Abstract: A method of making a soil composition involves continuously mixing sand and plasticizer in an agitation mixer. The sand becomes coated with the plasticizer, whereupon a quantity of clay is then added, followed by an additional portion of the plasticizer. The sand particles coated with the plasticizer become coated with the clay. Coloring pigments are added and mixed thereafter. As soon as complete mixing takes place, the coated sand particles can be immediately transferred from the mixer to suitable packaging. The ingredients are added in the following proportions by weight: sand 50-70%; clay 10-40%; plasticizer 0.5-5.0%; water 5-20%; and coloring pigment 1-5%.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing microspherules from activated carbon, including placing active-carbon particles of less than 100 .mu.m in size in a pelletizer equipped with a vortexer, incrementally adding an aqueous dispersion of a water-insoluble synthetic resin until microspherules of the desired size form, turning off the vortexer but allowing the pelletizer to continue operating, immediately powdering the microspherules off, and drying the microspherules.

Abstract: In a two-component system for a hardenable material, quartz grains (1) serve as a filler material and are coated with benzoyl peroxide which forms the hardener component of the system. The benzoyl-peroxide coated quartz grains are enclosed in a protective layer of pyrogenic silicic acid. As a result, the flotation capability of the quartz granules is maintained.

Abstract: A phosphor comprising a phosphor and zinc oxide formed in a suspension of the phosphor and attached to the surface of the phosphor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for rendering particulate solids containing Si-OH groups hydrophobic which comprises reacting a water repellent containing an organo-silicon compound with particulate solids containing Si-OH groups with simultaneous mechanical loading of the reaction mixture, in which from 5 to 50 percent by weight of the particulate solids containing Si-OH groups are used, based on the total weight of the reaction mixture containing particulate solids and water repellent, and the use of the resultant hydrophobic particulate solids in compositions containing diorganopolysiloxanes, which can be cured to form elastomers.

Abstract: There is disclosed a granular detergent composition comprising granules of a chemical reagent the surfaces of which are provided with a coating comprising an organophilic clay mineral.

Abstract: Particles of silicon and a p or n carrier substance which are in spherical or spheroidal form, and suitable for use in the preparation of doped semiconductor devices, can be prepared by a fluidized bed technique for chemical vapor deposition of a carrier substance (B, P, As or Sb). The prepared products have a kernel of high purity polysilicon and a layer of silicon/dopant alloy upon the kernel. Optionally, the particles have a thin outer layer of silicon.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing M' phase YTaO.sub.4 :Nb X-ray phosphor which comprises forming a mixture of components Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, and a flux which can be lithium chloride, lithium sulfate or a mix of lithium sulfate and potassium sulfate in an 80 to 20 mole ratio, the flux making up about 25% to 50% by weight of the mixture, the components being provided in stoichiometric amounts to form the phosphor, firing the mixture in a furnace by heating to a temperature of about 1200.degree. C. to 1300.degree. C. at a heating rate of about 1.0.degree. C./min. to 1.5.degree. C./min. and maintaining the temperature for about 10 to 14 hours to react the components and produce luminescent material, cooling the material by turning off the heat to the furnace and allowing the material to remain therein until the temperature is no higher than about 300.degree. C.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprises a luminous layer containing electroluminescent particles each covered with a moisture-proof film, which is formed by polymer, having network structure obtained by hydrolyzing metal alkoxide and causing polycondensation reaction. The moisture-proof film may contain pigment, or a film containing pigment may be formed to cover the electroluminescent particle.

Abstract: A composite made by preparing a SiO.sub.2 sol, mixing 20-90% by volume of SiC particulate with the SiO.sub.2 sol to form a slurry, casting the slurry into a mold optionally containing SiC weaves or mats, gelling and aging the cast slurry and drying to obtain a green body composite.

Abstract: The use of combination granulates consisting of metasilicate and silica in detergent products. These combination granulates can particularly be used as anti-redeposition and antisoiling agents in detergent compositions for washing laundry.

