Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor is disclosed including a support and a coating comprising (i) a photopolymerisable layer including a polymerisable compound and a photoinitiator, and a toplayer provided above the photopolymerisable layer; characterized in that the toplayer has a thickness comprised between 0.1 g/m2 and 1.75 g/m2 and includes an infrared absorbing compound which includes a thermocleavable group which transforms into a group which is a stronger electrondonor upon exposure to heat and/or IR radiation, and is capable of forming a printout image upon exposure to heat and/or IR radiation.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor includes, on a support, a layer of graphite oxide capable of switching from a hydrophilic state into a hydrophobic state upon exposure to heat and/or light.

Abstract: The present invention provides a color filter and a manufacturing method thereof. A transparent dyeable material is coated on a roller, and then imprint onto a patterned mold. A part of the transparent dyeable material is retained on the roller, and then imprinted onto a substrate by the roller and forms a black matrix (BM) layer through a dyeing process and a curing process in sequence. The other part of the transparent dyeable material is transferred onto the patterned mold for forming a plurality of softened color resist layers by the dyeing process, and then forms a plurality of color resist layers by a curing process after transferring the softened color resist layers onto the substrate having the BM layer.

Abstract: A printing blanket is provided which includes a reinforcing layer formed from a polymeric fabric reinforcing material which softens and flows at a temperature less than that used in the final curing step of forming the blanket or a polymeric reinforcing material having a thickness of between about 0.003 inches and 0.010 inches. The reinforcing layer provides a smooth surface to support an outer print surface layer and provides improved print performance while enabling a reduction in the overall thickness of the reinforcing layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a coated substrate for electrophotographic (LEP) printing comprising an ink-receiving layer and a base layer, wherein said ink-receiving layer comprises a reactive polycarbodiimide component and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: Positive-working lithographic printing plate precursors comprise a substrate surface having an average oxide pore diameter of 15 to 80 nm. On this, a crosslinked hydrophilic inner layer is formed using a formulation comprising: (1) a hydrophilic polymer having recurring —CH2—CH(OH)— units, (2) a crosslinking agent for these units having at least two aldehyde groups, and (3) an acidic compound. An oleophilic outer layer formulation comprises: (a) an infrared radiation absorber, and (b) an oleophilic polymer having at least 10 mol % randomly recurring —CH2—CH(OH)— units, within an organic solvent solution, and dried to form a composite structure. The composite structure is heated so its surface exhibits less than 10% optical density change within a first rectangular area (width W1 and length L1) centered inside a second rectangular area (width W2 and length L2), where the surface is subjected to 1000 rubs according to ASTM D3181 using the organic solvent solution.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments herein provide materials and methods for a fusing apparatus including a fuser member comprising a substrate and a topcoat layer, wherein the topcoat layer comprises a flow-coated fluororesin and has a surface energy of about 25 mN/m or less.

Abstract: A flexographic printing plate precursor for laser engraving that comprises a relief-forming layer formed from a resin composition for laser engraving, wherein the flexographic printing plate precursor for laser engraving has matting agent particles at the surface of the relief-forming layer, and the matting agent particles comprise a water-soluble resin and have a number average particle size of 2 ?m to 40 ?m.

Abstract: To provide a charging member to the surface of which any toners and so forth can be kept from adhering and which can exhibit a stable charging performance. The charging member has a substrate, an elastic layer and a surface layer; the surface layer containing a high-molecular compound having an Si—O—B linkage and having a constitutional unit represented by the following formula (1) and a constitutional unit represented by the following formula (2).

Abstract: Flexographic printing precursors are prepared by providing an elastomeric mixture of one or more elastomeric resins and non-metallic fibers having an average length of at least 0.1 mm and an average diameter of at least 1 ?m, and adding a vulcanizing composition and optional other components to the elastomeric mixture. The elastomeric mixture is then mechanically treated to orient the non-metallic fibers predominantly in the same dimension in the elastomeric mixture. It is then vulcanized and formed into a laser-engraveable layer having two orthogonal dimensions. The non-metallic fibers are predominantly oriented in one of the two orthogonal dimensions.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments herein provide materials and methods for a fusing apparatus including a fuser member comprising a substrate and a topcoat layer, wherein the topcoat layer comprises a flow-coated fluororesin and has a surface energy of about 25 mN/m or less.

