Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to process for forming a coating layer curable at ambient temperature. This disclosure is further directed to a process for forming a coating layer using a coating composition comprising a crosslinkable component and a crosslinking component that comprises: (a) one or more alkylated melamines that are essentially unreactive to a polyisocyanate, and (b) a polyisocyanate. The process and the coating composition can be particularly suitable for vehicle coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method (1) for creating a diamond structure (38) on a substrate (31). This method comprises the steps of providing (2) a substrate (31), providing (3) a mold (25) on the substrate (31), providing (4) a diamond seed solution (34) in the mold (25), and removing (6) the mold (25) such that a diamond structure (38) remains on the substrate (31).

Abstract: An electrode active material including a lithium-transition metal complex oxide having a layered rock salt structure or spinel structure and a fluorine and nitrogen introduced therein. Also disclosed is an electrode active material production method including a nitrogen introduction step of synthesizing a lithium-transition metal complex oxide (c) having a layered rock salt structure or spinel structure and a fluorine and nitrogen introduced therein, by firing a material composition including a lithium-transition metal complex oxide (a) having a fluorine introduced therein and a nitriding agent (b) being represented by the formula (1) and being solid or liquid at ordinary temperature.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the steps of: forming a laminate by laminating an electrolyte green sheet and a positive electrode green sheet; and sintering the laminate is provided. At least one of the electrolyte green sheet and the positive electrode green sheet contains an amorphous oxide glass powder in which a crystalline having a lithium ion conducting property is precipitated in the step of sintering. A solid state battery produced in accordance with the method is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vanadium oxide thin film pattern which is fabricated by using APTS (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, H2NC3H5Si(OCH3)3) or the like to prepare an APTS-SAM or the like on the surface of a substrate, irradiating this APTS-SAM with vacuum ultraviolet light through a photomask to thereby modify amino-terminal silanes into silanol groups in the exposed area, and then depositing vanadium oxide in a liquid phase using a patterned self-assembled monolayer having the amino-terminated silane surface and silanol group surface as a template for patterning the vanadium oxide, to a method of fabricating the same, and to a vanadium oxide device.

Abstract: When a conductive layer is formed, a first liquid composition containing a conductive material is applied on an outer side of a pattern that is desired to be formed (corresponding to a contour or an edge portion of a pattern), and a first conductive layer (insulating layer) having a frame-shape is formed. A second liquid composition containing a conductive material is applied so as to fill a space inside the first conductive layer having a frame-shape, whereby a second conductive layer is formed. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are formed so as to be in contact with each other, and the first conductive layer is formed so as to surround the second conductive layer. Therefore, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer can be used as one continuous conductive layer.

Abstract: A phase change ink including a colorant and a carrier including a tri-ester of the formula wherein R1, R2 and R3, and n are as defined herein.

Abstract: A method produces thermal barrier coatings that adhere to components even at high temperatures and temperatures that change frequently. A gas-tight glass-metal composite coating is applied to the component and annealed. The corroded part of the gas-tight coating is then removed, and a second, porous coating is applied. The second coating can comprise a ceramic, in particular yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide. A thermal barrier coating is provided that is a composite made of a gas-tight glass-metal composite coating and another porous coating disposed thereover. Because the boundary volume of the composite coating is partly crystallized to the other coating, superior adhesion within the composite is achieved. Thus, it is in particular possible to produce a composite made of silicate glass-metal composite coatings and yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide that are temperature-stable for extended periods of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to the marking of a material (18) with identifier marks (16), the material thus marked, and verification of the genuineness of a product on the basis of the marks. In accordance with the invention, an optical brightener is incorporated in the material (18), and marking is performed by reducing the brightness of the material at a selected location by directing local heating to this location, the mark (16) thus produced appearing with a darker shade than its environment in ultraviolet light (20). The marking is based on partial or complete destruction of the brightening effect of the optical brightener under heating. The invention is suitable for providing e.g. coated paper and board containing an optical brightener with identifier marks for preventing falsifications.

Abstract: A method of patterning a transparent conductive film adaptive for selectively etching a transparent conductive film without any mask processes, a thin film transistor for a display device using the same and a fabricating method thereof are disclosed. In the method of patterning the transparent conductive film, an inorganic material substrate is prepared. An organic material pattern is formed at a desired area of the inorganic material substrate. A thin film having a different crystallization rate depending upon said inorganic material and said organic material is formed. The thin film is selectively etched in accordance with said crystallization rate.

