Abstract: A continuous annealing system and a continuous annealing method with which it is possible to achieve an annealing atmosphere having a low dew point which is suitable for annealing a steel strip containing easily oxidizable metals such as Si and Mn at low cost and with stability by preventing easily oxidizable metals such as Si and Mn in steel from being concentrated in a surface portion of a steel strip and preventing the formation of oxides of easily oxidizable metals such as Si and Mn.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for avoiding surface defects, which are caused by zinc dust, on galvanized metal strip in continuous strip galvanization, in which metal strip which is to be galvanized and is heated in a continuous annealing furnace is moved through a furnace pipe in protective furnace gas and is immersed into a zinc bath, wherein the furnace pipe is provided with injection openings via which the front side and the rear side of the metal strip can be acted upon with protective furnace gas, and wherein extraction openings for extracting protective furnace gas loaded with zinc vapor are arranged adjacent to the injection openings.

Abstract: Provided is a vertical annealing furnace, in which a heating zone and a soaking zone are communicated with each other in the upper part of the furnace, in which a part of the furnace other than the communicated parts is separated by a dividing wall, in which part of the furnace gas is suctioned into a refiner having a deoxidation device and a dehumidification device which is placed outside the furnace to decrease the dew point of the gas by removing oxygen and moisture from the gas and such that the resultant gas having a decreased dew point is returned into the furnace, in which a gas suction port into the refiner is located in the lower part of the connection part between the soaking zone and the cooling zone and in which one or more gas suction ports are located in the parts of the heating zone and/or the soaking zone outside of an area within 6 m in the vertical direction and 3 m in the longitudinal direction of the furnace from the steel strip entrance in the lower part of the heating zone.

Abstract: A coil scheduling system and a method for electrogalvanizing line in steel industry are disclosed. In addition to considering the minimum changeover of physical parameters such as post-processing mode, width, thickness between every two adjacent steel coils, the method of the present invention further considers the influence of selecting coils on the production system stability due to the changeover of post-processing mode, width and thickness, and, thereby less adjusting the production equipment. Thus, the coils are smoothly produced, and more reasonable production process is obtained. The result of comparing the coil production schedule controlled by coil scheduling system for electrogalvanizing line in steel industry of the present invention with that of the production schedule determined manually shows that the number of changeover is reduced by 31.51%, and the adjustment of the production equipment is effectively reduced. Thus, the product quality is improved, and the enterprise benefit is increased.

Abstract: The galvannealed steel sheet includes: a galvannealed layer formed on at least one surface of a steel sheet and contains includes an amount of 0.05 mass % to 0.5 mass % of Al, an amount of 6 mass % of 12 mass % of Fe, and the balance composed of Zn and inevitable impurities; and a mixed layer formed on a surface of the galvannealed layer and includes a composite oxide of Mn, Zn, and P and an aqueous P compound, wherein the composite oxide includes 0.1 mg/m2 to 100 mg/m2 of Mn, an amount of 1 mg/m2 to 100 mg/m2 of P, and Zn, and a P/Mn ratio is 0.3 to 50, and wherein the total size of an area of the mixed layer in which an attached amount of P is equal to or more than 20 mg/m2 is 20% to 80% of a surface area of the mixed layer.

Abstract: A continuous annealing furnace for annealing steel strips that is a vertical-type annealing furnace is configured so that part of gas inside the furnace is drawn and introduced to a refiner disposed outside the furnace including an oxygen removing apparatus and a dehumidifying apparatus, oxygen and moisture contained in the gas are removed to lower the dew point of the gas, and the gas having a lowered dew point is put back into the furnace. At least one gas inlet through which gas is drawn from the furnace into the refiner is disposed in the vicinity of the entry side of the furnace at a distance of 6 m or less in the vertical direction and 3 m or less in the furnace-length direction from the steel-strip-introduction section located at the lower part of the heating zone.

Abstract: Provided is a vertical annealing furnace, in which a heating zone and a soaking zone are communicated with each other in the upper part of the furnace, in which a part of the furnace other than the communicated parts is separated by a dividing wall, in which part of the furnace gas is suctioned into a refiner having a deoxidation device and a dehumidification device which is placed outside the furnace to decrease the dew point of the gas by removing oxygen and moisture from the gas and such that the resultant gas having a decreased dew point is returned into the furnace, in which a gas suction port into the refiner is located in the lower part of the connection part between the soaking zone and the cooling zone and in which one or more gas suction ports are located in the parts of the heating zone and/or the soaking zone outside of an area within 6 m in the vertical direction and 3 m in the longitudinal direction of the furnace from the steel strip entrance in the lower part of the heating zone.

