Abstract: A method for producing bread is described which involves kneading a dough with an L-ascorbic acid, a dicarboxylic acid or salts thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein n, X, Y, Z and Z' are as herein defined, cystine, methionine, alums and nicotinic acids, allowing the thus kneaded dough to ferment and then baking the thus fermented dough.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising a water in oil emulsion or colloidal dispersion prepared from an emulsified triglyceride or an emulsifier only in combination with an aqueous solution of a dextrin or other soluble saccharides or polysaccharide. The emulsion, prepared by the addition of heat and agitation, is thereafter applied to the surface of a food product by dipping, enrobing, spraying or any other suitable application means to the food product, the excess is removed by suitable means and the coating is allowed to set or dry prior to further processing or packaging of the food. Coating thickness, pick-up and setting of the coating is accelerated by control of both the temperature of the coating composition of matter at the time of application and the surface temperature of the food product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for making bran bread by preparing a dough based on wheat flour, bran and water, which is subjected to baking after fermentation, the said wheat flour being of the type comprising at least 12% to 13% by weight of proteins and the bran being obtained from wheat ground by a millstone. The invention is more particularly applicable to the making of dietetic bran bread.

Abstract: A frozen pizza and method. The pizza includes a frozen crust portion and a filling portion for receiving the pizza sauce or other filling. The crust includes a generally flat filling-receiving center section of predetermined thickness, height and density, and this center section is surrounded by an edge portion which is formed integrally with the center section portion. The edge portion is of increased height and decreased density with respect to the respective height and density of the center section portion. The edge portion has an inner sidewall which serves to confine the filling portion to the center section of the pizza product. The method includes the steps of permitting limited rise of the dough during crust formation, and then depressing or debossing the center section of the dough sheet to increase its density and reduce its height, while permitting the outer margin of the sheet to rise naturally to greater height and to assume a reduced density.

Abstract: A high protein, whole wheat grain expanded food product is prepared by the process of the present invention. Ground whole wheat is mixed with moisture and an edible acid to provide a dough. The dough is then extruded through a die under particular conditions to provide a high protein, expanded wheat product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of bases for tarts or pizzas from pastry of the dough type and a tool for carrying out the process.According to the process the dough is kneaded, divided into lumps, the lumps thus formed are left standing for a short period, flattened, are subjected to a single rise and the bases thus formed are baked, characterized in that the flattening operation is carried out directly without preliminary rolling or rising. The tool shown in FIG. 1 comprises a stamp and a die receiving a lump on its support and means for forming a cushion of air between the stamp and the dough.

Abstract: A process for baking bread by separating a portion of the flour to be used into a wet gluten phase and a starch slurry phase, converting the starch slurry phase into sugar, combining the wet gluten phase and the sugar into a dough including the remaining flour or other weaker flours and treating and baking the resulting dough to produce a bread product.

Abstract: Yeast-raised dough products containing 0-60% hard flour, 0-100% bleached soft wheat flour, from 0-70% bleached clear flour and, based on total amount of bleached soft wheat flour and bleached clear flour, from 0.20-1.00 part of sodium calcium alginate per 100 parts of bleached soft wheat flour and/or bleached clear flour.

Abstract: White pan bread and rolls characterized by significantly prolonged shelf-life are produced by replacing 10 to 50% of the sugar and fat content of standard dough formulations for such bakery products with lactose. Specifically, lactose is used to replace 10 to 50% of the sugar or corn sugar content (sucrose, dextrose) or fat content (shortening) or both, in such standard formulations containing as a norm, on the weight of the flour, 6 to 12% sugar and 2.5 to 8% fat (white pan breads: 6-10% sugar, 2.5-3.5% fat; rolls: 10-13% sugar, 6-8% fat). Shelf-life of the improved bread and rolls, which is related to the tenderness or "freshness" of the baked products, is prolonged 50 to 100%, or longer, as compared to the shelf-life of standard formulation white pan breads and rolls. Substantially increased volumes and external appearance scores are also obtained in comparison with said standard formulation products.

Abstract: A free-flowing particulate yeast is provided comprising baker's yeast and a minor amount of a solid, substantially non-deliquescent drying agent having a particle size of less than about 100 milli-microns. Preferred drying agents are hydrophilic silicon dioxide, micronized wood pulp and micronized cellulose. The drying agent is dispersed throughout the yeast and the amount thereof utilized is sufficient to bind or absorb a portion of the extracellular water without substantially deleteriously affecting the leavening activity of the yeast. The drying agent maintains the flowability of the particulate yeast over extended periods.

