Abstract: A hard-facing material source is an article whose net composition is, in weight percent, from about 20 to about 35 percent chromium, from about 2 to about 5 percent boron, from about 1 to about 2.5 percent silicon, from 0 to about 0.5 percent carbon, from about 0.5 to about 2 percent manganese, and from about 0.2 to about 1.0 percent titanium, balance iron and incidental impurities. The article may be a powder or a hollow tube with a powder packed therein. The hard-facing material source is thermally applied to a substrate by spraying or welding.

Abstract: Several poly(ethylene glycol) mixed carbonates and their preparation are closed. These carbonates are synthesized by conversion of polyethylene glycol first to the chloroformate then by reaction with the hydroxyl group of N-hydroxybenzotriazole or 2-hydroxypyrimidine or N-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone. These mixed carbonate analogs smoothly react with amino groups in aminoglycans and protein and amino containing surfaces to form stable, hydrolysis resistant carbamate linkages.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structure composed of a ragged base body with a ragged surface and a non-adhesive layer of a non-adhesive high polymer, in which the layer is fixed to at least the depressions of the ragged surface in such a way that the ragged profile of the body appears on the outer surface, reiterated by the layer. The ragged profile has a mean surface roughness Ra of 0.5 to 20 .mu.m and the mean distance Z between the adjacent projections forming the ragged profile is 20 to 1000 .mu.m. The non-adhesive high polymer may be a silicone high polymer having a silicone oil content of 10% or less. It has an effective surface tension of 32 dyn/cm or less. As the structure has improved releasing characteristics, adhesion of an adhesive substance to the structure may be effectively prevented without using any conventional releasing agent.

Abstract: A ceramic circuit board comprises a ceramic substrate having a glaze film formed thereon, the glaze film being overlaid with a functional thin film such as a ferromagnetic film serving as a magnetic sensor, for example. The ceramic substrate is made of a low-firing ceramic material such as a glass ceramic material which can be sintered at a temperature below 1000.degree. C. by co-firing with the glaze film. Preferably, the ceramic substrate has a recess on its top surface, and the glaze film is embedded in the recess such that the difference in level between the ceramic substrate and the glaze film is 20 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating a packaging element, specially a sealing element, comprising the coating with a polymer film of at least those parts of said element which are liable to be in contact with the products packaged, wherein said coating is produced by polymerization, assisted by cold-far-remote-plasma, of at least one monomer chosen from siloxanes and silazanes of formula: ##STR1## in which: A represents an oxygen atom or the NH group and;R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 represent, independently, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably a methyl group. Application: stoppers intended for a medical or pharmaceutical use.

Abstract: A layer of material is thermally sprayed onto a portion of the surface of a vehicle wheel rim drop well with an arc plasma spray gun. Before spraying, the drop well surface is prepared by removing any dirt, oil and oxides. The sprayed layer has a greater density than the metal forming the wheel rim and reduces the porosity of the drop well.

Abstract: The present invention resides in a white thermal control surface resistant to darkening due to exposure to X-rays and ultraviolet radiation. The surface comprises a substrate and a ceramic zirconium orthosilicate coating on said substrate. The zirconium orthosilicate coating is obtained by plasma-spray applying particles of zirconium orthosilicate onto the substrate. The particles of zirconium orthosilicate are doped with an oxide of a +3 valent metal. The metal ions of said +3 valent metal oxide are dispersed substantially uniformly throughout said particles.

Abstract: System and method for controlling alloy composition during molecular beam epitaxy growth of group III-V ternaries at high substrate temperature or under any conditions which give rise to significant desorption rates is described which incorporates desorption mass spectrometry in a real time feedback loop for continuous monitoring and control of layer composition by control of incident group V (e.g., arsenic) flux.

Abstract: The oxidation protection for a surface of a carbon/carbon composite substrate having a primary protective coating previously formed thereon is improved by applying to said surface a layer of a coating material comprising titanium diboride, colloidal silica, and an intermetallic compound, e.g., silicon carbide. The primary coating can be a boronated silicon carbide coating.

Abstract: A silicon oxide depositing source is a mixture of a metallic silicon powder and a silicon dioxide powder. Both the powders are finely divided to a mean particle size of up to 20 .mu.m. They are mixed to give an oxygen to silicon atom ratio between 1.2:1 and 1.7:1. The source is adapted to be evaporated by an electron beam heating technique, allows the power of an electron beam to be increased without a splash phenomenon, and eventually deposits a silicon oxide thin film having transparency and improved barrier properties.