Abstract: The invention provides a steel sheet for hot press-forming that can reliably give hot press-formed parts having excellent paint adhesiveness, perforation corrosion resistance and joint corrosion resistance, and also provides a method for manufacturing the steel sheet for hot press-forming, and a method for producing hot press-formed parts using the steel sheet for hot press-forming. The steel sheet for hot press-forming includes a base steel sheet and a Zn-based coating layer with a mass of coating of 10 to 90 g/m2 on the base steel sheet, wherein the average ferrite grain diameter in the surface microstructure of the base steel sheet is not more than 20 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diffusion treatment of a coating on an engineering part resistant to marine climate, comprising: Step 1. pretreating the part; Step 2. preheating the part in a protective atmosphere furnace; Step 3. immersing the pre-heated part in a plating solution in a way that the part is rotated in the submerging process; Step 4. carrying out diffusion treatment, i.e., placing the immersion-plated part into a vacuum furnace, maintaining at 800 to 950° C. for 1 to 3 hours, and then cooling it down prior to discharge, such that atoms at an interface are diffused to form a diffusion layer on a substrate, achieving metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate. Treatment by the method of the present invention enables the part to have full resistance to corrosion and scouring erosion under marine climate.

Abstract: A method of controlling “rough coating” and “pinhole-uncoated” surface defects on a steel strip coated with a aluminum-zinc-silicon alloy. The alloy has 50-60% wt Al, 37-46% wt Zn and 1.2-2.3% wt Si. The method includes heat treating the steel strip in a heat treatment furnace and thereafter hot-dip coating the strip in a molten bath and thereby forming a coating of the alloy on the steel strip. The method is characterized by controlling the concentration of (i) strontium or (ii) calcium or (iii) strontium and calcium in the molten bath to be at least 2 ppm.

Abstract: A high strength galvanized steel sheet excellent in coating adhesiveness is made from a base material that is a high strength steel sheet containing Si, Mn, and Cr. A method includes performing an oxidation treatment on steel containing Si, Mn, and Cr in an oxidation furnace under the condition that a selected exit temperature T, reduction annealing and a galvanizing treatment, or optionally, further an alloying treatment under conditions that heating is performed at a temperature of 460° C. or higher and 600° C. or lower for an alloying treatment time of 10 seconds or more and 60 seconds or less.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can provide a method for producing hot dip galvannealed steel sheet which exhibits high strength, high ductility, and a significant degree of alloying. Such exemplary method can be applied to, e.g., a pickled hot rolled steel sheet or an annealed and pickled cold rolled steel sheet containing between about 0.02% and about 0.2% C and between about 0.15% and about 2.5% Mn, and may include one or more procedures for rinsing the sheet, preplating the sheet with Ni, rapidly heating the sheet in a nonoxidizing atmosphere to a sheet temperature of about 430° C. to 500° C., then hot dip plating the sheet in a galvanizing bath containing between about 0.05% and about 0.2% Al, and then immediately heating the sheet rapidly for an alloying treatment. Such exemplary method can provide an improved alloying speed, improved plating appearance and better plating adhesion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing coated paper which consistently performs a papermaking process, a coating process, and a flattening process and includes a coating facility formed of a combination of a roll coater coating facility and first and second coating facilities in which coating methods are different from that of the roll coater coating facility, and the roll coater coating facility is provided between the first and second coating facilities.

Abstract: An annealing and manufacturing method of hot-dip galvanized steel strips includes suppression of oxide formation of elements in the steel strips. An annealing furnace includes a heating zone, a soaking zone, and a cooling zone in which a portion of gas is introduced to decrease the gas dew point. A gas suction rate Qo1 in a portion of the cooling zone, a gas suction rate Qo2 in an upper portion and a gas feed rate Qi2 in a lower portion of the soaking zone, a gas feed rate Qi1 in a connection part between the soaking and cooling zones, an atmosphere gas supply rate Qf1 into the cooling zone and its subsequent zone, an atmosphere gas supply rate Qf2 into the soaking zone, an internal volume Vs of the soaking zone, and an average furnace temperature Ts of the soaking zone satisfy relationships including 0.3×Qf1<Qo1.

