Abstract: A metal contact of a residential circuit breaker with ordered ceramic microparticles is provided. The metal contact comprises an electrical contact material comprising a metal alloy and ceramic particles to form a metal matrix composite material. Both materials the metal alloy and the ceramic particles are present together as a metal compound but without forming an alloy. The metal compound is a matrix and reinforcement being the ceramic particles such that first the ceramic particles has a sintering step to get a homogeneous preform for the metal compound being porous with a controlled size obtained by pressing a particle size of about few micrometers of the ceramic particles and then a liquid metal infiltration step to provide a homogenous distribution of the metal alloy and the ceramic particles in a three-dimensional open porous arrangement and the homogenous distribution results in ordered microstructures.

Abstract: Apparatus for transferring conductive patterns to a substrate (56), comprising a module (52) configured to transfer a pattern (63) of sinterable material (63a) to said substrate (56) and an optical module (12) to perform a sintering of the transferred pattern (63a). Said apparatus comprises one or more self-propelled pattern transferring units (52) comprising a module configured to move said self-propelled unit (14, 20) over said substrate (56) under the control of movement instructions (53b) associated to a motor (16, 21), said self-propelled unit (14, 20) comprising said module (52) configured to transfer a pattern (63a) of sinterable material (CI) to said substrate (56) obtaining a transferred pattern (63a) and comprising also said optical module (12) to perform a sintering of the transferred pattern (63a) on said substrate (56) obtaining a sintered pattern (63b, 63c).

Abstract: A method for preparing microsensors (e.g., microelectrodes) suitable for use in electrophysiology and electrochemistry studies in vitro and in vivo is described. The method can involve preparing a polymeric resin-insulated electron conducting fiber using a 3D printed mold comprising one or more channels, wherein each of the channels includes a tapered section. An electron conducting fiber partially enclosed within a metal or glass support can be laid in a channel; and a polymeric resin can be poured into the channel and cured, providing a polymer-insulated electron conducting fiber having a tapered section in proximity to a polymer-free electroactive tip area. For example, the method can be used to provide a polyimide-insulated carbon fiber microsensor. The mold can be used for the batch fabrication of the microsensors. The microsensors themselves, the molds for making the microsensors, and methods of using the microsensors are also described.

Abstract: Low temperature processes for converting mixtures of metal inks into alloys. The alloys can be dealloyed by etching. A method comprising: depositing at least one precursor composition on at least one substrate to form at least one deposited structure, wherein the precursor composition comprises at least two metal complexes, including at least one first metal complex comprising at least one first metal and at least one second metal complex different from the first metal complex and comprising at least one second metal different from the first metal, treating the deposited structure so that the first metal and the second metal become elemental forms of the first metal and the second metal in a treated structure. Further, one can remove at least some of the first metal to leave a nanoporous material comprising at least the second metal. Precursor compositions can be formulated to be homogeneous compositions.

Abstract: A chromaticity of zinc oxide is measured. The durability of a zinc oxide varistor is evaluated based on the chromaticity. This provides a varistor with a high durability stably.

Abstract: A method for making a conductive network of sintered silver comprises preparing a conductive ink comprising a silver compound and a binder; depositing the conductive ink on a substrate and applying an external energy source to the deposited conductive ink to dry the ink; and applying an external energy source to the dried ink to decompose the ink to elemental silver and to sinter the elemental silver into a conductive network.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming a metal pattern on a pattern formation section set in a part or the whole of a region on a base material, the base material including a fluorine-containing resin layer on a surface including at least the pattern formation section, the method including the step of: forming a functional group on a pattern formation section of the fluorine-containing resin layer by a treatment such as ultraviolet-ray irradiation, then applying to the surface of the base material a metal fine particle dispersion liquid in which metal fine particles protected by an amine compound as a first protective agent and a fatty acid as a second protective agent are dispersed in a solvent, and fixing the metal fine particles on the pattern formation section.

