Abstract: A method of providing a mould 1 (FIG. 1) with a release layer, in which a hydrophilic, inorganic surface 2, 4 of the mould is treated with a silane compound of the formula (R).sub.m --Si--(X).sub.4-m under anhydrous conditions.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for manufacturing self-locking fasteners in which a resin deposit of patch is applied to a portion of the threads. A resin stream entrained in a gaseous jet is directed through a nozzle which is an axial registration with the fastener. The nozzle has an end wall and an arcuate slot therein which directs application of the entrained resin to the threads of the fastener in a controlled manner.

Abstract: A method for washing an impregnated porous workpiece including a step of rotating the impregnated porous workpiece after excessive impregnant has been shaken off, in such a manner that the workpiece is immersed in and comes out of a washing liquid contained in a washing tank, forcibly causing the washing liquid to go in and out of a recessed portion such as a hole bored in the workpiece to thereby dilute and wash away residual impregnant adhering to the inside of the recessed portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thin film conductor which has a composition containing silicon and germanium as major components and has a structure in which both amorphous and microcrystalline phases are present, and a method of manufacturing the same by a CVD method. The resultant thin film conductor has characteristics, such as a high dark conductivity, a large gauge factor, a small temperature coefficient of the dark conductivity, a large thermoelectric power, and the like, and is used as a material for microelectronic devices having a sensor function.

Abstract: Encapsulated lithium including a shot shaped and sized body (10) of lithium metal encapsulated in a thin layer (12) of a predominantly fluorine substituted polyolefin based polymeric material, a method of making the same and a power plant utilizing the encapsulated lithium as fuel (FIG. 3).

Abstract: There is disclosed a mirror structure for laser printers which exhibits a high reflectance in the near infrared wavelength region, has high durability and is easy to fabricate. The mirror structure has a reflection layer formed on a substrate and comprising titanium nitride or a mixture of titanium nitride and titanium carbide.

Abstract: A method of making read-only magnetic recording media by the use of photolithographic/photoresist techniques, and the vacuum deposition of discrete bits of a high coercivity metal, followed by magnetization of said metal. A nonmagnetic substrate is covered by a layer of photoresist and a layer of high coercivity magnetic material. Selective light-pattern exposure of the resist, followed by layer-removal-procedures, cause the substrate to be covered by islands of hard magnetic material, in the pattern of a desired data track. The substrate is then subjected to the influence of a steady-state magnetic field in order to convert the metal islands into a read-only data pattern which can be read by a magnetic head. A floppy disk of this type is used to stress-test the head placement of floppy disk drives.

Abstract: An improved diaphragm for an electrolytic cell is prepared by mixing a slurry of asbestos fibers with a dispersion of titanium dioxide in isopropyl alcohol, depositing the treated asbestos fibers onto a cathode, heating the diaphragm to an elevated temperature of from about 100.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C., and allowing the diaphragm to cool.The diaphragm prepared according to this process exhibits improved mechanical strength and integrity as well as a decrease in electrical energy consumption in comparison to diaphragms prepared using conventional techniques.

Abstract: The surface of an element of a vacuum apparatus is coated with a film formed by a flame spraying method.

Abstract: A method for the production of cutting tools from an iron-based alloy and having a wear-resistant coating based on interstitial phases is provided and comprises depositing the wear-resistant coating by condensing a cathode material evaporable by an arc discharge, use being made of titanium or a titanium-based alloy as the cathode material. Upon depositing a coating of a predetermined thickness, an oxygen-containing redox gas or gaseous mixture is fed into the vacuum chamber and the cutting tool is heated up to the temperature of the eutectoid decomposition in the pseudobinary `iron-titanium` system. Thereupon the cutting tool is subjected to annealing in an atmosphere of the oxygen-containing redox gas or gaseous mixture for 10 to 40 minutes at the temperature of the martensitic transformation in the pseudobinary `iron-titanium` system.