Abstract: A method of making a fuser member having an annealed outer surface comprising: providing an outer layer comprising compatible first and second fluorothermoplastics over an outer substrate surface, wherein the first fluorothermoplastic is a crosslinkable polymer and the second fluorothermoplastic is a linear polymer; curing the outer layer to crosslink the first fluorothermoplastic whereby the resulting crosslinked first fluorothermoplastic and the linear polymer second fluorothermoplastic form a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (SIPN); and annealing an outer surface of the outer layer by contacting the fuser member with applied pressure against a heated surface, without first sintering the second fluorothermoplastic linear polymer through application of heat alone.

Abstract: Electrochemically grained and anodized aluminum supports are treated with a post-treatment coating solution containing a polymer derived at least in part from vinyl phosphonic acid and phosphoric acid. This post-treated support is useful as substrates in the preparation of lithographic printing plate precursors. The post-treatment substrate treatment enables wide latitude in manufacturing and compatibility with silicate-free developers to achieve negligible background staining and oxide attack.

Abstract: Disclosed is an intermediate transfer member including, a resin layer as an outermost layer, in which plural recessed portions having a curved inner wall are scattered on the surface thereof.

Abstract: Lithographic printing plates can be prepared and made ready for lithographic printing without wet development or processing. A positive-working lithographic printing plate precursor is exposed to ablating infrared radiation of an energy of at least 1 J/cm2 to form a lithographic printing plate ready for lithographic printing. The positive-working lithographic printing plate precursor has a hydrophilic aluminum substrate, and on the substrate, a crosslinked hydrophilic inner layer, and an oleophilic surface layer that is chemically bonded to the crosslinked hydrophilic inner layer. An intermediate layer provided between the crosslinked hydrophilic inner and oleophilic surface layers. Either this intermediate or the oleophilic surface layer, or both, generally includes an infrared radiation absorbing compound.

Abstract: To provide a charging member to the surface of which any toners and so forth can be kept from adhering and which can exhibit a stable charging performance. The charging member has a substrate, an elastic layer and a surface layer; the surface layer containing a high-molecular compound having an Si—O—B linkage and having a constitutional unit represented by the following formula (1) and a constitutional unit represented by the following formula (2).

Abstract: A resin composition is provided that includes two or more types of compounds selected from the group consisting of (Component A) a compound comprising a silicon atom having a total of one or two alkoxy and hydroxy groups, (Component B) a compound comprising a silicon atom having a total of three alkoxy and hydroxy groups, and (Component C) a compound comprising a silicon atom having a total of four alkoxy and hydroxy groups. There are also provided a relief printing plate precursor that includes a relief-forming layer formed from the resin composition, a process for producing a relief printing plate precursor that includes a layer formation step of forming a relief-forming layer from the resin composition and a crosslinking step of thermally crosslinking the relief-forming layer so as to form a crosslinked relief-forming layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a structured surface making contact with printing material, preferably a cylinder cover, includes producing a structured coating having microparticles on a substrate, preferably a stainless steel plate. The microparticles are encased antiadhesively and agglomerated by adsorption of nanoparticles, and the agglomerates being produced are fixed in a sol-gel matrix. A surface produced in this way has a structured coating on a substrate and the coating has microparticles. The coating has agglomerates fixed in a sol-gel matrix and including microparticles encased antiadhesively by adsorption of nanoparticles and preferably formed of silicon carbide. The surfaces advantageously have a self-repair function since, in the case of abrasion of structural elevations, the antiadhesive casings of the microparticles are exposed and the antiadhesive property of the coating is maintained.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a printing plate by applying a first coating liquid onto a belt-like support, and drying the first coating liquid to form an image recording layer; and applying a second coating liquid for an overcoat layer onto the image recording layer, and drying the second coating liquid, comprises: a coating liquid cooling device that cools the second coating liquid so that a temperature T1 of the second coating liquid may fall within a predetermined range; a support cooling device that cools the belt-like support so that the temperature of the second coating liquid may fall within the predetermined range; and an initial drying device that initially dries the overcoat layer by air having a low temperature and a dew point of not more than 5° C. parallel to a surface of the overcoat layer at an air velocity of 8 to 15 m/sec.

Abstract: There is disclosed a resist underlayer film-forming composition comprising, at least: a resin (A) obtained by condensing a compound represented by the following general formula (1) with a compound represented by the following general formula (2) by the aid of an acid catalyst; a compound (B) represented by the general formula (1); a fullerene compound (C); and an organic solvent. There can be a resist underlayer film composition in a multi-layer resist film to be used in lithography, which underlayer film is excellent in property for filling up a height difference of a substrate, possesses a solvent resistance, and is not only capable of preventing occurrence of twisting during etching of a substrate, but also capable of providing an excellently decreased pattern roughness; a process for forming a resist underlayer film by using the composition; and a patterning process.