Abstract: An ornamental article comprising a natural ornamental material such as pearl and a cured coating membrane of a composition based on organic materials which is coated on the surface of said natural ornamental material in a thickness from 0.01 .mu.m to 30 .mu.m, with improved properties such as surface luster and resistivity to scratch, light, chemicals, etc.

Abstract: Silicate/silica composite particulates, well adapted for detergency applications, e.g., in detergent formulations for automatic dishwashers, comprise granules having an average molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /Na.sub.2 O of from 1.2 to 2.6, a metasilicate core and an enveloping silica outer sheath therefor.

Abstract: A fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder for dental glass ionomer cement, a surface of which is treated with a fluoride in an amount of from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the glass powder, is disclosed. The fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder of the invention is improved in not only physical properties such as crushing strength but also mixing workability without impairing the inherent characteristics thereof for the dental use.

Abstract: Coated articles, for example colored pharmaceutical tablets, bearing highlighted intagliations. The articles are colored intagliated articles bearing at least one film coat comprising at least one optically anisotropic substance, for example magnesium carbonate, and at least one film coating agent. Process for manufacturing said articles.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for bonding pigment particles to phosphor particles. The process involves forming a relatively uniform blend of a phosphor, one or more pigments, colloidal silicon dioxide, and water, with the amount of water in the blend being no greater than about 10% by weight, and heating the blend at a temperature of at least about 150.degree. C. to produce a pigmented phosphor having an overcoating of silicon dioxide.

Abstract: A catholuminescent material consisting essentially of particles of copper-activated zinc sulfide cathodoluminescent phosphor having at least a partial coating of a mixture of a blue pigment of cobalt aluminate and a red pigment of iron oxide wherein the weight ratio of said blue pigment to said red pigment is from about 3.5:1 to about 4.5:1 and the weight percent of said pigments are from about 0.2% to about 2% by weight of catholuminescent phosphor. A process for producing said pigmented phosphor comprises forming the appropriate aqueous slurries by proper pH control and then by the addition of collodial silica, the pigment is coated onto the phosphor particles.

Abstract: An improved integrated circuit structure characterized by enhanced step coverage and a method of making it are disclosed. The structure comprises a base layer of silicon, a first oxide layer on the silicon layer, strips of poly silicon having selected portions thereof reacted with a metal capable of forming a metal silicide in situ on the surface of the poly silicon strips, a further oxide layer over the metal silicide, and a metal layer providing electrical contact to selected portions of the structure. The construction makes it possible to remove all of an intermediate oxide layer during manufacture except for an oxide layer above the poly load resistor. This elimination of one oxide layer, together with the integration of the conductive metal silicide and underlying poly silicon into one layer and the rounding of the metal silicide edge with oxide spacers via anisotropic etching of the intermediate oxide layer, permits better step coverage for the resulting structure.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for making a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor resistant to hydrolysis. The process involves adding to a water slurry of the phosphor a sufficient amount of a source of silicon dioxide and a water soluble salt which can be an alkaline earth metal salt or a transition group IIB metal salt with agitation for a sufficient time to form a silicate coating on the phosphor with the cation of the water soluble salt becoming the cation of the silicate coating, the amount of the coating being sufficient to impart hydrolysis resistance thereto. The resulting silicate coated phosphor is then separated from the resulting liquor and heated at a sufficient temperature for a sufficient time in ambient atmosphere to remove essentially all of the water therefrom and to produce the final hydrolysis resistant phosphor.

Abstract: A pigmented silicate coated phosphor is disclosed and a process for producing the phosphor. The process involves preparing a relatively uniform aqueous mixture of particles of a phosphor, particles of a deagglomerated pigment, and a free flowing agent and then adding a precipitating agent to the mixture in an amount sufficient to cause the free flowing agent and pigment to co-precipitate upon and coat the phosphor, followed by separating the pigmented phosphor from the resulting liquor. A relatively uniform mixture is formed of the resulting dried phosphor, a water soluble silicate, and water the water being in an amount of sufficient to allow the silicate to coat the surface of the phosphor particles. The mixture is heated at a sufficient temperature for a sufficient time with sufficient agitation to produce the final non-agglomerated silicate coated pigmented phosphor.

