials.

Abstract: A calendar for the production of packing sheets has a heated cylinder of large diameter on which a packing sheet is progressively built-up of layers of rubber-fiber mixture during many revolutions and the cylinder and an unheated counter pressure cylinder of smaller diameter mounted in slidable bearings for rotation and for movement toward and away from the heated cylinder. As the packing sheet is progressively built-up on the heated cylinder, its thickness is continuously measured by feeler rollers pressed lightly against the surface of the packing sheet and associated inductive sensors. In a comparison circuit, the values of thickness-indicating signals received from the sensors are compared with the sum of an initial zero value recorded before rubber-fiber mixture is applied to the circumference of the heated cylinder, and a predetermined desired value. When the value of the thickness indicating signal equals the sum of the zero value and the desired value, the calender is stopped.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously manufacturing chip-and fiber-board webs having uniform thickness across their width in a press comprising a centrally disposed press cylinder journalled to rotate in bearings in uprights and at least one pressure roller disposed adjacent to periphery of the press cylinder. An endless steel band which carries the material for forming the web and which is subjected to tensile stress, is guided around the press cylinder and through the nip defined between the press cylinder and the pressure roller. The material is then pressed between the endless steel band and the surface of the press cylinder. The pressure roller is journalled for rotation in bearing bodies at each of its ends, with the bearing bodies being connected to piston and cylinder arrangements. When the press is in its loaded state, the bearing body at one end of the pressure roller is displaced by the application of a preselected pressure towards the axis of rotation of the press cylinder.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for producing a continuous belt-like sheet of bread dough. The apparatus includes a dough hopper, vertical conveyors mounted on the facing side walls of the hopper, a dough outlet provided at the bottom of the hopper, and a pair of discharging rolls constituting part of the dough outlet, facing each other, and which are rotated so as to downwardly pass the bread dough passing therebetween. The width of the outlet and the peripheral speed of the discharging rolls are controllable so that a high-quality sheet of bread dough is continuously produced, while the gel structure of the dough is maintained uninjured.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for producing granules or pastils from a flowable material of varying viscosity wherein material is supplied to a pressing nip between a rotating hollow roll (1) having internal teeth and an externally toothed ejection roll (2) in engagement with said hollow roll. Provided in the hollow roll (1) are bores (5) which extend from the respective teeth bottoms of the internal toothing to the outer side of the hollow roll (1) and through which the material is expelled on engagement of the ejection roll (2) and deposited in the form of pastils or granules on a cooling surface (13). On the outer periphery of the hollow roll (1) a jacket tube (3) may be positioned the jacket tube having bores which align with the bores (5) of the hollow roll (1), the jacket bores also having a reduced cross-section compared with the bores of the hollow roll to permit adaption of the apparatus to the viscosity of the flowable material to be processed.

Abstract: An embossing apparatus in an extrusion line for the production of sheet extrusions like vinyl siding, can include a revolver above the backing roll and supported in a pair of cradles so that selected embossing rolls can be juxtaposed with the backing roll and can define the embossing gap therewith. The revolver is indexed in position by pneumatically-operated locking members on the cradles. The revolver allows embossing roll change on the fly, if desired.

Abstract: The insulating coating for an object such as a rocket motor casing is formed by wrapping a strip of insulating material upon the surface of a rotating mandrel. By means of this invention, it is possible to wrap a strip of malleable material such as rubber from an extruder onto a complex shape while exercising precise thickness control, thereby eliminating the need for machining the outer surface. The strip is run through a forming mill of unique construction which shapes the strip during the wrapping process to conform most precisely with the topography of the mandrel. The mill automatically varies both the taper and the width of the strip. The final wrapped product has a smooth outer surface that requires minimal finishing.

Abstract: A roll-stamper for forming substrates of an information-recording medium includes at least one stamper being fastened along a peripheral face of a mirror roller, carrying on a surface thereof patterns each corresponding to a preformat for an information recording medium, also having stoppers fixed along both edges on the reverse side thereof, and being fastened to the mirror roller by inserting the stoppers respectively into negative stopping-grooves cut into the mirror roller in parallel with the axis of the mirror roller.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing sheets or foils of plastic or rubber mixtures includes a calender having two rollers rotatably supported by spaced calender stands with a gap between the rollers and an extruder having an extruder head with wide mouth for extruding a sheet of material into the roller gap of the calender. One part of the extruder head is fixed while another part is pivoted for movement relative to the fixed part by a cylinder-piston unit. The calender is stationary while the extruder is mounted by screws, providing vertical adjustment, on a base having wheels for horizontal movement of the extruder toward and away from the calender to vary the distance between the extruder mouth and the roller gap of the calender. The base of the extruder is coupled with the calender by a threaded spindle rotatable through a reducing drive by a reversible motor to move the extruder toward and away from the calender.