Abstract: The invention deals with a process for manufacturing a hot-dip galvanized or galvannealed steel sheet having a TRIP microstructure, said process comprising the steps consisting in: -providing a steel sheet whose composition comprises, by weight: 0.01?C?0.22%, 0.50?Mn?2.0%, 0.2?Si?2.0%, 0.005?Al?2.0%, Mo<1.0%, Cr?1.0%, P<0.02%, Ti?0.20%, V?0.40%, Ni?1.0%, Nb?0.20%, the balance of the composition being iron and unavoidable impurities resulting from the smelting, -oxidizing said steel sheet in a direct flame furnace where the atmosphere comprises air and fuel with an air-to-fuel ratio between 0.80 and 0.95, so that a layer of iron oxide having a thickness from 0.05 to 0.2 ?m is formed on the surface of the steel sheet, and an internal oxide of Si and/or Mn and/or Al is formed, -reducing said oxidized steel sheet, at a reduction rate from 0.001 to 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal pipe which is for vehicle piping and which exhibits high corrosion resistance without the corrosion resistance being strengthened by means of a coating or a resin coating-layer, due to a hot-dip plating coating-layer being formed by applying a hot-dip plating to the pipe. The disclosed metal pipe for vehicle piping has a plating coating-layer formed on the surface of a formed metal pipe, said plating coating-layer being formed by means of hot-dip plating on the surface of the metal pipe, and the plating coating-layer being formed from a hot-dip plating alloy comprising at least 3 weight % Al, 1-15 weight % Mg, and Zn and unavoidable impurities as the remainder.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for continuously annealing and preparing a strip of high-strength steel for the purpose of hot-dip coating it in a bath of liquid metal, in which said steel strip is treated in at least two sections, comprising in succession, when considering the direction of advance of the strip: a section called the heating and holding section, in which the strip is heated and then held at a given annealing temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere; and a section called the cooling and transfer section, in which the annealed strip at least is cooled and undergoes complete reduction, in a reducing atmosphere, of the iron oxide present in the oxide layer formed in the previous section, in such a way that the oxidizing atmosphere is separated from the reducing atmosphere, a controlled oxygen content is maintained in the heating and holding section between 50 and 1000 ppm, and a controlled hydrogen content is maintained in the cooling and transfer section at a value of less than 4% and p

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can provide a method for producing hot dip galvannealed steel sheet which exhibits high strength, high ductility, and a significant degree of alloying. Such exemplary method can be applied to, e.g., a pickled hot rolled steel sheet or an annealed and pickled cold rolled steel sheet containing between about 0.02% and about 0.2% C and between about 0.15% and about 2.5% Mn, and may include one or more procedures for rinsing the sheet, preplating the sheet with Ni, rapidly heating the sheet in a nonoxidizing atmosphere to a sheet temperature of about 430° C. to 500° C., then hot dip plating the sheet in a galvanizing bath containing between about 0.05% and about 0.2% Al, and then immediately heating the sheet rapidly for an alloying treatment. Such exemplary method can provide an improved alloying speed, improved plating appearance and better plating adhesion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hot dip galvannealed steel sheet, including the steps of: subjecting a steel sheet to hot dip galvanizing to manufacture a hot dip galvanized steel sheet; heating the hot dip galvanized steel sheet for alloying; subjecting the hot dip galvanized steel sheet to temper rolling; bringing the temper-rolled hot dip galvanized steel sheet into contact with an acid solution containing at least one ion selected from the group consisting of Zr ions, Ti ions, and Sn ions to thereby form an acid solution film on the surface of the steel sheet; after completion of the contact, a state where the acid solution film is formed on the surface of the steel sheet is held for at least 1 second; and washing with water the hot dip galvanized steel sheet after holding, to thereby form a Zn oxide layer having a thickness of 10 nm or more on the surface of the galvanized steel sheet.

