Abstract: A protection layer for use in a waterproofing or roofing system and a method for making the protection layer in a rollable form is disclosed. The protection layer includes a core matrix of felt and asphalt saturant typical in many roofing products. The protection layer also includes a unique coating applied to the matrix. The coating comprises a mixture of asphaltic waste, a relatively soft asphalt, and a filler. The addition of the coating to the matrix results in a product that is flexible enough to allow the product to be rolled without cracking, yet is sufficiently puncture and scuff resistant to adequately protect an underlying membrane.

Abstract: A coating composition for forming abrasion-resistant, high clarity coatings is described. It has been found that a macrocrystalline or single crystal mineral abrasive can be added at high levels, about 5 to about 80 percent by weight, to art-recognized film-forming resin compositions for producing coatings exhibiting exceptional abrasion resistance and clarity. Such a coating composition is useful for application to surfaces including wood, vinyl, tile, rubber modified cement, marble, metal, plastic, and laminated surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low-flammability shingle comprising at least one double-sidedly bituminized textile sheet material to whose surface has been applied a pulverulent or flaky flame protectant at least single-sidedly, and to roofs comprising these shingles.

Abstract: Curable compositions that are particularly suitable for coating plastic ophthalmic lenses includes (a) 20% to 80% of a first acrylated aliphatic urethane; (b) 5% to 50% of a monofunctional acrylate; (c) (i) 2% to 30% of a second acrylated aliphatic urethane or (ii) 2% or 25% of a multifunctional acrylate or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii); (d) 1% to 30% of a colloidal metal oxide; (e) 1% to 20% of a photoinitiator; and (f) a solvent, with the percentages based on weight. The cured composition provides superior abrasion and impact resistance as well as protection against environmental and chemical agents. In addition, the UV curable compositions are capable of forming films on various substrates; the film has excellent compatibility and adhesion to AR coatings that are applied thereon. No primer coating is required.

Abstract: A non-slip, water resistant, oil resistant surface structure for use where water and/or oil are likely to create a slippery surface, including a rubber-bottom mat upon which a thrice coated, non-slip surfaced substrate is fastened, the coating on the substrate including crushed walnuts, or the equivalent, to provide for a non-slip surface and the coating comprising a thermosetting epoxy resin material with an amine hardener.

Abstract: The present invention relates to An anti-fogging and stain-prevented glass article having an alkali shut-off film and a photocatalytic film in the order laminated on the surface of glass substrate, in which dents and projections having an arithmetical mean roughness (Ra) from 1.5 to 80 nm and mean interval (Sm) of dents and projections from 4 to 300 nm are formed thereon, and to An anti-fogging and stain-prevented glass article having an alkali shut-off film, a photocatalytic film, and a silicon oxide monocomponent equivalent layer or a layer of organosilane including at least one kind of functional group selected from polyalkyleneoxide group, alkyl group, alkenyl group and aryl group in its molecules or its hydrolyzed substance, laminated in the order on the surface of a glass article. The abovementioned anti-fogging and stain-prevented glass article can be used for window glasses of automobiles and buildings, and glasses, etc.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silicon electrode plate including silicon single crystal used as an upper electrode in a plasma etching apparatus wherein concentration of interstitial oxygen contained in the silicon electrode plate is not less than 5×1017 atoms/cm3 and not more than 1.5×1018 atoms/cm3, and the silicon electrode plate wherein nitrogen concentration in the silicon electrode plate is not less than 5×1013 atoms/cm3 and not more than 5×1015 atoms/cm3. There can be provided a silicon electrode plate consisting of silicon single crystal used as an upper electrode in a plasma etching apparatus wherein problems due to adhesion of impurities such as heavy metal or the like can be prevented.

Abstract: A substrate film for an adhesive sheet containing an elastomer resin and a hydrophilic polymer having a tensile modulus of elasticity higher than that of the elastomer resin and/or 8 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the elastomer of inorganic fine particles having an average diameter size of 15 &mgr;m or less are added. An adhesive sheet is formed by providing an adhesive layer on the film. The adhesive sheet prepared using the film containing the hydrophilic polymer as a substrate has sufficient flexibility and sufficient skin follow-up property after its application, while sufficiently satisfying processability in producing the adhesive sheet and handling property in adhering.

Abstract: The articles of the present invention comprise pavement marking articles which are retroreflective under dry and/or wet conditions. The articles comprise a monolayer of exposed-lens optical elements, a spacing layer, and a reflective layer. The present invention also provides a method of making said pavement marking articles.

