Abstract: A leather-like sheet is prepared by impregnating a fibrous substrate, which may comprise a microfine fiber-forming fiber, with a thermally gellable composite resin emulsion obtained by emulsion-polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) in the presence of a polyurethane emulsion (A) at a weight ratio of 90/10 to 10/90, solidifying the thermally gellable composite emulsion in the impregnated fibrous substrate, and if the fibrous substrate is a microfine fiber-forming fiber, converting the microfine fiber-forming fiber to a microfine fiber. After impregnation, the emulsion in the impregnated fibrous substrate is thermally solidified, thereby producing a leather-like sheet having excellent softness and fulfillment feeling, and good hand feel, feel and physical properties like that of natural leather. A film of the composite resin has a specific elastic modulus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process-for producing a fabric-elastomer composite that, when transfer or film coated, is preferable for use as an artificial leather substrate. The inventive procedure involves (a) producing an elastomer composition of at least four ingredients (an anionically-stabilized waterborne polymer dispersion, an acid-generating chemical, a cloud-point surfactant, and a foam-stabilizing surfactant); (b) incorporating sufficient gas into the liquid mixture to generate a spreadable foam; (c) applying the foam onto a porous textile substrate; (d) heating said foamed fabric until the elastomer coagulates over the fabric substrate; and (e) drying the resultant composite without destroying the coagulated structure. The resultant composite obtains a suppleness that is similar to that of leather and a surface that is suitable for transfer coating to produce artificial leather. The composite may be utilized as upholstery fabric in furniture or in automobiles, apparel, and the like.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed that comprises non-hydrolyzable, block, non-(AB)n type copolymers comprising units of the formula {XR2[(SiO(R1)2]xSi(R1)2R2X}, units of the formula {YO(CaH2aO)bY}, and linking groups —NR3—, wherein R1 is alkyl, R2 is a divalent organic moiety, X and Y are independently selected divalent organic groups formed by the ring opening of an epoxide, R3 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, oxygen-containing alkyl, oxygen-containing aryl, and oxygen-containing aralkyl, a=2 to 4, b=2 to 100, and x=1 to 500.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for imparting soil-resistant and water-repellent properties to fibrous polyamide substrates (such as carpet fibers) by applying an acidic aqueous treating solution containing a silsesquioxane. This invention also relates to the treating solution used to impart soil resistance, and water repellency to the fibrous polyamide. This invention also relates to treated fibrous substrate made according to the method of this invention.

Abstract: A method of forming flame-retardant nonwoven fabrics by hydroentanglement includes providing a precursor web. The precursor web is subjected to hydroentanglement on a three-dimensional image transfer device to create a patterned and imaged fabric. Treatment with a flame-retardant binder enhances the integrity of the fabric, permitting the nonwoven to exhibit desired physical characteristics, including strength, durability, softness, and drapeability. The treated nonwoven may then be dyed by means applicable to conventional wovens.

Abstract: The invention concerns a stain resist composition comprising: (a) a component selected from the group consisting of (1) an anionically modified phenol formaldehyde polymer comprising a phenol moiety and a formaldehyde moiety, (2) a naphthalene condensate, (3) a lignin sulfonate, (4) a phenol sulfonate derivative, a mixture thereof and (5) a (meth)acrylic polymer comprising residues of acrylic or methacrylic acid; and (b) a polyester.

Abstract: The bleeding of lignosulfonates from lignosulfonate-treated substrates when contacted under humid conditions is reduced by rendering the lignosulfonates water-insoluble via reacting them with an amine polymer-epichlorohydrin adduct containing at least one quaternary ammonium group under acidic conditions.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an aqueous emulsion for imparting oil and water repellency to textiles prepared by polymerizing a mixture of monomers (a), (b) and (c) as follows: (a) 70-90% polymer chain units derived from a mixture of monomers of the formula: Rf—Q—A—C(O)—C(R)═CH2  wherein Rf is a straight or branched-chain perfluoroalkyl group containing from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms; R is H or CH3; A is O, S, or N(R′); Q is alkylene of 1 to 15 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkylene of 3 to 15 carbon atoms, —(CnH2n)(OCqH2q)m—, —SO2—NR′(CnH2n)—, or —CONR′(CnH2n)—, wherein R′ is H or alkyl of 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, n is 1 to about 15, q is 2 to about 4, and m is 1 to about 15; (b) 5-25% monomer chain units derived from a long-chain alkyl (meth)acrylate of the formula: R″—O—C(O)—C(R)═CH2  wherein R″ is an alkyl group of about 12 to about 24 carbons and R is H or CH3; (c

