Abstract: A method of treating leather for imparting soil resistance to the leather by contacting the leather with a fluorinated hydrophobic additive comprising at least one fluorinated urethane or a mixture of at least one fluorinated urethane with at least one fluorinated ester, and the resulting treated leather having soil resistance are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel textile finishing compositions for finishing textile articles are provided via the present invention. The textile finishing compositions disclosed herein comprise a cross-linking agent and a catalytic amount of an esterification agent. The cross-linking agents employed herein are selected from polycarboxylates such as homopolymers of ethylenically-?,?-unsaturated dicarboxylates, copolymers of all ethylenically-?,?-unsaturated dicarboxylates, and copolymers of ethylenically-?,?-unsaturated dicarboxylates polymerized with vinyl-containing monomers. Also provided via the present invention are methods for applying the aforementioned finishing compositions to textile articles.

Abstract: Polyurethane powder coating compositions containing uretdione groups and curing at low temperatures are provided, along with processes for preparing such compositions, and their use as powder coatings, wherein the compositions generally contain: A) a uretdione-containing powder coating hardener derived from aliphatic, (cyclo)aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates and hydroxyl-containing compounds, and having a melting point from 40 to 130° C., a free NCO content of less than 5% by weight, and a uretdione content of 6-18% by weight; B) a hydroxyl-containing polymer having a melting point from 40 to 130° C., and an OH number between 20 and 200 mg KOH/gram, and C) a catalyst of the formula [NR1R2R3R4]+[R5]?, in which R1-R4 simultaneously, or independently of one another, are alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl or alkoxyalkyl radicals, and each R1-R4 is aromatic, linear or branched, unbridged or bridged with other radicals, R1-R4.

Abstract: Polyurethane coatings which are the reaction product of A) an aliphatic, isocyanate-containing prepolymer having an isocyanate content of 1-8 wt. % and a free monomeric diisocyanate content of less than 2 wt. %, and containing 0.1 to 1.5 moles of per 1000 g of prepolymer of aliphatically bound uretdione and oxadiazinetrione groups, and B) a polyol component B) comprising at least 50 equivalent % of a compound corresponding to the formula HO—X—Y—X—OH where Y represents methylene, ethylene, —C≡C—, cyclohexylene-1,4, -1,3, -1,2, or phenylene-1,4, -1,3, -1,2 and X represents methylene, —OCH2CH2— (the oxygen being bound to the Y), or cyclohexylene-1,4, -1,3, -1,2, and where the equivalent ratio of the free NCO groups to isocyanate-reactive groups is 0.90 to 1.5. The coatings are applied to flexible substrates such as textile or leather by the casting or knife coating process by means of reactive compositions.

Abstract: An aqueous composition suitable for use, when dry, as an improved coating is provided including an aqueous emulsion polymer, the polymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) from greater than 20° C. to 80° C., formed by the free radical polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated nonionic acrylic monomer and 0-7.5%, by weight based on the total weight of the polymer, ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer in the presence of 0.01-1.0%, by weight based on the total weight of the polymer, t-alkyl hydroperoxide, t-alkyl peroxide, or t-alkyl perester wherein the t-alkyl group includes at least 5 Carbon atoms and, optionally, at least one other oxidant. A method of preparing the emulsion polymer, a method for providing a coated substrate wherein the coating contains the emulsion polymer having a Tg from −20° C. to 80° C., and a method for improving the scrub resistance of a coating by including the emulsion polymer having a Tg from −20° C. to 80° C.

Abstract: The invention discloses a process for the preparation of fluorinated polymers by miniemulsion polymerization of a mixture of fluorinated and nonfluorinated monomers in the absence of organic solvent. This polymerization process makes it possible to obtain an aqueous emulsion of fluorinated polymers devoid of coagulum.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a fine particle layer laminated film configured in such a manner that a plurality of fine particle layers containing the fine particles, of which average particle diameters are in the range of 1 nm and 95 nm, are laminated; wherein the fine particles in the fine particle layer laminated film are accreted by polymer molecules; there are air spaces within a film of the fine particle layer laminated film; and a density of the fine particles in the fine particle layer laminated film is in the range of 40% and 80% in percentage by volume. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a laminated film sufficiently having a property of the fine particle, for example, a property such as a low index of refraction or the like. Therefore, the present invention has an effect such that the fine particle layer laminated film according to the present invention can be preferably used for an application such as an antirelection film or the like.