Abstract: A papermaking belt comprises a reinforcing element and a resinous framework joined together. The resinous framework is formed by a plurality of resinous beads which mutually contact or cross-over. Super-knuckles extending outwardly from the reinforcing element are formed at points of contact. A preferred continuous process for making the belt comprises extruding, in a pre-selected pattern, a plurality of beads of a resinous material onto the forming surface thereby forming the resinous framework thereon, joining the resinous framework and the reinforcing element together, and then solidifying the resinous framework. The resinous material may comprise at least two chemically-active materials capable of cross-linking upon contact.

Abstract: A curable slurry for forming ceramic microstructures on a substrate using a mold. The slurry is a mixture of a ceramic powder, a fugitive binder, and a diluent. The ceramic powder has a low softening temperature in a range of about 400° C. to 600° C. and a coefficient of thermal expansion closely matched to that of the substrate. The fugitive binder is capable of radiation curing, electron beam curing, or thermal curing. The diluent promotes release properties with the mold after curing the binder or quick and complete burn out of the binder during debinding.

Abstract: An article is disclosed that has a patterned surface containing alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic surface regions. The hydrophobic regions may be sufficiently narrow such that under dew conditions moisture accumulated on the hydrophobic region migrates to the hydrophilic region, thus preventing the accumulation of water droplets. In frost conditions, the hydrophobic region remains relatively frost-free, thus maintaining at least partial transparency of the surface. Inorganic oxide particles on the surfaces of the hydrophobic regions may provide abrasion resistance. A method for making the patterned surfaces is disclosed in which a treatment removes organic binder to expose inorganic oxide particles at the surface of the hydrophilic regions.

Abstract: A reflective pad formed of a bottom fabric base layer, a top glass bead layer and an intermediate metal coating layer and treaded with a laser beam to present a first pattern that can be seen from different angles, a second pattern that is seen at a first particular angle, and a third pattern that is seen at a second particular angle.

Abstract: A composite on the surface of a substrate, and a method for producing the composite are disclosed. The composite includes a first coating, reflective beads, and a clear coating. The method for preparing the composite includes the stepwise application of coating compositions and reflective beads. The composite, which is wear-resistant and retroreflective, is useful as a traffic marking.

Abstract: Transparent solid, fused microspheres are provided. In one embodiment, the microspheres contain alumina, zirconia, and silica in a total content of at least about 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the solid, fused microspheres, wherein the total content of alumina and zirconia is greater than the content of silica, and further wherein the microspheres have an index of refraction of at least about 1.6 and are useful as lens elements.

Abstract: A three-layer asphalt composition shingle where the top layer is of a full width, a middle layer is less than the full width, and a bottom layer has a width shorter than the middle layer. The middle and top layers of the shingle have tabs and cutouts. The tabs of each such layer generally differ in some feature. Moreover, the corresponding tabs between the middle layer and top layer also differ with respect to some feature, such as a lengthwise size, a widthwise size, shape or in color. Each of the three layers includes color zones, and often plural color zones. The different tab features and the different color features of the various layers provide a high degree of randomness to enhance a visual appearance to a roof shingled with such type of shingles.

Abstract: A core crush resistant prepreg for use in making a fiber reinforced composite panel structure is provided. The prepreg comprises a woven fabric consisting essentially of carbon fiber tow strands impregnated with a hardenable polymeric resin composition. Typically the fabric has an areal weight of from about 180 to about 205 grams per square meter. The prepreg has an average fiber tow aspect ratio of less than about 15.4, a prepreg thickness of at least about 0.245 mm, and a prepreg openness of at least about 1.2 percent but less than about 6.0 percent. Preferably, the resin composition is predominantly viscous in nature and has a tan &dgr; value of between 0.9 and 2.0 at an elevated temperature between 70° C. and 140° C., and an average epoxy functionality of greater than 2.0. A method for evaluating core crush resistance properties of a prepreg is also provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns a multiple-layer composite sheet and a method of manufacturing such a sheet. The composite sheet comprises a supporting sheet bonded to a “hetero sheet”. The hetero sheet consists of a heterogeneous blend of an elastic thermoplastic fundamental substance that cures semicrystalline or amorphous subsequent to processing and particles of added material distributed therein. The particles can be mixed and extruded along with the fundamental substance although they are heterogeneously bound therein. In the hetero sheet the particles of added material heterogeneously distributed therein are detached, by stretching for example, from the surrounding fundamental substance (2) and the material of the hetero sheet stands up at the many areas of detachment to create a fleecy surface. At least one hetero sheet (20) is enclosed in at least one supporting sheet (10 & 30).