Abstract: A dough composition including flour, water, yeast, a starch digesting agent or digested starch, salt, sugar, shortening, milk, a yeast nutient and monosodium glutamate is used to prepare baked products such as bread and rolls. After mixing, the dough is allowed to relax and is then machined, proofed and baked. The monosodium glutamate acts as a gluten reducing agent for a short period during mixing and subsequently accounts for an oxidizing effect over an extended period.

Abstract: Stale, coherent and friable bread crumbs and croutons are produced by a continuous multistage operation which does not require a separate staling step. Bread forming components are mixed in a continuous mixer under critically-controlled conditions and carbon dioxide or other gas is injected into the mixed components at a plurality of locations along the length of the mixer. The dough resulting from the mixer is subjected to baking and the baked product, usually after relatively rapid cooling, is comminuted to the required particle size. Flavor and textuere may be introduced using a yeast and enzyme ferment.

Abstract: A method for the production of a new and novel English muffin on a mass production basis is provided wherein the English muffin is produced by the use of a conventional bun oven and an insulated baking pan which prevents an overbaking of the bottom of the English muffin and a perforated cover plate which permits an even baking of the top surface and imparts a pattern effect on the top surface of the English muffin corresponding to the perforations in the cover plate. The resulting English muffin is new and novel, and in addition to the pattern effect on the top surface thereof, will possess a uniform color on the top and bottom surfaces thereof.

Abstract: Process for preparing a high density bread having a relatively strong cell structure which is suitable for making bread crumbs or cubes for use in stuffing mix which comprises preparing a fully developed yeast containing bread dough with an initial mixing to full development, and resting said developed dough. Thereafter dividing, and then baking said dough, during baking the dough being initially subjected to a temperature sufficiently high and for a period of time effective to kill the yeast and prevent substantial oven spring and then continuing baking until the bread dough is fully baked. This process is carried out either without a proofing step or with a minimal proofing step prior to the baking of the dough, the proofing and oven spring being limited so that the density of the resultant baked bread is within the range of about 17 to 36 lbs/cubic foot. The bread is then staled and divided into crumbs or cubes for incorporation into a stuffing mix.

Abstract: A method for preparing vitamin B.sub.1 in a fermentation process involves cultivating mutants of yeast of the genus Saccharomyces Meyen emend Reess that synthesize this vitamin from sugars and inorganic salts and excrete it from living cells into fermentation media.

Abstract: An inherent tendency for particulate wheat gluten to agglomerate when introduced into an aqueous medium is inhibited by mixing the gluten with an edible material, which is rich in protein capable, when interposed between the gluten particles, of interfering with and preventing the hydrogen bonding between protein molecules of the gluten which would otherwise cause the gluten particles to agglomerate. Soy flour is particularly effective as the agglomeration-inhibiting additive and can be introduced by pre-mixing with the gluten. The invention is particularly useful in inhibiting agglomeration of vital wheat gluten in the production of yeast-leavened baked goods.

Abstract: The invention concerns a pulverulent, free-flowing monoglyceride based additive for use in the preparation of farinaceous and starch-containing products such as bread, macaroni, spaghetti, noodles and extruded snack products; this additive has been obtained by spray-cooling a substantially dry mixture containing the monoglyceride in molten condition together with at least one phosphatide, preferably lecithin and especially preferred soybean lecithin so that the individual particles will contain the monoglyceride and the phosphatide in substantially constant proportion. The product gives almost as good baking performance or performance in other heating processes for the dough into which it is incorporated as does a so-called monoglyceride-hydrate and has the further advantage of improving the flowing and packing properties of the pulverulent mixture.

Abstract: Foodstuffs, especially bread, can be preserved against the growth of microorganisms such as mould growth and rope formation by adding to the foodstuffs an acid propionate salt.

Abstract: A bread product which has superior nutritional characteristics regarding protein and roughage content and which exhibits a significant caloric reduction over standard white bread.

Abstract: A method of preparing dough having an improved mixing cycle after the introduction of dough ingredients into a mechanical mixer where the mixing function takes place in a three sequential step operation, with the objective of improving heat removal and/or shortening mix time. A first predefined time interval is employed at a first select speed then a second mixing speed is employed in excess of the first speed for an interval of time in excess of the first interval and finally, the mixer operates at a speed less than the second speed, but not less than the first speed. The speed of rotation for the second time interval is always the greatest of the three speeds employed.

Abstract: A dough composition including flour, water, yeast, a starch digesting agent, a yeast nutrient and monosodium glutamate is used to prepare baked products such as bread and rolls. After mixing, the dough is allowed to relax and is then machined, proofed and baked. The monosodium glutamate acts as a gluten reducing agent for a short period during mixing and subsequently accounts for an oxidizing effect over an extended period.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a loaf of bread, in which yeast extract, or a mixture of the yeast extract and hydrolyzed egg white is added to wheat flour, and then the material is kneaded, fermented and baked in accordance with conventional procedures. According to this invention, the time for baking is reduced and the resulting bread has good qualities improved in external appearance, crumb, flavor and compressibility.