Abstract: Boronic acid containing polymers are used to form bioinert gels and multilayer surface structures. These polymers form crosslinked hydrogels, which are highly swollen in water. The crosslinking can either be chemical or physical. Water soluble polymers containing boronic acid groups, such as phenylboronic acid (PBA), can be physically crosslinked by mixing the polymers in water with other polymers containing hydroxyls or carboxylic acids. Alternatively, surfaces can be treated by stepwise incubation with a solution of the boronic acid containing polymer, followed by incubation with a solution of a diol or carboxylic acid containing polymer. Many successive layers can be generated, increasing the thickness of the formed structure at each step.

Abstract: An oligomeric composition containing oligomers and at least one stabilizing component is provided. An aqueous dispersion composition containing the oligomeric composition is useful for treating tanned leather to provide leather with increased softness or strength. Also provided are a method of treating tanned leather using the composition and an article containing the treated leather.

Abstract: The present invention relates to reactive compositions containing (A) NCO prepolymers based on (cyclo)aliphatic polyisocyanates having an NCO content of 1 to 8 wt. % and a monomeric polyisocyanate content of less than 2 wt. %, (B) amine-free chain extenders containing at least 50 equivalent percent of a compound melting between 50° and 160° C. having formula (I) HO—X—Y—X—OH  (I)  wherein Y denotes methylene, ethylene, —C≡C—, 1,4-, 1,3-, or 1,2-cyclohexylene, or 1,4-, 1,3-, or 1,2-phenylene, and X denotes methylene, —OCH2CH2— (wherein oxygen is bonded to group Y), or 1,4-, 1,3-, or 1,2-cyclohexylene, and (C) 0 to 20 wt. %, relative to component (A), of inert organic solvents, wherein the equivalent ratio of the free NCO groups of component (A) to the NCO-reactive groups of component (B) is 0.90 to 1.35.

Abstract: Coated natural leather, prepared from natural leather having polyurethane coated on its flesh side and having an improved (decreased) measure of deformation, is provided.

Abstract: Multi-component composite coating compositions are provided which comprise a base coat deposited from a pigmented film-forming composition and a transparent top coat applied over the base coat in which the transparent top coat is deposited from a film-forming composition comprising one ore more ungelled chain-extended organic polysiloxanes having reactive functional groups, and one or more curing agents having functional groups reactive with the functional groups of the polysiloxane. Additionally provided is a process for applying the multi-component composite coatings described above to a substrate. Substrates coated with the above-described multi-component composite coating compositions are also provided.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed that comprises non-hydrolyzable, block, non-(AB)n type copolymers comprising units of the formula {XR2[(SiO(R1)2]xSi(R1)2R2X}, units of the formula {YO(CaH2aO)bY}, and linking groups —NR3—, wherein R1 is alkyl, R2 is a divalent organic moiety, X and Y are independently selected divalent organic groups formed by the ring opening of an epoxide, R3 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, oxygen-containing alkyl, oxygen-containing aryl, and oxygen-containing aralkyl, a=2 to 4, b=2 to 100, and x=1 to 500.

Abstract: An aqueous leather coating composition containing a multi-stage emulsion polymer having a stage of Tg<10° C. which contains a copolymerized carboxylic acid and which has been contacted with a divalent metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate and a polymer stage of Tg>20° C. which has been prepared in the presence of 1% to 15% by weight based on the weight of that stage of chain transfer agent is provided. Also, provided is a method for coating leather with the composition of this invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved hide-curing additive comprising an effective biocidal amount of an essential oil and a non-ionic surfactant. The improved additive provides an effective cure for the hides, is environmentally safe and economical.

Abstract: A fluorochemical composition to impart water repellency and/or oil repellency to a substrate, the composition comprising one or more condensates of (i) a methylolated amine or a C1-C4 alkoxylated derivative thereof, (ii) a hydrocarbon compound represented by formula (II) and (iii) a fluorinated compound represented by formula (I): Rf—(X1)n—Z1  (I) wherein: Rf is a fluorinated aliphatic group; X1 is an organic divalent linking group; Z1 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, thiol, amide or acid groups; and n is 0 or 1; and Rh—Z2  (II)  wherein: Rh is a hydrocarbon group having at least 6 carbon atoms and optionally being substituted with 1 to 3 subsituents; Z2 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, thiol, amide or acid groups. The invention further provides a method of treatment of a substrate with the fluorochemical composition and a treated substrate.

