Abstract: A low-gossypol, high-protein flour is produced by a process which utilizes conventional solvent extraction equipment with a certain series of steps, culminating at a point where a defatted, milled, cottonseed flour mixture is rendered edible for human consumption by the separation of the gossypol-containing portion.

Abstract: The use of an electrofilter as an extraction column and/or as an extraction column-filter combination is disclosed. Solvent-extractible solids positioned in an electrically activated electrofilter are subjected to solvent extraction. The solids positioned in the electrically activated electrofilter may be previously unextracted, partially extracted or completely extracted, or combinations thereof. When the process is completed, the solid material can be removed from the electrofilter by electrically deactivating the electrofilter and removing the solids therefrom by any suitable means, such as by means of a solvent wash. The process may be efficiently utilized for oilseed extraction.

Abstract: A method of removing orange-brown color causing constituents from yellow pea flour in the manufacture of a high protein pea flour wherein the flour is heat treated including the steps of extracting the flour with a solvent comprising a C1, C2 or C3 monohydric alcohol at a temperature above 40.degree. C. and not more than 30% water by volume to increase the extraction power to remove the brown color causing constituents and then removing the residual solvent from the flour.

Abstract: A process for purifying phosphatides to obtain transparent phosphatides wherein crude phosphatides are subjected to the combined action of a hydrophobic liquid and water is described. The two liquids are separated and the purified phosphatide product is recovered from the hydrophobic liquid. In this way, a transparent phosphatide product is obtained.

Abstract: A process for the production of an aromatic spice extract, which comprises(a) grinding a spice and collecting an aromatic fraction A, consisting of the gases given off during grinding,(b) treating the spice with an apolar organic solvent so as to obtain an aromatic fraction B contained in this apolar solvent, and(c) treating the spice with at least one polar solvent so as to obtain an aromatic fraction C contained in this polar solvent,The combination of the aromatic fractions A, B and C constituting the aromatic spice extract.The polar and apolar organic solvents may be used in mixture, especially in azeotropic mixture.

Abstract: An extract is prepared by treating cocoa shells with acidified ethanol. Other features of the invention appear in the following specification.

Abstract: A method id disclosed for extracting from vegetable substances, especially seeds and seed flour, toxic substances of a glucosidic nature, such as for example simmondsin from jojoba seed flour. An organic solvent (or more organic solvents) containing at least one polar group is combined with an acidic electrolyte in aqueous solution and the extraction is carried out at room temperature and can be repeated. The contents of simmondsin thus drops from about 3% to 750 parts per million approx.

Abstract: An edible high-protein flour is produced by an improved process. Cottonseed meats are dried, and then comminuted in a combination of mills having certain specifications which prevent rupturing the pigment glands of the cottonseed. Recycling of partially ground meats is practiced. This improvement is correlated with liquid cyclone separation followed by oil and solids recovery steps, thus comprising an improved process which consistently yields an edible cottonseed protein concentrate and high grade cottonseed oil.

Abstract: Young animals, ruminant or otherwise, which employ monogastric digestion, e.g. calves, are fed a milk substitute prepared with soybean protein which has been heated in presence of a lower alcohol and water, with unexpectedly rapid increase in animal weight.

Abstract: Apparatus for extraction of oils or fats from oil containing seeds by initially reducing the material size by means of crushing rollers, thereafter heating the material, pressing same in a rotopress having a pressing chamber with decreasing cross section in the direction of the outlet and by finally subjecting the material to a solvent extraction.

Abstract: Soybean polysaccharides are produced by extracting a residue which is obtained after the separation of soy proteins from soybean, with an aqueous alkaline solution and recovering the resultant solid fraction.

