Abstract: A puffed food dough and method for producing a puffed food product from the dough. The dough contains soybean protein, starch and dietary fiber in a ratio by weight of from 1:0.2 to 0.8:0.01 to 0.4, respectively, and from 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a vegetable foaming agent and from 150 to 300 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight in total of the soybean protein, starch, and dietary fiber. The dough does not contain a chemical leavening agent or yeast.

Abstract: Edible coating compositions containing a mixture of linear and branched polysaccharides, are provided, by a mixture of waxy and non-waxy starches. The coating composition contains waxy starch having an amylose content of no greater than about two percent by weight and non-waxy starch having an amylose content of greater than about five percent by weight. The weight ratio of said waxy starch to said non-waxy starch in the coating composition is preferably greater than about 8:1. The food products have a comestible core substantially surrounded by the coating compositions. Methods for forming food products are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention proposes the damping of grain, for example, by creating a rotating layer (20) in a damping chamber (2) with the help of acceleration rotors (3). For this, the cross-section of the rotation chamber is designed to form an outer boundary around two or, preferably, three acceleration rotors (3, 3', 3"). In this way, the rotating layer is forced into an eccentric and spiralling motion within the damping chamber (2). Damping is carried out in a very gentle manner, so that there occurs hardly any abrasion and no grain damage. Additional advantages include a longer and controllable reaction period during damping, optimized preparation for milling and a shorter, controllable tempering period.

Abstract: Parboiled rice, or a similar starch-containing product, is produced by moistening the rice in a preheating installation 1 and, thereafter, applying steam to heat the rice to boiling temperature. The rice is kept at the boiling temperature in a heat-retaining vessel 9 for cooking rice. Thereupon, the rice is dried in a drying installation 12 and cooled, if necessary.

Abstract: A heat expanded whole kernel corn snack food, and a process of making such a corn snack food is disclosed. The corn snack food is made by selecting a corn variety, drying corn kernels of the corn variety to less than about 20 wt. %, soaking the dried corn kernels in water to achieve a moisture content of above about 25 wt. %, separating the soaked corn kernels from the water, heating the soaked corn kernels in an edible oil to expand the kernel and cook the starches interior to effect desirable flavor and texture and then separating the expanded corn kernels from the oil. Seasonings may be added to the fried product.

Abstract: Palatable boiled and seasoned peanuts in the shell which can easily be split into two by pressing with fingertips are preferable as a relish for beer or other alcoholic beverages and as a snack per se. This peanut product can be produced by boiling and seasoning raw peanuts with shell including not more than 38% (on a dry matter basis) of lignin in its raw shell, so as to control the moisture content of the shell in said boiled and seasoned product to within the range of 10 to 55% and preferably, and so as to obtain an average lightness value (L) on the color-difference meter of not less than 40. More preferably, it is desirable that the moisture content in the seed becomes 15 to 41% (on a dry matter basis). The degree of the easiness in splitting by fingers can be determined by measuring the disruptive strength of the half shell by texturometer. The preferred texturometer unit for disruption of the half shell is 1 to 7 in the above boiled and seasoned peanuts with shell.

Abstract: Parboiled rice having the beneficial properties of parboiled rice, such as intact grain structure and texture, and having improved color vis-a-vis a typical parboiled rice, and further in the case of a brown rice starting material being substantially without the characteristic parboiled flavor and color, and methods of making same.

Abstract: A process for preparing a preserved rice product is disclosed. Here rice is treated at a pH of 4.5 or below with a polymeric acid food acceptable acid and placed in a microorganism-impermeable container.

Abstract: A stable rice product is disclosed which is acid-pasteurized. The rice is treated with a polymeric food acceptable acid to a pH of 4.5 and lacks an acid flavor. Alginic acid, pectic acid, carageenic acid and carboxymethylcellulose acid are indicated to be suitable acids.