Abstract: A method for producing leather generally including the steps of: (a) providing wet blue, full grain skins, (b) applying a liquid chrome solution to the skins while at a pH of 3.5 or lower, (c) raising the pH level of the skins to at least approximately 6.0 or above, (d) retaining the skins with a vegetable tanning agent, (e) introducing the skins to a dye bath, (f) introducing lubricants into the dye bath, (g) fixing the dyestuff and lubricants in the skins while reducing the pH level to the range of 3.3-3.8, (g) introducing the skins to a second dye bath, (h) fixing the dyestuff while reducing the pH level to a range of 3.0-3.5, (i) introducing the skins to a float containing a waterproofing agent, (j) fixing the waterproofing agent while reducing the pH level to approximately 3.0, (k) capping the skins to remove emulsifiers, and (1) introducing the skins to a bath containing flame resistant agents.

Abstract: An aqueous leather coating composition and a method for coating leather with the aqueous coating composition are provided. The aqueous coating composition contains an aqueous emulsion polymer which includes from 0.4% to 10% by weight of a copolymerized acetoacetate or acetoacetamide monomer and has a glass transition temperature from −20° C. to 10° C. In an alternative embodiment the aqueous coating composition contains an aqueous emulsion polymer which includes from 0.1% to 6% by weight of a copolymerized acetoacetate or acetoacetamide monomer and from 2% to 15% by weight of copolymerized carboxylic acid monomer and has a glass transition temperature from −40° C. to 0° C., the polymer having been contacted with a transition metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate at a pH less than 9 in an amount greater than 0.20 equivalent of transition metal per equivalent of copolymerized carboxylic acid monomer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a bleach resist composition comprising: (a) a component selected from the group consisting of (1) an anionically modified phenol formaldehyde polymer comprising a phenol moiety and a formaldehyde moiety, (2) a naphthalene condensate, (3) a lignin sulfonate, (4) a phenol sulfonate derivative, a mixture thereof and (5) a (meth)acrylic polymer comprising residues of acrylic or methacrylic acid; and (b) a polyester. Further provided are methods of imparting bleach resistance to a substrate with the compositions of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to polysiloxanes containing carboxyl groups that are useful for imparting water-repellency to substrates, a process for their preparation, a water-repellent system containing such polysiloxanes, and a process for the production of hydrophobic substrates.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions or aqueous emulsions of copolymers are obtainable by copolymerization of (a) from 20 to 95 mol % of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C12-dicarboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof with (b) from 5 to 80 mol % of at least one branched oligomer or polymer which has a vinyl, vinylidene or alkylvinylene terminal group and is of at least 9 carbon atoms and (c) from 0 to 50 mol % of at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated compound which is copolymerizable with the monomers (a) and (b) and contain from 0.5 to 70% by weight, based on the total amount of the solutions or emulsions, of these copolymers. These copolymer solutions or emulsions are suitable as leather assistants and as dispersants for pigments.

Abstract: A curable ceramer composition, coated articles and methods for making and curing the composition. The curable ceramer comprises a fluoro/silane, a crosslinkable silane, a curable binder precursor, and a colloidal inorganic oxide. The ceramer has a long shelf life before cure and can be used to provide cured ceramer coatings and articles having stain resistance, abrasion resistance and hardness.

Abstract: A processing method of a leather material having grains thereon is disclosed. The processing method of the leather material includes: the first step of sammying a tanned leather material by hand; the second step of moistening the leather material; and third step of partially heating the leather material from the back to create grains thereon. The leather material may be folded at the position where the grains are created so that a relatively large convexity is formed. The invention also discloses a leather material thus processed as well as a leather product produced by using the leather material thus processed.

Abstract: This pertains generally to precursors and deposition methods suited to aerogel thin film fabrication of nanoporous dielectrics. An aerogel precursor sol is disclosed. This aerogel precursor sol contains a metal alkoxide (such as TEOS) and a solvent, but no gelation catalyst. By a method according to the present invention, such a precursor sol is applied as a nongelling thin film 14 to a semiconductor substrate 10. This substrate may contain patterned conductors 12, gaps 13, or other structures. An independent gelation catalyst (preferably, vapor phase ammonia) is added to promote rapid gelation of the thin film sol 14 at the desired time. One advantage is that it allows substantially independent control of gelation and pore fluid evaporation. This independent catalyst introduction allows additional processing steps to be performed between sol deposition and the onset of substantial gelation. One potential step is to evaporate a portion of the pore fluid solvent.

