Abstract: A method of manufacturing a magnetic recording medium comprises steps of: (a) preparing a sol solution containing gel particles; (b) treating the sol solution to remove gel particles having a size greater than a predetermined maximum size; (c) providing a non-magnetic substrate for a magnetic recording medium, the substrate including a surface; and (d) applying a layer of the treated sol solution to the surface of the substrate; (e) converting the layer of treated sol solution to a layer of sol-gel having a hardness less than that of the surface of the substrate, an exposed surface of the layer of sol-gel having very low surface micro-waviness and substantially no defects in the form of protrusions or bumps; (f) forming a pattern in the exposed surface of the layer of sol-gel; (g) converting the layer of sol-gel to a glass or glass-like layer having a density and hardness substantially comparable to that of the surface of the substrate, while preserving the pattern formed in an exposed surface of the g

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of adherent polyvinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene coatings on objects and for the direct production of open celled foams from a polymer latex without a need for any blowing agent.

Abstract: A heating appliance, such as a cooking container, has an inside surface coating including a decoration which changes color as a function of temperature. A decoration based on a thermostable resin and a chemical substance which changes color as a function of temperature is applied over a fluorocarbon resin coating on the inside of the container.

Abstract: The invention concerns a synthesis method for an oligosilazane-containing condensation product comprising the following step: conversion of oligosilazane composition with an average molecular weight of no more than 1000 g/mol, with a dialk(en)ylamino compound of the following formula (I) A[N(R4)2]m  (I) in which A is at least one element chosen from B, Al, Ti, Zr, and Hf, R4 is an alkyl group or alkenyl group and m is the valence of element A, in which the reaction is run so that an average of 1.6-2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tile for placing on walls, floors or the like using adhesive mortar. The inventive tile comprises a transparent glass layer and a colored layer which is placed on the rear side of the glass layer. In order to obtain a particular optical effect, the glass layer is heat treated and the colored layer is comprised of a lacquer, which is compatible with adhesive mortar.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a method of drying an optical fiber coating. The method includes blending a plurality of raw materials capable of forming an optical fiber coating and dehydrating the plurality. One embodiment of the method includes drying the optical fiber coating by passing a dehydrating medium over a top surface of a body of the plurality of materials. A second embodiment of the invention includes bubbling a dehydrating medium through the body of the plurality of raw materials. In a third embodiment of the invention, the plurality is dehydrated by reacting the water in the plurality with a dehydrating medium that includes a compound having a functional group that is capable of reacting with the water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sizing composition for a glass yarn, consisting of a solution whose solvent content is less than 5% by weight, this solution comprising at least 60% by weight of polymerizable components, at least 60% by weight of these polymerizable components being components with a molecular mass of less than 750 and these polymerizable components comprising at least one mixture capable of polymerizing: of component(s) containing at least one reactive acrylic function and/or at least one reactive methacrylic function, and of component(s) containing at least one reactive primary amine function and/or at least one reactive secondary amine function, at least 20% of the polymerizable components containing at least two reactive functions chosen from acrylic, methacrylic, primary amine and secondary amine functions.

Abstract: Novel polyindanebisphenols or PIBPs for the preparation of new and improved thermosetting polymers having the general formula of are provided. Also disclosed are thermoplastic or thermoset compositions prepared using the novel compounds of the invention, as well as methods of making and using the same. When copolymerized or reactive with other commercial resins such as, e.g., epoxy compounds, PIBP based polymers are characterized by high glass transition temperature (“Tg”), low dielectric constant, low moisture absorption, low coefficient of expansion, low cost, and can be processed on equipment typically used for the production of epoxy based laminates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method of enameling substrates comprised of glass or vitroceramic material, according to which method the enamel composition contains graphite as a component, with the aim of improving the mechanical properties of the enameled substrate and/or conferring anti-adhesive properties on the composition.

Abstract: An anti-fog article is obtained by coating a substrate with an anti-fog coating material to form thereon an anti-fog coating film that is hydrophillic, moisture-absorptive, insoluble and excellent in surface hardness. The anti-fog coating material contains a polyacrylic acid compound, polyvinyl alcohol and acetylacetone, and optionally sodium silicate.