Abstract: A method of using a plasma to build up an optical fiber preform consists in injecting hydroxyl ions in a controlled manner into the build-up silica that is deposited on the preform. The invention is applicable to the manufacture of optical fibers, in particular monomode fibers.

Abstract: Process and system for protecting an oxidizable material against oxidation.The process according to the invention consists of forming a gas-permeable body (1) having open pores (28), a first surface (2) intended to come into contact with an oxidizing gaseous flow (4) liable to oxidize the body and a second surface (6) opposite to the first surface and injecting an oxygen-free protective gas (8) through the second surface (6) leading to disturbances in the material giving it a protection against oxidation.

Abstract: A particle of an inorganic or metallic material which is coated on the surface with ultrafines of an inorganic or metallic material. The coated particle is produced by introducing the particles of the inorganic or metallic material to be coated into a stream carrying the ultrafines of the inorganic or metallic material formed in a vapor phase and bringing the particles to be coated into contact with said ultrafines in a fluidized state. The coated particles are used for the production of a sintered product.

Abstract: Molybdenum disilicide base materials and methods for producing them are described. Mixtures of MoSi.sub.2 powder and other powders including SiO.sub.2, Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, SiC and Mo.sub.5 Si.sub.3 are plasma sprayed. Another embodiment which involves oxidation of MoSi.sub.2 is also disclosed. The resistant materials have particular utility as coatings for Nb alloys.

Abstract: A reduced pressure processing system includes a load lock chamber having an opening communicating with a process atmosphere in which a wafer is processed and/or the outer air atmosphere, a gate valve which is arranged at the opening to close/open the chamber with respect to the process atmosphere and/or the outer air atmosphere, a robot for loading/unloading the wafer into/from the chamber, an evacuation pump for evacuating the chamber, a heater for heating the wall of the chamber, and a controller for controlling the gate valve, the robot, the evacuation pump, and the heater.

Abstract: Alumino-silicate glass-ceramic coated carbon-carbon composite and graphitic substrates having resistance to oxidation and thermal cycling. The coatings are fabricated from plasma-sprayed powders of beta-spodumene, cordierite, beta-eucryptite or beta-quartz and are rapidly recrystallized by laser processing.

Abstract: A thermal spray powder feed coating composition composed of stabilized zirconia mixed with zircon and a selected oxide, such as yttria, to form a refractory oxide coating ideally suited for hearth rolls for annealing steel. Process for producing the coating and the coated article so produced is also disclosed.

Abstract: Deposition of a hard film of Ti--Si--N composite material on a substrate is carried out by using a source of evaporation possessing a composition of Ti.sub.a Si.sub.b (wherein "a" and "b" stand for atomic percentages respectively falling in the ranges of 75 at %.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.85 at % and 15 at %.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.25 at %, providing a+b=100 at %). Deposition is effected by a sputtering process or ion plating process in an atmosphere of an inert gas containing a nitrogen-containing reaction gas while controlling the feed rate of the reaction gas into a chamber in such a manner that the partial pressure of nitrogen is kept constant or varied continuously or stepwise.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion processes having a susceptibility to coke formation on the internal surfaces of processing equipment are improved by inhibiting the formation of coke with the use of a glass bead treatment for the metal surfaces. After treating with ordinary glass bead cleaning methods, metal surfaces are found to inhibit coke formation. The glass bead treatment is easily performed and, therefore, offers advantages over other chemical treatments for the deposition of silica on reactor internals.

Abstract: A silicon-base ceramic substrate is provided with a mullite coating by flame-spraying heated crystalline mullite powders onto a substrate that is preheated to a temperature in excess of 800.degree. C. The mullite immediately crystallizes as it solidifies.

Abstract: In a ceramic welding process a composition of matter therefore includes a mixture of refractory particles and oxidizable metal particles wherein the harmonic mean size of the refractory particles is between 300 and 1000 microns, and the size range spread factor of the refractory particles is between 0.4 and 1.1 inclusive.