Abstract: A self-lubricating, friction and wear reducing composite material for use over a wide temperature spectrum from cryogenic temperature to about 900.degree. C. in a chemically reactive environment comprising silver, barium fluoride/calcium fluoride eutectic, and metal bonded chromium carbide.

Abstract: A liquid permeable diaphragm formed of a major amount polyfluorocarbon fibrils and a minor amount perfluorinated ion exchange material is disclosed. Optionally, the diaphragm may also include inorganic materials such as zirconium oxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, talc, barium sulfate or potassium titanate, or hydrous inorganic gels such as magnesium oxide gel, zirconium oxide gel, titanium oxide gel or zirconyl phosphate gel. The diaphragm can be prepared by depositing the polyfluorocarbon fibrils and the perfluorinated ion exchange material from a slurry, preferably an aqueous slurry. Optionally, a pore former such as, e.g., polypropylene can be codeposited from the slurry and subsequently removed by heat or dissolution to provide the desired permeability.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic recording medium, comprising evaporating a magnetic metal material from an evaporation source to form a vapor stream of the magnetic metal material, vapor-depositing the magnetic metal material on a tape-shaped substrate moving along a cooling can such that the incident angle (.theta.) of the vapor stream which is incident upon the substrate changes continuously from a high incident angle (.theta.max) to a low incident angle (.theta.min), and at the same time introducing one or more gases selected from the group consisting of a rare gas, CO.sub.2 gas, N.sub.2 gas, and nitrogen oxide gas, or a mixed gas composed of oxygen gas and one or more gases selected from the group consisting of a rare gas, CO.sub.2 gas, N.sub.2 gas and nitrogen oxide gas from a gas inlet part disposed at a position in the vicinity of the substrate and near the vapor stream at a low incident angle (.theta.min) upon the substrate, thereby providing a ferromagnetic metal film on the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of making low resistance contacts between first and second metallization levels in integrated semiconductor circuits. In accordance with the invention, the semiconductor substrates to be cleaned are arranged on a substrate holder in a vacuum chamber. There, a gas plasma is generated by means of a getter electrode made of a material which has a high affinity for oxygen or oxygen containing compounds. This improves the vacuum by reducing the steam partial pressure. The actual cleaning of the exposed surfaces of the semiconductor substrate is effected subsequently by means of cathode sputtering through applying a radio frequency voltage to the substrate holder.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing thin film silicon solar cells by the deposition of successive passivation and silicon layers in a vacuum of low 10.sup.-4 to high 10.sup.-5 torr is disclosed. The method utilizes three principal sources: a semiconductor, gaseous ion and dopant. Evaporation at low vacuum is achieved by heating solid silicon indirectly in a crucible of refractory material or directly in a crucible of conductive material. Alternatively, the solid silicon can be heated indirectly with rf power. The gaseous plasma and dopant(s) are provided from suitable sources. The result is the deposition of semiconductor material and dopant in the presence of a gaseous plasma at low vacuum. The plasma eliminates contamination from the low vacuum.

Abstract: An evacuable wafer processing machine includes a load-lock station, a wafer transfer station separated from the load-lock station by means of a gate-valve and a wafer coating station. Wafers contained within an evacuated wafer box are loaded into the load-lock station. The load-lock station is then closed and evacuated. A pair of pneumatically-operated plungers operable within the load-lock station, pick-up and remove the covers from the wafer box. The gate-valve is opened and the box of wafers is transferred into the wafer transfer station. Within the wafer transfer station, a wafer transfer blade passes vertically through the wafer box to serially transfer the wafers between the transfer station and the wafer coating station. After all the wafers have been coated, the wafer box is transferred through the open gate-valve into the load-lock station, the gate-valve closed and the covers replaced on the wafer box.