Abstract: Facing material useful in the manufacture of gypsum wallboard is surfaced treated in order to adhere an amount of seed crystals to improve the adhering affinity of the facing material for wet plaster thereby permitting the manufacture of gypsum wallboard with little or no added starch and reduced amounts of water. Various means for adhering the seed crystals to the facing material are described as well as, a method of converting the facing material and wallboards containing the facing material are also described.

Abstract: When a conductive layer is formed, a first liquid composition containing a conductive material is applied on an outer side of a pattern that is desired to be formed (corresponding to a contour or an edge portion of a pattern), and a first conductive layer (insulating layer) having a frame-shape is formed. A second liquid composition containing a conductive material is applied so as to fill a space inside the first conductive layer having a frame-shape, whereby a second conductive layer is formed. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are formed so as to be in contact with each other, and the first conductive layer is formed so as to surround the second conductive layer. Therefore, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer can be used as one continuous conductive layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparing methods of calcium phosphate ion solutions stabilized at a low temperature and calcium phosphate colloids which are made in the calcium phosphate ion solutions. The calcium phosphate colloids provide calcium phosphate dots, islands, or thin films by having them attached and grown on the solid surface, or calcium phosphate granules by having them grown in the solution.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink composition including water-insoluble colored particles, and water-insoluble particles that includes a carboxylate emulsifier and a water-insoluble polymer, and an ink set including at least one water-based ink composition, and a treating liquid that changes pH of the water-based ink composition.

Abstract: The present invention is a ZnO whisker film, a manufacturing method thereof and an electronic device material composed of such a ZnO whisker film, the film is composed of primarily (at least 50 mol %) of ZnO crystals, and of accumulated whisker-like particles having an aspect ratio of 2 or more, and the film has a nanostructure with both a high specific surface area and a high electrical conductivity, the film can be manufactured by adjusting one or more solution condition selected from starting material concentration, temperature and pH so as to induce the deposition of ZnO crystals, in a reaction solution system for depositing zinc oxide, and forming thereby a ZnO whisker film on a substrate.

Abstract: We disclose methods of sorting or separating mixtures of living cells (e.g., eukaryotic, prokaryotic, mammalian, pathogenic, bacterial, viral, etc.). We perform our methods by activating cell-selective photophoric labels, which photosensitize and chemically reduce a photosensitive metal compound to form metal grains, particles or crystals. The metal adheres to the cells and forms the basis for sorting or separating different cell types. Photophoric labels may include chemiluminescent agents such as peroxidase enzymes activated with peroxidase substrates capable of luminescence. Photosensitive metal compounds may be present in a light-sensitive matrix or emulsion containing photosensitizable metal compounds, which form metal grains, particles or crystals upon exposure to a developer solution. Developer solutions are formulated to substantially allow living cells to remain viable after exposure to the developing solution.

Abstract: This invention describes methods of synthesis and applications of planarized photonic crystals. Provided are simple, quick, reproducible and inexpensive methods that combine self-assembly and lithography to achieve the first examples of vectorial control of thickness, structure, area, topology, orientation and registry of colloidal crystals that have been patterned in substrates for use in lab-on-chip and photonic chip technologies. 1-, 2 and 3-D colloidal crystals patterned either on or within substrates can be used for templating inverted colloidal crystal replica patterns made of materials like silicon as well as building micron scale structural defects in such colloidal crystals.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a magnetic recording medium comprises steps of providing a non-magnetic substrate having at least one surface; forming a layer of a sol-gel on the surface, partially drying the sol-gel layer at room temperature to remove a portion of the solvent therein to form a partially dried sol-gel layer of hardness less than that of the substrate; mechanically texturing the surface of the partially dried sol-gel layer; and depositing a layer stack including at least one magnetic layer thereover. Embodiments of the invention include embossing a servo pattern in the as-deposited sol-gel layer prior to partial drying and mechanically texturing, followed by sintering at an elevated temperature to form a substantially fully dried layer having a density and hardness similar to that of glass, and formation of a thin film magnetic media layer stack thereon.

Abstract: Use of photocatalytic preparations of colloidal titanium dioxide optionally doped with a metal chosen from groups I-VA, and the lanthanide and actinide series of the periodic table, for preserving the original appearance of cementitious, stone, and marble products.