Abstract: A process for isolating an aromatic coffee fraction from an aqueous medium containing said fraction, which comprises contacting the aqueous medium with an organic solvent which is an azeotropic mixture capable of boiling at a temperature below about 50.degree. C of (a) at least one non-aromatic hydrocarbon and (b) at least one non-aromatic halogenated hydrocarbon or an ether and recovering a solvent phase containing the aromatic fraction. This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 623,055, filed Oct. 16, 1975, is now abandoned.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing fibrous protein materials useful for meat analogs. According to this method, an aqueous mixture of a heat coagulable protein is frozen by cooling the mixture in a manner and at a rate effective to produce elongated ice crystals generally aligned perpendicular to the surface of cooling, and immersing the resulting frozen mass in an aqueous solution, comprising an edible, water-soluble material capable of lowering the freezing point of water and stabilizing the protein, for a time effective to stabilize the protein in the frozen mass. Aqueous ethanol is a preferred solution. The properties of a wide variety of meat products can be simulated.

Abstract: An improved process for producing a high quality, edible meal product from cottonseed by releasing oil under conditions whereby unruptured gossypol cells are floated out with the oil flow and immediately separated from the remaining solids. Sufficient gossypol is removed in the cooking step of the extraction phase by a simple, low temperature heat and moisture treatment so that the final meal product rendered is safe and nutritious for human consumption, yet produced at lower cost than prior art methods. The dry, decortiated oleaginous material is treated in a flow down cooker where heat and moisture are added for removal of a significant portion of the oil and gossypol therein, after which the material is mixed with a solvent for removal of the major portion of the remaining oil and gossypol.

Abstract: A bland, nutritive, water-retentive soybean flour, concentrate, or other food product is produced by a process involving heating soybean material under superatmospheric pressure and in contact with alcohol and water and/or their vapors while permitting continuous escape of vapors.

Abstract: A method for stripping phenols and fermentable oligosaccharides from vegetable materials is disclosed, which consists in using a mixed solvent composed of a polar organic solvent formed by an alcohol, a ketone or an ester combined with an aqueous solution of an acidic electrolyte, the electrolyte is preferably an organic or inorganic acid or an acidic salt of these. The extraction temperature is from 4.degree. C to the temperature which is safe enough as not to experience protein denaturation. Certain critical ranges for the pH and solute to solvent ratios are also indicated.

Abstract: Hydrophilic and lipophilic flavor and odor producing components of natural products are obtained by extraction with defined dimethyl either-water mixtures.

Abstract: Aflatoxin is removed from seeds or nuts such as peanuts by extraction with methoxymethane.

Abstract: A method for the removal of Aflatoxin from materials including cereals, oil seeds and feedstuffs contaminated therewith comprising contacting said materials with a mixed solvent system of liquid dimethyl ether and water. The water is employed in an amount of 2 to 8 % by weight with respect to the liquid dimethyl ether. Such method which can reduce the Aflatoxin content to 15 ppb or less, can be conducted at low temperatures so that no proteins contained therein are denaturated. Further, the spent solvent system containing Aflatoxin can be easily regenerated by contacting it with activated carbon and recycled.

Abstract: A neutral lipid fraction derived from sugar beet, such as the seedlings of Beta vulgaris, or from sugar beet exudate has been found to be an effective hatching agent for the cysts and eggs of sugar beet nematodes.

Abstract: Gluten is heat treated at a relatively high temperature for a short period and then is extracted with an organic solvent to improve filterability and purity. Mixtures of the purified gluten and other protein materials have high nutritional value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the direct solvent extraction of oil from oil seeds to produce a low-fat proteinaceous material which comprises, wet heat conditioning oil bearing seeds to a moisture content of from 6 to 12%, flaking said wet heat conditioned oil seeds, dry heat conditioning said flaked oil seeds to a moisture content of from 1.9 to 6%, and treating said dry heat conditioned flakes with a solvent for the removal of the oil contained in said flakes.