Abstract: The present invention provides composition for treating a substrate comprising a homogeneous mixture of:

Abstract: Disclosed are an antiglare film having a high level of anti-scintillation properties, high sharpness of transmitted images, high light transmittance (total light transmittance), and a high level of external light reflection preventive properties, and a process for producing the antiglare film. A resin and non-agglomerative particles having a specific particle diameter are selected so that the difference in refractive index between the resin and the particles is 0.05 to 0.15. The resin and the non-agglomerative particles are brought to a coating composition using, as a solvent, a good solvent for the resin and a poor solvent for the resin. The coating composition is coated onto a substrate film to form a coating which is then dried. In the course of the drying, as the amount of the good solvent in the coating decreases, the poor solvent acts to cause the gelation of the particles and the resin. Thus, good concaves and convexes can be advantageously formed on the surface of the coating.

Abstract: A water-repellent solution for forming a superior water-repellent film on a glass substrate is produced by subjecting a fluoroalkyl-group contained silane compound to a hydrolysis and a condensation polymerization. With this, at least dimers and trimers of the silane compound are produced. In case wherein the fluoroalkyl-group contained silane compound is of a type having the following general formula, satisfied performance of the formed water-repellent film is expected: CF3(CF2)m(CH2)2SiX3 wherein “m” is equal to or greater than 7 (seven) and “X” represents halogen, isocyanate-group or alkoxy-group, said alkoxy-group including methoxy-group [OCH3], ethoxy-group [OC2H5] or isopropoxy-group [OC3H5]. When the “m” is equal to or greater than 9 (nine), the performance of the film is much increased.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp comprising a lens that includes an inner surface on which an antifogging coating film is formed and an outer surface on which a hard coating film is formed. It is preferable that the vehicle lamp further comprise a lamp body, wherein the lens further includes a lens front portion, a peripheral wall portion formed at the outer peripheral edge of the lens front portion, and a seal leg portion formed at the leading end of the peripheral wall portion and fixed to the lamp body, and wherein the antifogging coating film and the hard coating film are formed on at least the lens front portion excluding the seal the leg portion of the lens.

Abstract: The invention includes fibrous nonwoven multiple layer mats having at least two layers with a body portion layer and a surface portion layer having fine fibers and/or particles therein, both layers being bonded together and to each other with a same resin binder. Preferably most or essentially all of the particles and/or fibers in the surface layer are larger than openings between the fibers in the body portion of the mat. The mats produced according to this invention are useful as a facer for all types of boards such as wood boards, wood product boards, insulating boards and hard boards of all types, and also as reinforcement and dimensional stabilizers for making a large number of novel laminate products and for a myriad of other uses. These mats are made an a wet laid nonwoven mat machine with a modification to the binder preparation system, an inventive step in the preparation of the binder and in the selection of ingredients for a binder slurry.

Abstract: A method for applying a protective coating to a surface. The method is achieved by applying a radiation curable reactive coating material to the surface and exposing the applied coating to a source of light for a predetermined time and at a predetermined intensity to effect polymerization of the coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to optical elements comprising fluorochemical surface treatments. The invention further relates to materials such as retroreflective sheetings, pavement markings and beaded projection screens comprising a binder and the surface treated optical elements. The fluorochemical surface treatment is substantially free of perfluoroalkyl groups having more than four carbon atoms. Preferably, the surface treatment is a polyfluoropolyether-based compound comprising at least one polar group or polar group-containing organic radical.

Abstract: An optically active film composite including a polymeric film substrate coated with a layer of resin having a thickness of less than 6 microns and a pencil hardness of at least 2H, and which includes 30-60% by weight of nanoparticles of ATO or ITO, and nanoparticles of a second metallic compound being an inorganic compound and absorbing light having a wavelength in the range of 700-1100 nm. The composite preferably has a VLT of at least 50% and a % TSER of at least 35% with a weighted UV absorption of less than 1%.

