Abstract: A heat-sensitive stencil having a thermoplastic resin film, and a porous resin layer formed thereon. The stencil has an air permeability in the range of 1.0 cm.sup.3 /cm.sup.2 .multidot.sec to 157 cm.sup.3 /cm.sup.2 .multidot.sec in a portion thereof when the thermoplastic resin film of the portion is perforated to form perforations providing an open ratio S.sub.O /S.sub.P of at least 0.2, wherein S.sub.O represents a total area of the perforations and S.sub.P represents the area of the portion. The heat-sensitive stencil is prepared by applying a coating liquid containing the resin of the porous resin layer to the thermoplastic resin film and drying the coating. The coating liquid contains a mixture of a good solvent and a poor solvent less vaporizable than the good solvent so that the porous resin layer is formed after drying.

Abstract: A method of applying a smooth thin waterproof coating on engineered particleboards including oriented strand boards, thereby permitting the use of such boards for applications wherein the boards are exposed to moisture, including, for example, foundation forms, roof sheathing, basement walls, etc. The method of this invention includes applying a thin liquid cementitious coating on a surface of an engineered particleboard having a moisture content preferably less than three percent, wherein the cementitious coating fills the interstices between the particles and coats the surface. The cementitious coating is then dried and the surface is abraded to receive a thin liquid curable polyurethane coating over the cementitious coating. Finally, the exposed surface of the polyurethane coating is heated to remove surface imperfections and cure the polyurethane coating.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating and drying coated substrates without introducing significant surface imperfections while running at higher web speeds than known drying methods. The substrate is preferably coated within the drying enclosure or the coating bead may form a closure at the entrance of the drying enclosure. The substrate is moved through a first drying enclosure along a first axis. The first drying enclosure is substantially isolated from an external environment. A first low velocity, substantially laminar flow field of a drying gas is directed across the front surface of the substrate. The first flow field is generally parallel to the front surface and generally perpendicular to the first axis to minimize the formation of surface imperfections during the evaporation of the coating solvent. The substrate may then be moved to subsequent drying enclosures through transition enclosures that minimize surface imperfections due to high velocity interaction between the adjacent drying enclosures.

Abstract: A lining material for forming a tight barrier coating on a base material. The lining includes a thermoplastic polymer that does not cross-link in an aqueous dispersion. The thermoplastic polymer is 65%-85% of lining by dry matter weight. The lining also includes an additive including at least one particulate material having barrier-forming properties and in an aqueous dispersion. The additive is 15%-35% of the lining by dry matter weight. At least 95% of the particles of at least one particulate material fulfill the condition that the ratio between the largest and the smallest dimension of a particle of the particulate material is greater than 5:1.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for two-sided coating of a printing-paper web with a coating paste or equivalent. In the method, the paper web is passed through the coating part of the paper machine, in which the first side of the web is coated in the first coating station of said coating part, and the coating-agent layer produced on the face of the web is dried at least partly by means of a first drying unit. The second side of the web is coated in the second coating station of the coating part, and the second coating-agent layer produced on the face of the web is dried at least partly by means of a second drying unit.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a coated paper for use in printing is characterized in that the coated paper for printing is produced by coating a color consisting mainly of pigment and a water-soluble binder made of starch or starch derivatives to the surface of a base paper, then drying and finishing it. Steam or an aqueous penetrant solution having a penetrating force of less than 50 seconds is sprayed or applied over the dry coated layer surface of the coated paper, prior to it being finished with a calender, for redistributing the water-soluble binder in the coated layer in order to correct its uneven distribution, which is the cause of printing mottle during the offset printing operation.

Abstract: Wet color cards prepared with water-based emulsion paints applied in layers of at least 75 g/m.sup.2 are dried using infra-red dryers irradiating the uncoated side of the cardboard or paper cards.