Abstract: A storage solution to maintain and perfuse organs awaiting transplantation comprising (a) an isotonic balanced solution comprising a physiologically acceptable amount of potassium, mono acidic phosphate, biacidic phosphate, chloride, sodium and bicarbonate ions; (b) 50-250 mM glucose; (c) 0.2-20 mM of an alkanoyl L-carnitine or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof; (d) 1-100 mM of L-carnitine or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof; (e) water is described. The storage solution can also include other components such as anti-oxidants and/or chelating agents.

Abstract: High areal storage density, patterned magnetic media comprising a patterned plurality of at least partially crystalline, ferromagnetic particles or grains are provided by means of a simple, economical process wherein a non-magnetic substrate is provided with a layer of an amorphous, paramagnetic or anti-paramagnetic material comprising at least one component, e.g., a metal element, which is ferromagnetic when in at least partially crystalline form, and at least partially crystallizing the at least one component at selected areas of the amorphous layer to form a spaced-apart pattern of at least partially crystallized, ferromagnetic particles or grains of the at least one component, the particles or grains being spaced apart and surrounded by a matrix of the amorphous material. Embodiments include utilizing a focussed or scanned laser source and an amorphous Ni—P layer for forming ferromagnetic Ni particles or grains.

Abstract: This invention relates to rapid curing coating compositions that are particularly useful for automotive OEM and refinish applications. The coating composition includes a binder component that contains a novel highly branched copolyester polyol, and a crosslinking component that contains conventional crosslinking agents, such as polyisocyanate and melamine. This invention is also directed to a process for producing coatings from the rapid curing coating compositions. These compositions are especially useful in providing for mar resistant and flexible coatings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for providing a proteinaceous coating on a medical implant, comprising the steps of: submersing the implant in a first aqueous solution comprising a protein and magnesium, calcium and phosphate ions through which a gaseous weak acid is passed; degassing the solution; allowing a coating to precipitate onto the implant; submersing the coated implant in a second solution to redissolve the magnesium, calcium and phosphate ions and to obtain the proteinaceous coating.

Abstract: A method of curing cracks in a ceramic shaped body made from ceramic magnet materials or ceramic superconductor materials, in which a filling material which melts at a lower temperature than the material of the shaped body or is flowable at a lower temperature than the material of the shaped body is applied to the surface of the shaped body at least in the area of a crack and/or is introduced into at least one crack, in which the shaped body with the filling material is heated to and maintained at a temperature at which the material of the shaped body does not yet melt or is not yet flowable, but at which the filling material is in at least partially molten and flowable state at least until the fused filling material can penetrate at least partially into the crack, in which the filling material consists of non-metallic or essentially of non-metallic compounds and is at least partially crystallized, and in which the shaped body with the filling material is cooled, wherein the thermal crystallization conditions

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for providing a corrosion inhibiting aqueous solution which includes zinc orthophosphate where the zinc orthophosphate is solubilized. The invention is directed to a method of making a substantially contaminant-free, concentrated aqueous solution of zinc orthophosphate from zinc metal or zinc oxide and aqueous phosphoric acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fabrication of a durable electrostatic printing plate. The electrostatic printing plate includes a substrate with an image receiving layer applied thereto. The image receiving layer includes a permanent pattern defined by an amorphous region and a polycrystalline region.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for providing a corrosion inhibiting aqueous solution which includes zinc orthophosphate where the zinc orthophosphate is solubilized. The invention is directed to a method of making a substantially contaminant-free, concentrated aqueous solution of zinc orthophosphate from zinc metal or zinc oxide and aqueous phosphoric acid.

Abstract: Semiconductor wafers are glued onto a carrier foil which is stretched across a frame. Instead of restretching the carrier foil directly at a processing machine, the foil is restretched on an adapter frame which can be stored and then later manipulated in the processing machine. The adapter frame includes a clamping ring, a base ring, and a threaded ring which secures the carrier foil.

Abstract: An article comprising a substrate, and a textured, matte-finish, low adhesion backsize coating on one surface of the substrate, wherein the coating comprises polyvinyl carbamate having nitrogen-bonded hydrocarbon side chains which provide terminal alkyl groups more than five carbons in length.

Abstract: A method of transferring a chemical activating agent from an applicator to a substrate surface involves providing an applicator having a raised application surface, applying a chemical activating agent to the application surface, contacting the substrate surface with the application surface, and removing the applicator. The chemical activating agent is transferred in a form in which it is capable of effecting a chemical reaction, such as catalysis, at the surface. Thus, following transfer of the chemical activating agent to the surface in a pattern, a metal can be plated at the substrate surface in the pattern. The applicator can be an elastomeric stamp having a raised portion defining a stamping surface.