Abstract: The present invention is directed to polymeric treatment preparations for textiles and other fibrous substrates that impart water and oil repellency to fibers, yarns, textiles, or other fibrous substrates. More particularly, this invention comprises an aqueous solution, emulsion or suspension of (a) a fluorinated polymer that contains reactive groups that can complex with metal atoms that have a formal charge of 2 or greater, and (b) one or more metal atoms that have a formal charge of 2 or greater. The invention is further directed to the process for treating fibrous substrates with textile preparations in one step that provide water/soil repellency that is durable to repeated cleanings and to abrasion. This invention is further directed to the yarns, fibers, fabrics, textiles, webs, finished goods, or nonwovens (encompassed herein under the terms “textiles” and “fibrous substrates”) treated with the textile-reactive water- and soil-resistant preparation of the invention.

Abstract: A fluorochemical composition to impart water repellency and/or oil repellency to a substrate, the composition comprising one or more condensates of (i) a methylolated amine or a C1-C4 alkoxylated derivative thereof, (ii) a hydrocarbon compound represented by formula (II) and (iii) a fluorinated compound represented by formula (I): Rf—(X1)n—Z1  (I) wherein: Rf is a fluorinated aliphatic group; X1 is an organic divalent linking group; Z1 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, thiol, amide or acid groups; and n is 0 or 1; and Rh—Z2  (II)  wherein: Rh is a hydrocarbon group having at least 6 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted with 1 to 3 subsituents; Z2 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, thiol, amide or acid groups. The invention further provides a method of treatment of a substrate with the fluorochemical composition and a treated substrate.

Abstract: This invention relates to grained, textile flat materials coated with PU systems and to a process for the production thereof and to the use of such flat materials as a decorative starting material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of applying a powder coating to a substrate (5), in particular a temperature-sensitive substrate such as wood, wood-fiber material, plastic, rubber, cloth, paper or cardboard, wherein a thermoreactive powder is applied as a base layer (6) to the uncoated surface of the substrate (5), and wherein by means of infrared radiation with at least some components in the near and/or short-wave infrared region the powder is warmed throughout to the cross-linking temperature and cured, or is warmed throughout to the gelling temperature and in a subsequent processing step cross-linking is completed and the coating is cured. To generate the infrared radiation in particular halogen bulbs (7) are used in combination with a reflector (8) to reflect the emitted radiation towards the substrate. The halogen bulbs (7) are operated in such a way that the emitted radiation has a flux-density maximum in the near infrared.

Abstract: Self-dispersible mixtures (G) of oligomeric isocyanates (C) reacted in part with polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether (A), which optionally contains propyleneoxy units, and optionally with a chain extender (K) and exhaustively blocked with an isocyanate-blocking pyrazole (B) are useful as auxiliaries in the finishing of fibrous material with oleophobicizing and/or hydrophobicizing finishes (F) comprising fluorocarbon polymers.

Abstract: The invention includes fibrous nonwoven multiple layer mats having at least two layers with a body portion layer and a surface portion layer having fine fibers and/or particles therein, both layers being bonded together and to each other with a same resin binder. Preferably most or essentially all of the particles and/or fibers in the surface layer are larger than openings between the fibers in the body portion of the mat. The mats produced according to this invention are useful as a facer for all types of boards such as wood boards, wood product boards, insulating boards and hard boards of all types, and also as reinforcement and dimensional stabilizers for making a large number of novel laminate products and for a myriad of other uses. These mats are made an a wet laid nonwoven mat machine with a modification to the binder preparation system, an inventive step in the preparation of the binder and in the selection of ingredients for a binder slurry.

Abstract: Waterborne coating compositions, methods of applying such compositions, and substrates coated with such compositions are described. The compositions include an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin, an epoxy resin, and a polyvinyl chloride resin. The compositions can also include an aminoplast such as a melamine, and one or more curing agents. Additionally, the compositions can include flatting agents, colored metallic and/or polymeric particles, hard particles, surfactants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, and coalescing aids. The coating composition can be applied to virtually any surface and cured using conventional heat curing techniques, whether or not there is a chemically embossed layer. However, it is advantageously used in surface coverings in combination with a chemically embossed layer. In one embodiment, the surface covering includes a chemically embossed layer and a cured top layer, which are both cured in a single heating step or plurality of heating steps.