Abstract: A method of direct oxide reduction includes forming a molten salt electrolyte in an electrochemical cell, disposing at least one metal oxide in the electrochemical cell, disposing a counter electrode comprising a material selected from the group consisting of osmium, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold, lithium iridate, lithium ruthenate, a lithium rhodate, a lithium tin oxygen compound, a lithium manganese compound, strontium ruthenium ternary compounds, calcium iridate, strontium iridate, calcium platinate, strontium platinate, magnesium ruthenate, magnesium iridate, sodium ruthenate, sodium iridate, potassium iridate, and potassium ruthenate in the electrochemical cell, and applying a current between the counter electrode and the at least one metal oxide to reduce the at least one metal oxide. Related methods of direct oxide reduction and related electrochemical cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid immersion cooling system can include a tank having an upward facing opening at a top portion of the tank. A mounting mechanism fixes one or more electronic components to an interior of the tank. A bus bar assembly is located at the top portion of the tank, the bus bar assembly having a shield that covers one or more bus bars of the bus bar assembly from above. Power terminals of each of the one or more electronic components engage with the one or more bus bars of the bus bar assembly from below.

Abstract: In various embodiments, photovoltaic modules are hermetically sealed by providing a first glass sheet, a photovoltaic device disposed on the first glass sheet, and a second glass sheet, a gap being defined between the first and second glass sheets, disposing a glass powder within the gap, and heating the powder to seal the glass sheets.

Abstract: An electrode for electrolysis includes a conductive substrate, a first layer formed on the conductive substrate, and a second layer formed on the first layer. The first layer contains at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, and titanium oxide. The second layer contains an alloy of platinum and palladium. The electrode for electrolysis shows low overvoltage and has excellent durability over a long period.

Abstract: In a fine silver particle dispersing solution wherein 30 to 75% by weight of fine silver particles, which are coated with an organic acid having a carbon number of 5 to 8 or a derivative thereof and which have an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, are dispersed in a water-based dispersion medium which is a solvent containing water as a main component, the fine silver particle dispersing solution containing ammonia and nitric acid, there is added 0.15 to 0.6% by weight of a surface regulating agent, which preferably contains a polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or a polyether, or 0.005 to 0.6% by weight of an antifoaming agent which is preferably a silicone antifoaming agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of preparing an alloy catalyst for fuel cells, which is suitable for mass production and can reduce manufacturing costs. The method includes vaporizing at least two catalyst precursors in separate vaporizers; supplying the at least two vaporized catalyst precursors to a reactor while preventing contact therebetween; and synthesizing an alloy catalyst in the reactor. The method can prepare an alloy catalyst through a one-step process unlike typical multi-step methods for preparing catalysts, and can prepare an alloy catalyst at a much lower temperature than the typical methods for preparing alloys, thereby enabling mass production and cost reduction.

Abstract: A thick film paste comprising at least one particulate platinum (alloy), at least one metal compound, and an organic vehicle, wherein the at least one metal compound is selected from the group consisting of in each case particulate NiO, SiO2, RuO2, Rh2O3, IrO2, Cu2O, CuO, TiO2, ZrO2, PbO, SnO2, CeO2, Al2O3, MgO, MnO2 and MoO2, and metal compounds capable of forming a metal oxide on firing, the metal oxide being selected from the group consisting of NiO, SiO2, RuO2, Rh2O3, IrO2, Cu2O, CuO, TiO2, ZrO2, PbO, SnO2, CeO2, Al2O3, MgO, MnO2 and MoO2.