Abstract: The textile support for thermo-bonding interlining according to the invention is constituted by a weft knit, composed exclusively of yarns of biodegradable cellulosic matter, particularly viscose, the warp being exclusively of continuous multi-filament yarns.The support was preferably subjected, prior to the application of the thermo-fusible polymer spots, to a treatment of mechanical compacting by passage between a heated cylinder and a compression belt, the temperature of the cylinder being at the most 130.degree. C.The thermo-bonding interlining, comprising the textile support mentioned above, after application of the spots of thermo-fusible polymer, was advantageously subjected to a second treatment of mechanical compacting, similar to the first, the cylinder being heated only to a temperature less than 80.degree. C.

Abstract: A soft tissue product is disclosed having uniformly distributed surface deposits of a solidified composition having a melting point of from about 30.degree. C. to about 70.degree. C. The solidified composition is applied to the outer surfaces of the tissue product in melted form, preferably by rotogravure printing. The solidified composition contains an oil, a wax, and preferably a fatty alcohol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for reducing off-taste and/or odor from hygienic paper packages (such as food and beverage packaging) by heating and steam stripping the surface of the paper web. Such methods of this type, generally, remove undesirable compounds that create off-taste and/or odor from the paper package in a simple, cost-effective manner.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to producing a smooth hard coating on a wood substrate. A layer of a foamed polymerized latex emulsion is applied on the surface of a wood substrate, such as an oriented strand board. The layer is dried, crushed and then cured to form the coating. If desired the cured coating may be provided with a post cure heat treatment to improve its hardness. The present invention is also directed to applying and drying the layer of the foamed polymerized latex emulsion on a mat of wood fibers or flakes and then crushing and curing the crushed layer and the mat into a hardboard having a smooth hard coating. The coating of the present invention is useful as a sealer coat on a wood substrate. By adding pigment to polymerized emulsion, the sealer coat can be used to provide a finish coat on the wood substrate.

Abstract: In the flame-retardant treatment of fabrics, there is provided a means for increased "loading" of phosphorus compounds (up to 25% moisture is retained after impregnation and drying of the fabric). This in turn enables a phosphonium compound "add-on" of 50% to 73% (relative to the weight of the fabric) and gives a correspondingly higher degree of flame-retardant properties.

Abstract: The invention provides photographic paper having increased image stability. The invention is generally accomplished by forming a paper sheet, drying said paper in a first stage to below about 10 percent water, then applying a polyvinyl alcohol solution to both sides of said paper sheet, drying said paper in a second stage to below about 5 percent water, and then applying further polyvinyl alcohol solution to said paper and drying in a third stage. The paper then may be coated to form a silver halide photosensitive color paper. The paper contains between about 4 and about 6 weight percent of polyvinyl alcohol that is concentrated near the surface of said paper. Further, the paper has a oxygen leak rate of less than about 25 cc/m.sup.2 /day and an oxygen GTR rate of less than about 1 cc/m.sup.2 /day.

Abstract: Photographic materials, such as films and papers, include a support and coatings on the support. The coatings often contain hardeners which cause gelation cross links in the binder in the coating. The extent to which the cross-links have formed at the time of processing of the film or paper affects the appearance of the image produced by processing. Conventionally the cross-links have been allowed to form with time in normal atmospheric conditions. According to the invention, the formation of the cross links is accelerated to substantial completion by a process including incubating the material at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the coating and below the melting point of the coating in an atmosphere having a relative humidity which causes a moisture content of the coating of 0.1 to 0.25 for a period of time sufficient to substantially complete the hardening, that is, the formation of the cross-links.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a coated textile which exhibits a worn look when stressed. The method includes depositing a water-base resinous coating on the textile wherein the amount of coating placed on the textile is controlled such that the threads are coated but a thin film is not formed thereon. After depositing the coating on the material, the coating is passed through a first heat exchange zone to remove the water and dry the coating. Then the dried coated textile is passed through a second heat exchange zone wherein the temperature is sufficient to fuse the coating to the threads to obtain a clear coating such that when the textile is stressed the coating fractures importing a worn appearance to the stressed area of the textile.