Abstract: An anaerobic sealant material comprises an acrylate or methacrylate monomer, a hydroperoxide or pereseter initiator, an accelerator having --SO.sub.2 NHCO-functionality, and a transition metal co-accelerator gives substantially reduced moisture sensitivity if the transition metal co-accelerator is a combination of a copper salt or complex at the level of 0.5-10 ppm copper and an iron complex or salt at the level of 0.5-60 ppm iron.

Abstract: The adhesion of conductive layers to ceramic substrates in the application of such layers by low-energy techniques is improved by interposing between the high-conductivity metal layer and the substrate a layer of refractory metal which is preferably also applied by low-energy vaporization. The metal layers can be provided in succession by reversing the polarity of electrodes composed of the metals of these layers which strike an arc vaporizing the metal to be deposited. One of the electrodes can be shifted out of position and replaced by a substitute electrode and the process repeated to deposit a further layer of metal from the substitute electrode on the substrate.

Abstract: A vacuum plasma coating apparatus comprises a plasma torch arranged in a low pressure chamber and displaceable along a plurality of axes relative to the part to be coated and a device for moving the part to be coated with a plurality of degrees of freedom simultaneously with the plasma torch. In order to be able to coat a plurality of parts simultaneously with great effectiveness, a device for moving the part to be coated is constructed in such manner that it can contain a plurality of parts simultaneously, the parts being movable simultaneously and/or sequentially through the plasma jet. In each case the part nearest the plasma torch is arranged in the plasma jet in such manner that this extends at least occasionally laterally beyond an outer dimension of this part and all parts to be coated move within a predetermined spray distance range when they are located in the plasma jet.

Abstract: This invention provides a process and an apparatus for baking an organic coating which has been applied to a substrate. Such coated substrates are conventionally baked in a furnace using a mixture of combustion gas and air. This process in uneconomical in terms of energy consumption and also involves cleansing of used gases before they can be discharged into the atmosphere. The present invention provides a rapid process for baking such coatings in an inert gas atmosphere by means of short-wavelength infra-red rays. Coatings are heated in such a penetrating manner than they are baked at the substrate/coating interface and this prevents the formation of swellings.

Abstract: A process for impregnating nickel or cadmium active material into a sinte nickel coated graphite fiber composite plaque electrode in which a suspension of 1-20 micron particles of active material in ethylene glycol in a 1:1 to 1:4 weight ratio of glycol to particles is gently worked into the plaque and the ethylene glycol is then evaporated off leaving the particles of active material distributed throughout the plaque. This procedure is repeated until the desired level of loading is achieved.

Abstract: A substantially torus-shaped chamber is refurbished by installing partitions about the chamber to create isolated compartments within the chamber, and by sandblasting, painting, and curing the paint in the compartments and exhausting air from the compartments so that the dust and fumes from the compartments are not spread to adjacent ones of the compartments. In the curing process a plurality of insulated panels are installed in juxtaposed relationship with respect to the painted surfaces, and high velocity air is moved between the panels and the painted surfaces in closed paths. The recirculating air is heated to approximately 200.degree. F. and the hot air is confined substantially to the space immediately adjacent the painted surface.

Abstract: An alkali-proofed cast aluminum product having a wear-resistant surface layer thereon comprising a number of wear-resistant granules with partially projected form inserted into the surface of a base material containing aluminum as a main component, cavities open to the surface of said base material being filled with a first alkali-resistant impregnating material, and the whole surfaces of the base material including the wear-resistant granules being covered with a coating of a second alkali-resistant material is excellent in alkali resistance and prevents the wear-resistant surface from the falling out of wear-resistant granules.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coil of insulated wire impregnated with a solventless vacuum pressure impregnated resin. The resin contains polybutadiene, at least 15% of which is 1,2-polybutadiene, about 10 about 150 phr dicyclopentadiene acrylate, about 0.005 to about 0.75 phr of a free radial polymerization inhibitor, about 0.05 to about 2.5 phr of a free radial polymerization initiator, and up to about 2.0 phr of a coupling agent. An optional component is about 1 to about 80 phr of an aromatic monomer having 1 to 2 vinyl groups. Also disclosed is a method of making a vacuum pressure impregnated coil by placing a coil of insulated wire in a partial vacuum, impregnating the coil with the resin, applying pressure to the resin to force it into the interstices of the coil, and curing the resin by heating it at about 100.degree. to about 180.degree. C. for about 2 to about 16 hours.