Abstract: Methods for laser additive manufacture are disclosed in which a plurality of powder layers (48, 50 and 52) are delivered onto a working surface (54A) to form a multi-powder deposit containing at least two adjacent powders layers in contact, and then applying a first laser energy (74) to a first powder layer (48) and a second laser energy (76) to a second powder layer (52) to form a section plane of a multi-material component. The multi-powder deposit may include a flux composition that provides at least one protective feature. The shapes, intensities and trajectories of the first and second laser energies may be independently controlled such that their widths are less than or equal to widths of the first and second powder layers, their intensities are tailored to the compositions of the powder layers, and their scan paths define the final shape of the multi-material component.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a wiring board, including the steps of: preparing an insulating layer 1a including a cavity formation region X, and a separable metallic foil M formed of first and second metallic foils M1 and M2; allowing the separable metallic foil M to adhere to at least a lower face side of the insulating layer 1a with the first metallic foil M1 serving as an adhering surface; forming a cavity 2 by digging the insulating layer 1a and the separable metallic foil M in a cavity formation region X from an upper surface side of the insulating layer 1a to a depth that does not penetrate the second metallic foil M2; inserting an electronic component D into the cavity 2, and fixing the electronic component D by a fixing resin J; and peeling off the second metallic foil M2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preparing solar cell electrodes including: a silver (Ag) powder; a glass frit containing about 0.1 mole % to about 50 mole % of elemental silver; and an organic vehicle, the composition introduces a glass frit including a silver cyanate or a silver nitrate to enhance contact efficiency between an electrode and a wafer, and solar cell electrodes prepared from the composition have minimized contact resistance (Rc) and serial resistance (Rs), thereby exhibiting excellent conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A method of forming a light-emitting device comprises: forming patterned portions of precursor material over a substrate, the edges of the patterned portions defining sidewalls; performing a shaping control process on the patterned portions of precursor material to control the sidewall profile to reduce the angle the sidewalls of the precursor material make with the substrate to less than 15 degrees; selectively applying from solution a conductive coating onto the portions of shaped precursor material so as to form a plurality of first conducting contacts such that an upper surface of said conductive coating follows the sidewall profile of the precursor material; forming a light-emitting layer over the conductive contacts and substrate, and forming a plurality of second conducting contacts over the light-emitting layer. The precursor material may comprises an activator catalyst and the conductive coating comprises a metal selectively applied to the shaped precursor material by electroless plating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to composite materials with a high dielectric constant and high dielectric strength and to methods of producing the composite materials. The composite materials have high dielectric constants at a range of high frequencies and possess robust mechanical properties and strengths, such that they may be machined to a variety of configurations. The composite materials also have high dielectric strengths for operation in high power and high energy density systems. In one embodiment, the composite material is composed of a trimodal distribution of ceramic particles, including barium titanate, barium strontium titanate (BST), or combinations thereof and a polymer binder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conductive metal ink composition, comprising: a first metal powder having conductivity; a non-aqueous solvent; an attachment improving agent; and a polymer coating property improving agent, and a method for forming a conductive pattern by using the conductive metal ink composition, and the conductive metal ink composition can be appropriately applied to a roll printing process and a conductive pattern exhibiting more improved conductivity and excellent attachment ability with respect to a board can be formed.

Abstract: A circuit device having superior voltage resistance is provided. A structure is achieved that omits the resin layer that is normally provided to the top surface of a circuit board. Specifically, a ceramic substrate (22) is disposed on the top surface of a circuit board (12) comprising a metal, and a transistor (34) such as an IGBT is mounted to the top surface of the ceramic substrate (22). As a result, the transistor (34) and the circuit board (12) are insulated from each other by the ceramic substrate (22). The ceramic substrate (22), which comprises an inorganic material, has an extremely high voltage resistance compared to the conventionally used insulating layer comprising resin, and so even if a high voltage on the order of 1000V is applied to the transistor (34), short circuiting between the transistor (34) and the circuit board (12) is prevented.

Abstract: A conductive resin composition which allows a resin electrode which is favorable in terms of shape and adhesion to a ceramic device to be formed reliably, and a chip-type electronic component including resin electrodes formed with the conductive resin component are described. The conductive resin composition contains a linear bifunctional epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 11000 to 40000 and a terminal glycidyl group, a conductive silver powder, and a solvent, and has a yield value of 3.6 Pa or less. In addition, the conductive powder can have a surface attached to a fatty acid or a salt thereof, and the ratio of the fatty acid or salt thereof to the conductive powder is 0.5 wt % or less. Furthermore, the conductive powder can be spherical, and the ratio of the conductive powder in solids constituting the conductive resin composition can be 42 to 54 vol %.