Abstract: This invention relates to a dual crosslinkable polymer/crosslinking system particularly suited for use in preparing high quality nonwoven products. The polymeric binders incorporate at least two different but reactive functionalities, i.e., hydroxy and carboxyl, and which are capable of reacting with two other multifunctional reactants, i.e., polyaldehydes and aziridines, each of which reacts with at least one of the functionalities present in the polymer. This selection of reactive functionality coupled with the selection of crosslinking agents permits ambient temperature cure.

Abstract: Pulps or papers, especially chemimechanical or thermomechanical pulps or papers, which still contain lignin, have enhanced resistance to yellowing when they contain an effective stabilizing amount of a N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine, an ester, amide or thio substituted N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine or N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine or an amminium salt thereof. This performance is often further enhanced by the presence of one or more coadditives selected from the group consisting of the UV absorbers, the polymeric inhibitors, the nitrones, the fluorescent whitening agents and metal chelating agents. Combinations of hydroxylamines or their salts, benzotriazole or benzophenone UV absorbers and a metal chelating agent are particularly effective. N,N-Diethylhydroxylamine and N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine and their acid salts are surprisingly effective for this purpose.

Abstract: Absorbent articles and processes for making absorbent articles are provided. The process includes spraying onto a fibrous web a blend containing superabsorbent polymer particles, superabsorbent forming monomer, initiator and water, and subjecting the web to polymerization conditions. The resulting web is useful as an absorbent article particularly in disposable hygiene products.

Abstract: Provided is a UV-curable ink jet coating comprised of a copolymer or mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene oxide, and a water-soluble polymer which can act as an electron and/or proton donor, preferably containing at least one carbonyl group. The entire mixture is UV cured once coated onto a substrate thereby creating a matrix due to crosslinking between the water soluble polymer and the polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide copolymer or mixture. The result is an ink receptive coating which will absorb many different ink jet inks very rapidly, while exhibiting high gloss. The ink jet medium thereby permits use with many different printers and inks.

Abstract: A method of treating a membrane (16) comprises the steps of providing a membrane (16) with a structure of node (22) and fibrils (24). Surfaces of the nodes (22) and fibrils (24) define a plurality of pores (26) extending through the membrane (16). The membrane (16) is made from an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene material. A water-based dispersion of oleophobic fluoropolymer solids in a water-soluble solvent is provided. The dispersion has surface tension and relative contact angle properties such that the diluted dispersion is incapable of wetting the polytetrafluoroethylene material of the membrane (16). The dispersion is diluted with a liquid wetting agent so the diluted dispersion can wet the membrane (16). Surfaces of the nodes (22) and fibrils (24) are coated with the solids in the diluted dispersion. The wetting agent material and other fugitive material are removed.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for sizing a yarn sheet, the yarn sheet is passed over rollers through a wetting unit and a following roller nip that reduces the moisture content to a selected level. The wetted yarn sheet then passes through a sizing unit and over rollers forming a nip to reduce the sizing content to a desired level. The rollers of the wetting unit and the rollers of the sizing unit are in close proximity to minimize the reach of the yarn sheet there between and thereby minimize the heat loss in the yarn sheet. The reach is covered by a cover having a heater that extends over the yarn sheet reach to maintain the yarn sheet at a desired temperature as it enters the sizing unit. The temperature of the wetting agent bath in the wetting unit is 65°-95° C., with the temperature of the wetting agent being approximately 5°-10° C. higher than the temperature of the sizing agent bath.

Abstract: Process for the continuous coating of a strip of paper or of a textile support using a silicone composition, comprising at least one POS A containing SiVi or SiOR groups, a POS B containing SiH groups and a catalyst C (for hydrosilylation or for dehydrogeno-condensation) and not corresponding to an LTC/FC silicone system, the said process comprising the following steps: step 1 in which conditions for homogeneously mixing the constituents A, B and C are used such that the homogeneity obtained is reflected by a DSC signature comprising a Gaussian peak for which the peak end temperature T3 is in the range from a value above 110° C. to 200° C.

