Abstract: A novel fat-blend for low trans filling fat compositions or for wrapper margarine that upon use do not display posthardening comprise: SUS, SSU and SU.sub.2 -triglyceriden, wherein:i) the transcontent <5%ii) SUS/SSU-wt ratio <2iii) SUS <34 wt %iv) SU.sub.2 <55 wt %S=saturated fatty acid 16-18 C-atoms U=mono/diunsaturated fatty acid with 18 C-atoms.

Abstract: A processs for the preparation of a reduced fat milk chocolate which comprises preparing a powdered premix of substantially all the non-fat ingredients, adding up to 96% of the fat containing ingredients to the powdered premix and mixing to give a mass containing from 18 to 24% by weight fat based on the total weight of the mass, refining the mass on refining rollers to give a particle size of from 25 to 35 microns, adding the remainder of the fat containing ingredients and lecithin, conching, tempering to give a reduced fat milk chocolate containing less than 27% by weight of fat.

Abstract: A process for preparing chocolate or a fat containing confectionery material which comprises incorporating from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of a silicon dioxide into the chocolate or a fat containing confectionery material during its preparation.

Abstract: A process for the production of a compound liquor suitable for making compound coatings and alternatives to chocolate which comprises mixing a cocoa powder which has been obtained from cocoa beans without any roasting treatment with a confectionery fat and roasting the mixture of cocoa powder and confectionery fat to produce the compound liquor.

Abstract: Process for treating a cocoa nib or liquor, in which a nib or a liquor is prepared from cocoa beans fermented for 1 to 15 days, it is mixed with at least one technical protease in an aqueous medium at pH 3-8, and the mixture is incubated for a time and at a temperature sufficient to obtain at least 10 .mu.mol of hydrophobic amino acids per gram of dry matter and at least 1.4 times more hydrolysis products, compared with those initially present in the cocoa beans. Composition comprising a nib or a liquor from cocoa beans fermented for about 1 to 15 days, and a technical protease and/or a technical invertase. Cocoa obtained by roasting the composition according to the invention.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a chocolate composition reduced in fat and calories, which either contains sugar or is free of added sugar, and which has the taste and mouthfeel of traditional chocolate. The process involves developing the chocolate flavour during a normal chocolate-making procedure up to and including conching, and then removing some of the fat, e.g. by means of a cocoa liquor press.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing the solidification rate of a fat-based confection and to a fat-based confection product wherein the improvement comprises 0.1 to 2.0% insoluble fiber by weight effective for increasing the rate of solidification of the product.

Abstract: A substance, particularly a cleaning substance, is to be introduced into a conching machine. This is done either by spraying the substance into the conching trough and/or by circulating a cleaning substance into and out of the conching trough so that a substantially homogenous distribution of the substance is achieved and/or a minimum amount of the cleaning substance is necessary.

Abstract: Compositions containing cocoa, sweetener, a combination of food-grade enzymes, and optionally chocolate liquor are described. The compositions provide a cocoa/chocolate liquor flavored syrup having a high concentration of the flavoring, in part due to the substantially higher usage of cocoa and liquor than previous syrups. Additionally, the compositions have excellent flow properties for use in beverages and confections, while further having a low water activity which leads to a longer and more commercially useful shelf life. Some compositions will also contain an acidulant, a mold inhibitor, and vanilla flavor.

Abstract: A method for removal of selected substances from carbonaceous material by use of a solvent is provided comprising: (a) introducing the carbonaceous material containing the selected substances into an extraction zone to form a bed; (b) introducing a gas which at a given pressure liquifies at a higher temperature than the solvent, the introduction being made under a pressure and at a temperature to cause the temperature and pressure of the extraction zone to be sufficient to cause the solvent to liquify when the solvent is introduced to the extraction zone; (c) introducing into the extraction zone the solvent capable of extracting the selected substance; (d) passing the solvent through the bed of carbonaceous material to extract the substances from the material; (e) removing the resulting substance/solvent mixture from the extraction zone to a separation zone under conditions which will maintain the solvent in liquid form as it is passed through the bed of carbonaceous material and out of the extraction zone to

Abstract: A process to extract natural aromas from natural substances containing fat and oil with compressed gases, wherein the natural substances are extracted in two steps in which in the first step liquid propane and/or butane at a temperature of .ltoreq.70.degree. C. and at a pressure of <500 bar and in the subsequent second step compressed carbon dioxide at a temperature of .ltoreq.50.degree. C. and at pressures between 70 and 500 bar are used as extraction agents.