Abstract: The present invention is of zinc or zinc alloy coated steel for hot forming having an inorganic overlay covering the zinc or zinc alloy coating to prevent loss of zinc during heating and hot forming. In one embodiment, the inorganic overlay has a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of zinc oxide. In another embodiment, the inorganic overlay has a compositional gradient interface with the zinc or zinc alloy coating. Preferably the inorganic overlay may be comprised of material selected from phosphates, oxides, nitrates, carbonates, silicate, chromate, molybdate, tungstate, vanadate, titanate, borate, fluoride and mixtures thereof. A method of preparing the steel for hot forming and a method for hot forming the steel are provided.

Abstract: A high-strength quenched formed body containing a layer on the surface of an after-quenching formed-body steel material in which layer Zn is a major component and which layer contains 30% by mass or less of Fe, and which layer is present in an amount of 30 g/m2 or more. A quenched formed body is produced by quenching a zinc-plated steel material which includes a zinc-plated layer containing each of Al and Si having alloying-retarding function and readily-oxidizing function independently or compositely, in an amount of 0.15% by mass or more, after heating it to 800° C. or more and 950° C. or less in an oxidizing atmosphere containing 0.1% by volume or more of oxygen.

Abstract: The invention provides a hot-dip galvanized steel plate with high adhesion between a plating layer and base steel, and belongs to the field of manufacturing hot-dip galvanized steel plates. Atomic concentration ratio Al/Zn of Al and Zn in a Fe-Al intermediate transition layer between a base steel and a plating layer of the hot-dip galvanized steel plate is 0.9-1.2. The plating layer did not have ? phase, but has relatively thin ? phase and little ? phase. The plating layer mostly consists of ? phase, thus obviously improving adhesion, scratch resistance and wear resistance of the plating layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a hardened steel part having a cathodic corrosion protection, whereby a) a coating is applied to a sheet made of a hardenable steel alloy in a continuous coating process; b) the coating is essentially comprised of zinc; c) the coating additionally contains one or more oxygen-affine elements in a total amount of 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight with regard to the entire coating; d) the coated steel sheet is then, at least in partial areas and with the admission of atmospheric oxygen, brought to a temperature necessary for hardening and is heated until it undergoes a microstructural change necessary for hardening, whereby; e) a superficial skin is formed on the coating from an oxide of the oxygen-affine element(s), and; f) the sheet is shaped before or after heating, and; g) the sheet is cooled after sufficient heating, whereby the cooling rate is calculated in order to achieve a hardening of the sheet alloy.

Abstract: Metallic tube, pipe and conduit are made in a continuous process that includes a zinc galvanization stage, a first passivation stage, a second passivation stage and a third passivation stage. A colorant is added to the tube, pipe or conduit during the continuous manufacturing process, and the colorant imparts the appearance of a color, such as red. The continuous movement of the tube, pipe or conduit is not halted during normal operation of the tube, pipe or conduit manufacturing and coloring process.

Abstract: A high-strength quenched formed body containing a layer on the surface of an after-quenching formed-body steel material in which layer Zn is a major component and which layer contains 30% by mass or less of Fe, and which layer is present in an amount of 30 g/m2 or more. A quenched formed body is produced by quenching a zinc-plated steel material which includes a zinc-plated layer containing each of Al and Si having alloying-retarding function and readily-oxidizing function independently or compositely, in an amount of 0.15% by mass or more, after heating it to 800° C. or more and 950° C. or less in an oxidizing atmosphere containing 0.1% by volume or more of oxygen.

Abstract: A method produces a hardened galvanization of a continuously-running rolled steel strip. The strip is immersed in a coating tank containing a bath of a liquid metal mixture, e.g. zinc and aluminum, to be deposited on the strip, and permanently circulated between the coating tank and a preparation device. The temperature of the liquid mixture is deliberately lowered in order to reduce the iron solubility threshold and sufficiently high for initiating, in the preparation device, the fusion of at least one Zn—Al ingot in an amount necessary for compensating for the liquid mixture used for deposition on the strip. The device is implemented so that the circuit for circulating the liquid mixture is thermally optimized.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steel tube with superior corrosion-resistance treated with plating and a manufacturing method of the same. The manufacturing method of the steel tube includes the steps of: preheating a steel tube formed through a milling process; maintaining the temperature of the preheated steel tube above a predetermined temperature, and creating a reduction atmosphere; melting an Al—Zn alloy containing 55 wt % of aluminum and 43.4-44.9 wt. % of zinc, and plating the molten alloy over the surface of the steel tube; cooling the steel tube; and coating the surface of the steel tube with a resin.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for continuously annealing and preparing a strip of high-strength steel for the purpose of hot-dip coating it in a bath of liquid metal, in which said steel strip is treated in at least two sections, comprising in succession, when considering the direction of advance of the strip: a section called the heating and holding section, in which the strip is heated and then held at a given annealing temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere; and a section called the cooling and transfer section, in which the annealed strip at least is cooled and undergoes complete reduction, in a reducing atmosphere, of the iron oxide present in the oxide layer formed in the previous section, in such a way that the oxidizing atmosphere is separated from the reducing atmosphere, a controlled oxygen content is maintained in the heating and holding section between 50 and 1000 ppm, and a controlled hydrogen content is maintained in the cooling and transfer section at a value of less than 4% and p