Abstract: An apparatus for stamping a monofilament to form shaped portions for slide fastener coupling elements, including: a stationary shaft having a mandrel extending from its one end; a pair of stamping rollers comprising a cylindrical roller and an annular roller; and a monofilament supply roller for supplying a monofilament. The apparatus stamps a monofilament so as to provide coupling head portions, leg turnover portions, deformed portions, grooves, etc. of slide fastener coupling elements.

Abstract: A plastic material, controlled at a desired temperature, is fed on an upstream side of a gap between a pair of rotating forming rolls arrayed almost in parallel and controlled at a desired temperature from a flat die connected to an extruding machine and having a slit outflow portion. The plastic material is pressed and formed into a sheet by the forming rolls therebetween while forming a bank or an accumulation of the plastic material on an upstream side of the gap of the forming rolls and is carried out on a downstream side of the gap. The bank quantity monitoring is performed by measuring a temperature of the sheet carried out through the gap of the forming rolls and estimating the quantity of the bank in accordance with measured temperature information. The sheet formation is performed by measuring a temperature of the sheet carried out through the gap of the forming rolls and controlling various forming conditions according to a measured temperature information.

Abstract: Apparatus for stretching dough is provided, by which bread dough or confectionery dough is continuously and smoothly stretched by linearly reciprocating a roller over the surface of the part of the dough that is continuously conveyed by a downstream conveyor of a pair of conveyors, one a downstream conveyor and other an upstream conveyor, while the roller rolls on the dough, without destroying the gluten tissue of the dough, and while determining the conveying speed of the upstream conveyor in response to the change of the thickness of the dough to be stretched, thereby obtaining, in one operation, a desired and uniform dough thickness from the continuously supplied dough material.

Abstract: A calender for producing packing sheets has a heated cylinder of large diameter and an unheated pressure cylinder of smaller diameter which is movable toward and away from the heated cylinder to vary the width of a gap between the cylinders. A plastic mixture plasticized by a solvent is fed to the gap between the cylinders and is formed into a sheet on the heated cylinder, where it is vulcanized. Two temperature sensors on a common support are positioned to measure the temperature of the outer surface of such sheet and transmit the temperature measurement to a procesor which is programmed to control operations of the calender. A further sensor measures the thickness of the sheet on the heated cylinder and the thickness measurement is transmitted to the processor as a further parameter in control of operation of the calender.

Abstract: A device for flat-rolling a ball of dough to obtain a sheet of dough which has substantially straight front and rear edges. The device includes a framework for rotatably supporting a pair of rolls through which the ball of dough is passed, the rolls being supported such that they may move towards and away from each other, a biasing means being present to press the rolls towards each other, the biasing means being including at least one pressurized fluid cylinder to which pressurized fluid is supplied in such a way that in case of varying resistance of the dough a virtually constant opposing force is exerted onto said dough.

Abstract: A single facer comprises an apparatus for automatically adjusting a gap between rolls, i.e., an apparatus for maintaining a roll gap constant. The apparatus for adjusting the distance between the centers of the roll shafts is operable to move one roll toward the other by actuating driving means. The driving means is controlled in response to the variation in the temperature of the frame which supports the driving means of the roll in place, or to the passage of time after a heating mechanism for heating the rolls has started operation.

Abstract: A pizza dough roller machine having the drive mechanism mounted on the exterior of the machine housing to prevent contamination of the dough with the drive mechanism. The dough rollers are mounted by means of easily accessible and maintained bearings, which bearings are adjustable for wear and are adapted to be moved spatially to position the rollers at desired locations to control the thickness of the dough.

Abstract: A process for continuously and progressively forming components from fiber-containing composite material workpieces having a deformable matrix introduces transverse bends into a workpiece that moves through the apparatus in a longitudinal or travel direction. Transverse bending of the composite material is accomplished in a kinematically admissible manner to avoid misalignment or failure of the composite material. A net bending deformation is introduced at a free transverse edge as the composite workpiece moves in a longitudinal direction, by pairs of compound roller elements between which the workpiece passes as it moves through the apparatus. The net deformation introduced at the free transverse edge is moved and distributed through the composite material workpiece during successive passes through the forming machinery, to form the final shaped component.