Abstract: A free flowing phosphate-free particulate heavy duty laundry detergent is comprised of particles of a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate having nonionic detergent in the interior and on the surface thereof, to which is adhered a coating of smaller particles of ion exchanging zeolite. The product made is exceptionally free flowing and, although the particles are relatively large, is also of high bulk density (over 0.6 g./cc.). Also within the invention is a method of making such products by contacting the particles of mixed sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate with a normally liquid or pasty nonionic detergent in the liquid state so that the detergent is largely absorbed by the particles and coats the surfaces thereof, which are then coated with powdered zeolite which adheres to the surface nonionic of the particles and makes them free flowing.

Abstract: Provided is a dielectric imaging sheet useful in electrographic imaging, wherein a particulate solid incorporated into the dielectric coating has been treated with an acyloxy or amino terminated polysiloxane. Short-chain polysiloxanes, e.g., 3 to 8 siloxane units, are preferred as the treating agent, with the amino group being preferably lower alkyl substituted and the acyloxy group being preferably lower acyloxy. Use of the specially treated particulate solid reduces moisture induced imaging defects upon using the dielectric sheet in electrographic imaging.

Abstract: Nacreous pigments having improved light fastness are based on mica platelets coated with titanium dioxide and, optionally other additional metal oxides. These pigments carry an additional thin manganese oxide layer. The pigments are prepared in a process wherein mica is coated in aqueous suspension with one or more titanium dioxide hydrate layers and, optionally, with further metal oxide layers, mixed with the titanium dioxide hydrate or separately therefrom, and then is washed, dried and calcined. The process further comprises precipitating an additional layer of manganese hydroxide onto the base pigment, either directly after coating with the titanium dioxide hydrate and/or metal oxide layers or after the calcination thereof. The flakes are the washed, dried and calcined.The new pigment can be used for pigmenting plastics, lacquers, paints and cosmetics, inter alia.

Abstract: A method for treating fumed silica in a continuous manner is provided by effecting contact between the fumed silica, while in a fluidized state, with a methyl substituted chlorosilane, hydrochloric acid and a surfactant.

Abstract: Nacreous pigments having improved transparency and tinctorial strength and based on mica flakes coated with metal oxides, have a metal oxide layer which is formed as a homogeneous mixed layer in which, in addition to titanium dioxide, there also is present silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide. These can be produced by coating mica in an aqueous suspension with a titanium dioxide hydrate layer and then washing, drying and calcining. Silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide are precipitated as a uniform layer together with the titanium dioxide hydrate. The new pigments can be used for pigmenting plastics, lacquers, paints and cosmetics, inter alia.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing superficially porous macroparticles comprising spray drying a specified well-mixed slurry of core macroparticles, colloidal inorganic microparticles and a liquid and sintering the resulting product to cause a 5%-30% decrease in surface area.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of an electrostatographic toner material comprising encapsulating a core material containing colorant with a shell material in an aqueous medium to prepare encapsulted toner particles and drying the so prepared encapsulted toner particles, the improvement which comprises washing the encapsulated toner particles with an aqueous solution of a surface active agent in advance of subjecting them to the drying procedure.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the production of zeolites of the type Na A4 having the surface modified with organosilanes. The organosilane must have at least one alkoxy group bonded to the silicon atom. The modified zeolites of the invention are used in washing and cleansing agents.