Abstract: A flavorant product is prepared by heat-treating a first quantity of oilseeds for from 1 minute to 20 minutes at a temperature of from 220.degree. C. to 320.degree. C. and heat-treating a second quantity of oilseeds for from 1 minute to 40 minutes at a temperature of from 140.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. and then grinding and mixing the first and second heat-treated oilseeds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nut products which have at least a portion of their natural fat replaced with a low calorie fat-like material. This is achieved by partially defatting the nuts and then either contacting them or combining (i.e., mixing) them with a non-digestible or partially digestible triglyceride material which includes a triglyceride bearing one long chain fatty acid residue and two short chain fatty acid residues. The resulting nut products have the organoleptic character of full fat nut products but a much lower calorie content.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a foodstuff for human use comprising:selecting hard wheat grains according to their size,preheating the selected grains,moistening the preheated grains,keeping the moistened grains at rest for a period of time,cooking the grains,drying and cooling the cooked grains,hulling the grains,expanding the hulled grains,reconditioning the expanded grains to their initial water content, andrecovering the reconditioned grains in view of their domestic use as foodstuff.

Abstract: A method for preparing a puff snack comprises the steps of puffing an ingredient essentially consisting of a bean which may or may not have the husk and having a water content of 9 to 20% in an extruder at a die temperature ranging from 90.degree. to 150.degree. C. for the ingredient having a water content of 9 to 11%, 100.degree. to 210.degree. C. for the ingredient having a water content of more than 11% and not more than 15% or 160.degree. to 240.degree. C. for the ingredient having a water content of more than 15% and not more than 20% so that the degree of puffing falls within the range of from 3.0 to 28.0 times the volume of the bean to give a puffed product having a water content of not more than 7% by weight after drying or without carrying out drying and then applying fat and oil to the resulting puffed product.

Abstract: A comestible processing system includes equipment of components for receiving, soaking, draining and tempering food or feed material. Furthermore, infrared material processors are provided for energizing the material with energy in the infrared range. The retention vessel is provided for receiving the heated, energized material for retaining the same in a temperature-elevated condition. A cooler receives the heated material, cools it and flashes off steam therefrom. A processing method includes the steps performed on the material by the above components, and includes additional, optional steps of flaking, grinding and mixing/formulating the material in preparation for packaging same.

Abstract: The moisture content of green coffee is increased in the presence of a substantially inert gas atmosphere under a positive pressure to at least about 25% by weight based upon the weight of the moisturized beans. After moisturization, the moisturized beans are heated in the presence of a substantially inert gas atmosphere to a temperature sufficient and for a time sufficient for hydrolyzing and pryolyzing the beans while substantially avoiding charring the beans. The treated beans then are dried.

Abstract: A process for producing a novel cereal grain food product is disclosed. This novel food product is high in fiber and protein with a complex sugars coating that renders the product good-tasting and suitable for human consumption. This process involves the enzymatic conversion and removal of starch from the grain. The converted grain is separated from its liquor before the liquor is fermented to produce ethanol. The food product may be incorporated into baked goods, drinks, breakfast cereals and the like or eaten "as is.

Abstract: A process for the removal of agricultural chemicals from seed grain kernels. The process includes removal of chemicals adsorbed to the surface of the seed by abrasion and removal of chemicals absorbed into the seed by extraction with organic solvents. Removal of such chemicals to a level of less than 1.0 ppm is possible.

Abstract: A quick-cooking rice product is prepared by first cooking rice at substantially atmospheric pressure in an amount of water at least sufficient to hydrate the rice to a moisture content of from about 60% to 75% by weight and at a temperature of about 90.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. for from about 1 min to 10 mins for hydrating the rice to a moisture content of from about 30% to 60% by weight. The water cooked rice then is steam pressure cooked in water with agitation at a pressure of from about 250 mm Hg to about 2500 mm Hg above atmospheric pressure for from about 1 min to 50 mins for further hydrating and gelatinizing the rice for obtaining a cooked rice which has a moisture content of from about 60% to 75% by weight and which is about 85% to 100% gelatinized. After steam pressure cooking, the pressure is gradually released for avoiding puffing the cooked rice. The cooked rice then is dried at a temperature from about 140.degree. C. to 205.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for producing a novel cereal grain food product is disclosed. This novel food product is high in fiber and protein with an unsweet dextrin coating that renders the product good-tasting and suitable for human consumption. This process involves the enzymatic conversion and removal of starch from the grain. The converted grain is separated from its liquor before the liquor is fermented to produce ethanol. The food product may be incorporated into baked goods, drinks, breakfast cereals and the like or eaten "as is".