Abstract: The invention provides an optical sheet suitable for use in displays such as LCD and EL and having good light transmission property and diffusiveness and moreover possessing excellent durability that the optical properties of the optical sheet can be retained even under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions. The optical sheet has a transparent substrate and a binder layer laminated directly or through another layer on the transparent substrate, wherein spherical fine particles having a particle diameter distribution of from 0.8 to 1.0 are embedded in a state of a monoparticle layer in the binder layer so as to partly project from the surface of the binder layer, and a distance from the top of the projected fine particles to the surface of the transparent substrate is from 100% to 110% of the volume average particle diameter of the spherical fine particles.

Abstract: An expansion joint patch apparatus for repairing failed or torn expansion joint belting having a substantially flat, woven substrate material, and a cured solution of suspended elastomer, coating the substrate material. The substrate material is selected from the group consisting of aramid, fiberglass, corrosion resistant alloy wire, polyester, ceramic and kevlar fabrics. The elastomer material is selected from the group consisting of chloroprene, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, ethylene propylene, chloronated isobutylene isoprene, fluoroelastomers and silicone rubbers. The invention further includes a method for forming a fluoroelastomer patch for repairing fabric expansion joints.

Abstract: Substrate, at least part of at least one of the faces of which has a geometry which is optionally obtained by means of a coating and which differs from that of an ideal uniform, perfectly plane or even slightly curved, sheet, in that it has a bumps-and-hollows relief which can be defined by submicron sizes which, almost in their entirety, fall into at least two different classes, the respective representative values of which vary by a factor of at least 5 or of at most 1/5; applications of this substrate to anti-stain and anti-mist or anti-rain glazing; processes for preparing the substrate.

Abstract: Oligomeric materials contain ultraviolet light absorbing compounds that are covalently bound to the oligomer backbone through an ester or amide linkage. These ultraviolet light absorbing oligomers may be combined with polymers such as polyolefins to provide protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet light.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a concrete product having a retroreflective surface with uniform and sharp edge which is produced easily with shortened time without using a special equipment or process as well as chemicals which need special attention in handling. The disclosure also establishes a method to obtain the substrate consisting of a concrete-based material and a retroreflective element dispersed and embedded at least in a surface portion of said substrate, at least a part of which element is exposed from a surface of said substrate and the said retroreflective element being exposed from the substrate surface as a result of partially retarded hardening of the said concrete-based material and removal of the thus produced, unhardened concrete material.

Abstract: A protection layer for use in a waterproofing or roofing system and a method for making the protection layer in a rollable form is disclosed. The protection layer includes a core matrix of felt and asphalt saturant typical in many roofing products. The protection layer also includes a unique coating applied to the matrix. The coating comprises a mixture of asphaltic waste, a relatively soft asphalt, and a filler. The addition of the coating to the matrix results in a product that is flexible enough to allow the product to be rolled without cracking, yet is sufficiently puncture and scuff resistant to adequately protect an underlying membrane.

Abstract: This invention relates to a color stable pigment composition for coating hard mineral granules employed for weather surfacing asphalt roofing and siding shingles. The composition is a 40-60% aqueous slurry of pigment containing ferrosoferric oxide and a silicate/clay mixture which is suitable for coating the surface of the mineral granules. The invention also pertains to a process for the manufacture of the coated granules, to the dry coated mineral granule product containing ferrosoferric oxide bonded in a silicate/clay matrix which is suitable for surfacing asphaltic shingles, to the dried composition containing from about 5 to about 50 wt. % total pigment in a silicate/clay matrix in which the pigment contains Fe3O4 in a concentration of between about 2 and about 100% and to a Fe3O4 pigment mixture per se.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat-sealable adhesive label with a built-in spacer and methods of its manufacture. The adhesive label of the present invention includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface, and an adhesive coating disposed on the first surface of the substrate. The adhesive coating includes an adhesive and a plurality of spacer particles that impart roughness to the adhesive coating. Methods of making and using a heat-sealable adhesive label also are disclosed.