Abstract: A process for forming a coated article having a wear resistant coating that minimizes the generation and effects of wear debris is provided. Three independent mechanisms are operative: hard crystalline debris are avoided by specifying that all coating phases harder than 1000 VHN be amorphous, large wear debris from the coating are avoided by including finely dispersed porosity in the coating, and debris in the wear area is removed by a textured surface on some portion of the coating. The process for applying the coating need not use materials that are extremely hazardous to man and the environment.

Abstract: A workpiece is processed by abrading a surface of its amorphous coat layer (12) over a substrate (10) such that Ni particles (13) and crystallized compounds (14) of Ni and P are produced locally and only on the surface of the coat layer (12) and along grooves (17) formed by abrading. Mechanical strength and anti-corrosive property of the coat layer can thus be maintained, and ferromagnetic materials can be affixed thereon and can be magnetized in a desired direction.

Abstract: There is provided a method for suppressing generation of cracks or damages on a compound semiconductor epitaxial wafer during an epitaxial growth due to growth of an epitaxial layer on the rear surface at the edge of the epitaxial layer which is located at the upstream side of the flow of the source gas. In manufacturing a semiconductor wafer by growing a single crystal semiconductor epitaxial layer having a zinc blend structure on a single crystal semiconductor substrate having a zinc blend structure, the surface of the single crystal semiconductor substrate has (100) surface orientation having an off angle and a source gas is supplied in the direction of the off angle or in a direction at 30.degree. or less to the direction at 180.degree. thereto.

Abstract: A polyester film having a nodule surface is disclosed. The acrylic coating is preferably a crosslinked composition having a relatively high methyl methacrylate content and specific surfactants. The acrylic coating composition is applied as an aqueous dispersion to polyester film, preferably after corona treatment of the polyester film. The nodule surface reduces the coefficient of friction of the polyester film. The coating composition comprises from 60 to 90 mole percent methyl methacrylate; from 10 to 35 mole percent of at least one modifier selected from the group of ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and mixtures of these; and from 3 to 10 mole percent of a crosslinkable monomer or a self-crosslinking monomer selected from the group of N-methylol methacrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide, acrylamide, methacrylamide, and mixtures of these; with from 2 to 15 weight percent of the nonionic surfactant and at least 0.1 percent by weight of the anionic surfactant.

Abstract: Solids that are subject to a deleterious reaction with a dispersion medium in which they are suspended can be safely comminuted in that dispersion medium by providing therein a surfactant capable of reacting with the solid at a faster rate than the dispersion medium can so react to thereby suppress the deleterious reaction. In particular, unsintered silicon nitride or silicon carbide which when contacted with water would decompose to form silica on their surfaces can be milled in water, without producing excessive amounts of silica. The dispersions produced are sufficiently stable to be filtered through openings of 2 microns with loss of no more than 5% of the silicon nitride or carbide. Stable dispersions of solids in liquids can be coated with a different solid by surface precipitation under conditions which preclude the formation of a bulk precipitate.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process of mixing a dispersion comprising a substantially crystalline, image receptive polyacetylenic compound in an aqueous non-solvating binder solutions with an effective ripening amount of an organic liquid boiling above 30.degree. C. which is completely miscible with water at least in a proportion of 1:2 part per parts and in which said polyacetylene is soluble for a time and at an elevated temperature sufficient to effect crystalline growth and improved sensitivity to imaging by exposure to a source of radiation.

Abstract: A highly aligned rare-earth transition metal alloy magnet material such as samarium-cobalt (SmCo.sub.5). The high degree of alignment is evidenced by an isolated X-ray diffraction pattern peak for Cu.sub.k.alpha. radiation at a interplane "d" spacing of 2.0 A.degree. and is produced by very high temperature deposition of the material on a hot surface. The surface temperature is maintained well above 800 degrees centigrade and most preferably is initially set at approximately 1020 degrees centigrade or higher at which temperature the isolated diffraction pattern peak dominates. A higher temperature typically occurs during deposition. Deposition of the material on the surface typically takes place by application of the material as a fine, homogeneously sized powder to the plasma flame of a plasma torch. The surface may be preheated by the application of the plasma flame to the surface without the application of the powdered material.