Abstract: Composite particles made of a resin and filler material are provided for use in subterranean formations. The filler is finely divided mineral and optional fiber. The particles are proppants useful to prop open subterranean formation fractures. The particles are also useful for water filtration. Methods of making the composite particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing surface-sealed hollow glass containers, the hollow glass containers are, in the production process in the region of the exit from the annealing lehr which is located downstream of a machine for producing hollow glass containers, coated by means of a water-based cold end coating composition comprising at least the following components: I. a trialkoxysilane, a dialkoxysilane and/or a tetralkoxysilane or their hydrolysis and/or condensation products and also II. a water-soluble or water-dispersible mixture of a polyol and a crosslinker, wherein the applied layer of the cold end coating composition is subsequently subjected to a crosslinking step. The hollow glass containers produced in this way have an improved strength.

Abstract: A process is described for applying a thin-film, hydrophobic, oil-repellant, stain-resistant, optical coating to a transparent substrate. The coating is applied using a treatment solution that incorporates an organosilane in a solvent of water, alcohol, and ethylene glycol or glycerol, and an acid catalyst, with the organosilane having a preferred concentration in the range of 0.05 to 50 mmole per liter. The treatment solution preferably is prepared in a two-step procedure, in which the organosilane is first reacted in concentrated form and then diluted. After the treatment solution has been applied to the transparent substrate, e.g., by dip coating, the coated substrate is dried, preferably by flash-drying at room temperature and then heating it to a prescribed elevated temperature, in a prescribed humidity.

Abstract: Calcitic and/or siliceous particulate materials are provided with increased resistance to penetration by water, oil or grease damage from water, oil or grease by a process which comprises treating said materials with an aqueous composition containing: (A) from about 0.1 to 4% by weight on a 100% solids basis of an aqueous solution or self-dispersed emulsion or dispersion of a copolymer which is a reaction product of monomers containing fluorinated groups, cationic groups and nonionic groups, optionally (B) an effective amount of a penetration assistant, and (C) water to make up 100%.

Abstract: An antifogging article includes a substrate and an antifogging film covering the substrate. This antifogging film contains a water-absorbing organic polymer and an inorganic substance and has a water repellent finishing on a surface of the antifogging film. Another antifogging article includes (1) a substrate, (2) a water-absorbing, antifogging film covering the substrate, and (3) a water-permeable, protective film covering the antifogging film. This antifogging film contains (a) a polyvinyl acetal resin having a degree of acetalization of not greater than 10 mol % and (b) a hydrolysate or partial hydrolysate of an alkylsilylisocyanate. This constituent (b) can be replaced with at least one of a silylisocyanate, its hydrolysate, and its partial condensate. These antifogging articles are superior in antifogging property and abrasion resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resist film baking apparatus including a substrate placing block 2 which can be deformed, a baking plate 1 having an inner void 3, and a temperature regulator 4 connected to the baking plate 1 for circulating a temperature regulating liquid 7 in the inner void 3. This configuration enables to uniformly heat a substrate so as to obtain a resist film having a uniform thickness, which in turn enables to obtain an accurate element pattern.

Abstract: The substrate of the invention is coated with a mesoporous film. It is characterized in that chemical molecules, especially hydrophobic/oleophobic molecules, are bonded to the mesoporous film. The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing this substrate, in which: the substrate is brought into contact with a composition formed from organic assembling groups and from a precursor for the mesoporous material; the precursor precipitates around the assembling groups and polymerizes; and the assembling groups are removed. This process is distinguished by the fact that chemical molecules, such as hydrophobic/oleophobic molecules, are then brought into contact with the mesoporous film. The invention also relates to glazing, for buildings or transportation vehicles, which includes this substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymeric coating composition for application onto glass substrates for anti-reflective properties. The coating is provided via chemical grafting that involves the use of monomers and/or prepolymers, catalyst, and graft initiator and when applied onto the surface of the glass substrate forms a polymeric film chemically bonded to the glass with excellent adhesion. This coating can reduce the reflectance of the coated glass surface to as close to zero as possible, thus maximizing transmittance and providing resistance to abrasion, water/chemical attack, and UV degradation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a resin composition based on a urea-modified phenol-formaldehyde resole which has a formaldehyde/phenol molar ratio of 2 to 5, exhibiting a free formaldehyde content lower than or equal to 3 percent (by weight relative to the total weight of the composition), a free phenol content lower than or equal to 0.5 percent and a dilutability measured at 20° C., of at least 1000 percent and to a process for the preparation of this composition. This composition is characterized in that it contains an overcondensed resole obtained by the condensation of phenol, of formaldehyde, and optionally of urea in basic medium, until the product has a water dilutability at pH 9 that is lower than or equal to 2000 percent, or the product of neutralization of such as resole. The modification of an overcondensed phenolic resole by neutralization with boric acid according to the invention permits the dilutability of the resole to be increased.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for a hydrophobic/oleophobic coating containing at least one alkoxysilane and at least one halosilane, each having a perfluorinated group at at least one end of their molecule; it also relates to a process for forming a coating of this type on a substrate, as well as to this substrate itself when provided with its coating and, in particular, monolithic, laminated or multiple glazing at least in part provided with its coating.