Abstract: A process of making a fabric based stiffener material having thermal adhesive properties on its top and bottom surfaces which is based on (a) contacting a non-woven fabric with a latex forming resin and a finely divided powder adhesive polymer to form a latex saturated non-woven fabric; and (b) removing the excess latex from the non-woven fabric formed in step (a); and (c) drying the product of step (b).

Abstract: High performance filters comprise a basestock impregnated with an aqueous based poly(vinyl alcohol) graft emulsion copolymer as binder. The aqueous based poly(vinyl alcohol) graft emulsion copolymer binder is prepared by graft polymerizing one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solution in which at least 30% of the total poly(vinyl alcohol) is 70 to 97 mol % hydrolyzed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a bleach resist composition comprising: (a) a component selected from the group consisting of (1) an anionically modified phenol formaldehyde polymer comprising a phenol moiety and a formaldehyde moiety, (2) a naphthalene condensate, (3) a lignin sulfonate, (4) a phenol sulfonate derivative, a mixture thereof and (5) a (meth)acrylic polymer comprising residues of acrylic or methacrylic acid; and (b) a polyester. Further provided are methods of imparting bleach resistance to a substrate with the compositions of the invention.

Abstract: A fragrance-containing coating composition for paper substrates consists essentially of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastisol and one or more fragrances, for example, an insect repellant. The PVC plastisol contains an adhesion promoter when the paper substrate is a calendered and/or coated paper substrate. The coating is fused at about 320° F. for 15-30 seconds. The coated paper is stored in barrier bags.

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate comprises contacting a surface of said substrate, with a pressurized fluid comprising carbon dioxide and a surface treatment component, the surface treatment component being entrained in the pressurized fluid and contacting the surface so that the surface treatment component lowers the surface tension of the surface of the substrate and treats the substrate. The contacting step is preferably carried out by immersion, the fluid is preferably a liquid or supercritical fluid, the substrate is preferably a metal or fabric substrate, and the surface treatment component is preferably a fluoroacrylate polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymers whitened with optical brighteners obtained by (a) emulsion polymerization of acrylonitrile with or without a comonomer in the presence or absence of a graftable substrate, and (b) addition of an optical brightener before, during, or after the emulsion polymerization.

Abstract: The invention is high temperature emulsion composition comprising borax and a substantially water-insoluble polymer prepared by aqueous suspension polymerizing a blend of monomers, said blend comprising a plasticizing amount by weight of at least one plasticizing alkyl acrylate monomer, a hardening amount by weight of at least one hardening alkyl acrylate monomer and a crosslinking amount by weight of at least one multi-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, in an aqueous suspension comprising a water-soluble polymer component comprising at least one acrylic polymer having carboxylate functionality, its method of use and coated substrates made therewith.

Abstract: A collector is disclosed that is made of a polyolefin fiber having amidoxime groups and that is capable of efficient adsorptive recovery of useful metals such as uranium, vanadium, cobalt and titanium which are dissolved in small quantities in seawater. In the presence of a polymerizable monomer having a hydrophilic group, a polymerizable monomer having a cyano group is grafted to a polyolefin fiber by radiation-initiated graft polymerization to form both a hydrophilic group and a cyano group in the same graft side chains, and the cyano groups in the graft side chains are reacted with hydroxylamine to be converted to amidoxime groups, thereby producing a collector capable of recovering dissolved metals from seawater.

Abstract: Described is a water-soluble solid-phase ironing aid-freshening composition for use in forming controllably dimensioned tablets, which have controlled weights and densities and which are conveniently added to the water-containing steam chamber of a steam iron. The use of the tablets produced from the composition enables textiles which are ironed to be freshened and de-wrinkled. The composition includes (i) a support substance; (ii) a tablet binder substance; and (iii) a fragrance composition and, optionally, a silicone resin, a chelating agent and/or a surfactant.

Abstract: In a process for making a leather-like sheet by impregnating a fibrous substrate with a polyurethane emulsion, heat gellable polyurethane emulsion having a specific modulus of elasticity is employed as the polyurethane emulsion, and either of following methods (1) and (2) is also employed: (1) before impregnation of the polyurethane emulsion, the fibrous substrates are pretreated with a surfactant having a function of inhibiting adhesion between fibers and polyurethane (2) in addition to the above modulus of elasticity, the polyurethane emulsion has a specific &agr; dispersion temperature, the fibrous substrates are composed of microfine fiber-forming fibers, and after coagulation of polyurethane emulsion, the fibers are converted to microfine fibers. The leather-like sheets obtained according to this invention exhibits natural leather-like softness and hand touchness as well as excellent physical properties such as bending fatigue resistance.