Abstract: A monolayer magnetic coating is prepared by applying magnetic particles which have an electrostatic charge in an aqueous environment to an active layer on a substrate, the active layer having an electrostatic charge in an aqueous environment opposite to the charge on the magnetic particles so that the particles bond to the active layer. The concentration of the electrolyte in which the charged particles are dispersed is adjusted to reduce the coulombic repulsive forces between the particles, permitting them to move close together and thereby increasing the magnetic particle packing in the resultant magnetic coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to support material usable as such in chromatography or as a starting material which, upon linkage to it of compounds containing ionic groups, ligands or biomacromolecules, can be used as ion exchanger, as a medium in affinity chromatography or in enzymatic reactions and consists of porous, inorganic silanized particles onto which there is covalently bonded an organic, stationary phase built up of (co)polymerized vinyl monomers containing amide groups, said inorganic particles having been silanized with an organo silane.

Abstract: This is one-component type dry developer for an electrophotography which is improved on humidification ability, and consists of mixture of toner with a particle size of 5.about.50 (.mu.) and hydrophobic flow agent. The flow agent is made by covering inorganic, organic, metallic or alloy powder with thin film of non-hydrophilic synthetic resin. By using electric conductive material as core and making a range of resin film thickness so as to cause tunnel effect of electron or ion, the flow agent which has non-hydrophilic property and electric conductive property is obtained.

Abstract: A color developer for use in a pressure- or heat-sensitive record material comprises a particulate amorphous hydrated silica/hydrated alumina composite in which the hydrated silica and hydrated alumina are chemically bound, in which hydrated silica predominates, in which the mean alumina content on a dried weight basis is at least 7.5%, based on the total weight of silica and alumina, and in which the surface area is below 300 m.sup.2 g.sup.-1. The composite may be metal-modified.

Abstract: Roofing granules coated with insolubilized reaction product of a coating composition comprising water, kaolin clay, sodium silicate, titanium dioxide and ammonium nitrate or nitrate of one or more group 1A metals.

Abstract: An SiO.sub.2 coated iron oxide powder used for the preparation of an acicular metallic iron powder or an acicular magnetic iron oxide powder, is produced by forming a slurry of hydrated iron oxide as a starting material or a iron oxide powder having pH of 8 to 14; admixing a water soluble silicate at a ratio of 0.1 to 10 mol % as SiO.sub.2 based on Fe; hydrothermally reacting said mixed slurry at 100.degree. to 250.degree. C. for 5 minutes or longer in a closed reactor, and washing, filtering and drying the product.

Abstract: Electrostatographic carrier coating compositions which provide porous carrier cores with coatings that are more uniform in thickness and complete in integrity are obtained by employing a thixotropic lacquer. The nature of the thixotropic lacquer is such that its viscosity is low under high shear rates, but high under low shear rates as found during the spreading and penetration of the lacquer on the carrier cores.

Abstract: An iron oxide pigment having a coating of a silane of the formulaR.sub.n Si(OR').sub.4-nwhereinR is an, in some cases, branched or oxygen-bridge-containing alkyl or alkenyl moiety of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aryl moiety,R' is an, in some cases, branched and, in some cases, oxygen-bridge-containing alkyl moiety of 1 to 8,n=1 to 3,or a hydrolysis product thereof; a magnetic tape containing such coated iron oxide pigment and a process for coating such iron oxide pigment. There is particularly disclosed the treatment of iron oxide magnetic pigments to thereby improve their wear resistance and dispersibility in organic mediums.

Abstract: Toner particles are prepared by a dispersion polymerization technique wherein a solvent for the monomer is included in the preparation of the discontinuous phase, and the solvent is removed prior to polymerization to increase the weight ratio of the magnetic particles present in the completed toner particles.

Abstract: A free flowing phosphate-free particulate heavy duty laundry detergent is comprised of particles of a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate having nonionic detergent in the interior and on the surface thereof, to which is adhered a coating of smaller particles of ion exchanging zeolite. The product made is exceptionally free flowing and, although the particles are relatively large, is also of high bulk density (over 0.6 g./cc.). Also within the invention is a method of making such products by contacting the particles of mixed sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate with a normally liquid or pasty nonionic detergent in the liquid state so that the detergent is largely absorbed by the particles and coats the surfaces thereof, which are then coated with powdered zeolite which adheres to the surface nonionic of the particles and makes them free flowing.