Abstract: Rolling cone rock bit seal and bearing hard surfaces having been made fully ready for assembly are first provided thin overlay coatings to enhance the resistance of the surfaces to both wear and corrosion. The coating is an engineering ceramic comprised of at least one nonmetallic element selected from a list consisting of C, O, and N, combined with at least one metallic element selected from a list consisting of Ti, Hf, Zr, Nb, Ta, W, B, Al, Co, and Cr. In a modified physical vapor deposition process, the selected coating will be developed at a temperature not to exceed 400.degree. Fahrenheit.

Abstract: The microscopic pores, cavities and crevices of the strings and the interstices of a wound string are filled with dry lubricant particles using a moisture displacing agent and rust inhibitor as a carrier for the dry lubricant. This provides lubrication and inhibits corrosion, thus shortening initial break in periods and extending string life.

Abstract: The adhesion of conductive layers to ceramic substrates in the application of such layers by low-energy techniques is improved by interposing between the high-conductivity metal layer and the substrate a layer of a refractory metal which is preferably also applied by low-energy vaporization. The metal layers can be provided in succession by reversing the polarity of electrodes composed of the metals of these layers which strike an arc vaporizing the metal to be deposited.

Abstract: In a method for coating a surface with a layer the surface is first subjected to vacuum in a vacuum zone (V) sealed against the surface, whereupon liquid for forming the layer is supplied to the surface in a sealed pressure zone (P) following the vacuum zone. The supplied liquid is then spread out in a controlled manner, preferably by the sealing (13) terminating the pressure zone. FIG. 1.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for coating a substratum sheet material, such as woven fabrics, by first removing from the substratum material any moisture that does normally exist therein, and then coating the substratum material with a coating composition with no moisture, air or other impurities being trapped between the substratum and the coating. Novel products produced by this process comprise new compositions of sheet materials having improved weathering characteristics including stability against ultraviolet degradation for improved service in highly transparent or translucent coverings for roofs and solar devices.

Abstract: In a conventional method of impregnating die-cast articles, the sealing property is not excellent due to air being dragged into the sealant.In the present invention, the dragging of air into the sealant is prevented by adjusting the pressure of the sealant storage vessel and the pressure of the impregnation vessel to substantially the same level and then flowing the sealant from the sealant storage vessel into the impregnation vessel. After impregnation, the sealant reenters the sealant storage vessel, and pressure is applied to the die-cast articles so as to remove excessive sealant from them.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for preparing semiconducting and photoelectronic devices comprised of a first electrode means, a second counter electrode means, a receptacle means for the first electrode means and the second counter electrode means, a substrate means to be coated contained on the first electrode means, which substrate is in the form of a cylindrical member, and a gas inlet means, a gas exhaust means, wherein a silane gas is introduced into the receptacle in a crossflow direction, perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical member.

Abstract: Silicon-based solar cells devised hitherto have used crystalline silicon because of its acceptable electrical characteristics. Amorphous silicon is much cheaper and has better optical absorption characteristics, but its electrical characteristics are so poor that it cannot be used, without some additional treatment such as hydrogenation. The invention provides a method of production of solar cells using amorphous silicon in which the silicon is evaporated in a suitable vacuum onto a substrate in the presence of a positive field which opposes the migration of the positive silicon ions toward the substrate. The resulting devices are found to have much improved electrical characteristics while retaining a good absorption characteristic. A tentative hypothesis is given for the unexpected improvement.