Abstract: A method of strengthening threads holding an article, such as a button, onto a fabric substrate by applying a bonding solution onto a damaged thread bundle holding the article onto the substrate; ensuring penetration of the bonding solution such that the bonding solution coats all thread strands of the damaged thread bundle from top to bottom including thread strands sewn into the fabric substrate to thereby form a coated thread bundle; and curing the coated thread bundle to form an aggregate stem which is stronger than the original thread bundle and more securely holds the article onto the fabric substrate. The properties of the bonding solution to perform in the manner stated require that it be a low-VOC, water-based urethane, water-based acrylic, or water-based urethane-acrylic being a single-component, non-catalyzed, solution further having non-ambering and heat- and water-resistant qualities after curing.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a yarn provided with a superabsorbent material having a swelling value of at least 60 and having hydrophilic properties which is capable of absorbing and retaining quantities of water, wherein the process includes applying an aqueous solution of a water-soluble pre-superabsorbent material onto the yarn followed by drying and heating of the yarn in order to cross-link or to polymerize the water-soluble pre-superabsorbent material to the superabsorbent material. The superabsorbent material provides water blocking capability to the yarn so that it is suitable for use as a strength member in watertight optical communication cables.

Abstract: A method is furnished for producing a compressible layer for a printing blanket by heating a sheet-shaped intermediate layer of a rubber composition having a structure in which hollow microspheres are dispersed in matrix rubber for one to fifty minutes under certain defined conditions of vulcanizing pressure and temperature using a vulcanizer for applying heat and pressure in direct contact with the intermediate layer. The produced compressible layer exhibits superior compressibility and durability, is uniform in thickness and internal structure, and does not reduce the productivity of the printing blanket and increase the fabrication cost of the printing blanket.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition containing moisture regulators for tissue products, whereby they also contain 1% to 15% by weight, preferably 2% to 20% by weight, relative to the total composition, of at least one special non-ionic surfactant selected from among at least one amine oxide and/or hydroxy acid esters and/or at least one ampho-surfactant; the invention also relates to a tissue product as well as to a process for the production of tissue products.

Abstract: Vehicle air bags are constructed of fabric produced according to improved methodology. The fabric, which may be coated or uncoated, is dry woven on a loom machine without size. Since size is not used, the invention provides several methods to reduce chafing of the unprotected yarn during the weaving process. For example, the yarn is preferably of a type having a relatively large number of evenly-spaced nodes of entanglement. The warp ends are preferably beamed at a ratio of no greater than two ends per dent of the beaming comb. At least six (6) weaving harnesses are preferably used on the loom as the fabric is being produced. Because size is eliminated, the fabric does not have to be scoured prior to use. As a result, the air permeability of the fabric remains naturally low and fabric stiffness is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water-soluble and shelf-stable aqueous fluorochemical polymeric treatment useful to treat porous substrates to render them repellent to water- and oil-based stains. The treatment comprises a water-soluble fluorochemical polymer containing only carbon atoms in the backbone, with a plurality of each of the following groups pendent from the backbone: (a) fluoroaliphatic groups, (b) carboxyl-containing groups, (c) oxyalkylene or polyoxyalkylene groups, and, optionally, (d) silyl groups.

Abstract: Thermally curable aqueous compositions comprising a low-acid and an acid-rich polymer component and also a hydroxyalkylated amine are used as binders for shaped articles.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for enhancing extruded polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film adhesion to a cellulosic substrate. Such structures of this type, generally, use specialized primers which are applied in-line on the extruder such that the adhesion of PET to the cellulosic substrate can be greatly increased. This is accomplished by improvement of the chemical bond between the polymer film and substrate/primer.

Abstract: A dental floss having improved abrasion resistance composed of dental fibers coated with a UV-curable resin, and a method for producing a dental floss having improved abrasion resistance.