Abstract: A functionalized solid product containing sulphonate or sulphonic acid groups is prepared from an inorganic oxide containing surface hydroxy groups, e.g. silica by reacting the latter in a first stage with a haloalkyl alkoxy- or aryloxysilane. The first stage product is then reacted with an aqueous solution of an inorganic sulphite to give a product containing sulphonate groups. These can be converted to sulphonic acid groups by an optional third stage treatment with dilute mineral acid. The final products are suitable for use as adsorbent materials or catalyst supports.

Abstract: The process for producing mineral fillers with graft peroxy groups for polymers according to the present invention comprises treatment of mineral fillers, at a temperature of from 50 to 150.degree. C. under a pressure of from 1.33.10.sup.2 to 4.10.sup.5 Pa (lmmHg to 4 atm), with an organosilicon compound of the formula:R.sub.4-y SiX.sub.y or R'R.sub.3-z SiX.sub.z, whereinR is vinyl, allyl, norbornyl,X is chlorine, an alkoxy or acyloxy,y=1-3,z=1-2,R' is methyl, ethyl, propyl,whereafter the mineral filler containing graft unsaturated groups is separated from the reaction mixture, dried and ozonized with an ozone-oxygen mixture containing 4 to 6 vol.% of ozone at a temperature of from -40.degree. to +20.degree. C.The process for producing mineral fillers with graft peroxy groups for polymers is technologically simple and makes it possible to perform extending and grafting of a polymer at lower temperatures (50.degree.-140.degree. C.).

Abstract: According to the invention, the method for producing mineral polymer fillers containing graft hydroperoxide groups consists in treating mineral fillers at a temperature of 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. and a pressure of 1.33.10.sup.2 to 4.10.sup.5 Pa (1 mm Hg to 4 atm) with organosilicon compounds of the general formula:R.sub.4-y SiX.sub.yorR'R.sub.3-z SiX.sub.z,whereR is vinyl, allyl or norbornyl,X is chlorine, alkoxy or acyloxy,y=1-3,z=1-2,R' is methyl, ethyl or propyl,whereupon the mineral filler containing graft unsaturated groups is separated from the reaction mixture, dried and ozonized with an ozone-oxygen mixture containing 4 to 6 percent by volume of ozone at a temperature of -20.degree. C. to +20.degree. C. in an aliphatic saturated monohydric alcohol or aliphatic saturated monohydric acid.The method for producing mineral polymer fillers containing graft hydroperoxide groups is quite simple and makes it possible to carry out the filling and grafting of polymers at a reduced temperature of 50.degree.

Abstract: An iron oxide pigment having a coating of a silane of the formulaR.sub.n Si(OR').sub.4-nwhereinR is an, in some cases, branched or oxygen-bridge-containing alkyl or alkenyl moiety of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aryl moiety,R' is an, in some cases, branched and, in some cases, oxygen-bridge-containing alkyl moiety of 1 to 8,N=1 to 3,Or a hydrolysis product thereof; a magnetic tape containing such coated iron oxide pigment and a process for coating such iron oxide pigment. There is particularly disclosed the treatment of iron oxide magnetic pigments to thereby improve their wear resistance and dispersibility in organic mediums.

Abstract: A method of toner formation utilizing bead polymerization to produce colored particles which may be directly attrited to toner.

Abstract: A silane coupling agent of either ambi or monofunctional type, and/or an isopropyl titanate coupling agent of either ambi or monofunctional type; and/or, a glass resin thermoset silicone coupling agent of either ambi or monofunctional type which is refined siloxane chain/s with select OH groups in a carrier solution is and are sprayed or poured into hydrophilic particulate and/or fibrous, crystalline and/or amorphous inorganic substances or compounds in a high intensity mixing apparatus between about 70.degree. F. and 350.degree. F. and a silane coupling agent of either ambi or monofunctional; and/or an isopropyl titanate coupling agent of either ambi or monofunctional type; and/or, a glass resin thermoset silicone coupling agent of either ambi or monofunctional type which is refined siloxane chain/s with select OH groups in a carrier solution and hydrophilic particulate and/or fibrous, crystalline and/or amorphous inorganic substances are allowed to remain in situ at a temperature between 70.degree. F.

