Abstract: Calcined kaolin clay having a high bulk density, improved wet out and slurry incorporation times is produced by using pressure to compact the clay. Other properties of the compacted clay are improved or equivalent to the non-compacted starting calcined clay material.

Abstract: The invention relates to the equipment for high-pressure, high-temperature treatment of materials in liquid and enables to broaden the technological capabilities of an isostatic press. The isostatic press for treatment of materials in liquid comprises a multi-cylinder pressure vessel forming a hermetically sealed working chamber connected to a gas source. The open-top container for liquid is placed in the working chamber in such a way that a gap is created between the inner wall of the pressure vessel and the outer wall of the container. The container with the liquid and the treated material is placed on an electrically insulated heater which, in its turn, is mounted on a protective magnetic block.

Abstract: Fine particles (23) are oriented and dispersed in a polymer medium to obtain a composite material (24), which is high-density compression molded to such a size that a photonic band gap develops, thereby obtaining a photonic crystal element (26). The orientation of the fine particles (23) in the polymer medium can be carried out on a scale (tens of micrometers to several millimeters) where required manipulations can be done with ease.

Abstract: Calcined kaolin clay having a high bulk density, improved wet out and slurry incorporation times is produced by using pressure to compact the clay. Other properties of the compacted clay are improved or equivalent to the non-compacted starting calcined clay material.

Abstract: A treatment chamber for heating and pressing workpieces and a heat insulating structure which covers the treatment chamber sideways and from above are provided within a high-pressure vessel. Below the treatment chamber are disposed a base heater for heating a pressure medium gas and a fan for supplying the pressure medium gas in a heated state into the treatment chamber and stirring the heated gas. The workpieces can be held on the heat insulating structure side, and the heat insulating structure and the workpieces can be taken out from the interior of the high-pressure vessel and can be conveyed together separately from a lower lid of the high-pressure vessel. A hot isostatic pressing apparatus is provided less expensively which can heat and press workpieces at a relatively low temperature of not higher than 600° C. Besides, it is possible to shorten the cycle time in HIP.

Abstract: A hot isostatic pressing apparatus (HIP apparatus) comprises a vertically cylindrical high-pressure vessel comprising a high-pressure cylinder 1 and upper and lower lids 2 and 3; a bottomed cylindrical casing 6 capable of housing workpieces 9 and a resistance-wire heater 11, a heat insulating structure 16 equipped with a gas flow regulating valve 15 and formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape on the outside of the casing 6 so as to cover the casing 6, and a heat sink 17 having a water cooling mechanism provided in the space defined by the heat insulating structure 16 and the inner surface of the high-pressure cylinder 1, which are provided within the high-pressure vessel; and a pressure medium gas stirring fan 12 for promoting the temperature uniformity of the space of the treatment chamber 7 for housing the workpieces 9, the stirring fan being arranged on the lower lid 3 side within the casing 6, whereby the cooling to a temperature range of 100° C.

Abstract: A device for molding objects includes a mold having a molding space enclosed therein and adapted to be filled by a fluid mold material intended to solidify therein. The fluid mold material is injected under pressure into the molding space and solidifies under this high pressure. A chamber receives the mold and is filled with a medium. The medium filling the chamber and surrounding the mold is pressurized. The pressurized medium acts upon the mold from all directions with at least the same pressure magnitude as the pressure of the mold material within the mold. Therefore, the mold is isostatically balanced by the forces acting upon the mold by the mold material and the medium.

Abstract: The die comprises a rigid body (20) having its upper surface (20′) covered by a flexible covering membrane (11) which defines the active surface of the die, and a plurality of seats (30) of vertical axis provided in the rigid body (20); within said seats (30) there is positioned a corresponding plurality of vertically slidable pistons (40) which have an active surface (40′) for acting on the material being pressed, and are disposed in contact with an operative liquid which fills the lower chambers (31) of the seats (30) and connects said chambers (31) together; said covering membrane (11) covers the active surface (40′) of the pistons (40), said pistons (40) acting on the material being pressed via the covering membrane (11). According to the invention each seat comprises abutment means (35) arranged to limit the stroke of the piston (40) in the direction of movement both towards the interior of the seat, and outwards from the seat (30).

Abstract: A device in hot isostatic pressing has first, second and third pumps. The first pump is adapted to pump a cooled pressure medium emanating from a cooling loop in the pressure vessel upwardly from a first space to a second pump which is arranged in a second space located above the first space but below a load space. The second pump is arranged to pump a mixture of the cooled pressure medium and a warm pressure medium emanating from the second space upwardly through the load space. The third pump is arranged in the second space to pump a warm pressure medium emanating from this space to the second pump for pumping the warm pressure medium by the second pump.