Abstract: Quartz crucibles for the melting of silicon and ceramic substrates are coated with protective materials or metals at least in part evaporated from an electrode with which an arc is struck at low voltage and current to deposit material from the electrode on the substrate in a vacuum chamber. The electrode may be heated and the substrate may be sandblasted and preheated.

Abstract: For use in strengthening of natural or artificial structures, e.g. buildings, monuments, ruins, there is drawn under vacuum into the structure a liquid of low viscosity and comprising a monomer or monomers containing some polymer which may be polymerized in situ. The polymer may be obtained by polymerization of part of the monomer or monomers. The liquid resin is cured at ambient temperature. Acrylates and methacrylates are preferred.

Abstract: Utilizing an organometallic precursor, a metal oxide is formed within the pores of a porous sintered blank substantially uniformly throughout the porosity of the blank producing a porous bubble pressure barrier of predetermined pore size. The barrier is integrally sintered to a face of an electrode, the median pore size of the barrier being significantly smaller than that of the electrode, producing a composite useful as an electrode in a molten carbonate fuel cell. The blank and the electrode are composed of metal.

Abstract: An apparatus (2) for the impregnation of metal castings including an impregnation chamber (11) having an open end; a movable assembly (2) comprising a cover (20) for closing the open end of the impregnation chamber, a casting carrier (21), carrier transport means (22) for raising and lowering the casting carrier relative to the cover, and carrier rotating means (23); and transport means (24) for raising and lowering the movable assembly relative to the open end of the impregnation chamber. The impregnation chamber is partially filled with liquid sealant (30). The apparatus is operated to position the carrier in the impregnation chamber above the liquid sealant therein and develop a vacuum in the chamber, submerge the carrier (and castings therein) in the sealant, and then raise the carrier above the sealant level and rotate carrier to spin-off excess liquid sealant; the movable assembly is thereafter raised to unload impregnated castings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to preparation of insoluble electrodes having few surface defects and long life. The process for the preparation of electrodes comprises coating the surface of an electroconductive, corrosion resisting base metal (1) with at least one member selected from the platinum group metals and applying laser beams having energy density of 1 KW/cm.sup.2 or higher to the coated surface at a laser energy of 10 Kjoule/cm.sup.2 or less, thereby improving said surface due to its rapid heat treatment.

Abstract: A semi-conducting, stable polychelate coating is manufactured in situ on a conducting substrate providing metal coordination centers, by carrying out a controlled chelating reaction and thermal treatment on the substrate surface with a predetermined specific amount (X.sub.o) of tetranitrile compound per unit substrate area. The temperature and duration as well as this specific amount (X.sub.o) are selected from given ranges to form a uniform polychelate coatingbonded to the substrate surface.Titanium electrodes are provided with such polychelate coatings for different purposes. Electrodes with other metal substrates are further provided with such polychelate coatings.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for depositing material upon a surface, e.g. to coat the surface or to form compounds containing this material by bonding with the substrate material of the surface, in which an arc is struck between at least one solid electrode and a pool of molten metal to vaporize the molten metal and permit transfer of the metal vapors to the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved water reducible modified polyester resin. The improvement is including in the resin about 20 to about 50% by weight, based on total solids weight, of a mixture of hexamethoxymethyl melamine and methylated melamine formaldehyde in a weight ratio of about 2 to 1 to about 1 to 2. The mixture is preferably about 25 to about 35% of the resin based on total solids weight and the weight ratio of hexamethoxymethyl melamine to methylated melamine formaldelhyde is preferably about 1 to 1. The mixture should be at least about 75% by weight of any melamine resin present.

Abstract: A chalcogenide cathode is made by applying a slurry of a mixture containing at least one intercalatable layered transition metal chalcogenide cathode active material, a conductivity enhancing agent and a binding agent in a vehicle therefor to a high porosity current collector substrate which has been previously treated by applying and drying an adhesion promoting agent thereon and then heating the substrate in an inert atmosphere to drive off the vehicle and coalesce the binding agent.