Abstract: Economic production of highly corrosion-resistant flat steel products with a corrosion protection system, which are at the same time easy to process further, is described. The following work steps are applied: preheating the steel substrate to a strip temperature under inert gas atmosphere; cooling the steel substrate to the strip inlet temperature; hot dip coating of the steel substrate in a zinc bath so that a metallic corrosion protection coating is formed on the steel substrate which has an Al content of max 0.5 wt. % in an intermediate layer; adjusting the thickness of the metallic corrosion protection coating applied to the steel substrate in the melt bath to values of 3 to 20 ?m per side by scraping away excess coating material; cooling the steel substrate with the metallic corrosion protection coating; and applying the organic coating to the metallic corrosion protection coating of the steel substrate.

Abstract: A device and method for thermally galvanizing objects, in particular metal objects, includes pretreating an object for treating. The pretreated object is arranged in a flux bath for fluxing of the object and arranged in a zinc bath in order to have the material of the object react with zinc and to apply a zinc-containing layer to the object. The pretreating includes blasting the object with grains so as to remove at least the surface layer.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for zinc plating a meter set assembly used in gas delivery applications, wherein a zinc plating is applied to a steel substrate formed in the configuration of a meter bar. Once the zinc plating is applied through electrodeposition, the meter set assembly is then outgassed in an oven as by curing at 425°-475° F. for 20-35 minutes to drive away any gasses that may be trapped within the zinc coating. Following the outgassing process, a polyester powder coating is applied to the external surfaces of the meter bar.

Abstract: Diffusion metallic anticorrosive zinc-iron-aluminum coatings of iron and iron-based item surfaces, realized by heating of products at temperatures of 370–450° C. in a saturating powder mixture environment in a closed container. The coating compositions are multiphase-polymetallic, and comprise zinc, iron and aluminum. Other elements may be added to attain specific coating properties. This coating exhibits a high corrosion resistance (at least a 700-hour corrosion resistance level in a standard salt spray test), a relatively high hardness level and good adhesion to secondary coatings.

Abstract: A method for hot dip galvanizing of hot-rolled steel strip, wherein in a first method step, the strip (50) is introduced into a pickling station (10-13) and a layer of scale and reaction products are removed from the strip surface in the pickling station. In another method step, the strip (50) is introduced into a rinsing station (21-23) and residues of the pickle and pickling products are removed from the strip surface in the rinsing station, and subsequently the strip is introduced into a drying station and is dried. And from there, in another method step, the strip is introduced into a furnace (40) and is adjusted to galvanizing temperature under a protective gas atmosphere. In a last method step, the strip is guided through a galvanizing bath and the surface of the (50) is coated with a hot dip galvanizing layer in the galvanizing bath, wherein the strip temperature in the furnace (40) is adjusted at most to 50° K. above immersion temperature of the strip (50) into the zinc bath.

Abstract: A dual phase high strength cold rolled steel having controlled amounts of carbon, manganese, and molybdenum is used as a starting material in a galvanizing/galvannealing process. Conditions in a multi-zone furnace of the galvanizing line can be controlled in a conventional manner while still effectively coating the high strength steel. A dual phase high strength steel product is made having a uniform coating of zinc in spite of the high manganese content of the steel.