Abstract: The insulating coating for an object such as a rocket motor casing is formed by wrapping a strip of insulating material upon the surface of a rotating mandrel. By means of this invention, it is possible to wrap a strip of malleable material such as rubber from an extruder onto a complex shape while exercising precise thickness control, thereby eliminating the need for machining the outer surface. The strip is run through a forming mill of unique construction which shapes the strip during the wrapping process to conform most precisely with the topography of the mandrel. The mill automatically varies both the taper and the width of the strip. The final wrapped product has a smooth outer surface that requires minimal finishing.

Abstract: Apparatus for deforming a pipe liner having a frame including an entry and an exit for the pipe liner passing through the frame and slidably adjustable discs and cylinders which cooperate to deform a pipe liner disposed intermediate the entry and exit, of the frame. The apparatus also includes a system of blocks, guide rods, and a chain assembly which regulate the deforming position of the discs and cylinders.

Abstract: A candy tempering apparatus for tempering a mass of hard candy material to a desired consistency comprises an inverted, truncated cone having an open top, an open bottom, and an inner surface having an upper rim portion. The cone is rotatable about its longitudinal axis and a feeder deposits molten candy material onto the upper rim. Fixedly positioned coaxially in the cone is a stator having adjustable arms carrying plows and rollers for advancing the candy material from the upper rim down the inner surface of the rotating cone and out through the open bottom. Also included are means for adjusting the speed of rotation, and the lateral positioning of the adjustable rollers and plows with respect to the inner surface of the cone, for kneading the candy material to a desired consistency. The cone may have a variable angle of inclination to accommodate the change in consistency of the candy as it cools, so that the cone is steeper toward the bottom of the cone.

Abstract: A control assembly to control the rate at which a food material is conducted to die cavities of a rotary press. The control assembly includes a roller subassembly, a first roller rotatably supported by the roller support assembly, and a second roller rotatably supported by the roller support assembly and located adjacent the first roller. The first and second rollers form a feed gap therebetween to receive the food material, and the second roller is also supported for movement toward and away from the first roller. The control assembly further includes an adjusting subassembly connected to the roller support subassembly to move the second roller toward and away from the first roller to vary the size of the feed gap, and a roller drive subassembly connected to the first and second rollers to rotate those rollers to pull the food material through the feed gap and to direct the food material to the die plate.

Abstract: Pressure rollers are carried on respective shafts which are slidable in slotted plates towards and away from a machine centreline to define a gap. Measuring means are provided for determining the position of each roller, in the form of a contact probe mounted on each end of each shaft with the probes at either end bearing on opposite faces of a plate of known thickness centred on the machine centreline.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing chip and fiberboard webs having uniform thickness across their width in a press comprising a centrally disposed press cylinder journalled to rotate in bearings in uprights and at least one pressure roller, and preferably three pressure rollers, disposed adjacent the periphery of the press cylinder. An endless steel band carrying the material for forming the web is subjected to tensile stress and is guided around the press cylinder and through the nip defined between the press cylinder and the pressure roller. The material is pressed between the endless steel band and the surface of the press cylinder. The pressure roller is journalled for rotation in bearings at each of its ends. When the press is in its loaded state, the bearing body at one end of the pressure roller is displaced by the application of a preselected pressure towards the axis of rotation of the press cylinder.

Abstract: A rollout apparatus for rolling trapped air from a resin impregnated fiber mat has two carriage assemblies mounted for reciprocated movement in opposite direction. Each of the carriage assemblies carries depending rollers that engage an impregnated fiberglass mat laid on a mold. The carriage assemblies oscillate simultaneously in opposite directions so that the turning forces generated by the receiprocation cancel each other, thus providing a smooth vibration-free mechanism.

Abstract: An improved mounting for spaced band wheels about which the sealing bands of a band sealer move is achieved by mounting at least one of the band wheels carrying each band from a double ended cylinder movable longitudinally with respect to the inter-band wheel distance to thereby allow adjustability in the distance between the drive and idler band wheels and, in turn, modulate the tension in the band and with the shortest wheel distance allow easy removal and replacement of the band.