Abstract: There is disclosed a multiple-effect evaporation system wherein the last effect of the system in the direction of miscella flow is provided with a stripping tower in which vapor effluent from that effect countercurrently contacts feed to that effect. In application to the recovery of solvent from miscella obtained by the extraction of defatted seed material with an aqueous organic carbohydrate-selective solvent, pressure in the evaporation zone of one of the effects is maintained at atmospheric. Additionally, at least one of the effects other than said last effect may be provided with a rectification column.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a method for sterilizing psyllium seed husk without substantial swelling of the psyllium seed husk comprising contacting for 5 minutes or more said psyllium seed husk with a 15.degree.-50.degree. C solution of 0.2-10% by weight hydrogen peroxide in a solvent having 2-50 parts by volume water and 50-98 parts by volume isopropanol.

Abstract: An edible high-protein flour is produced by an improved process. Cottonseed meats are dried, and then comminuted in a wide chamber mill having certain specifications which prevent rupturing the pigment glands of the cottonseed. This improvement is correlated with liquid cyclone separation followed by solids recovery steps, thus comprising an improved process which consistently yields an edible cottonseed protein concentrate.

Abstract: A vapor desolventizing process for the removal of aqueous alcohol solvent residue in extracted soybean flakes by recycling vapor to the desolventizer having an alcohol content higher than that of the solvent retained by the extracted flakes to thereby preserve protein dispersibility of the extracted flakes.

Abstract: There is described a process and apparatus for treating oleaginous seed materials, such as soybean flakes with an extraction solvent, which includes an extraction zone, a desolventizing zone, and a miscella treating zone. In the extraction zone, the oleaginous seed material is subjected to concurrent contact with a carbohydrate-selective extraction solvent in a plurality of extraction vessels arranged in countercurrent fluid relationship therebetween with the expression of treated solids being effected after each extraction. The expressed solids from the last extracting vessel are passed to a desolventizing zone wherein residual solvent is vaporized by the respective indirect and direct contact with a heat transfer medium, such as steam, to produce a protein concentrate having a concentration (moisture free basis) of proteinaceous matter of at least about 70% by weight (6.25 times the total nitrogen content by the Kjeldahl method).

Abstract: Process for removing residual solvent from materials containing the same which involves extracting the material with liquid CO.sub.2, separating the phases, and evaporating CO.sub.2 from the treated material. For example, residual hexane can be removed from de-fatted soybeans by this procedure.

Abstract: A process for concentrating oilseed protein which comprises the steps of fine grinding and air-classifying the initial protein source and washing the ground protein source with water at a pH of about 4 to 6 or with a 20% to 80% by weight alcohol solution.

Abstract: Hexane and mixtures of hexane containing 2 to 25% acetic acid (v/v) were used to prepare oil and protein from glanded cottonseed by solvent extraction. As the amount of acetic acid in the solvent increased, the amounts of total lipid, phospholipid, neutral oil, and gossypol in each miscella increased, but the amount of free fatty acids did not change significantly. The solubility of the protein in 0.02N NaOH did not decrease until the amount of acetic acid in the solvent used to prepare each meal increased to a point between 4 and 10 percent. The drainage of the miscella (solvent-lipid solution) through the marc (insoluble residue) was much more rapid when the solvent was hexane-acetic acid than when it was hexane alone.

Abstract: Fat is removed from starch-containing vegetable material such as cereal grains, potatoes or tapioca by a process involving crushing the vegetable material, contacting the crushed material with a normally gaseous inert solvent under supercritical condition at a temperature of about 20.degree. to 100.degree.C and a pressure of about 30 to 1000 atmospheres to dissolve fat from the vegetable material into the solvent, separating the fat-containing solvent from the resultant substantially fat-free vegetable residue, and separating the dissolved fat from the solvent by raising the temperature and/or lowering the pressure to separate vaporized solvent from the fat. The vaporized solvent may be liquefied and recycled. The fat-free residue may be treated to dissolve away gluten, to form glucose by enzymatic hydrolysis and/or subjected to alcoholic fermentation.