Abstract: A zinc coating directly covers a bare ferrous base of parking meter housing parts. A non-epoxy thermosetting electrically insulating organic non-epoxy powder coating directly covers the zinc coating. The organic coating is directly applied to the zinc coating by electrostatically charging the powder and parts with opposite d.c. voltage polarities and by heating the powder so it adheres to and covers the zinc coating. Alternatively, the base is zinc, directly covered by the organic powder coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to galvanized steel having a high aluminum content in the coating, as well as a batch hot-dip galvanization process for making such steel. The galvanized steel herein has a coating comprising an inner layer of intermetallic iron aluminum compounds, such as Fe2Al5 (which may have some zinc present), and an outer layer of intermetallic zinc aluminum compounds containing from about 17% to about 40% (preferably about 22%, the Zn—Al eutectoid) aluminum (which may have some iron present). The batch hot-dip galvanization process for making such steel comprises: (a) fluxing the steel by electroless plating on the surface of the steel of a metal such as tin, copper or nickel; and (b) dipping the fluxed steel into a molten galvanization bath comprising zinc and from about 17% to about 40% aluminum.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production of coated metallic bands obtained by physical phase vapor deposition includes the following steps carried out on a band, eventually coated with zinc or its alloys, in motion and maintained in a vacuum environment: heating the band to be coated; activating the band surface; heat stabilizing the band; depositing a zinc layer on the metallic band; secondary heat stabilizing the band; and depositing one or more elements or compounds on the zinc layer, these elements being able to synergistically interact with the zinc layer to obtain high corrosion resistance, weldability, ductility, and adhesion.

Abstract: A process for non-continuous galvanization of a metal object with a Zn—Al alloy including the steps of pre-coating the object with a metallic layer of sufficient thickness to protect the object from oxidation and yet sufficiently thin to permit the pre-coating to substantially completely react with or dissolve in the molten Zn—Al bath, subjecting the precoated object to a surface activation treatment by immersing it in hydrochloric acid and thereafter allowing the surface to dry with a protective coating of a chloride salt, and thereafter immersing the object in the Zn—Al bath.

Abstract: A production method for a lead-containing hot-galvanized chromated steel sheet with excellent resistance to blackening and white rust formation comprises: (a) plating a steel sheet in a hot-galvanizing bath containing 0.05-0.3 wt. % lead and 0.1-0.3 wt. % aluminum; (b) coating this with a chromating solution containing chromium (VI) ions, chromium (III) ions and nitrate ions in which the Cr(III)/Cr(VI) molar ratio is 1/9-1/1 and the nitrate ion to total chromium ion molar ratio is 0.1-1.6; and (c) without washing with water, drying the sheet at 40-250 deg. C., to form a 5-50 mg/m integral 2 (in terms of chromium) chromate film.

Abstract: A batch process for making galvanized steel products with a low lead or no lead zinc coating is described. Metal parts are cleaned, rinsed, pickled and rinsed and are immersed in a hot, pre-flux solution and thoroughly dried before they are immersed in a molten zinc bath. The dryer system includes a mechanism for rotating the batch of parts as they are dried. In one embodiment of the invention, a batch of steel pipe is dried by hot air having a maximum temperature of 125° C. The descrambler system rotates the pipe and moves the pipe in contact with the divider apparatus to separate the pipe in the dryer. The pipe, thoroughly dried, is immersed into a molten zinc bath having less than 0.05% by weight lead, and the use of a top-flux on the molten zinc bath is optional.

Abstract: A steel material subjected to preliminary treatments to remove an oxide film on the surface is immersed in a molten flux bath in an independent vessel and thereafter immersed in a molten zinc-aluminum alloy bath in a separate vessel to be galvanized with a coating of the alloy. The molten flux bath consists essentially of 5-25 wt % of an alkali metal chloride, typified by sodium chloride, or an alkaline earth metal, and the balance being zinc chloride. The flux bath may additionally contain 1-5 wt % of an alkali metal fluoride typified by sodium fluoride. The method allows for inexpensive, efficient and one-stage galvanizing with a corrosion-resistant molten zinc alloy of a high aluminum content to produce a smooth, uniform and beautiful galvanized layer on the surfaces of various steel materials.