Abstract: Nutritional iron compositions comprising bioavailable sources of iron selected from ferrous fumarate and ferrous succinate where the iron source is preferably spread on the surface of a lecithin coated edible carrier such as sucrose. These nutritional iron compositions are particularly useful in food and beverage products such as chocolate flavored edible mixes, especially chocolate flavored beverages, that are additionally fortified with other minerals and vitamins, especially multi-mineral and vitamin combinations involving, iodine, vitamin A, vitamin C, riboflavin, and folic acid to avoid developing an undesirable color, off-flavor, astringency, particularly when the edible and/or beverage mix is reconstituted with water or milk.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a means of enhancing the cocoa flavor to a fat matrix by adding thereto about 0.3 g to about 4.0 g phenylalanine, 0.75 g to about 2.0 g leucine, and about 0.5 g to about 3.0 g reducing sugar and optionally about 0.05 g to about 0.8 g alanine for each 100 g of unroasted fat matrix and roasting the same, and to the products produced therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an amorphous crystalline chocolate flavored hard candy confection utilizing air-jet milled cocoa powder in which the particles thereof are less than about 15 microns in size and generally have rounded edges to achieve a desirable smooth texture and to the process of preparing the same.

Abstract: A raw material cacao for chocolate may be improved and enriched in its aroma, thereby providing a chocolate whose consumption results in increased mental concentration, and which has an improved cacao aroma and reduced sweetness. The chocolate of the invention is produced by using the improved and enriched cacao nibs produced by an alkali-treatment of cacao beans. The process for producing the chocolate using cacao nibs of improved and enriched aroma comprises removing shells and germs from raw or semi-roasted cacao beans to prepare cacao nibs, adding an alkali thereto and stirring for reaction thereof with the alkali, subsequently drying and roasting the same and finally grinding and pulverizing the alkali-treated cacao nibs to prepare a cacao mass to be used for producing the chocolate in the conventional way. The alkali is preferably calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: Milk chocolate may be prepared from a chocolate crumb, or other milk and sugar precursor component, by which the required amount of dried milk solids are provided for subsequent processing, together with at least some sugar. Molasses or brown sugar is hydrated with milk, dried, and further processed by addition of the balance of sugar, fats, cocoa butter, and cocoa liquor if used; and the product is then set aside for subsequent pasting and conching operations which are typically used in the production of milk chocolate.

Abstract: A process and a system for combining and physically working chocolate-making ingredients are provided. A variable frequency drive controls the motor of a conching device to increase the efficiency by which energy is imparted to chocolate ingredients during conching. This automatic variable speed approach permits the power to be maintained at a relatively constant and maximum rate, with the speed being determined by the consistency of the ingredients themselves. Feedback associated with the automatic speed variation can be used in order to reduce conching times and vary the quantity of certain ingredients and the timing of and location of their introduction. By the invention, it is possible to standardize the chocolate product during the conching operation and thereby avoid a post-conching standardization procedure with respect to characteristics such as viscosity and fat content.

Abstract: This invention pertains to protein compositions having reduced-hygroscopic properties which comprise a homogeneous premixture of (a) a hygroscopic protein and (b) an effective amount of a protein complexing agent to reduce the hygroscopic properties of the protein. The reduced-hygroscopic protein compositions may be used directly or may be incorporated in effective amounts into edible carriers to provide a wide variety of edible compositions. This invention also pertains to methods for preparing these improved protein compositions and the edible compositions in which they may be employed.

Abstract: A conching step for the production of chocolate is described and is carried out by means of a turbomixer which arranges the previously refined chocolate paste in a thin, dynamic layer which flows in contact and in a heat-exchange relationship with an internal wall of the turbomixer.

Abstract: An edible composition, specifically to a nut spread which is equivalent in its sensory properties to the normal nut spread. The spread contains no sugar and considerably less fat and a method for obtaining the sugarless nut spread.