Abstract: An apparatus for making a dental root canal filling point is provided, wherein provision is made of a rotary member having its outer processing surface in the form of a curved plane in parallel with its axial direction and adapted to be rotated at a predetermined speed and a moving member in which at least its processing surface is located in parallel with the processing surface of the rotary member and adapted to move at a speed substantially identical with a peripheral speed of the rotary member in the same direction as the rotational direction of the rotary member in a gap portion in which a minimum distance is defined between the processing surfaces of the rotary member and moving member.

Abstract: Flaking roll apparatus (10) for the processing of cereal products or the like is provided which includes a pair of counterrotating, nip-defining flaking rolls (76, 78) which are obliquely oriented with the rotational axes thereof lying in a plane situated at an angle between about 15.degree. and 70.degree. with respect to the horizontal. In this manner, the apparatus (10) uses less floor space and can more readily be serviced and cleaned. The overall flaking apparatus (10) preferably includes threadably adjustable devices (136) for maintaining proper nip clearance between the flaking rolls (76, 78) and for precise adjustment thereof. Additionally, end-to-end adjustment of the flaking roll assembly (10) is afforded by means of an eccentric mount (108) for one of the flaking rolls (76).

Abstract: Apparatus for reconfiguring at least three finishing rolls in a plastic sheet fabricating sheetline includes a base, a pair of spaced upright support structures, and pairs of first and second spaced support assemblies. The upright support structures are mounted on the base and support a center one of the rolls in a stationary position therebetween and for totation about a first axis. The first support assemblies support a first outer one of the rolls therebetween for rotation about a second axis and are mounted to the support structures for permitting angularly adjustable movement of the first outer roll relative to the center roll about the first axis to reconfigure the angular position of the first outer roll relative to the center roll.

Abstract: This invention relates to a tubular stretching method for producing a stretched film by passing a tubular thermoplastic resin film between pairs of nip rolls having mutually different peripheral speeds and by inflating the tubular film with internal pressure under heating and a stretching apparatus to be employed therefor. The pairs of nip rolls include at least three pairs of nip rolls. Pressurized air is admitted into a stretched bubble situated between the first and second rolls through a slit-like air injecting nozzle, and the bubble formed by the supplied pressurized air is inflated and stretched under heating. In this stage, if desired, the amount of injected pressurized air is controlled by manual or automatic control by detecting the diameter of the bubble so as to keep the bubble's diameter constant. After stretching, the tubular film is collapsed and is introduced to the second nip rolls. Both side ends of the collapsed film are cut open with film cutting knives to make two sheets of flat films.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for manufacturing biaxially oriented film. A tubular original film which has been extruded by an extruding die is biaxially oriented by heat and air injected to the inside portion thereof being conveyed to nip rolls each having an individual circumferential speed. The temperature of heat to be applied to the film is controlled on the basis of the detected film thickness for the purpose of obtaining a uniform film thickness distribution. Furthermore, the film can be made uniform by adjusting the outer diameter of the bubble-shaped oriented film by adjusting the distance between two sets of nip rolls on the basis of the measured width of the film. In addition, when the thus-oriented film is subjected to a heat treatment, temperature of heat is arranged to be a predetermined temperature as to prevent adhesion of the films.

Abstract: A granulating apparatus includes a hollow roll equipped on its internal circumference with axially extending toothed ledges and a co-rotating contact pressure roll, equipped with corresponding axial toothed ledges on its outer circumference, and engaging in the hollow roll in the lower area of the latter. The hollow roll is provided with axially extending rows of holes between its toothed ledges. The toothed ledges of the hollow roll and pressure roll intermesh to form a tapering nip zone therebetween. The material to be granulated is fed into the hollow roll and into the nip zone. By means of the cooperation of the toothed ledges, the material is pressed out forcibly and volumetrically in the downward direction. The drops being formed fall onto a cooling conveyor and are allowed to solidify thereon. The mass is extruded forcibly and with a defined volume. By virtue of the cooperation of rotating parts, high production rates are possible.