Abstract: A process for galvanizing a metal strip having a given area in a continuous galvanizing line through which the strip is run at a given speed comprising, in series, the steps of: (iii) pre-heating the metal strip; (iv) annealing the metal strip; (v) cooling the metal strip; (vi) dipping the metal strip into a bath comprising liquid zinc or a liquid zinc alloy, the steps (i)-(iv) being maintained in closed fluid contact with each other; (vii) circulating a reducing atmosphere comprising an inert gas and hydrogen to the steps (i)-(iv) in the galvanizing line and exposing the metal strip, before the step (iv) of dipping the metal strip into the bath, to the reducing atmosphere in order to remove oxides present on its surface, (viii) replenishing the reducing atmosphere in the galvanizing line by injecting the reducing atmosphere into the line and adjusting the hydrogen flow rate depending on the area of the metal strip to be treated per unit time.

Abstract: The invention concerns a compound of formula (I) in which m is to 0 or 1 Iso is the (poly)isocyanate radical (after elimination of an isocyanate function); R10 is selected among: a negative charge; a hydrocarbon-based radical (i.e. a residue containing hydrogen and carbon atoms) having a carbon as it binding point [i.e. the atom carrying the open bond ]; R11 is selected among: a negative charge. The invention is applicable to organic synthesis.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method for hot-dip galvanizing and galvannealing which employs a bath of zinc and aluminum. Strips are immersed in the bath to produce substantially dross-free galvannealed and galvanized strips. The bath can have substantially the same effective aluminum concentration during galvannealing as during galvanizing, and the temperature set-point of the bath is at a temperature of about 440° C. to about 450° C.

Abstract: A method for hot-dip coating a steel strip comprises: (a) continuously annealing the steel strip in an annealing furnace; (b) introducing the annealed steel strip into a molten metal coating bath through a snout; (c) dipping the annealed steel strip into the molten metal coating bath; (d) controlling a pressure inside of the snout; and (e) discharging a gas containing a metal vapor from the snout to outside of the snout. An apparatus comprises an annealing furnace, a coating pot, a control device for controlling a pressure inside the snout and a gas discharging device.

Abstract: A method is provided for zincating aluminum substrates for metal plating thereon wherein the plated aluminum product has smoothness, dimensional integrity and increased production yield of the plated products. The substrates also have enhanced paramagnetic thermal stability of ENP coatings used on memory disk products. A zincate bath contains as additives Fe.sup.+3 and NaNO.sub.3, and a chelator to chelate the iron, with a preferred iron chelator being Rochelle Salt and with the amount of Fe.sup.+3 being controlled at a preferred concentration of 0.2 to 0.3 g/l. A preferred zincating method employs an etchant composition comprising HNO.sub.3, H.sub.2 S0.sub.4 and H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 to etch the aluminum substrate prior to zincating. Use of this etchant composition, either alone or with the zincate bath of the invention, is particularly effective for aluminum substrates which have been ground to a smoothness of less than 100 .ANG..

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for coating zinc on steel sheets for use on automobiles and electronic apparatuses are disclosed. A fluidized bed forming chamber is provided to fluidize zinc powders in carrying out a zinc coating on a heated steel sheet, so that not only a uniformly coated layer but also a thick coated layer can be obtained. The apparatus for continuously coating zinc on a steel sheet according to the present invention includes a zinc coating chamber for forming a fluidized bed of zinc powders, for passing a heated steel sheet through the fluidized bed of the zinc powders, and for making the zinc powders melt-adhere on the steel sheet during its passing through the fluidized bed. A fluidized bed forming chamber forms a fluidized bed of the zinc powders by making the zinc powders suspended by spouting a gas.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the metallizing of precision machine parts coupled with heat-treatment and machining to insure the minimal handling the remachining generally required due to dimensional distortion resulting from the standard heat-treatment used in hardening the metallized coating.

Abstract: A hot dip coating pot for containing a coating material in a liquid state. The coating pot comprises a substantially horizontal bottom and substantially vertical side walls. The bottom and the side walls define a first interior volume for containing the coating material. The bottom wall and a lower portion of each of the side walls defines a bottom portion which is separable from an upper portion of the side walls. The bottom portion has a predetermined interior volume less than the first interior volume.

Abstract: A coating apparatus and method for applying a coating to a workpiece, comprising:a vessel to contain molten metal;an induction coil disposed about said vessel; and,temperature regulation means;wherein, in use, said induction coil induces a magnetic field within said vessel such that a meniscus of molten metal is formed above said vessel, through which said workpiece is passed for coating, whilst said temperature regulation means regulates temperature of said molten metal and/or controls the meniscus height of said meniscus.