Abstract: The quality of Robusta coffee is increased by treating raw Robusta coffee beans whose water content has been increased to about 30% to 45% with steam at about 135.degree. C. to 140.degree. C. and at a pressure ranging from 3 bar to 4 bar approx. for 60 min to 120 min. This treatment particularly removes the substance responsible for the "earthy" and "musty" aroma note of Robusta coffee, namely the compound 2-methylisoborneol. After the treatment, the beans are processed and roasted in the customary way.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in flour, and pasta produced therefrom, wherein the flour is produced by milling of grains and legumes previously tempered in the presence of a reducing agent. The reducing agent can be, for example, sodium metabisulfite, organic acids, SO.sub.2, cysteine, thioglycolic acid, glutathione, or hydrogen sulfide. The presence of the reducing agent in the tempering solution produces an improvement in color retention of the resulting flour, and allows the shorts to separate from the semolina to be remilled to produce flour of color and quality acceptable for use in pasta production.

Abstract: A process is described to provide an improved instantized parboiled rice that maintains the texture, appearance and flavor characteristics of eating quality parboiled finished rice product.

Abstract: The moisture content of green coffee is increased in the presence of a substantially inert gas atmosphere under a positive pressure to at least about 25% by weight based upon the weight of the moisturized beans. After moisturization, the moisturized beans are heated in the presence of a substantially inert gas atmosphere to a temperature sufficient and for a time sufficient for hydrolyzing and pryolyzing the beans while substantially avoiding charring the beans. The treated beans then are dried.

Abstract: The moisture content of green coffee beans is increased to at least about 25% to 30% by weight based upon the weight of the moisturized beans. The moisturized beans then are heated in the presence of a substantially inert gas atmosphere under a positive pressure at a temperature sufficient and for a time sufficient for hydrolyzing and pyrolyzing the beans while substantially avoiding charring the beans. The treated beans then are dried.

Abstract: There is provided a method for preparing a roasted nut-like product from soy beans. Raw soy beans are deskinned and split in bean halves which are soaked at temperatures of 20.degree.-100.degree. C. for swelling. After being dewatered, the bean halves are subjected to fast drying and mildly roasting in hot air at temperatures of 160.degree.-350.degree. C. During the fast drying the bean halves are first subjected to a high temperature for fixing their outer skin to a high temperature, whereafter post-drying is performed at lower temperatures for removing the interior moisture.

Abstract: A simulated ground meat analog derived from sprouted whole grain kernels and the process for making it is disclosed. The sprouted grain kernels are soaked in water and sprouted until the cotyledons are approximately one half inch in length. The sprouted kernels are then ground and kneaded to a meat-like texture. Suitable meat-like flavors and nutritional supplements may then be added to produce a ground meat analog which closely resembles ground meat in taste, texture, and appearance.

Abstract: A method of and products resulting from treating soy grits to remove bitter flavor therefrom and to provide an instantaneously edible fluffy and neutral soy food product, by the use of a special combination of controlled scalding, soaking, heating and rinsing using only water treatment are disclosed. The debittered soy food product can be used immediately in recipes, or can be dried by heating followed by grinding to obtain a dry, debittered edible soy product of sandy or flour texture, depending upon the desired final use of the product. By adding water to the dried, debittered product, the reconstituted moist, fluffy soy product is ready for immediate use in a variety of recipes to provide a high protein, nutritious, soy food.

Abstract: A dried precooked rice product is prepared by cooking rice grains for obtaining a moisture content of from 55% to 75% by weight and then by drying the cooked rice grains at a temperature of from 140.degree. C. to 185.degree. C. in two stages, firstly under stationary conditions to a moisture content of from 20% to 35% and secondly under agitated conditions to a moisture content of from 3% to 15%, for providing a precooked dried rice produce having a bulk density of from 37 g/100 cm to 42 g/100 cm. 100 g of the rice product so produced is capable of absorbing from 195 g to 225 g of boiled hot water in 10 minutes rehydration in 500 g of boiled hot water.

Abstract: A process for impregnating a grain cereal with honey. The honey is added to the grain cereal under specified conditions of oven temperature, rate of air flow through the oven, residence time in the oven, and cooling. The process correlates the maximum amount of honey to be added to the grain cereal with the type of grain cereal used.