Abstract: Coated paper for labels, specially adapted to the conditions of utilization in breweries, is fabricated by applying to one side of the fibrous label paper medium a hydrophilic coating slip having a fast reaction to water so as to accelerate the absorption of water and by applying to the other surface a coating of a composition containing a binder comprising a mixture of cross-linkable and soft latex. Strict electronic control of the moisture rate of the paper during the manufacturing process provides for a remarkable dimensional stability and an excellent inherent flatness in a relatively large moisture range.

Abstract: A method for impregnating a porous, non-metallic construction material with a solid phase-change material is described. The phase-change material in finely divided form is spread onto the surface of the porous material, after which the porous material is exposed to microwave energy for a time sufficient to melt the phase-change material. The melted material is spontaneously absorbed into the pores of the porous material. A sealing chemical may also be included with the phase-change material (or applied subsequent to the phase-change material) to seal the surface of the porous material. Fire retardant chemicals may also be included with the phase-change materials. The treated construction materials are better able to absorb thermal energy and exhibit increased heat storage capacity.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for controlling the furnace temperature in a manufacture of phenolic resin-treated honeycomb structures from paper webs. The phenolic resin-treated honeycomb structures from the paper webs are, preferably, glued together and shaped to a body. Such body is immersed into a solution of a phenolic resin mixture and subsequently dried and cured in an indirectly heated furnace. The immersion and drying/curing steps may be repeated several times and take place at a temperature in the range of 70.degree. C. to 110.degree. C., except for the last drying/curing step, which takes place at a temperature in the range of 145.degree. C. to 155.degree. C. For controlling the temperature, the substances contained in an air mixture exiting from the furnace are preferably condensed and subjected to fractionated distillation with the temperature of the furnace preferably being adjusted, based upon the quantities of organic and/or inorganic compounds obtained.

Abstract: A method of making drug abuse test papers wherein bibulous paper carriers are impregnated with specific test chemicals, (bismuth subnitrate, potassium iodide, acetic acid, and platinum salt), in two coatings and dried after each coating under specific temperature conditions. The test chemicals are provided for the detection of the drug abuse compounds of amphetamine, cocaine, marijuana, and narcotics contained in low concentrations in animal or human urine. Additionally described is a means of preserving urine samples using esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid.

Abstract: The invention is a composition for forming a surface on a suitable substrate comprising(a) a water soluble polymer crosslinkable into a water-insoluble form;(b) a pigment component;(c) silica; and(d) a crosslinking agent.In a preferred embodiment, the polymer is an organic colloid such as polyvinyl alcohol, the pigment component comprises a water dispersible pigment such as titanium dioxide and clay, silica particles have diameters smaller than that of the pigment, and the crosslinking agent comprises a water soluble organic compound containing both an acid and carbonyl group, a water soluble dicarbonyl compound, and a suitable polymerizable resin.

Abstract: A paper having an absolute dry moisture content (moisture content in absolute dry condition) of 1.8-7% is subjected to a heat calendering treatment at a temperature of 150.degree.-300.degree. C. under a linear pressure of 40 kg/cm or above to provide a paper which has both satisfactory surface smoothness and rigidity (stiffness) and is suited for use as a photographic support.

Abstract: A heat transferable sheet for use in combination with a heat transfer sheet comprises a substrate, an image-receiving layer provided thereon, and optionally a layer of a mold releasing agent provided on at least a part of the image-receiving layer. This heat transferable sheet exhibits good mold releasability and also provides a colored image having a high density, resolving power and continuous gradation.

Abstract: An offset lithographic printing method and machine having a plurality of in-line liquid application stations, at least one of which is an ink image-printing station for printing lithographic ink images on a suitable receptive copy sheet, and at least the final downstream liquid-application station is a coating application station for printing a protective, and/or aesthetic coating over selected portions of, or over the entire ink image-printed surface of the copy sheet. The present method and apparatus involves the placement of a drying station between liquid application stations to evaporate volatile solvent or vehicle from the ink images and/or to solidify the liquid coating applied at upstream stations before the application of a continuous or spot coating thereover at the next downstream coating station.

Abstract: The stiffness, wet strength and bursting strength of paper is improved by adding a latex such as milk to the paper and then subjecting the paper to steps of high temperature treatment and immediate rewetting.