Abstract: A cold isopressing method and mold for compacting a granular ceramic material in which the granular ceramic material is introduced into a cylindrical pressure bearing element of an isopressing mold. The cylindrical pressure bearing element is sufficiently rigid so as to maintain its shape during the introducing of the granular ceramic material. Such element is also sufficiently resilient in a radial direction thereof to deform and bear against the granular ceramic material upon the application of the hydrostatic pressure and to substantially return to its original shape upon the relaxation of the hydrostatic pressure, thereby to allow retraction of the cylindrical pressure bearing element from the granular ceramic material after compaction. In a further aspect, an isopressing method and mold is provided in which the cylindrical pressure bearing element thereof is provided with an enlarged end bore to form an enlarged end section in the finished ceramic tube for sealing purposes.

Abstract: A device for impregnating a conductor bar for a stator winding of an electrical machine, which includes an impregnating device with a hose-like flexible casing for receiving and encasing a conductor bar over an entire length thereof, and wherein the conductor bar is formed with a rectilinear region and angled regions adjoining the rectilinear region and is provided with an insulation. The device further includes a device which communicates with the casing for filling the casing with pressurized impregnating fluid, and a pressing device with a stationary pressing device having a plurality of clamping jaws surrounding on all sides at least the rectilinear region of the conductor bar, and movable sleeve-like pressing devices surrounding and pressing the angled regions of the conductor bar adjoining the rectilinear region.

Abstract: A sculptor's pressure vessel having a frame, a pressure container and an expandable member for pushing the pressure container against a portion of the frame to seal the container. A pressurized gas supply is connected expandable member to inflate it and to push the pressure container against the top of the frame to seal the pressure container. The pressurized gas supply is also connected to the frame top to pressurize the pressure container when it is in sealed contact with the frame.

Abstract: A sculptor's pressure vessel having a frame, a pressure container and an expandable member for pushing the pressure container against a portion of the frame to seal the container. A pressurized gas supply is connected expandable member to inflate it and to push the pressure container against the top of the frame to seal the pressure container. The pressurized gas supply is also connected to the frame top to pressurize the pressure container when it is in sealed contact with the frame.

Abstract: The present invention proposes an apparatus for pressure molding multi-layer footwear for use in the field of sport footwear. The apparatus for pressure molding multi-layer footwear has two pressure forming receptacles, each having an inflatable vessel therein. The inflatable vessel is shaped and adapted to surround sides of the footwear, such as a skate. The inflatable vessel has an opening for receiving the skate and an air inlet for inflating the inflatable vessel. The apparatus may further has an air supply device connectable to a control system that will manage the airflow into the inflatable vessel to create the desired pressure onto the skate in order to provide a custom-fit skate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the dry-forming of crockery, using isostatic molds, wherein a powder is compressed within an isostatic mold and subjected to close-together pressure pulses during the exertion of the compacting pressure.

Abstract: Fine particles (23) are oriented and dispersed in a polymer medium to obtain a composite material (24), which is high-density compression molded to such a size that a photonic band gap develops, thereby obtaining a photonic crystal element (26). The orientation of the fine particles (23) in the polymer medium can be carried out on a scale (tens of micrometers to several millimeters) where required manipulations can be done with ease.

Abstract: A hydrostatic compression method for producing a fancy log with a decorative and complicated external appearance from a primary wood. In the method, a primary wood having a water content adjusted in the range of 10-80 wt % is brought into a softened state, then the softened wood is compressed with hydrostatic pressure by means of liquid as pressurizing medium. Next, the compressed wood is treated with a fixation means to fix the compressed state. The fixation means can be a shaping jig, a mold, heating in a particular temperature range conducted while constraining the volume relation of compressed wood, cooling down below the softening point of the wood while under pressure, compact-packing together with hard particles into a vessel followed by heating, or a primary wood is chemically treated to form a localized wood-plastics composite before applying hydrostatic compression.

Abstract: A method of treating parts (34) in a treatment chamber (33) by hot-isostatic pressing with an inert gas as pressure medium and in the presence of a purifying agent (25a) for the inert gas comprises the steps of reducing the pressure in the treatment chamber (33), increasing the pressure again by introducing the inert gas, increasing the temperature in the treatment chamber (33) by activating heating elements (9a), and, after a certain holding time, reducing the pressure and the temperature again. Especially if the purifying agent (25a) is of the same material as the parts (34) being treated, the purifying effect of the purifying agent becomes insufficient. The effect of the purifying agent (25a) is improved according to the invention by bringing the inert gas, at least when being introduced, to circulate such that it is heated, passes through the purifying agent and is thereafter cooled before contacting the parts. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing artificial stone having a curved surface or a deformed shape including the steps of heating a plate-like artificial stone forming body, whose surface has previously been polished or roughened, to a temperature ranging from 120° C. to 200° C. under a pressurized atmosphere equal to or higher than 3 atms so as to soften and deform it to a predetermined curved surface or deformed shape and cooling it to a temperature not higher than 90° C.