Abstract: An electrode with a porous protective film includes an electrode in which an active material layer is disposed on a collector and a porous protective film which is disposed on a surface of the active material layer and which contains fine particles, a binder, a surfactant, and a thickener. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer is disposed on a negative electrode collector, a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer is disposed on a positive electrode collector, a nonaqueous electrolyte, a separator, and a porous protective film which is disposed on at least one of a surface of the negative electrode active material layer or a surface of the positive electrode active material layer and which contains fine particles, a binder, a surfactant, and a thickener.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing silver nanowires is provided, comprising: providing a silver ink core component containing ?60 wt % silver nanoparticles dispersed in a silver carrier; providing a shell component containing a film forming polymer dispersed in a shell carrier; providing a substrate; coelectrospinning the silver ink core component and the shell component depositing on the substrate a core shell fiber having a core and a shell surrounding the core, wherein the silver nanoparticles are in the core; and, treating the silver nanoparticles to form a population of silver nanowires, wherein the population of silver nanowires exhibit an average length, L, of ?60 ?m.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a silver miniwire film is provided, wherein the film exhibits a reduced sheet resistance.

Abstract: Porous and/or curved nanofiber bearing substrate materials are provided having enhanced surface area for a variety of applications including as electrical substrates, semipermeable membranes and barriers, structural lattices for tissue culturing and for composite materials, production of long unbranched nanofibers, and the like. A method of producing nanofibers is disclosed including providing a plurality of microparticles or nanoparticles such as carbon black particles having a catalyst material deposited thereon, and synthesizing a plurality of nanofibers from the catalyst material on the microparticles or nanoparticles. Compositions including carbon black particles having nanowires deposited thereon are further disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are metal-containing precursors having the formula Compound (I) wherein: —M is a metal selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Pd; and —each of R-1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10 are independently selected from H; a C1-C4 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group; a C1-C4 linear, branched, or cyclic alkylsilyl group (mono, bis, or tris alkyl); a C1-C4 linear, branched, or cyclic alkylamino group; or a C1-C4 linear, branched, or cyclic fluoroalkyl group. Also disclosed are methods of synthesizing and using the disclosed metal-containing precursors to deposit metal-containing films on a substrate via a vapor deposition process.

Abstract: Systems and methods of flexographically printing a pattern comprising a plurality of lines or a first antenna loop array on a first side of a substrate, wherein printing the first antenna loop array comprises using an ink and at least one flexomaster. The ink comprises an acrylic monomer resin and a catalyst which may be an organometallic acelate or oxolate at a concentration from 1 wt %-20 wt %. The substrate may have one pattern on one surface of the substrate or may be printed as a double-sided substrate with at least one pattern on each side of the substrate. The ink is cured to dissociated the catalyst in the ink prior to electroless plating, this may be done using one curing process on each side, using one curing process in total, or by performing a partial cure on a first pattern and then curing the second pattern.

Abstract: A three-dimensional article having spray-applied ink and a spray application process for three-dimensional articles are disclosed. The article includes a substrate and conductive ink spray-applied to a non-planar region of the substrate. The conductive ink on the non-planar region is at least a portion of a power trace, an antenna, a resistive heater, a conductive lead, a sensor, a functional electrical device, or a combination thereof. The process includes spray-applying conductive ink, ablating the conductive ink, photo-sintering the conductive ink, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for forming an electrostatic chuck includes forming vias in a ceramic plate and printing a metal paste in the vias and curing the ceramic plate. The method includes printing the metal paste on a front surface of the ceramic plate and curing the ceramic plate, and printing the metal paste on a bottom surface of the ceramic plate and curing the ceramic plate to form one or more contact pads. The method also includes printing a dielectric film on the front surface of the ceramic plate and curing the ceramic plate. The method may further include printing one or more heating elements on a bottom surface of the ceramic plate and curing the ceramic plate, printing the dielectric film on the bottom, and bonding the ceramic plate to a backing plate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a transparent conductive film, said method comprising: forming a compound layer containing a silazane compound on a substrate; supplying energy to the compound layer and thus converting at least a part of the silazane compound into a compound having a siloxane bond to thereby modify the compound layer; and then forming a metal layer, that is configured from silver or an alloy comprising silver as the main component, on the unmodified compound layer or the modified compound layer.