Abstract: A water and oil repellent composition comprising, as essential components, a phosphate of the following formula 1, a nonionic surfactant made of a compound containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond and at least one hydroxyl group in its molecule and an aqueous medium: (Rf—Q—O—)mPO(OH)n(O−)3−m−n.(Y+)3−m−n  Formula 1 wherein Rf is a polyfluoroalkyl group, Q is a bivalent organic group, Y+ is a monovalent counter ion, m is an integer of from 1 to 3, and n is an integer of from 0 to 2, provided that (m+n) is 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: An aqueous leather coating composition and a method for coating leather with the aqueous coating composition are provided. The aqueous coating composition contains an aqueous emulsion polymer which includes from 0.4% to 10% by weight of a copolymerized acetoacetate or acetoacetamide monomer and has a glass transition temperature from −20° C. to 10° C. In an alternative embodiment the aqueous coating composition contains an aqueous emulsion polymer which includes from 0.1% to 6% by weight of a copolymerized acetoacetate or acetoacetamide monomer and from 2% to 15% by weight of copolymerized carboxylic acid monomer and has a glass transition temperature from −40° C. to 0° C., the polymer having been contacted with a transition metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate at a pH less than 9 in an amount greater than 0.20 equivalent of transition metal per equivalent of copolymerized carboxylic acid monomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water-soluble and shelf-stable aqueous fluorochemical polymeric treatment useful to treat porous substrates to render them repellent to water- and oil-based stains. The treatment comprises a water-soluble fluorochemical polymer containing only carbon atoms in the backbone, with a plurality of each of the following groups pendent from the backbone: (a) fluoroaliphatic groups, (b) carboxyl-containing groups, (c) oxyalkylene or polyoxyalkylene groups, and, optionally, (d) silyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention provides an amphiphilic copolymer comprising recurring units (I) and (II), wherein: Rf represents a fluorinated alkyl group having at least 3 carbon atoms; Q and Q′ each independently represents an organic liking group or a chemical linkage; R1 and R2 each independently represents hydrogen or a C1 to C4 alkyl group; and Rh represents a hydrocarbon group having at least 8 carbon atoms and optionally containing 1 to 3 substituents; and a recurring unit comprising at least one carboxylic acid group or salt thereof. The present invention also provides a method for making the above amphiphilic copolymer. The amphiphilic copolymer can be used in a leather treatment to provide waterproofness to the leather.

Abstract: An aqueous leather coating composition and a method for coating leather with the aqueous coating composition are provided. The aqueous coating composition contains an aqueous emulsion polymer which includes from 0.4% to 10% by weight of a copolymerized acetoacetate or acetoacetamide monomer and has a glass transition temperature from −20° C. to 10° C. In an alternative embodiment the aqueous coating composition contains an aqueous emulsion polymer which includes from 0.1% to 6% by weight of a copolymerized acetoacetate or acetoacetamide monomer and from 2% to 15% by weight of copolymerized carboxylic acid monomer and has a glass transition temperature from −40° C. to 0° C., the polymer having been contacted with a transition metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate at a pH less than 9 in an amount greater than 0.20 equivalent of transition metal per equivalent of copolymerized carboxylic acid monomer.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions or dispersions of copolymers obtainable by free-radical copolymerization of (a) from 20 to 90% by weight of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated C4-6-dicarboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof, as component A, (b) from 5 to 50% by weight of at least one olefin having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, as component B, (c) from 5 to 50% by weight of at least one hydrophobic comonomer from the group consisting of long-chain olefins, esters of long-chain alcohols with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, long-chain amides of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and long-chain alkyl vinyl ethers, as component C, (d) from 0 to 40% by weight of further comonomers which can be copolymerized with the above monomers, as component D, where the sum of the amounts of components A, B, C and, if used, D is 100% by weight, followed by at least partial esterification or hydrolysis and neutralization and/or reaction of the carboxyl groups formed during the hydrolysis with bases, for treating leather and/or fur skins.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming coated fibers suitable for making a composite article. A plurality of fibers are coated with an aqueous- or non-aqueous-based chemical treatment containing a curable resin such that the resin on the fibers is in a partially cured or uncured state. The coated fibers may then be formed into a composite article in a subsequent forming operation, for example, by filament winding, pultrusion, weaving, knitting, or extrusion coating. The strand of fibers may also be shaped into a preform which can be used in resin transfer molding (RTM) and injection molding processes.