Abstract: An apparatus for stretching dough comprising two pairs of rollers and means for imparting vibrations to the dough positioned between the pairs of rollers is provided. In this apparatus, vibrations are imparted to dough, which causes the thixotropic effect in the dough. Such dough can be readily stretched by being subjected to a tensile stress caused by the difference in the peripheral speed of the pairs of rollers. Therefore, dough can be stretched without subjecting it to high pressure during the stretching process.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously and progressively forming components from fiber-containing composite material workpieces having a deformable matrix introduces transverse bends into a workpiece that moves through the apparatus in a longitudinal or travel direction. Transverse bending of the composite material is accomplished in a kinematically admissible manner to avoid misalignment or failure of the composite material. A net bending deformation is introduced at a free transverse edge as the composite workpiece moves in a longitudinal direction, by pairs of compound roller elements between which the workpiece passes as it moves through the apparatus. the net deformation introduced at the free transverse edge is moved and distributed through the composite material workpiece during successive passes through the forming machinery, to form the final shaped component.

Abstract: Sheet of polyvinyl butyral is extruded, it is subjected to a humidifying and relaxation treatment by maintaining it stretched between rollers, the sheet of polyvinylbutyral is passed through a cold zone, in particular around cooling drums, so as to fix it, the sheet is rolled under a given tension, and prior to fixing the sheet in the cold zone, the sheet is allowed to form at least one free loop.

Abstract: A press for the continuous production of thin chipboard and fibreboards a heated, rotatable central pressing drum, which is mounted in a support arrangement which includes a plurality of interconnected support members and a plurality of pressure rollers, disposed around a major portion of the periphery of the drum. An endless steel belt is guided around the major portion of the periphery of the drum between the drum and the pressure rollers. The belt carries the material from which the boards are to be produced and can be tensioned. The material, a chip or fibre layer mixed with a binding agent is subjected to a surface pressure between the endless steel belt and the pressing drum, and to a linear pressure in the nips between the pressing drum and the pressure rollers.

Abstract: A roller press for compacting fine-grained chemicals, especially salts, into sheets, having synchronously driven rollers with two axially spaced pressing surfaces on ring elements being provided with radial shoulders at both of their ends. Screw feeders for feeding the salt into the roll nip and wedge-shaped wall elements closing-off the roll nip in the axial direction on both ends of said ring elements and bearing against the shoulders, are also provided. Adjustment rods acting parallel to the roll axis are provided for the outer wall elements and vertical rods between the inner wall elements acting onto these wall elements via wedge-shaped surfaces arranged on said rods and the walls of said wall elements facing each other. The ring elements are integral with the roller bodies or separate cylindrical rings shrink-fit onto the roller bodies. Each ring element is associated with at least two screw feeders.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing rolled pieces of pastry includes at least four adjacent rollers having parallel axes, being capable of defining a substantially cylindrical cavity, being adapted to rotate in the same direction and being adapted to rotate at a same peripheral speed. Means are provided for forming and then closing an admitting gap between two of the rollers for admitting pieces to be rolled into the cavity for rolling. Means are provided also for forming a releasing gap between two of the rollers for releasing rolled pieces from the cavity.

Abstract: In the manufacture of insulating shells formed by a felt of mineral fibers wound around a mandrel, main pressing elements intervene as soon as the winding begins and remain in contact with the surface of the shell during the entire winding phase. Auxiliary pressing elements intervene only when the shell, during shaping, has reached a given outside diameter of, for example, 200 mm. The invention applies particularly to the insulation of conduits of small and average outside diameters.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously making a mixture of viscous material with solid material segments, which utilizes a pair of spaced mixing rolls (26, 28) for dragging the viscous material (42, 44) and the solid material segments (66, 68) into a gap (34) between the mixing rolls to permit the material to be mixed together to form an impregnated compound (82). Each roll has a hopper (36, 38) having an opening (54) and an associated coating blade (46,48) for depositing of layer (42, 44) of desired thickness of the viscous material on the mixing rolls. A solid material cutter (70, 72) is located above and associated with each mixing roller, to provide distinct stream (66, 68) of solid material segments in a uniform rainfall onto the layers of viscous material as the layers emerge from the coating blades. Both the thickness of the viscous layer applied to the rolls and the gap between the rolls are adjustable to accommodate a wide variety of recipes and to produce a variety of useful compounds.

Abstract: Polymerized foam material in flat billet form is enclosed in a heat-retaining envelope and heated to forming temperature then promptly loaded into an innovative unheated forming press and accurately formed before cooling below forming temperature. The heat-retaining envelope has an expansive skin on one side and a contractive skin on the other side to facilitate bending without wrinkling or other distortion. The forming press utilizes a rigid male form punch and a spring-tensioned elastic belt, supported on a pair of variably-spaced rollers, initially presenting a flat compliant surface upon which the heated workpiece is placed. Pressure from the form punch progressively deflects the workpiece and the belt, which becomes a compliant mold member conforming itself and the workpiece progressively around the form punch to yield an article of required carved shape, free of wrinkles or tool creep distortions.