Abstract: A method for forming a functional pattern such as an electrode or the like on a substrate is provided. The method includes a) coating a polymer layer on an upper surface of the substrate, b) forming a pattern having an opening in the polymer layer, c) coating a functional fluid on the upper surface of the substrate through the opening of the pattern, d) removing the functional fluid coated on the polymer layer using a scraping process, e) curing the functional fluid through a heat treatment, and f) dissolving and removing the polymer layer using a solvent. The present method is capable of forming a functional pattern having a small line width and a clear shape.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems methods for using ink comprising organometallics in a flexographic printing process using engraved anilox rolls to transfer ink to an impression roll that prints a pattern on a substrate. A banded anilox roll with more than one geometry and/or volume of cells may be used in these production systems and methods. The pattern printed may comprise a plurality of lines which are each from 1 micrometer-25 micrometers wide and may be part of an electronics application such as a touch screen sensor or an RF antenna that requires microscopic conductive patterns such as touch screen displays or antennas.

Abstract: Provided is an electroconductive composition which not only shows excellent adhesion to a substrate and can easily form a smooth film, but also is applicable to the formation of a fine-pitched circuit and the like and capable of providing high electroconductivity even when dried at a relatively low temperature. The electroconductive composition comprises (A) a crystalline flake silver powder and (B) an organic binder, wherein the blending ratio of the (A) crystalline flake silver powder is 90% by mass to 98% by mass with respect the total solid content of the composition. In a preferred embodiment, the (A) crystalline flake silver powder contains polygonal single particles and has an average particle size (D50), which is determined by a laser diffraction-scattering particle size distribution analysis, of 1 ?m to 3 ?m.

Abstract: A silver compound having a silver complex structure composed of silver ion, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato, and diethylenetriamine is disclosed. A silver ink is prepared by the silver compound applied for inkjet printing of a flexible substrate. A method for inkjet printing of the flexible substrate comprises the steps of pre-heating the flexible substrate to the temperature of 60° C., inkjet printing the flexible substrate with the silver ink thereon, and heating the flexible substrate under a low temperature to form a thin film of silver conductive pattern thereon. The silver conductive pattern has excellent electrical conductivity and a resistance value proximate to that of a general silver slug.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an electrode of a lithium battery electrode, comprising: (a) providing a substrate; (b) coating a paste on a portion of the substrate; (c) plating a metal film onto the paste or the substrate; (d) disposing a welding point at an end of the substrate; wherein the advantages of the present invention are to conduct current in three-dimensional direction and reduce the problem of electric conductivity because of thermal effect. In addition, the present invention can further avoid the problem of the electrode oxidation.

Abstract: An optoelectronic sensor, in particular used for the detection of an angle of rotation, includes a dimensional scale, a light transmitter, which transmits transmission light in transmission light directions, and a light receiver having a light reception surface, which is arranged in such a way that the light reception surface is substantially located between the dimensional scale and the light receiver. The light receiver receives backwardly reflected transmission light as received light. The light receiver also includes a transmission light directing unit. The light directing unit is configured such that a predefined angle of deflection of the transmission light results with respect to the transmission light directions when the transmission light again exits from the transmission light directing unit. The transmission light directing unit is provided in the light receiver; and the transmission light directing unit is composed of at least one aperture which is incorporated into the light receiver.

Abstract: The electrical and optical performance of silver LED reflective contacts in III-V devices such as GaN LEDs is limited by silver's tendency to agglomerate during annealing processes and to corrode on contact with silver-reactive materials elsewhere in the device (for example, gallium or aluminum). Agglomeration and reaction are prevented, and crystalline morphology of the silver layer may be optimized, by forming a diffusion-resistant transparent conductive layer between the silver and the source of silver-reacting metal, (2) doping the silver or the diffusion-resistant transparent conductive layer for improved adhesion to adjacent layers, or (3) doping the silver with titanium, which in some embodiments prevents agglomeration and promotes crystallization of the silver in the preferred <111> orientation.