Abstract: Master discs and similar devices used in the production of digital data storage and recording discs and the like are produced with a substrate member which is provided with a layer of material which is applied to the substrate member in liquid form of a thickness greater than the surface roughness of the substrate member and of a thickness greater than any particulates present on the substrate member. The material layer is preferably a polymer such as epoxy, acrylic or styrene and is hardenable by exposure to UV light, heat, air circulation or catalytic reaction to provide a substantially smooth flat surface for receiving a data bearing film. The film may be treated to generate bumps or pits representing digital signals, for example, which are free of any defects resulting from surface roughness or contamination of the substrate member.

Abstract: Glass containers (3) are taken to a high temperature in an annealing furnace (7) and removed from the annealing furnace belt (5) by grips (16) of a gripping device (12). The gripping device (12) is then moved by a handling device (13) first vertically upwards, then horizontally above a fluidized bed (18) and then downwards into the fluidized bed in order to coat the glass containers (3) with a powder; it is then taken upwards out of the fluidized bed (18) and finally moved horizontally over a conveyor belt (22). There, the glass containers (3) are released from the gripping device (12) and set down on the conveyor belt (22) which takes the powder-coated glass containers (3) through a second curing region (27) in which the powder is cured to form a substantially duroplastic layer.

Abstract: Provided is an improved optical glass fiber, ribbon unit having the capability of providing mid-span access to individual color-coated optical glass fibers contained therein by application of finger pressure from a human hand. The ribbon unit is made of a plurality of coated optical glass fibers each further coated with a cured color-composition; and a matrix material which binds the plurality of color-coated optical glass fibers together, wherein a bonding force between the cured color-composition and the coated optical glass fibers is greater than a bonding force between said cured color-composition and said matrix material, and wherein the matrix material has been selected or formulated to provide a modulus and Tg sufficiently high such that when opposing pressure is applied to the ribbon unit using the fingers of a human hand, the matrix material buckles and separates from said color-coated optical glass optical fibers instead of compressing and absorbing the opposing pressure.

Abstract: Bonded vehicular glass assemblies utilizing two-component urethane adhesives to attach dynamic load-bearing attachment members to glass substrates to form a joint suitable for use on a vehicle, and related methods of forming are described herein. In addition, methods of attaching components to glass by use of these adhesives are disclosed. The two-component urethane adhesives utilized in this invention have been found to provide surprisingly strong bonds between glass and other materials which meet or exceed OEM requirements, and be particularly well suited for use in vehicles.

Abstract: A method for rapidly increasing the photosensitivity of an optical fiber comprising the step of providing an optical fiber comprising a glassy material and a thermally-stable coating. The thermally-stable coating has a thermally-stable exposure band, wherein desired time/temperature exposure parameters fall within the time/temperature thermal stability exposure band for the coating. The optical fiber is exposed for the desired time/temperature exposure to a hydrogen-containing atmosphere. The desired temperature is more than 250° C. and the desired time exposure does not exceed one hour. The glassy material then may be irradiated with actinic radiation, such that the refractive index of the irradiated portion results in a normalized index change of at least 10−5.