Abstract: A process for deposition of a wear-resistant coating onto a cutting tool made from a carbon-containing material by condensation of a substance by bombardment with ions of a cathode material evaporated in a vacuum chamber by means of an arc discharge, wherein prior to placing the cutting tool into the vacuum chamber it is immersed into a saturated solution of a salt, kept therein for 5 to 10 min and the solvent is evaporated till crystallization of the salt on the cutting tool surface occurs; heating of the cutting tool by ion bombardment is effected first to the temperature of decomposition of the salt crystals, whereafter the arc discharge is switched-off, the cutting tool is kept for 15 to 30 seconds, the arc discharged is re-energized and the heating is continued to the temperature of carbidization of the evaporated cathode material.

Abstract: A method for treating and cleaning stained concrete surface which involves applying a phosphoric acid-containing solution to said surface and drying same.

Abstract: Metal interlayer deposition process for depositing a metal in its zero-valent state in a spatially-controlled manner within an organic polymeric film.

Abstract: A composition is described comprising at least two co-crystallized acetylenic compounds, of different chemical structures, each containing at least one --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C-- group and substituents selected from the group consisting of sulfonate, urethane and alcohol radicals, at least one of the compounds capable of ungergoing a contrasting color change upon exposure to actinic radiation or thermal annealing, wherein the composition exhibits a substantially different thermogram than the sum of thermograms of the individual components as obtained by differential scanning alorimetry.A device is also described useful for measuring the time-temperature or radiation-dosage history of an article comprising a substrate having deposited thereon the described composition.A process is also described for producing the composition of this invention.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided for decomposing hydrazine base monopropellants and providing multiple hydrazine-ignition restarts. The catalyst comprises a carrier material selected from the group consisting of high area ceramics, and 1/2 to 8% of active iridium, ruthenium, or mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the catalyst. The active metal is deposited primarily on the exterior surface of the carrier. A second metal catalyst can be contained primarily within the interior of the carrier.The method of producing the catalyst comprises impregnating the carrier with an alcohol solution containing a salt of iridium, ruthenium, or a mixture thereof, to deposit the metal on the exterior surface only of the carrier. The precious metal is reduced to an active pure metal by contact with a fluid reducing agent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrogen-inert gas mixtures.

Abstract: Photon absorbing surfaces which are effective over a broad band of photon energies are described. These surfaces consist of a two-phase material with a protruding second phase whose dimensions are on the order of microns. Photons are absorbed by multiple reflections within the region of the protruding phase. The surfaces are produced by directional solidification of eutectic compositions to produce aligned second phase microstructures within a metallic matrix. The matrix material is then selectively removed to expose the second phase material.

Abstract: A texturized coating applied to one or both surfaces of bare or prepainted metal coil or sheet protects the surface against damage before, during, and after fabrication. The coating consists essentially of a thermosetting resin vehicle and a high molecular weight, hard, paraffin wax which, when cured, at a temperature greater than the melting point of said wax provides a reduced surface contact area of lubricating beads high in wax content.

Abstract: A hydrophilic-surfaced metallic foil capable of providing a lithographic printing plate upon imaging by the silver salt diffusion transfer process, the foil being treated with an aqueous solution of a water soluble Group IV-B hexavalent metal fluoride compound prior to imaging, and the lithographic plate so produced.

Abstract: Sensitizing processes and the resulting new articles of manufacture, suitable for the production of metallized bodies, such as printed circuits, dials, nameplates, metallized plastics, glass, ceramics and the like, comprising bases coated with a halide containing aqueous sensitizing solution of pH 1.5-4.0 that deposits a layer of copper, nickel, cobalt or iron salts or salt compositions, which on exposure to radiant energy, such as heat, light, etc., is converted to a layer of metal nuclei which is non-conductive, but which is capable of catalyzing the deposition of metal onto the base from an electroless metal deposition solution in contact with the metal nuclei.

Abstract: A method for the electroless deposition of nickel on a substrate without pretreatment of the substrate, in which the reducing agent is an amine borane compound, the relatively high pH is maintained with NH.sub.4 OH plus a strong alkali, and the complexing agent is pyrophosphate anion.

Abstract: Methods of applying stable synthetic resin compositions to porous .[.material.]. .Iadd.materials .Iaddend.the synthetic resin composition comprising: (1) a synthetic resin; (2) a polyvalent metal complex coordination compound; and (3) a water-soluble, ionically active ammonium or alkali metal salt of an acid capable of being chemically converted into an ionically inactive polyvalent metal salt of said acid by chemical reaction and precipitation or sequestration of said polyvalent metal salt, and substantially immediately destroying the stability of the synthetic resin compositions to precipitate the resin on the porous materials under controlled migration conditions.