Abstract: A chocolate component containing food, and a method for preparing the same, characterized as an oil-in-water emulsion and a non-fluidized state at 5.degree. C. containing 5-50 wt % of fat-free cacao, 10-44 wt % of oils, fats, or combination thereof, 0.5-20 wt % of non-fat milk solid, 10-50 wt % water and 0.05-1 wt % of polyglycerol fatty acid ester having an HLB value of not less than 8 as an emulsifier, and having an emulsion particle diameter in accordance with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device of less than 7 .mu.m in median diameter, and said food being in a non-fluidized state at 5.degree. C. This food does not experience oil separation even if repeatedly melted, and has good workability.

Abstract: A process of preparing mineral-enriched cacao-nibs for improving the utilization of mineral, by adding an aqueous solution containing at least one mineral to cacao-nibs obtained by treating raw or semi-roasted cacao beans with a winnower to remove shells and germs, reacting the cacao-nibs with the added mineral under heat and pressure conditions, followed by drying and roasting the resulting cacao-nibs.

Abstract: A composition that is a composite of cellulose and a surfactant. The composite is made by the process of coprocessing the cellulose with a surfactant. The composite can be used as a bulking agent in low-moisture or in oil phase compositions, and is especially useful in reduced-calorie foods.

Abstract: Raw cacao beans are heated in hot water or water vapor containing an acidic, alkaline or alcoholic substance without being subjected to fermentation or after being slightly fermented, whereby enzymes contained in the beans are inactivated, or microorganisms present on the beans are destroyed, nibs of the beans being thereby prevented from undergoing a color change.This method enables production of white cacao nibs, and it is thus possible to prepare white chocolates and other varieties of food having good flavor and taste by using such cacao nibs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing cocoa extract which involves the extraction of cocoa with water and the separation of aqueous extract and extracted cocoa, the starting material used being broken cocoa seeds which are extracted with water in a static fixed bed at a temperature of between 40.degree. C. and 100.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a low-calorie chocolate containing:fat, preferably derived from cocoa,a sweetening mass,at least one emulsifier,and, optionally, desiccated defatted cocoa and/or a pulverulent milky product or a derivative thereof,characterized in that it has a total fat content of less than 32% by weight, preferably less than 31% by weight and still more preferably less than 29% by weight relative to all of the abovementioned ingredients, and in that the sweetening mass is based on at least one product chosen from the group consisting of crystallized maltitol of high purity, lactitol, hydrogenated isomaltulose and low-calorie saccharide polymers.

Abstract: Fat in a confectionary chip is reduced to below about 10% by using a low-fat insoluble, non-gummy food material and 40-70% small particle sugar (less than 100 microns) in combination with about 13% moisture. The sugar to non-gummy food material ratio must be between 2:1 and 4:1 and the moisture between about 10% to about 15%. Hydrated food ingredients are added to retain at least some of the moisture in the bound state. Other ingredients which may be added to the formulation include syrups, milk solids and starch. The chips can be made by simply blending the dry ingredients and adding the moisture to form a dough in the form of a dry, crumbly paste. The dough is mixed or worked up well and then formed into the desired shape. The shape is then cut into pieces similar to chocolate chips.

Abstract: Fresh cocoa beans to be fermented are treated by removing and separating the pulp content from the beans in an amount of from 10% to 30% by weight based upon the weight of the fresh beans. The pulp content may be removed and separated from the fresh means by passing the fresh beans dynamically through a depulper apparatus, which may be followed by drying of the depulped beans, or with a hydraulic press followed by drying of the pressed beans, or with a combination of a press and a depulper apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a soluble cocoa product. Cocoa powder is subjected to an extraction with alcohol, particularly with ethanol, and from the residue a water extract is prepared. This water extract is concentrated and as a soluble cocoa product it can be put to many uses as basic substance for beverages, confectionary, ice-cream, pastries etc.

Abstract: A chocolate composition comprising from 5 to 70% by weight, based on the total fats of the chocolate, of a triglyceride (SLS) having saturated fatty acid residues at the .alpha.-positions and a linoleic acid residue at the .beta.-position.

Abstract: Compositions for preparing cocoa beverages are prepared by mixing cocoa powder, non-fat milk solids, malto-dextrin, an emulsifier and an artificial sweetener to make a mixture which then is ground to disperse the emulsifier and to reduce lumps. The ground mixture then is agglomerated and after a resting period of up to 120 seconds, the agglomerates are dried.