Abstract: A method of making a fuser member having an annealed outer surface comprising: providing an outer layer comprising compatible first and second fluorothermoplastics over an outer substrate surface, wherein the first fluorothermoplastic is a crosslinkable polymer and the second fluorothermoplastic is a linear polymer; curing the outer layer to crosslink the first fluorothermoplastic whereby the resulting crosslinked first fluorothermoplastic and the linear polymer second fluorothermoplastic form a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (SIPN); and annealing an outer surface of the outer layer by contacting the fuser member with applied pressure against a heated surface, without first sintering the second fluorothermoplastic linear polymer through application of heat alone.

Abstract: Methods of forming thin films on nanopatterning templates, such as nanoimprint lithography (NIL) templates are provided. In some embodiments, an atomic layer deposition (ALD) type process for modifying the surface of a NIL template comprises alternately and sequentially contacting a substrate in a reaction space with vapor phase pulses of two or more reactants.

Abstract: A member is provided to prevent immersion liquid ingress to a gap between components or to adhere to at least one component to provide a surface to a feature of an immersion system. The member has a plastic sealing portion that is adhered to the component(s). The plastic sealing portion is opaque to DUV radiation. It may be resistant to degradation through exposure to DUV radiation. It may have a liquid phobic coating or property.

Abstract: A transfer medium manufacturing method which manufactures a transfer medium in which a color material capable of being transferred to a target is attached to a base material, includes attaching first liquid containing the color material to the base material to form a colored layer, and attaching second liquid containing resin on the first liquid attached to the base material during the step of attaching the first liquid before the first liquid is dried, thereby forming a resin layer and forming a colored resin layer where the first liquid and the second liquid are mixed with each other.

Abstract: A screen printing unit equipped with a rotary screen apparatus comprises a cylindrical screen rotatably supported so as to be brought into contact with a rotatable impression cylinder. Multiple small holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the screen, and are filled up with a coating material. Some of the holes corresponding to a pattern not being filled with the coating material, and a special ink stored inside the screen can be supplied to a sheet held on the outer circumferential surface of the impression cylinder so as to form a shape corresponding to the pattern. The small holes are formed only in an area of the screen in the circumferential direction thereof extending from a position corresponding to the downstream-side end of the sheet in the sheet-conveying direction to a position corresponding to the upstream-side end of the sheet in the sheet-conveying direction.

Abstract: Lithographic substrate comprising (a) a dimensionally stable plate- or foil-shaped support, (b) an aluminum oxide layer provided on at least one side of the support (a), and (c) an interlayer applied onto the aluminum oxide layer comprising a hydrophilic polymer comprising structural units derived from the following compounds: (a1) at least one compound comprising both polyalkylene oxide chains and at least one structural unit which is free-radical polymerizable, and (a2) at least one monomer capable of copolymerizing with the free-radical polymerizable structural unit of (a1) and furthermore comprising at least one acidic functional group with pKs<5, wherein the acidic functional group can be present as a free acid group or in the form of a salt.

Abstract: A planographic printing plate precursor which prevents deformation and destruction of fine particles dispersed in an image forming layer thereof and has high developing performance and a high speed thin layer coating aptitude is provided. A method for producing and handling a planographic printing plate precursor having an image forming layer containing a photosensitive composition having fine particles dispersed therein is provided. The pressure acting on the image forming layer during or after formation of the image forming layer is 1.5×105 N/m2 or less.