Abstract: A pigmented phosphor comprises a core of a phosphor particle having a light modifying layer thereon. The light modifying layer is comprised of a co-precipitated mixture of silica or pyrophosphate and a pigment which modifies the light output of the energized phosphor. The phosphor is coated by first preparing an unique pigment stock suspension containing the pigment, water, and a polyacrylamide dispersant. The stock solution is then diluted and phosphor particles are added thereto and the mixture is vigorously stirred. The pH of the mixture can be adjusted to about 5 by the addition of acetic acid and then a small amount of positively charged colloidal silica or pyrophosphate is added. After mixing, the pH is raised to about 9 by the addition of a base or a salt which causes a gel to form and the silica or pyrophosphate and the pigment to co-precipitate out upon the phosphor particles.

Abstract: A stabilized cadmium chalcogenide, in which optionally zinc and/or mercury is present in the lattice, carrying at least one coating of a sparingly-soluble sulfide is produced by adding at least one water-soluble salt of an element forming a sparingly-soluble sulfide to an aqueous chalcogenide suspension, mixing with a compound releasing sulfide ions and/or mixing the cadmium chalcogenide suspension with a soluble thio-compound of an element forming a sparingly-soluble sulfide thereby to precipitate a sparingly-soluble sulfide onto the chalcogenide, subsequently filtering, optionally washing, drying and annealing the aftertreated chalcogenide. Suitable sparingly-soluble sulfides are, for example, the sulfides of the elements Zn, Hg, In, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, V, Mo, W, Cu and Ag.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrostatic recording material which comprises kneading a hydrophobic pigment having a critical surface tension of 50 dynes/cm or less with an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer consisting of (I) 10 to 50% by weight of methacrylic acid, (II) 5 to 50% by weight of a alkenyl aromatic compound and (III) 30 to 85 % by weight of at least one member selected from the group consisting of conjugated diolefins, alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates; having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 40.degree. C or less; and having an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of 0.1 to 1.0 dl/g as measured in tetrahydrofuran at 25.degree.

Abstract: The invention concerns grafted mineral carriers comprising oxides, hydroxides and other insoluble, porous mineral compounds, upon which are grafted haloalkylsilane groups which may or may not be substituted and whose alkyl residue comprises from 3 to 11 carbon atoms. They are used as industrial catalyst carriers, in chromatography and more particularly for fixing enzymes.

Abstract: A method for making said rigid pyrolytic graphite article comprising winding a continuous, individual, refractory filament or strand around a shaped form and simultaneously pyrolyzing a mixture of methyl trichlorosilane and a hydrocarbon gas onto the filament or strand at about the point of winding contact to nucleate pyrolytic graphite and SiC from the filament or strand, winding additional turns of the filament or strand around the form, each additional turn being spaced from previously wound turns and, as each of the additional turns is wound, simultaneously pyrolyzing the mixture of methyl trichlorosilane and hydrocarbon gas thereon at about the point of winding contact and on the codeposited pyrolytic graphite and SiC nucleated from previously wound turns.

Abstract: A composite article comprises a core of a phosphor particle having a light modifying layer thereon. The light modifying layer is comprised of a co-precipitated mixture of a free-flowing agent such as silica or pyrophosphate and a pigment which modifies the light output of the energized phosphor. Also disclosed is a method of making the composite article which comprises the steps of preparing an aqueous mixture of particles of phosphor, particles of a pigment and a positively charged colloidal silica or pyrophosphate and mixing thoroughly. After mixing, a base, in the case of silica, or a salt which will form an insoluble pyrophosphate in the case of the pyrophosphate, is added thereto in sufficient amount to gel the mixture causing the silica or pyrophosphate and the pigment to co-precipitate upon and coat the phosphor particles. After the coating operation the supernatant liquid is removed and the coated phosphor is dried.