Abstract: An apparatus for stretching a plastic raw material such as bread dough. By providing a plurality of conveying assemblies which is adapted to be driven at respective different speeds and driven forwardly or backwardly, and a roller mechansim positioned above the conveying assemblies, an effective stretching of the plastic material fed between the rollers of the roller mechanism and the conveying path of the conveying assemblies is performed. The plastic material is fed from either direction of the conveying path to simply repeat the stretching operation.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing a reclosable container stock with adhered occludable closure strip portions, said apparatus comprising a rotatable lay-on roll having circumferential grooves therein, means to advance the closure strip portions to the lay-on roll, a rotatable casting cylinder positioned opposite the lay-on roll, means for extruding a molten plastic film onto the casting cylinder so that the film adheres to the closure strip portions, and means for cooling the resulting reclosable container stock with adhered closure strip portions.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for rolling dough including rotatable support disc in cooperation with a rotatable obtuse conical roller, means being provided to hold the conical roll spaced above the disc and thereby determine the thickness of the rolled product.

Abstract: A plastic web is made by an extrusion apparatus having a plastics screw press, a metering pump with a volume flow depending on the rotation speed, an output die and a rolling unit with calendaring rolls. The flow of a thermoplastic material is regulated with the metering pump. The melt web issuing from the output die is cooled and calibrated. The process uses a metering pump which has substantially linear volume flow/rotation speed characteristics in the regulated range of rotation speeds and together with the rolling unit is part of a common computerized control system. The peripheral speed of the calendaring rolls is controlled so that it is proportional to the rotation speed of the metering pump. The special proportionality factor for the speed ratio is set by a computer which controls the roll speed so that no undesirable thickness variations or other product defects occur.

Abstract: An improvement for casting machines is provided which assures a constant thickness and density of extruded material by varying the speed of nip forming rolls.

Abstract: A layer of granules is deposited onto a conveyor belt and then heated and pressed to form a final product (e.g., floor covering). The layer is deposited from a funnel having a bottom outlet. Disposed across the outlet are a rotary sizing roll which forms a first gap with the belt, and an inclined guide plate which forms a second gap with the sizing roll. Granules flow through the second and first gaps, and then onto the belt. The second gap is larger than the first gap so that excess granules are supplied to the first gap, thereby assuring that no voids are created in the deposited layer. The guide plate is oscillated to facilitate a back-flow of excess granules to resist the possibility of excess granules being forced through by the sizing roll.

Abstract: An improvement for casting machines is provided which displays a correct nip measurement based on the relative position of cooperating rolls and the thermal expansion of the rolls.

Abstract: A calendering apparatus is disclosed which includes means for replacing a desired take-up roller from a take-up roller train. Displaceable, bifurcated carrier means are disposed on the embossing means forming part of the calender apparatus, which carriers can accommodate individual take-up rollers. The rollers are then moved out of the train by such carriers. The embossing means are also displaceable into a position in a lifting mechanism which can be used to collect the roller from the carrier.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for continuously and progressively forming components from fiber-containing composite material workpieces having a deformable matrix, wherein bending of the composite material is accomplished by pairs of roller elements between which the composite passes as it moves through the apparatus, and wherein the workpiece may be locally heated within the extent of the roller elements. Rotation of each roller is individually and independently controllable to drive the workpiece forward, retard motion of the workpiece, or freewheel. Retarding motion of selected rollers induces tensile stresses in the workpiece, which counteract the compressive stresses induced during bending so as to maintain the alignment of the fibers.

Abstract: Rolling apparatus comprising two rollers (FIG. 1) or (FIG. 2) disposed horizontally adjacent to each other, one roller of which has a rough surface. Above the gap between these rollers is a stock holder with an open bottom end. Dough placed in the holder falls onto the rollers and is conveyed by the roller through the gap, so that a strip of dough leaves the gap. Disposed below the gap is a third roller which is parallel to the two top rollers. Rotatably mounted on the periphery of the roller are a number of rolls. The strip of dough goes from the gap through a gap between the bottom roller and the top roller (FIG. 1) or (FIG. 2), which is preferably a roller of the same type as the bottom roller, opposite the top roller with rough surface, so that the rolls make the strip of dough thinner, while retaining its structure.