Abstract: Label assemblies for redeemable coupons, pressure- sensitive labels, lottery tickets and the like. A strip of redeemable coupons comprises an indefinite length web coated with a release coating, at least one coupon on the web comprising a sheet of stock material, a first dry coating layer covering the surface of the stock material, a second dry coating covering the first dry coating and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer over the second dry coating and adhesively securing the coupons to the web. The first and second dry coating layers are substantially incompatible so that they separate from one another when the coupon, applied to an uncoated surface, is pulled therefrom.

Abstract: Accelerated fixing of chromate-containing wood preservative salts, in which freshly impregnated timbers are subjected to fixing with superheated steam, is carried out by a process wherein the freshly impregnated timbers are subjected beforehand to a heat treatment in which both the wood surface and the internal walls of the heating chamber are heated to 60.degree.-100.degree. C., preferably 80.degree.-95.degree. C., and the timbers are then treated with superheated steam in a conventional manner.

Abstract: A soil release composition comprising:(A) a polymer comprising 10 to 100% by weight of constituting units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is a C.sub.3 --C.sub.21 fluoroalkyl group; R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.2 --C.sub.4 acyl group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are, the same or different, each a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group; A is a group of the formula: --CH.sub.2 CH(OR.sup.1)CH.sub.2 --OCO-- which R.sup.1 is the same as defined in the above, --CO--, --(CH.sub.2).sub.k N(R.sup.2)CO-- in which R.sup.2 is the same as defined in the above and k is an integer of 1 to 10, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: This invention comprises a treating apparatus and method that, in one continuous process, applies a treating solution to a wood article by utilizing a radial dipping apparatus, removes excess treating solution from the treated wood article, dries the remaining protective coating on the wood article by utilizing a radial drying apparatus, and then, if desired, paints the coated article and finally cures the paint to provide immediate assembly of the wood article into a window or door frame.

Abstract: A low cost sheet material, and a method of preparing same, which is useful as a substrate for casting sealants and adhesives. The substrate comprises a highly calendered, smooth grade kraft paper having a coating of an elastomer modified polyvinyl chloride on each of the major surfaces thereof. Either one, or both, of the polyvinyl coatings are provided with a film of a release agent thereon.

Abstract: A process for acetylating a wood material which comprises impregnating the wood material with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal acetate, drying the wood material containing the alkali metal acetate solution, and treating the dried wood material with acetic anhydride optionally diluted with an organic solvent at temperature between 100.degree. C. and 150.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for providing a shaped carbon article of low green or crude density and high porosity, in particular for heat insulation, by means of which it is intended to produce shaped carbon articles of actually any dimensions and configurations from comparatively inexpensive organic materials, also from waste products from the paper-making industry. According to the invention, this is done in that paper particles in platelet form having an average diameter of from 0.5 to 5 mm and an average thickness of from 0.01 to 1 mm and/or in strip form having an average length of from 5 to 100 mm, an average width of from 0.5 to 10 mm and an average thickness of from 0.01 to 1 mm, which include an ash content of from 0.005 to 5%, are impregnated with a carbonaceous binder, in that the paper particles are thereupon shaped to form an article and said article is then through a corresponding temperature treatment condensed, carbonized and optionally graphitized.

Abstract: According to the invention, a method of modifying wood comprises the steps of impregnating wood with a modifying system, d drying the impregnated wood in a hydrophobic heat transfer agent, and curing the impregnating system in the wood, the drying and curing processes being carried out in the same autoclave and with the same hydrophobic heat transfer agent, while raising the temperature of the heat transfer agent from 40.degree. to 140.degree. C.

Abstract: In a process for providing a coating of different textures on a substrate comprising applying an ultraviolet light curable coating; increasing its viscosity and initiating texturing by exposure to ultraviolet light; maintaining in a dark space to complete texturing; and curing, the improvement comprising providing dark and light colored backgrounds, the former being absorbent to infrared red light and the latter being reflective to infrared red light, and, after increasing the viscosity, using infrared red light to decrease the viscosity over the dark background to a greater extent than the viscosity over the light background.