Abstract: The present invention features novel methods and compositions for coating textile substrates, wherein the coating compositions are composed of a coating agent selected from one of (a) an azetidinium polymer, (b) a guanidine polymer, (c) a mixture of an azetidinium polymer and a guanidine polymer, and (d) a copolymer of an azetidinium monomer and a guanidine monomer. Textile substrates coated with the compositions provide high quality printed images when printed with an ink containing a reactive dye having ionizable and/or nucleophilic groups capable of reacting with the coating agent in the textile coating composition. Images printed on a textile substrate coated with a coating composition of the invention are bleed-resistant, water-resistant (e.g., water-fast), detergent-resistant (e.g., detergent-fast), and/or are characterized by an enhanced chroma and hue.

Abstract: A composite material is described which is characterized by a substrate and by a nanocomposite which is in functional contact with the substrate and is obtainable by surface modification of a) colloidal inorganic particles with b) one or more silanes of the general formula (I) Rx—Si—A4−x  (I) where the radicals A are identical or different and are hydroxyl groups or groups which can be removed hydrolytically, except methoxy, the radicals R are identical or different and are groups which cannot be removed hydrolytically and x is 0, 1, 2 or 3, where x≧1 in at least 50 mol % of the silanes; under the conditions of the sol-gel process with a below-stoichiometric amount of water, based on the hydrolysable groups which are present, with formation of a nanocomposite sol, and further hydrolysis and condensation of the nanocomposite sol, if desired, before it is brought into contact with the substrate, followed by curing, said substrate not being a glass or mineral fiber or a vegeta

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate comprises contacting a surface of said substrate with a pressurized fluid comprising carbon dioxide and a surface treatment component, the surface treatment component being one which binds to the substrate. The contacting step is preferably carried out by immersion, the fluid is preferably a liquid or supercritical fluid, the substrate is preferably a metal or fabric substrate, and the surface treatment component is preferably a fluoroacrylate polymer.

Abstract: A laminated printing blanket having compressible and resilient properties and a method for its production are provided. The compressible characteristics are provided by disposing an intermediate layer having substantially uniformly distributed voids of substantially uniform size between the base ply and the working surface of the printing blanket. The voids of the compressible intermediate layer are formed by introducing high melting point microspheres formed from thermoplastic resins into an elastomeric matrix, coating said microsphere containing elastomeric matrix upon an upper surface of the base ply and then vulcanizing the coated base ply at a temperature of between about 80-150° C. for between about one and six hours to form the compressible layer having substantially uniform compression characteristics. Once all of the layers of the blanket are stacked, a final vulcanization treatment at between about 132-160° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to reactive polysols with a reactive monomer portion which is polymerized during thermal coating. The polysols exhibit good mechanical properties. A monofunctional (meth)acrylate monomer of formula (1) is used as reactive monomer component.

Abstract: Process for producing adhesive tapes in which adhesive tapes coated on one side with an adhesive composition are subjected to radiation crosslinking, the irradiation of the adhesive tape taking place through the backing material of the adhesive tape onto the adhesive composition in such a way that the backing material and that side of the adhesive composition facing the backing material receive a dose of from 30 to 200 kGy, in particular 100 kGy, and the acceleration voltage during the irradiation being chosen such that the dose on the open side of the adhesive composition has fallen from 0 to 60 kGy, in particular from 10 to 20 kGy.

Abstract: Binders for powder coatings are disclosed that contain, solid, unsaturated polyesterurethane (meth)acrylates having a melting temperature of from 35 to 180° C.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to fabrics for paper making machines that are rendered contamination resistant, maintain good permeability, and enhanced seam strength as a result of a durable coating that lasts the entire life of the fabric. A polyurethane based coating containing a fluorochemical will render the fabric contamination resistant over the entire fabric lifetime. It has been found that optical brighteners and titanium dioxide also enhance fabric appearance.

Abstract: Artificial leather can be produced, without using any organic solvent, by coating or impregnating a fibrous base material to be formed into artificial leather with a polymer solution in the form of an aqueous emulsion, in which the polymer exhibits elasticity when it is solidified and adhered to the base material; and then solidifying and adhering or fixed, in the fibrous base material, the polymer solution contained in the base material using a combination of wet heat (using the heat of water vapor) and microwave heating. Therefore, the method is not harmful to the environment and permits the reduction of the degree of migration as compared with the conventional methods in which the solidification and adhesion or fixation are performed by dry heating while making use of hot air.