Abstract: An uncooked sunflower seed foodstuff is prepared from soaked, rinsed and sprouted raw, shelled sunflower seeds. The sprouted seeds by themselves, or with such nutritional or flavoring additives desired (such as raisins), are ground into a dough. This dough is formed into a flat shape and submitted to ambient or mildly heated air drying until thoroughly dried. The resultant product is palatable, filling, nutritious and life supporting.

Abstract: A process is described to provide an improved instantized parboiled rice that maintains the texture, appearance and flavor characteristics of eating quality parboiled finished rice product.

Abstract: Instant dehydrated purees of seeds of leguminous plant with retarded intestinal resorption in the form of flakes or granules are prepared by rehydrating dry seeds of the leguminous plants, cooking the rehydrated seeds, reducing the cooked seeds to a puree and drying the puree by carrying out these steps such that the cell walls of the seeds, particularly the cell walls of the cotyledon, are damaged as little as possible. To prepare the dehydrated puree, dry seeds are rehydrated by soaking and then the rehydrated seeds are cooked, reduced to puree and dried.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing gelatinized grain for food or food processing material without steaming or boiling. The present invention comprises adjusting the water content of the grain before puffing to 40% or less, puffing the grain at 100.degree. C., further adding water to the puffed grain, and then coarsely pulverizing the grain, thereby producing coarsely pulverized porous grain. According to the present invention, the coarsely pulverized porous grain having a good crispness as well as a homogeneous water absorption and easy handling, can be obtained.

Abstract: A method for improving the properties of particles of a starch hydrolyzate product made by the partial hydrolysis of cereal and root based starches. Particles of starting material are blended with a volatile liquid other than water, and the resulting blend is compacted in a roller compactor without extraneous lubricant, to form a sheet. The sheet is broken into small particles which are sieved and dried. The resulting particles are non-spherical, appear crystalline under a light microscope and have a surface topography comprising cracks, crevices and fissures. These particles have good solubility, a bulk density comparable to the starting material, and no flow or dusting problems.

Abstract: A process which comprises treatment of rice grains by contact with a non-aqueous media, organic liquid or liquified gas which is substantially inert to water and the rice grain being treated, permitting only the transfer of heat to effectuate desired food processing such as gelatinization, parboiling, cooking, frying, baking, roasting or the like, and a product made by that process.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for parboiling rough rice, which process includes: (1) soaking the rough rice; (2) subjecting the soaked rough rice to a first value of microwave energy to partially gelatinize the starch in the rice and raise its water content; (3) draining free water, if any, from the treated soaked rough rice; and (4) subjecting the drained rough rice from (3) to a second level of microwave energy to effect substantially complete gelatinization and to lower the rough rice water content.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for separating mycotoxin-contaminated grains, kernels, seeds and nuts, from uncontaminated whole grain seeds, whole or split kernel nuts and seeds to obtain a substantially uncontaminated supply source of these foods. The separate contaminated source can be further processed to lower the mycotoxin contamination. The process involves the separation of the mycotoxin or aflatoxin-containing materials by floating the aflatoxin-contaminated foods in a liquid having a specific gravity of from about 0.9 to about 1.2. A highly preferred process uses dynamic flotation.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a method for reducing pour-off in instant rice product by coating cooked rice prior to drying with instant rice fines, said instant rice fines having a granulation of -20 m+80 m and is applied in amounts up to 2% by weight of the instant rice.

Abstract: A method for dehydrating foods by the steps of subdividing the starting food to a suitable size, as by slicing or chopping; blanching the subdivided product in a blanching solution such as brine, acid, sugars; placing the material in a sealed vessel, and while pressurizing the vessel to an elevated pressure of about 1-4 atmospheres above normal, contacting the food pieces with a solution of a sugar adapted to extract moisture therefrom by osmotic action; after sufficient moisture is removed osmotically, rapidly decompressing the vessel to significantly below atmospheric pressure, contacting the decompressed food pieces with a heated liquid oil until the moisture content thereof is not more than about 3% but before the pieces undergo superficial degradation in flavor and color, removing such oil from the pieces to reduce their oil content to about 5-25% by weight, preferably by centrifugation, and cooling the same to room temperature.

Abstract: A free-flowing uniformly flavorant coated unpopped corn and method of preparation thereof wherein the unpopped corn is essentially oil and fat-free and retains a substantial amount of added salt and flavorant upon popping in a hot air popper comprising unpopped corn coated with an adherent flavoring consisting essentially of an edible adhesive, e.g. gelatin, an edible salt and optional colorants and flavors.