Abstract: In a process for providing a coating of different textures on a substrate comprising applying an ultraviolet light curable coating; increasing its viscosity and initiating texturing by exposure to ultraviolet light; maintaining in a dark space to complete texturing; and curing, the improvement comprising providing dark and light colored backgrounds and increasing the viscosity over the dark background to a lesser extent than the viscosity over the light background.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for fabricating electrosensitive paper with a white finish. The paper comprises a base layer of paper, a solvent-based resin coating, and a thin surface layer of aluminum, optionally including a white overcoat. A mixture of solvents may be employed having different evaporation rates, providing a white appearance of the metallized layer. The solvent mixture may include a relatively volatile true solvent, and a less volatile diluent. After application of the resin coating in solution to the paper base, the solvents may be evaporated using a three-stage drying process in which the first stage involves an elevated temperature with turbulent air flow.

Abstract: Heat-curable prepregs are made by impregnating cellulosic fibers with a water-borne composition containing (a) a photopolymerizable resin of specified structure and (b) an epoxide resin, preferably together with a sensitizer for (a) and a heat-hardening agent for (b). Component (a) contains both hydrophobic and hydrophilic units and serves to keep the hydrophobic epoxide resin (b) suspended in the aqueous composition during impregnation, it then solidifying on exposure to actinic radiation. Subsequently the prepregs are heated to cure (b).Component (a) is a di(meth)acrylate containing groups of formula ##STR1## where each R.sup.19 denotes alkyl or each pair of R.sup.19 denotes --CH.sub.2 --.sub.2, --C(R.sup.21 R.sup.22)CO--, --CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)--, --CH.sub.2 --.sub.3, or --CO--.sub.2,R.sup.4 denotes a (cyclo)aliphatic or araliphatic radical,c and d are each zero or 1,R.sup.20 denotes an aliphatic group or, if each d is 1, it may denote ##STR2## R.sup.21 and R.sup.

Abstract: In a process for curing a coating on a substrate, which coating has a thickness of about 0.

Abstract: A process for reconditioning used currency includes the steps of applying a stiffening compound thereto, squeezing the excess from the currency, and drying the currency. Apparatus for performing this process includes gripping and transporting mechanism for transporting the currency to various stations for performing the necessary steps. Arrangements are included for repeating the application, squeezing and drying steps to recondition the portion of the currency originally blocked from treatment by the gripping mechanism.

Abstract: A paperboard product resistant to discoloration and otherwise stable upon heating, coated on the first surface thereof with a pigmented water impermeable layer and on the second surface thereof with a pigmented water permeable layer. The paperboard product is desirably used as the material employed in containers for food that is to be cooked in conventional or microwave ovens. The container is constructed so that the food in the container is in contact with the water impermeable layer.

Abstract: Process for making fibrous material water repellent by treating it with an aqueous bath containing(A) an emulsified organo polysiloxane with at least 2 hydroxyl groups optionally modified in a manner able to cross-link,(B) a non-ionic emulsion of poly silicic acid ester,(C) a reaction product which has been obtained by reaction of an organic compound containing at least one halohydrin and/or epoxy group with an organic compound containing hydrogen atoms bound to nitrogen, which in form of its salt is water-soluble or at least water-dispersible.The treated material is dried and optionally cured.

Abstract: An improved method of curing compositions of a monomer containing one or more acrylate moieties coated on a substrate is provided wherein the monomer composition is exposed to sulfur dioxide gas in the presence of a free radical initiator having a hydroperoxide moiety.

Abstract: A substantial reduction of free excess formaldehyde in formaldehyde laden wood panels is achieved by coating at least one side of the panel with a salt solution containing an ammonium cation such as a 10-15% aqueous solution of ammonium bicarbonate. After coating, a barrier is placed over the coated surface such as by stacking a plurality of similarly coated panels with the barrier being maintained sufficiently long to allow ammonia gas generated from normal degradation of the ammonium salt to migrate to the free formaldehyde zone where the ammonia gas reacts with the formaldehyde to produce a stable, low volatility reaction product. The treatment may be applied to raw or finished panels and the generated ammonia gas reacts in the stacked panels with formaldehyde in both the glue lines and the formaldehyde based finish topcoating.