Abstract: Chocolate-flavored morsels essentially free of fat and a method for their preparation are provided. The morsels are manufactured by first preparing a mixture comprised of a major amount by weight of an aqueous syrup comprised of a crystallizable saccharide, said aqueous syrup being supersaturated with respect to said crystallizable saccharide, a minor amount by weight of defatted cocoa powder, a minor amount by weight of said crystallizable saccharide in crystalline form, and a minor amount by weight of an instant starch having a cold-water solubility of greater than 50 weight percent (and preferably a fat content of less than 0.25 weight percent), the amount of water in said aqueous syrup being insufficient to dissolve a major portion of said minor amount of instant starch.

Abstract: A process for extracting cocoa butter and cake from cocoa beans comprises cleaning a predetermined volume of cocoa beans by multiple screening and gravity separation. Subjecting the cleaned beans to heat and subsequently to cooling for a predetermined length of time to reduce the natural moisture trapped in the beans and concomitantly loosen affixed shell or hull particles surrounding the beans inner portion or nib. Passing the heated and cooled beans through a sizing station to divided the beans into different groups according to their size. Fracturing the cocoa beans along the natural fracture line of the beans inner portions or nib by passing each size group of beans in a controlled manner through centrifugal shattering unit. Separating the fractured nib and affixed hull fragments from each other. Preheating the fractured nib particles to a predetermined temperature. Compressing the preheated nib particles to extract unfiltered cocoa butter and cocoa cake.

Abstract: A product and process is provided for producing a lower density milk chocolate composition, substantially free of sucrose and having the taste and mouthfeel of a traditional milk chocolate. Here the milk chocolate composition is aerated with an inert gas under a pressure of about 1.2 about 8 bar at temperature of 27.degree. C. to about 45.degree. C.

Abstract: There is disclosed a synthetic non-chocolate flavored chewing gum base which is substantially free of natural gum products, as well as a method of making such a gum base. The gum base includes between about 10 and about 30 percent of a synthetic elastomer, between about 20 and about 70 percent of a synthetic resin, and between about 0.3 and about 2.4 percent cocoa powder. In accordance with the present invention, the cocoa powder has a fat content of less than about 1 percent.

Abstract: Fat (cocoa butter) in a chocolate chip is reduced to below about 10% by using an aqueous sugar paste containing microparticles of cocoa dispersed in the paste. The colloid-like cocoa paste has improved food modifying properties of intense chocolate flavor similar to "conched" chocolate, fat-like mouthfeel, thickener, viscosity control and stability. The hydrated microparticles of cocoa in the paste have a particle size of about 0.1 to about 20 microns, preferably about 0.1 to about 10 microns, and an average mean particle size of about 2 to about 7 microns. The hydrated microparticles of cocoa are dispersed uniformly throughout the aqueous sugar paste. The paste has an Aw (water activity) of about 0.80 to about 0.90.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods of making an aqueous sugar dispersion of microparticalized cocoa, used to modify chocolate products such as low-fat icings, frostings, among other products.

Abstract: A chewing gum base is provided which has a high fat and oil content for improved non-tack properties, and which contains a minor amount of low fat cocoa powder having no more than about 1.0 weight per cent fat content. Minor amounts of low fat cocoa powder constituting about 0.3 to about 2.4 weight per cent of the gum base, significantly reduce or eliminate the fat and oil tastes resulting from the inclusion of up to about 50 weight per cent fat and oil containing substances. An improved chewing gum is also provided which has a higher quality taste and which contains the gum base of the invention.

Abstract: Chocolate is ground in order to obtain a very small average particle size. A determined viscosity is necessary for further processing. In order to keep as small as possible the fraction with particle size lying above the desired value and having an adverse effect on the taste of the final product, according to the invention the process mass is circulated in a cycle incorporating a grinding device and a ball mill. This has the result of accelerating the grinding process and reducing the inconsistency in the distribution of the particle size.

Abstract: This invention concerns a heat-resistant or thermally robust chocolate and method for making same. The inventive method provides a means of adding moisture to chocolate through use of lipid microstructure technology such as reverse micelle technology to form a stable water-in-oil emulsion, for example, hydrated lecithin. The stable water-in-oil emulsion is added to tempered chocolate during processing, and upon aging and stabilization, thermal robustness develops in the chocolate product. The heat-resistant chocolate of the instant invention is suitable for use in the same manner and for the same purposes for which ordinary chocolate is used. The invention provides a heat-resistant chocolate product having the desired taste, texture, mouth feel and other characteristics of ordinary chocolate.