Abstract: A composition comprising a water-soluble cationic group-containing high-molecular compound (P1) derived from the reaction of (A) epichlorohydrin and a dialkyl or dialkanol amine, or (B) a glycidyl group-terminated hydrophilic oligomer and a diamine, dialkylamine or dialkanolamine; optionally, a high-molecular compound (P2) having a condensable functional group in a side chain such as alkylolacrylamide-bearing high-molecular compound (E) or hydrolyzable trialkylsilyl group-containing acrylic ester high-molecular compound (F); and a poly(meth)acrylate (P3) is coated onto a substrate and cured by ultraviolet radiation to form a printing medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyurethanes and a process for preparing them. These polyester polyurethanes contain units corresponding to the following formulae (I) and (II): ##STR1## The polyester urethanes according to the present invention form pseudolatices which may be utilized in cosmetic compositions.

Abstract: In order to effectively stop noises in the interior of a vehicle occurring to relative movements between individual components or a component and associated support part, it is proposed to coat them with a lacquer at the contact points.

Abstract: The use of certain siloxane and silane materials for the conservation of organic and inorganic materials. More specifically, this invention deals with a method of impregnating organic and inorganic materials with siloxanes and silanes and ultimately curing such materials to provide preservation properties to such materials. An especially significant use of the method is to preserve and conserve ancient artifacts. The curable materials are represented by silanol containing polymers crosslinked with trialkoxysilanes.

Abstract: Substrates are rendered water repellent by applying to the substrate a hyperbranched polymer containing a silicon atom made by polymerizing a derivatized aminofunctional organosilicon monomer which is the reaction product of an amine functional silane monomer precursor or an amine functional polysiloxane monomer precursor and a derivative of carbonic acid or a cyclic lactone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for waterproofing leathers, furs and other fibrous materials wherein waterproofing is carried out with conventional water repellents in the presence of dispersing or stabilizing auxiliary agents at pH-values of 3.5 to 5. Alkoxy-groups-containing copolymers, synthetic or natural fatliquors and/or synthetic retanning agents (syntans) are preferably used as dispersing or stabilizing auxiliary agents.

Abstract: The invention provides a powdered crosslinkable textile binder composition for producing polymer bonded textile moldings or sheet materials, comprisinga) a powdered copolymer obtainable by emulsion polymerization and subsequent drying of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl esters, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, vinylaromatics and vinyl chloride and of 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer, of one or more ethylenically unsaturated carboxyl-containing monomers, the copolymer having a glass transition temperature Tg or a melting point of greater than 40.degree. C. and a molecular weight Mw of 60,000 to 300,000, andb) at least one powdered compound having two or more epoxide or isocyanate groups and a melting point of 40.degree. C. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions, kits, and films formed therefrom which are useful as cosmetic or therapeutic agents, particularly as polishes for mammalian nails, as well as methods of their use. More particularly, the present invention relates to fast-drying compositions which enhance long wear through their fast-drying properties. When applied to mammalian nails, the present fast-drying compositions exhibit a 5% Diluent Content Time of less than about 38 minutes and or exhibit a 5% Diluent Content Time of less than about 44 minutes and has an Initial Slope greater than about 2.25.

Abstract: Compositions having improved stability which, when applied to a variety of substrates and cured, form transparent coatings having superior abrasion resistant properties. The coating compositions are aqueous-organic solvent mixtures containing a mixture of hydrolysis products and partial condensates of an epoxy functional silane and a tetrafunctional silane and a multifunctional compound selected from the group consisting of multifunctional carboxylic acids, multifunctional anhydrides and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the waterproofing of hides, skins, leathers, and furs, as well as other fibrous materials, by treatment with special surfactants in the beamhouse and/or in the treatment of the wet blues, prior to waterproofing. Particularly suitable as surfactants are anionic surfactants based on salts of N-acyl-amino acids and nonionic surfactants, such as alkyl polyglycosides or polyethyleneglycol carboxyalkyl ethers. The surfactants are used in amounts of 0.5 to 5% wt., relative to the pelt or shaved weight.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel composition for improving the hydrophobicity of leather and leather substitutes, which comprises an aqueous dispersion of an unreacted mixture of a relatively inert dimethyl 50 cst silicon fluid, ammonium oleate, and water.