Abstract: A process for producing a bean cake which comprises feeding whole or hulled grains of beans to a twin-screw extruder, extruding the beans through the twin-screw extruder at a temperature in the range of 90.degree. to 250.degree. C. to form a cake, and while extruding, adjusting the moisture content of the beans to be treated to the range of 8 to 50 weight percent and swelling the starch component while texturizing the protein component of the beans.

Abstract: Legumes, such as beans, are hydrated, and cooked to form a mash prior to forming the resultant mixture into shapes suitable for dehydration to a storage-stable moisture content. The dehydrated bean product has a bulk density greater than about 0.28 gm/cc, and a rehydration ratio within the range of 1.75 to 3.75:1.0, and is capable of substantially uniform reconstitution which does not require physical agitation. The hydrated product is particularly suitable for the preparation of refried beans.

Abstract: Wholegrain bakery products such as bread or biscuits which incorporate whole grains of cereal such as wheat or rye are made by using heat-treated microporous grain. This avoids extensive pre-soaking required for hydrating natural untreated grain.

Abstract: There is presented a highly reliable resin encapsulation type semiconductor device excellent in humidity resistance as well as high temperature electrical characteristics. The specific feature consists in the epoxy resin composition employed for encapsulation. This composition comprises an epoxy resin, a novolac resin as curing agent and an organic tertiary phosphine compound as curing accelerator. The resin encapsulation type semiconductor device is markedly small in leak current under hot and humid conditions and has a prolonged life due to difficult deterioration through corrosion of electrodes and aluminum wiring, as compared with those of prior art.

Abstract: During the kilning of germinated barley in the course of a malting operation nitrosamines are usually formed and ultimately these end up in beer obtained from such malt. It has been found that such formation of nitrosamines can be suppressed even in the absence of sulphur dioxide when the germinated barley is treated with a solution or dispersion of saccharides before it is kilned.

Abstract: Beans are soaked and ground to form a mush (go), and the mush is heated and powderized. A thickening agent having a gelatinizing property is mixed with the powder. The tofu is prepared by mixing the powder with water and an additional amount of gelatinizing material.

Abstract: A process for producing dried bean powder which is instantly reconstitutable with water to form a product having the flavor, color and texture of conventional refried beans. The dried bean powder contains a major proportion of finely divided cooked bean particles and an appreciable quantity of larger size cooked bean skin particulate which provides the reconstituted product with a texture typical of refried beans. In the production of this product, raw beans are blanched in hot water to hydrate the beans, and the hydrated beans and blanch water are cooked under pressure in a suitable pressure cooker. Upon completion of cooking, the beans and water, which are under relatively high pressures and temperatures in the pressure cooker, are discharged from the cooker into a container at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure to provide an almost instantaneous release of pressure on the cooked beans.

Abstract: A process for dehydrating vegetables comprises first comminuting whole, uncooked vegetables to produce a puree. By passing the puree through a first-stage finishing step, and a second-stage finishing step having a finer screen size than the first stage, a puree substantially free from hardened vegetable particles is obtained. The puree may be dried by a variety of techniques to obtain a dehydrated product which, when reconstituted, displays a particularly smooth texture.

Abstract: A process for the continuous roasting of liquid cocoa paste from raw, shelled, predried, broken and crushed cocoa beans, whereby the liquid cocoa paste for roasting is applied continuously as a thin layer onto a surface over which the paste runs, the paste being rinsed with a gas flowing in countercurrent. Heat is generated in the thin layer of paste by shearing and friction forces and the paste is constantly partially lifted out of the layer and sprayed back again into the layer, to which gas in the form of hot air is supplied in countercurrent along and through the respraying region, whereby the paste is brought to roasting temperature in a first phase and then kept at roasting temperature in a second phase and the temperature of the paste is lowered in a final phase.

Abstract: A textured soybean product is produced from full-fat soybean by hydrating whole soybean by treatment with a dilute alkaline solution; mixing the hydrated soybean with full-fat soy flour and equilibrating the moisture content thereof; and passing the mixture through an extrusion cooker. The textured product has excellent flavor, color, and appearance, and can be formulated into an all-vegetable ground meat analogue or it can be used as an extender in blends with ground meat.