Abstract: A composition of matter which is useful in a process for impregnating and sealing of porous articles, the composition comprising:(a) an azonitrile;(b) a polymerizable acrylic monomer;(c) a substituted, sterically-hindered phenol; and(d) a metal ion chelator.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a non-magnetic support having thereon a vapor-deposited solid film of a ferromagnetic material formed by vacuum evaporation, on the surface of said magnetic recording medium being further provided a vapor deposited film of an organic lubricant, a macromolecular material or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides an in-line method of impregnating a porous article, particularly a metal casting, which comprises placing the article on a support, placing a cover thereover in sealing relation with support to define an impregnation chamber, applying a reduced pressure to the cover at the upper part thereof, admitting impregnant to the chamber until it at least covers the pores, allowing the pressure to rise to substantially atmospheric, removing excess impregnant from the chamber, and removing the cover from the support. Such a method permits impregnation using a conveyor line system.

Abstract: A material is introduced into and heated within a crucible of the sealed type for vaporization purposes and the crucible includes an ejection nozzle. The vapor of the material is then ejected through the nozzle into a vacuum region to strike onto a substrate, the pressure of the vacuum region being selected to be at least 1/100 times as low as the vapor pressure within the crucible and of approximately 10.sup.-2 Torr or less. Change in ejection velocity provide control of fine structures of films when being deposited on the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel method for forming a ceramic lining layer on the inward surface of a hollow body such as a pipe. According to the invention, a thermit mixture, for example, composed of aluminum powder and an iron oxide is placed in the hollow space of the hollow body, which is rotated at a high speed so as that the thermit mixture is pressed against the wall of the hollow body by the centrifugal force and the thermit mixture is ignited, for example, by contacting with an acetylene flame.

Abstract: In the coating of a major surface of a strip article, wherein the strip surface is advanced longitudinally past a dam and, immediately beyond the dam, past an extended wall spaced from the strip surface by a gap equal to a desired wet coating thickness, a first liquid coating material is applied to the strip surface ahead of the dam and a second liquid coating material is delivered under pressure to the gap beyond the dam through one or more apertures in the wall to produce a stripe or stripes of the second coating material. The apertures can be provided in a rotatable disk, constituting a portion of the wall; rotary movement of the disk angularly displaces the apertures so as to vary the location and spacing of the produced stripes, for example in a manner simulating the appearance of natural wood grain.

Abstract: Production of a longitudinally striated coating on a strip article by advancing the article past an open side of an otherwise-enclosed trench so that the article surface to be coated closes the open trench side, while delivering concurrent laminar flows of two different liquid coating materials to the trench at least at one locality spaced from the trench open side, to keep the trench completely filled and to deposit a layer of coating material on the moving article surface. Liquid circulation in the trench caused by the motion of the article surface so distributes the two coating materials along the trench that the applied coating layer is constituted of alternating longitudinal striations of the two materials.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a non-magnetic substrate such as polyethylene terephthalate film, and deposited on the surface of the substrate by an ionized cluster beam deposition method, at least one ferro-magnetic material selected from the group consisting of cobalt, cobalt-containing alloys, mixtures of cobalt with other elements, and chromium dioxide; and a process for production thereof. The magnetic recording medium is characterized by having superior magnetic properties, especially superior coercive force, residual magnetic flux density and squareness ratio, and high mechanical strength.

Abstract: An oriented polypropylene film substrate and method of manufacturing an oriented polypropylene film having enhanced adhesion to metallized coatings which comprises the steps of coextruding the film substrate having a homopolymer polypropylene core layer, and an ethylene propylene outer layer on at least one side of the core layer, the core and outer layers containing no slip agent. The film substrate is biaxially oriented, and the outer layer is corona treated. A metal coating is then deposited on the corona treated outer layer.