Abstract: A reduced calorie, low acid (pH greater than 4.6) dessert topping having a water activity of less than 0.84 and comprising a blend of carrageenan gum, (with gelling and viscosity control) powdered cellulose bulking agent, a non-heat thinning gum cellulose bulking agent, high fructose corn syrup, a humectant and certain trace food additive amounts less than about 0.5%.

Abstract: A process for producing water-containing chocolate by admixing a chocolate mix subjected to rolling and conching according to the conventional method and an aqueous ingredient in the presence of a nut paste, or sugar fatty ester having a low HLB such as 1 to 3 the main constituent fatty acid of which is that having 20 to 26 carbon atoms to emulsify the mixture into a water-in-oil type one is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for making brown, red, dark red or black cocoa from natural cocoa powder using spray drying, short cocking times, low pressures and temperature.

Abstract: Compositions, suitable for chocolate filling, comprising a water in hard fat emulsion, wherein the particle size of the dispersed water phase is at most 50 .mu.m, are obtained by a process in which a melt of the hard fat is dispersed in an aqueous phase, after which a phase inversion is effected and the water in hard fat emulsion is obtained.

Abstract: In an improved process for producing food products, such as confections, including milk and dark chocolate, a crystalline saccharide such as sucrose, and a fat such as cocoa butter, are blended with a minor amount of water. The blend is refined, such as by passing it through the nip of at least one pair of refining rolls, to produce particles having a size less than about 50 micrometers. The minor amount of water is effective to dissolve saccharide particles having a size less than about five micrometers. Subsequently, the refined product can be heated and agitated to evaporate the minor amount of water. The resulting semi-processed food ingredient is useful for producing food products having improved viscosity characteristics.

Abstract: The invention concerns with fractions of cocoa butter, with specific N-profiles, which can be obtained by solvent fractionation of cocoa butter. The olein fraction and the stearin fraction to be obtained, can be blended with either natural cocoa butter, and/or butter fat and/or cocoa butter extender fat. The products can be used a.o. as chocolate filling, or as chocolate coating for frozen products.

Abstract: To produce a powder for milk chocolate having a high percentage content of free fats, milk, cocoa mass and sugar are mixed, a fatty phase, an aqueous phase and a residue are separated by centrifugation, the residue is incorporated in the aqueous phase and the dispersion obtained is concentrated and seeded with lactose, the fatty phase pasteurized and homogenized at elevated temperature is added and the mixture is sprayed cold under high pressure into a drying tower through which a stream of very hot air is passed.The powder obtained has a pure cocoa aroma and a milk note. Its rheological properties facilitate its processing to chocolate.

Abstract: A fat bloom inhibitor from an aromatic, alkyl or alkenyl dialcohol and having a chain length of 4 to 22 carbon atoms substantially reduces the tendency of white or grey deposits on the surface of chocolate, hard butters, compound coatings and fat based compositions for extended periods of time. The products containing the fat bloom inhibitors further exhibit a prolonged gloss appearance which would otherwise become dull and hazy. The fat bloom inhibitors are intimately mixed throughout the fat composition and are selected from aliphatic and aromatic dialcohol. The preferred diols are the lower alkyl or alkenyl diols such as 1,6-hexanediol. Further, suitable dialcohols may include a hydroxyl or amino group or an ether, ester or amine linkage.

Abstract: A deep red or black dutched cocoa is produced by alkalizing cocoa presscake at between 150.degree. to 300.degree. F., 10 to 200 p.s.i. and 5 to 180 minutes. During the alkalization reaction, the reaction vessel is partially vented and an oxygen-containing gas is fed to the reaction vessel to maintain pressure and effect headspace changes at the rate of at least 3 per hour.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting sordes formation is adapted for application to the oral cavity and contains an amount of isolated cacao husk extract effective to inhibit sordes formation. The cacao husk extract is extracted from cacao husks with a polar solvent. It has been found that the composition according to the invention inhibits glucosyltransferase activity, and thereby inhibits glucan synthesis. The composition may take the form of chocolates, stick gum, candy, biscuits, chocolate milk or ice cream incorporating the extract, or the extract may also be formulated as a tablet, toothpaste or mouthwash.