Abstract: In a method for prime coating fiberboard products the improvement wherein a foaming agent is added to a conventional aqueous latex based prime coating and the coating aerated to give a frothed prime coating having a consistency of 500 to 750 grams per liter, the frothed coating applied to the board product at a rate of 220 to 320 grams per square meter, and heated to collapse the froth and dry the coating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing modified wood, comprising the successive steps of impregnating a wood in two stages, using phenolic alcohols at the first stage and fire retardants at the second stage, drying it, and heat treating to obtain the end product, with the heat treatment performed, in one of the embodiments, in a hydrophilic heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: Apparatus for practicing the process of the present invention includes a flashing section which emits high-velocity, hot air onto the substrate, and a drying and curing section disposed downstream of the flashing section which emits high-velocity, hot air and radiant energy onto the substrate. The flashing and drying/curing sections are fluidically connected to an exhaust duct disposed upstream of the flashing section whereby the spent hot air, and entrained volatiles, are exhausted and recirculated for subsequent flashing and drying/curing process steps. The flashing section comprises air knives having their exhaust directions inclined in the upstream direction toward the exhaust duct, and fresh ambient air may also enter the exhaust stream from a downstream position so as to alter the percentage of volatiles within the recirculated air stream.

Abstract: The opacity and brightness of a sheet of paper coated with a composition comprised essentially of a pigment and a latex of a film-forming polymer are improved when the paper after being coated is dried under conditions adapted to prevent coalescence of the polymer particles of the latex during the drying step and then subjected to a treatment adapted to cause coalescence of the polymer particles, without subjecting the coating to compressive forces during this treatment step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preserving wood, in particular hardwoods, against attack by living organisms, e.g. fungi and insects, which destroy wood. In particular, the present invention provides a one or two step process for preserving wood against fungal and/or insect attack. The fungicide treatment step comprises introducing a copper solution or a copper solution into wood. The insecticide treatment step comprises introducing a chromium and arsenic solution into wood. If the pH of the wood system is controlled, both steps may be carried out simultaneously so as to preserve the wood against fungal and insect attack. Alternatively, the insecticide treatment step may follow the fungicide treatment. Where only protection against fungus is desired, the process comprises introducing copper and arsenic solution into wood. On the other hand, if only an insecticide treatment is required, the process comprises only the abovementioned insecticide treatment step.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for coating porous webs, wherein an aqueous, spreadable composition which has a pH value of 3 to 6 and contains at least (A) an emulsion copolymer comprising (a) an alkyl acrylate, (b) acrylonitrile, (c) an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid and/or the unsubstituted or methylated N-methylolamide of these carboxylic acids and (d) optionally another copolymerizable unsaturated compound which is free from acid groups, (B) an organic solvent which is insoluble to at most slightly soluble in water and has a boiling point between 50.degree. and 160.degree. C. and a molecular weight of 50 to 160, and (C), if desired, a polyfunctional crosslinking aminoplast precondensate or epoxide, is applied to the web, dried and then cured, the web also being impregnated if desired, either before or after coating, but prior to curing, with an agent for imparting hydrophobic and/or oleophobic properties, and dried. The coatings are stable to drycleaning.

Abstract: A coated paper having high bulk, excellent gloss and low surface mottle is prepared by first coating the paper with an aqueous composition containing pigment and a thermoplastic binder. The paper is then initially dried at a temperature of up to about 20.degree. F. above the minimum film-forming temperature of the binder until the moisture content of the sheet reaches from about 8 to about 18% by weight. The drying temperature is then increased to further dry the paper, and the dry coated paper is then calendered.

Abstract: A product which can be molded to form a food container. The product is composed of lignin fibres or fibrils which are impregnated with a polymerizable resin, in one or more steps. The fibrils or fibres are formed in a homogeneous mass to permit molding the lignin product into an article under heat and pressure to polymerize the resin.