Abstract: Leather can be pretreated to obtain good body, soft feel, and excellent grain smoothness and solidity with products having a molecular weight of 700 to 30,000 and which are obtainable by reaction ofA. polysuccinimide having a molecular weight, determined as the number-average, of 500 to 10,000, withB. 5 to 90 mol % based on the succinimide units of polysuccinimide A, and/or secondary amine, the nitrogen substituents of which contain 1 to 60 carbon atoms and which can be unsubstituted or substituted, at least 2.5 mol % of the nitrogen substituents of the amine containing at least 12 carbon atoms,C. optionally, (i) derivatives of C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -monocarboxylic acids, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -dicarboxylic acids, and/or (ii) monoisocyanates, diisocyanates epichlorohydrin (for reaction of amino and/or hydroxyl groups on the nitrogen substituents of the reaction product of A and B), andD. 95 to 10 mol % of ring-opening base in the presence of water.

Abstract: An ultra thin, water and oil repelling and durable overcoat is easily formed on a substrate surface via covalent bonding by applying a finishing agent of the invention, comprising a chemically adsorptive compound with a chlorosilyl group and a nonaqueous viscous liquid or solid medium, on the substrate surface. A finishing agent, comprising a chemically adsorptive compound with a chlorosilyl group and a nonaqueous viscous liquid or solid medium, is applied on a substrate surface comprising hydrophilic groups. The substrate surface is then reacted with the chemically adsorptive compound at room temperature, and the agent containing unreacted chemically adsorptive compound is removed. The generation of hydrochloric acid gas can be prevented by adding tertiary amine or amide in the molar amount of one to three times more than the chemically adsorptive compound contained in the finishing agent.

Abstract: A process for producing a printing medium is disclosed wherein a composition is applied to a substrate and cured by heat treatment, said composition comprising a water soluble cationic polymer (P1) selected from the group consisting of polymer (A) obtained by the addition polymerization of epichlorohydrin and a dialkylamine or dialkanolamine; polymer (B) derived from the addition polymerization of a glycidyl groups-terminated hydrophilic oligomer and an asymmetric diamine, dialkylamine or dialkanolamine; acrylic polymer (C) with a cationized hydroxyl group-containing molecular side chain; and polyvinyl alcohol (D) with a cationized hydroxyl group-containing molecular chain; and a condensable functional group-containing polymer (P2) selected from the group consisting of alkylolacrylamide copolymer and a hydrolyzable trialkylsilyl group-containing copolymer.

Abstract: Novel fatliquoring compositions used for treating mineral-tanned leathers are effective substitutes for oils which have conventionally been used to soften leather. The compositions comprise monomers which polymerize in situ and soften the leather by breaking the leather fibers into smaller units which can move about when the leather is deformed. Useful monomers are unsaturated phosphatidyl esters, such as phosphatidyl choline, and unsaturated fatty monomers, such as esters of unsaturated fatty alcohols and acrylic acid and vinyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions containing a polyurethane built up froma) diisocyanates having 4 to 30 carbon atoms,b) diols, of whichb.1) from 10 to 100 mol %, based on the total amount of the diols (b), have a molecular weight of from 500 to 5000 and are built up fromb1.1) (C.sub.4 - to C.sub.30 -alkyl)succinic acid and/or (C.sub.4 - to C.sub.30 -alkenyl)succinic acid,b1.2) from 0 to 60 mol %, based on component (b1.1), of a dicarboxylic acid which is different from component (b1.1), andb1.3) a diol having a molecular weight of from 60 to 500 g/mol,b.2) from 0 to 90 mol %, based on the total amount of the diols (b), have a molecular weight of from 60 to 500 g/mol, andb.

Abstract: The methods of forming a chemically adsorbed film by contacting a substrate with a solution mixture containing an alkoxysilane surface active agent, a non-aqueous solvent and a silanol-condensing catalyst to form a film covalently bonded to the substrate via siloxane bonds. These methods do not generate hydrochloric acid gas in forming the films and allow practical reaction rates.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming pre-impregnated fibers suitable for making a composite article. A plurality of fibers (14) are pre-impregnated with about 50 % by weight of an aqueous-based chemical treatment containing a curable resin, and then contacted with a drying device (41) which effects drying of the chemical treatment without effecting full curing of the resin. The pre-impregnated fibers may then be formed into a composite article in a subsequent forming operation, for example, by filament winding, pultrusion, weaving, knitting, or extrusion coating.

Abstract: Conventionally produced edible tubular casing is improved in its mechanical properties by being exposed to ultraviolet spectra in the range of 180 nm to 420 nm. The so treated casing is humidified, collapsed and wound onto a reel. The reel of tubular casing may be transported to a point of use where it is unwound, inflated, shipped and cut into lengths as desired.