Abstract: A resist solution applying apparatus and a method of using the resist solution applying apparatus. The apparatus comprises a hold and rotate member that holds and rotates a member to be processed, a resist solution discharge nozzle that discharges a resist solution almost at a center of rotation of the member to be processed, a resist solution supply mechanism that supplies the resist solution to the resist solution discharge nozzle, and a discharge controller connected to the rest solution supply mechanism that controls a predetermined amount of the resist solution discharged from the resist solution discharge nozzle to be reduced gradually or in stages after discharge is started, and increased again before the discharge is stopped.

Abstract: A water-repellent glass having a durable and abrasion-resistant silica layer is prepared by a process containing the following steps: (a) preparing a silica solution by subjecting a metal alkoxide-based silane compound to a two step aging process wherein the two step aging process is proceeded either by conducting a first aging step under a basic condition and a second aging step under an acidic condition or vice versa, (b) applying the resulting silica composition onto the surface of a glass substrate, (c) subjecting the glass substrate coated with the silica composition to a thermal treatment, and (d) coating the resulting coarse silica layer with a water-repellent layer.

Abstract: A water-repellent solution for forming a superior water-repellent film on a glass substrate is produced by subjecting a fluoroalkyl-group contained silane compound to a hydrolysis and a condensation polymerization. With this, at least dimers and trimers of the silane compound are produced.

Abstract: Binders for powder coatings are disclosed that contain, solid, unsaturated polyesterurethane (meth)acrylates having a melting temperature of from 35 to 180° C.

Abstract: An antisoiling coating for an antireflective surface, particularly the outer surface of an antireflective film stack, wherein the antisoiling coating includes a fluorinated siloxane, preferably prepared by applying a coating composition of a fluorinated silane, having a number average molecular weight of at least about 1000, of the following formula: Rƒ—[—R1—SiY3−xR2x]y  (I) wherein: Rƒ is a monovalent or divalent polyfluoropolyether group; R1 is a divalent alkylene group, arylene group, or combinations thereof, R2 is a lower alkyl group; Y is a halide, a lower alkoxy group, or a lower acyloxy group; x is 0 or 1; and y is 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating composition featuring increased solids contents, which comprises at least one polyol I obtainable by subjecting at least one oligomer of the general formula I R1R2C═[═CH—R—CH═]n—CR3R4  (I) in which R=—(—CH2—)m—, in which the index m is an integer from 2 to 6, or in which X=—CH2— or an oxygen atom R1,R2,R3 and R4 independently of one another=hydrogen atoms or alkyl; and the index n=an integer from 1 to 15; to hydroformylation and reducing the resultant aldehyde-functional products I to give the polyols I, which, if desired, are subjected to partial or complete hydrogenation.

Abstract: An evaporation-induced self-assembly method to prepare a surfactant-templated thin film by mixing a silica sol, a surfactant, and a hydrophobic polymer and then evaporating a portion of the solvent during coating onto a substrate and then heating to form a liquid-phase, thin film material with a porosity greater than approximately 50 percent. The high porosity thin films can have dielectric constants less than 2 to be suitable for applications requiring low-dielectric constants. An interstitial compound can be added to the mixture, with the interstitial compound either covalently bonded to the pores or physically entrapped within the porous structure. The selection of the interstitial compound provides a means for developing thin films for applications including membranes, sensors, low dielectric constant films, photonic materials and optical hosts.

Abstract: Polymeric coating materials used to protect electrochromic devices from environmental and mechanical damage arc provided. The protective polymeric coating materials are physically, chemically and optically compatible with the electrochromic cell layers of electrochromic devices. The polymeric coating materials are polymers having generic polymer back-bones selected from the group of polyimides, polybenzimidazoles, polybenzothiazoles, polybenzoxazoles, poly(phenylene ethers), polyquinolines, polycarbonates, and polysulfones.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and a device for depositing at least one thin film of a liquid agent on a wireframe element such as an optical fiber designed to form a very fine coating on said wireframe element consisting in spraying the liquid agent on the wireframe element with spraying means, the wireframe element and the spraying means being in relative movement with respect to each other. Preferably, the liquid agent used is obtained from novel acrylphosphorus or metacrylphosphorus compounds. The method is most particularly adapted for coating optical fibers and enables to substantially improve the stress corrosion factor “n” of the fibers and to maintain said factor “n” after aging.