Abstract: There is provided a touch panel including: a substrate; mesh pattern electrodes formed on the substrate; and hard coating layers formed on the substrate and filling air gaps of the mesh pattern electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the functionalisation of metal nanowires and the use of said nanowires. The functionalisation method of the invention includes a step comprising the formation of a self-assembled monolayer on at least part of the external surface of metal nanowires, using a compound of formula R1—Zn—R2, wherein Z is S or Se, and n is equal to 1 or 2, and R1 is a hydrogen atom or an acyl group or a hydrocarbon group comprising between 1 and 100 carbon atoms and R2 is an electron-attracting or -donating group. The method if the invention is particularly suitable for use in the field electrode production.

Abstract: A non-catalytic palladium precursor composition is disclosed, including a palladium salt and an organoamine, wherein the composition is substantially free of water. The composition permits the use of solution processing methods to form a palladium layer on a wide variety of substrates, including in a pattern to form circuitry or pathways for electronic devices.

Abstract: An electrical component includes an interior layer that includes an exterior surface. The electrical component includes an intermediate layer that includes at least one platinum group metal (PGM). The intermediate layer extends on the exterior surface of the interior layer. The intermediate layer has an exterior PGM surface. The electrical component includes a silver layer that includes silver. The silver layer extends on the exterior PGM surface such that the intermediate layer extends between the interior layer and the silver layer.

Abstract: The system of the present invention includes a conductive element, an electronic component, and a partial power source in the form of dissimilar materials. Upon contact with a conducting fluid, a voltage potential is created and the power source is completed, which activates the system. The electronic component controls the conductance between the dissimilar materials to produce a unique current signature. The system can also measure the conditions of the environment surrounding the system.

Abstract: A silver conductive film is formed on a substrate in a continuous roll-to-roll system by applying a fine silver particle dispersing solution, which contains 30 to 70 wt % of fine silver particles dispersed in a water based dispersing medium, to a halide, such as a chlorine compound, which is applied to the substrate, by flexographic printing, and thereafter, heating the substrate at 60 to 200° C. for 0.1 to 5 seconds in an infrared (IR) heating open, which is installed on the printing path, to carry out calcination.

Abstract: The disposable palladium nanoparticle-modified graphite pencil electrode (PdNP-GPE) is a graphite pencil electrode having palladium nanoparticles disposed on the surface of the electrode. The electrode is prepared by adding ascorbic acid to an aqueous solution of ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II) [(NH4)2PdCl4] at room temperature to form the palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs), immersing a GPE in the aqueous solution of PdNPs, and heating the solution to about 75° C. to deposit the PdNPs on the GPE. The palladium nanoparticle modified graphite pencil electrode may be used in an electrochemical cell for quantitative analysis of hydrogen peroxide content in an unknown solution.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for producing a metal coating on a portion of the surface of a substrate of a microelectronic device, wherein it comprises, using a modified nucleic acid strand comprising a nucleic acid strand structure, at least one metal nanoparticle and/or a metal atom and at least one chemical function, at least one step of fixing the chemical function of the at least one modified nucleic acid strand on the portion of the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: One aspect provides a method of forming a feedthrough device for an implantable medical device. The method includes providing a bulk insulator having a longitudinal length extending between first and second end faces, and including one or more conducting elements extending therethrough between the first and second end faces, the bulk insulator having a perimeter surface along the longitudinal length, and depositing one of a metal, metal alloy, or cermet on the perimeter surface to form a ferrule directly thereon, wherein the ferrule can be joined to other components of the implantable medical device.

Abstract: A method for fabricating articles for use in optics, electronics, and plasmonics includes large scale lithography or other patterning and conformal deposition such as by atomic layer deposition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silver-containing aqueous ink formulation for production of electrically conductive structures, wherein the formulation is provided in the form of a two-component system composed of a vehicle component A at least comprising an organic solvent, additives and water, and a silver nanoparticle sol as component B, at least comprising a liquid dispersant, stabilized silver nanoparticles and an electrostatic dispersion stabilizer, and the formulation composed of components A and B comprises at least a) 1-50% by weight of organic solvent, b) 0.005-12% by weight of additives, and c) 40-70% by weight of water, and d) 15-50% by weight of electrostatically stabilized silver nanoparticles, where the sum of the total proportions in the ink formulation adds up to 100% by weight in each case.

Abstract: To provide an electroconductive thin film, containing: a metal oxide containing indium and tin; and gold.