Abstract: A thin film is formed on a substrate positioned in a vacuum chamber by use of a gas jet apparatus affixed to a vacuum chamber port and having an outer nozzle with an interior cavity into which carrier gas is fed, an inner nozzle located within the outer nozzle interior cavity into which reactant gas is introduced, a tip of the inner nozzle being recessed from the vacuum chamber port within the outer nozzle interior cavity, and a microwave discharge device configured about the apparatus for generating a discharge in the carrier gas and reactant gas only in a portion of the outer nozzle interior cavity extending from approximately the inner nozzle tip towards the vacuum chamber. A supersonic free jet of carrier gas transports vapor species generated in the microwave discharge to the surface of the substrate to form a thin film on the substrate.

Abstract: The vacuum plasma spray process produces well-bonded, dense, stress-free coatings for a variety of materials on a wide range of substrates. The process is used in many industries to provide for the excellent wear, corrosion resistance, and high temperature behavior of the fabricated coatings. In this application, silicon metal is deposited on graphite. This invention discloses the optimum processing parameters for as-sprayed coating qualities. The method also discloses the effect of thermal cycling on silicon samples in an inert helium atmosphere at about 1600.degree.C. which transforms the coating to silicon carbide.

Abstract: A process for welding stainless steel tubing in the presence of an inert gas comprising a silicon base gas, in particular silane SiH.sub.4. During the welding operation, a suitable quantity of silicon is deposited by chemical vapor deposition at the weld joint to significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the weld.

Abstract: The oxidation resistance of MCrAlY-type overlay coatings is improved by incorporating small discrete oxide particles into the coating. The particles are preferably yttrium oxide, and the coating is applied by simultaneously plasma spraying MCrAlY-type powder particles and oxide particles onto a substrate in a nonoxidizing atmosphere. Improvements in resistance to rumpling has also been observed in coatings applied according to this invention.

Abstract: The plasma producing gas consists of a ternary mixture of helium, argon and hydrogen and contains at least about 10% hydrogen, typically 30 to 70% helium, 10 to 50% argon and 10 to 25% hydrogen, preferably 20% (.+-.5%) hydrogen. Use for the plasma projection of metallic oxide.

Abstract: A method for forming an abradable composite material and the material so formed. A filler is fed axially into a stream of high-temperature combustion gases such that the filler is entrained in the gaseous stream. The gaseous stream containing the filler is then used to atomize the molten tip of a metal wire which is continuously fed into the gaseous stream. The resultant gaseous stream which contains both the filler and the atomized molten metal is directed to the surface of a target. The filler and the molten metal impact the target and combine to form a substantially continuous metal matrix in which the interstices are filled by the filler. The composite material abrades readily upon frictional contact with a moving part.

Abstract: A method of forming high temperature resistant coatings having magnetic particles in a ceramic matrix by plasma spraying. Typically, the surface to be coated is cleaned by a combination of solvent cleaning and abrasion, such as by grit blasting. A mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles is provided and the mixture is plasma sprayed onto the surface using a sufficiently large proportion of metal particles to form a conductive first coating layer. A second layer is plasma sprayed with a mixture having a gradually decreasing metal particle content. A third layer is plasma sprayed using a mixture having a sufficiently low proportion of metal particles as to be dielectric. A pattern of small, spaced, conductive areas is then formed on the surface of the third layer. The resulting coating is durable, high temperature resistant and absorbs incident microwave energy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing dense refractory products, comprising:(a) obtaining a quantity of exoergic material in powder form capable of sustaining a combustion synthesis reaction;(b) removing absorbed water vapor therefrom;(c) cold-pressing said material into a formed body;(d) plasma spraying said formed body with a molten exoergic material to form a coat thereon; and(e) igniting said exoergic coated formed body under an inert gas atmosphere and pressure to produce self-sustained combustion synthesis.Also disclosed are products produced by the method.

Abstract: This invention relates to production of high purity fused silica glass doped with titania through oxidation or flame hydrolysis of a gaseous mixture and containing rutile crystals comprising a vaporizable, silicon-containing compound. Titanium-2-ethylhexyloxide, titanium cyclopentyloxide, and a titanium amide, or a combination thereof, constitute the operable titanium-containing compounds.

Abstract: An improved semiconductor device manufacturing system and method is shown. In the system, undesirable sputtering effect can be averted by virtue of a combination of an ECR system and a CVD system. Prior to the deposition according to the above combination, a sub-layer can be pre-formed on a substrate in a reaction chamber and transported to another chamber in which deposition is made according to the combination without making contact with air, so that a junction thus formed has good characteristics.