Abstract: A method for making a negative-working heat-sensitive lithographic printing plate precursor includes the steps pf: (i) providing a support having a hydrophilic surface or which is provided with a hydrophilic layer; and (ii) applying on the support a coating which includes a product DQ, wherein DQ is obtained by: the step of coating a solution or dispersion including a nucleophilic compound Q and a dye D selected from the list consisting of di- or tri-arylmethane dyes, cyanine dyes, styryl dyes, and merostyryl dyes; or by D and Q interact to form interaction product DQ, having a white light optical density which is lower that the white light optical density of dye D; and the interaction product DQ is capable of at least partially releasing a dye directly after exposure to infrared light or heat, therby forming a visible image in the coating.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate and a method of preparing a lithographic printing plate is described which is suitable for use with inkjet printers for forming images, wherein the inkjet printers use a pigment based ink. A substrate having thickness of 50 to 400 microns is selected from a group of substrates consisting of a polymeric substrate, a paper substrate, a metal substrate, a fabric substrate and a laminate of a combination of the substrates. At least one layer of a hydrophilic lithographic coating is applied on an operative surface of the substrate. The coating is prepared by mixing together at least one hydrophilic binder, at least one cross-linking agent, at least one catalyst, at least one accelerator, at least one inorganic pigment, at least one surfactant and particulate silica having particle size between 1 to 15 microns and pore volume between 0.2 to 1.8 ml/gm. The layer typically has a thickness of at least 5 microns and at least one layer is applied.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and an apparatus for applying a surface treatment composition to a photosensitive printing element during thermal processing. A photosensitive printing element is contacted with a web of absorbent material that is capable of absorbing material that is melted or softened from an imaged and exposed surface of a photosensitive printing element. The web of absorbent material is coated with a surface treatment composition to transfer the surface treatment composition from the web of absorbent material to the imaged and exposed surface of the photosensitive printing element. Applying the surface treatment composition during thermal processing provides for more complete and more uniform coverage of the surface treatment composition on the photosensitive printing element.

Abstract: A process including: providing a cylindrical substrate rotating about the long axis; applying at least one coating layer with a direct writing applicator on the outer surface of the rotating substrate; and curing the resulting coated layer or layers. The use of a direct writing applicator provides precision in the dispensing of organic photoconductor coating layers with respect to line width and line thickness.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for applying a coating material onto a print substrate mounted on a plate cylinder of a printing press. The method comprising: delivering a supply of the coating material to a distributive surface of an ultrasonic horn, the distributive surface controlling a flow of the coating material to an active edge of the ultrasonic horn, and atomizing the coating material at the active edge of the ultrasonic horn and directing the atomized coating material onto a surface of the print substrate. The present invention also provides a multi-purpose ultrasonic acoustic coating/cleaning system for applying a coating material onto, and cleaning the coating material from, a print substrate.

Abstract: According to the present invention, provided is a method for improving solubility of a protein in water by irradiating the protein with an electron beam. According to the method, the solubility of the protein in water is improved without alteration and decomposition of the protein and an associated body which is not generated in an ordinary state is formed, so that protein which is stable even in an aqueous solution can be obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fluororesin-coating process, which comprises the steps of inserting a base having powder of the fluororesin on its surface in the interior of a cylindrical face transfer member, and heating both base and face transfer member by means of an infrared heater from the outside of the face transfer member, thereby heating them in a state that the fluororesin powder layer is pressed by the face transfer member making good use of a difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the base and the face transfer member to form a fluororesin layer.

Abstract: Coated paper stocks for electrostatic imaging comprising a substrate coated on at least one surface with a resin layer comprised of olefinic material and a pin-hole free, continuous coating layer over said resin layer. The continuous layer has a glass transition temperature above 100.degree. C. and is comprised of one or more natural or synthetic film forming polymers and an anti-static agent. As a single layer this continuous coating layer functions as both a heat protective and imaging layer. In an alternate embodiment two separate coating layers are provided with separate heat protective and imaging functionalities.

Abstract: Disclosed are diazahemicyanine hydrophobic cationic dyes represented by the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are lower alkyl groups having not more than 5 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 is a lower alkyl group having not more than 5 carbon atoms or a lower alkoxy lower alkyl group having not more than 6 carbon atoms, and Z.sup.- is a counter ion having a hydrophobic organic group, and a thermal transfer ink ribbon having a substrate and and ink layer laminated thereon containing said cationic dye.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a porous film having desired average pore diameter and pore density in a multi-printing-adaptive thermal transfer recording medium having a foundation, a heat-meltable ink layer formed on one side of the foundation and the porous film provided in the heat-meltable ink layer at a location proximate to a surface thereof, which method comprises the steps of: coating the heat-meltable ink layer with a W/O emulsion containing as an essential ingredient thereof at least one resin selected from the group consisting of cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose and ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose; and drying the resultant coating to form a porous film.

Abstract: A blue dyestuff represented by the formula (2) ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is independently a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, nitro group, hydroxy group, alkyl group which may have a substituent, alkoxy group, alkylsulfonylamino group or alkylcarbonylamino group, and each of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is independently an alkyl group which may have a substituent, and a heat-sensitive transfer sheet containing the above-mentioned dyestuff.

Abstract: A method for making an optical recording medium having an optically responsive polydiacetylene monomolecular film or monomolecular built-up film is provided. In the method, a substrate having a hydrophilic surface is immersed in a solution, in organic solvent, of a substance containing a diacetylene group and an --Si--Cl group to form a monomolecular film of the substance on the substrate by chemical adsorption. The diacetylene groups are polymerized by energy beam irradiation to obtain the optically responsive polydiacetylene film. This medium is usable as a write-once or rewriteable medium.