Abstract: Soft feel lacquers comprising water dilutable binders A which possess functional groups, selected from hydroxyl, amino and carboxyl groups, and of curing agents B which have functional groups capable of reacting with the functional groups of the components A, and forming chemical bonds as cross-linking sites, wherein at least one of the components A and B contains a sufficient quantity of aromatic constituent units to ensure that the mass fraction of the aromatic constituent units in relation to the solid matter in the combination of binder and curing agent is not less than 3%.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a coated article comprising: (a) preparing a solution of lignin; (b) mixing the lignin solution with a phenol oxidizing enzyme; (c) incubating the mixture from said step (b) under conditions and for a time sufficient to form a solution of a desired viscosity; (d) contacting or spreading the mixture from the step (c) on an article to be coated; and (e) allowing the coating to set onto the article by subjecting the article to conditions and for a time sufficient to form a coating on the surface of the article.

Abstract: A process for producing an article having a three-dimensional optical effect comprising a transparent substrate provided with a translucent simulated ice crystal formation having a controlled amount of fern-like patterns along with articles produced by this process.

Abstract: A method comprising heating to elevated temperature a ceramic substrate having thereon a sequence of coatings of pigmented coating compositions wherein each of said pigmented coating compositions comprises: (a) reactive organic resin which is polyhydroxy-functional, polyepoxy-functional, or both epoxy-functional and hydroxy-functional; (b) reactive wax; (c) color-imparting pigment; and (d) blocked polyisocyanate; wherein: (e) the pigmented coating composition of at least one coating of the sequence is substantially free of amino-functional curing agent; and (f) the pigmented coating composition of at least one other coating of the sequence further comprises amino-functional curing agent; to crosslink all of the pigmented coating compositions of the coatings of the sequence and to adhere the sequence to the ceramic substrate. The preferred ceramic substrates are glass bottles.

Abstract: To provide the water-repellent coating film having excellent transparency, abrasion resistance, weather resistance and water repellency, the method for producing the coating film, the multi-functional composite material provided with the coating film and the coating composition used therefor which has excellent dispersion stability. The coating composition comprises (A) the fluorine-containing ethylenic polymer prepared by copolymerizing a fluorine-containing ethylenic monomer having at least one functional group selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl, a carboxylic salt group, a carboxylic ester group and epoxy, (B-1) the metal oxide sol, and (C) the solvent.

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate comprises contacting a surface of said substrate, with a pressurized fluid comprising carbon dioxide and a surface treatment component, the surface treatment component being entrained in the pressurized fluid and contacting the surface so that the surface treatment component lowers the surface tension of the surface of the substrate and treats the substrate. The contacting step is preferably carried out by immersion, the fluid is preferably a liquid or supercritical fluid, the substrate is preferably a metal or fabric substrate, and the surface treatment component is preferably a fluoroacrylate polymer.

Abstract: A method of improving the adhesion of an ink jet ink formulation to a substrate, which method includes adding to the ink jet ink formulation an amount of a chelate of a transition metal or a chelate of a mixture of transition metals effective to improve the adhesion of the ink jet ink formulation to the substrate; printing the substrate with the chelate-containing ink jet ink formulation; and treating the printed substrate with heat for a time and at a temperature to further improve the adhesion of the ink jet ink formulation to the substrate. The ink jet ink formulation typically will include a diluent system and colorant. The chelate typically will be present in the ink jet ink formulation in a range of about 0.001 up to about 20 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the chelate-containing ink jet ink formulation. A particularly desirable chelate is zirconium lactate. The present invention also provides an article and a substrate produced by the foregoing method.

Abstract: A light influencing element and the process of fabricating the same is disclosed, wherein the light influencing element is fabricated by disposing a layer of a substantially opaque material upon a transparent substrate. One or more openings or wells may then be cut or formed in the surface of the layer of opaque material. Into such openings a light influencing material is then disposed, preferable said materials are injected thereinto as by ink-jet type injection heads. Liquid crystal displays and subassemblies formed upon the light influencing elements of the instant invention are also provided.