Abstract: A dry powder composition comprising vital gluten modified by reaction with a non-toxic chelating agent, for example, sodium citrate. This product has improved hydration and development properties and may be used to advantage in many baking applications, especially short time baking processes.

Abstract: The invention relates particularly but not exclusively to the basic food products consumed by human beings.The method of improving and retaining the nutritional qualities of basic foods and drinks consists in incorporating in these products, after the final stage of normal usefulness of the yeasts contained therein, an anti-mycotic product such as selenium sulphide or any selenium salt or heavy-metal salt.The method is applied by adding very small quantities of selenium sulphide to bread, wines, beer and other foods and beverages requiring the addition of yeasts for preparing them for consumption.The method of the invention may also be applied in the treatment of products other than food products, for example tooth-pastes, bottles, under-garments and medical equipment made of plastics materials.

Abstract: Yeast food products are made by a method which (1) eliminates the necessity of handling sticky dough, (2) eliminates the use of dusting flour, and (3) shortens the time for making the food product by eliminating the necessity of kneading and multiple fermentation periods. An under-developed dough is formulated without the addition of shortening and placed between a plastic sheet whose surfaces which contact the dough are uniformly coated with shortening. The dough is flattened between the plastic sheets, the upper sheet of the plastic sheet folded back, and the dough folded and again flattened between the plastic sheets. This is repeated until the dough has a uniform color, indicating that the dough has been properly developed. The dough is then shaped, allowed to rise by yeast fermentation and baked in a conventional manner.

Abstract: A method for forming dough shells in a continuously transported web of dough using the steps of proofing the moving dough web, forming the proofed dough web into dough shells, resting the dough shells and reclaiming and blending the trimmings of the dough web into the dough is also shown.

Abstract: Modified polydextrose-based farinaceous compositions are disclosed which are useful in the preparation of pastas and other flour-containing foods.

Abstract: A bread containing substantial quantities of alfalfa provides a convenient, palatable form of introducing significant quantities of alfalfa into the human diet. The bread, which preferably contains honey, retains bread-like texture, taste and odor despite the presence of substantial quantities of alfalfa. Alfalfa, a nonnutritive fiber, functions as a hypocholesteremic agent.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for rapidly and economically growing the bacterial species Lactobacillus sanfrancisco.

Abstract: A pizza ersatz in the form of a bread food product and process therefor. A dough is prepared using a tomato based formula providing pizza flavor ingredients for homogeneous distribution throughout a soft textured baked bread loaf. A charge of stabilized flavor intensifier is inserted into a preformed incision in the dough surface for limited migration during baking. The baking procedure also includes the introduction of a flowable cheese composition having a viscous consistency for containment within a confined area on the bread surface.

Abstract: An extended shelf-like baking product which is rich in proteins, can be firmly cut and does not form crumbs, is produced from a mixture of more than 30% and up to 70%, preferably 60% to 70% by weight of vital wheat proteins with an equilibrium moisture of 8% to 13% together with an amount of 100% cereal starch necessary to make up 100%.

Abstract: Yeast or yeast saturated with vegetable oil is incorporated into batter, breading and meat-filler flour-based products resulting in improved physical, organoleptical and functional properties of said products.

Abstract: The bread composition incorporates a cellulose additive in precise amounts to produce a resultant white bread product having at least 25% less calories than the comparable standard white bread product. The composition also includes taste enhancements so that the reduced calorie bread will have the same eating quality and texture as the standard white bread.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a pretzel which upon cooking will remain soft for an extended period of time, i.e., for a time period greater than 12 hours, with the process consisting essentially of mixing about 51 parts by weight water, sufficient yeast to cause a flour mixture to rise; mixing the water and yeast with about 100 parts by weight wheat flour with the wheat flour being present in an amount sufficient to prevent substantial cooling and moisture loss in the mixture; blending the ingredients for at least 8 minutes; forming the mixture into the shape of a pretzel or other shape; saturating the outside of the formed, uncooked pretzel with a sodium hydroxide solution; and cooling the sodium hydroxide coated, uncooked pretzel until the temperature thereof is below -15.degree.F. for at least 1 hour.

Abstract: Storage stable dry compositions containing active dried yeast and edible fat or oil are described. They may also contain flour and optionally other dough forming ingredients and may thus serve as dry compositions to which water can be added to make a dough, for example, for bread making.