Abstract: Disclosed are vulcanized rubber articles of foamed type and non-foamed type which are prepared by vulcanizing a vulcanizable and foamable (or a vulcanizable) molded product made of a chlorinated ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer rubber, chlorinated polyethylene or chlorosulfonated polyethylene, said vulcanizable and foamable (or vulcanizable) molded product having been surface-treated with a coating solution containing at least one compound selected from alkylammonium halide, alkylphosphonium halide, amine having an acid dissociation constant (pKa) of not less than 10 and amine salt having an acid dissociation constant (pKa) of not less than 10. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of the vulcanized rubber articles of foamed type and non-foamed type.

Abstract: Tetraindolylheptamethine ethers and alcohols of the isomeric formulae ##STR1## and ##STR2## and dyestuffs of the formula ##STR3## in which A, B, D and E denote ##STR4## and D'.sup..sym. denotes ##STR5## and the remaining symbols have the meanings given in the description, are used in pressure- and heat-sensitive recording materials.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a ferromagnetic metal thin film layer primarily based on cobalt and formed on the surface of a flexible substrate, an organic topcoat layer containing an anti-oxidant and a lubricant on the surface of the metal thin film layer, and a backcoat layer containing an inorganic pigment, an organic binder, and a lubricant on the other surface of the substrate is provided with protrusions on its surface at an average density of at least 10.sup.5 /a.sup.2 per square millimeter of the surface, the protrusions having a height of 30 to 300 .ANG., where a is the distance of a gap in a magnetic head with which the medium is used in recording/reproducing operation.

Abstract: A film forming method, a recording medium formed thereby, and a recording method therewith are provided. The recording medium comprises a recording layer constituted of a monomolecular film or monomolecular-layer built-up film of a clathrate complex compound comprised of a host molecule and a guest molecule, said host molecule having a hydrophilic portion, a hydrophobic portion, and a portion capable of enclosing said guest molecule.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for treating resin printing plates to prevent or reduce smudging and/or linting using fluorocarbon surface active agent having a perfluoroalkyl group with 4 to 14 carbon atoms. The surface active agent may be anionic, cationic or ampholytic and may be used in an aqueous, alcohol or aqueous-alcohol solution.

Abstract: Pressure-sensitive master sheets are produced by printing ink-releasing images onto a master sheet by silk screen techniques using a semi-solid printable ink composition comprising a wax and/or resin binder material, an incompatible oleaginous material, colorant and a volatile vehicle. The solidified printed images comprise a porous, spongy network of the binder material containing within the pores thereof the oleaginous material and colorant as a pressure-exudable ink. The printed master is suitable for the production of several copies in a dry pressure-copying process.

Abstract: Potassium hydroxide or another alkaline potassium compound is used to adjust the pH of an aqueous color developing clay coating composition in the manufacture of color developing material for use in pressure-sensitive or similar copying systems. This reduces the decline in reactivity with time of such material and increases initial print intensity compared with conventional material in which the corresponding sodium compound is used for pH adjustment. Especially good results are obtained where the material being coated is a paper of high acidity such as results from rosin/alum sizing.

Abstract: A method of preparing a letterpress printing plate from a liquid photopolymer using an air knife to etch out the unpolymerized liquid to leave the relief image. A new printing plate substrate is used that has a laminae that is paper and a lamina that is a sealing coat on the paper. The paper is a special paper known as tag stock that is 5 to 20 mils thick, has tensile strengths of at least 30 pounds per inch in width in the press direction and at least 20 pounds per inch in width in the cross press direction, and fibers that are independently colored with a dark color having a good light absorption/reflectivity ratio.

Abstract: A ribbon for non-impact printing comprising an electrically conductive substrate and a transfer layer which comprises a polymerized fatty acid polyamide.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive recording sheet comprising a support and a recording layer containing an electron donating colorless dye and a compound represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An electrographic recording material comprising a conductive sheet support coated with an electrically insulating layer comprising an intimate blend of a polymeric binder and up to 500 parts of an inert finely divided pigment per 100 parts by weight of polymeric binder. The binder comprises from about 40 to about 90 parts by weight of a poly(vinyl acetal) and from about 10 to about 60 parts by weight of a polystyrene or a poly(.alpha.-methylstyrene). The electrographic recording material exhibits improved toner adhesion.