Abstract: Acicular hematite particles of the present invention comprise an average major axis diameter of 0.004 to 0.295 &mgr;m, a geometrical standard deviation of minor axis diameter of not more than 1.35 and a pH value of not less than 8, and containing not more than 300 ppm of soluble sodium salt, calculated as Na and not more than 150 ppm of soluble sulfate, calculated as SO4. Such acicular hematite particles are suitable as non-magnetic particles for a non-magnetic undercoat layer of a magnetic recording medium which exhibits a low light transmittance, an excellent smooth surface and a high strength, and can be prevented from being deteriorated in magnetic properties due to the corrosion of magnetic acicular metal particles containing iron as a main component which are dispersed in a magnetic recording layer thereof.

Abstract: Glass microspheres and rear projection screens containing glass microspheres, which combine a desirable index of refraction (preferably, no greater than about 1.70) and low levels of defects (e.g., bubbles, visible haziness, frostiness, or opacity, substantially nonspherical shapes) upon formation are provided. Also provided is a coating method of placing microspheres on a film for use in a rear projection screen.

Abstract: The variegated shingle comprises a shingle layer having front and rear surfaces the front surface including a butt portion and a headlap portion. The shingle layer contains granules on the front surface forming a plurality of horizontal striations providing gradations having color values ranging from light to dark extending between a leading edge of the butt portion and an upper portion thereof. The striations include an upper striation along the upper portion, a lower striation closer to the leading edge, and an intermediate striation between the upper and lower striations. The upper striation is darker in color value than the lower striation, whereas the intermediate striation is no darker in color value than the upper striation and no lighter in color value than the lower striation. The color values of at least one of the upper, lower, and intermediate striations vary across the granule layer.

Abstract: A process for preparing silica gel is disclosed. The silica gel is produced by immersing a base in silica sol, drying the impregnated base in a mixed solution of an alkali silicate and an alkali hydroxide, removing the impregnated base form the mixed solution, heating the impregnated base, and subsequently treating the impregnated base with an acid. A sufficient amount of silica gel for use as a dehumidifying element can be produced through a single series of treatments.

Abstract: Glass elements, particularly small cylinders of Venetian-type glass, are arranged on a basic sheet or flat surface (10) by means of a grid tool (20) and possibly a masking implement (30) or a plurality of masking implements, to selectively mask part of the holes in the grid. The sheet of glass with small cylinders resting on it is then subjected to heating, at temperatures between 400 and 1100 .degree. C. Sheets or articles are provided with lenticular drops or small cylinders in one or more colors that can be used for ornamental purposes and interior decoration are obtained.

Abstract: Method of preparing colored roofing granules (18) from granulated mineral-containing matter having an elemental iron content of about 15% to about 70% is disclosed. The method comprises heating the granules (18) to a temperature of from about 450.degree. C. to about 1,000.degree. C. and maintaining the temperature for a period of time sufficient to effect a color change in the granules. The resulting oxidized granules are permanently colored and will not fade in use.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an anti-fogging article which is excellent in durability, wear resistance, anti-fogging property and anti-fogging substainability property, wherein the same is an anti-fogging article in which a film having a metal oxide fine particles having a grain size from 4 through 300 nm and having metal oxides used as its matrix is coated on a substrate and dents and projections having an arithmetical mean roughness (Ra) from 1.

Abstract: Abrasive articles comprising a cured thermosetting binder and abrasive grains. The binder is prepared with a poly-functional molecule comprising at least two functional groups selected from the group consisting of carboxyl and anhydride, and a crosslinking agent which is selected from the group consisting of a mono(hydroxyalkyl)urea comprising a single urea group, a single hydroxyl group, and at least two carbon atoms disposed between the urea group and the hydroxyl group, and 2-oxazolidone. The abrasive articles comprise bonded, nonwoven or coated abrasive articles.

Abstract: An adhesive backed article, method for its manufacture and a kit including such an article are provided. The article of the invention is provided as an antislip product comprised of a backing and an oil resistant adhesive applied to a major surface of the backing. In one aspect of the invention, an article is provided comprising: a backing having a first and second major surfaces, the first major surface being textured to provide a slip resistant surface; and a pressure sensitive adhesive disposed on the second major surface of the backing, the adhesive formulated to be resistant to peel in use when exposed to oily environments, the adhesive comprising the polymerized reaction product of (a) acrylic acid; (b) at least one N-vinyl containing monomer; (c) at least one acrylate selected from the group consisting of isooctyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and combinations thereof; (d) optionally, less than about 20 weight % fluoroalkyl siloxane; and (e) optionally, a cross linking agent.

Abstract: Described is a lapping tape having, on a flexible substrate, a lapping layer comprising inorganic powders and a binder as main components. The binder contained in the lapping layer comprises:1) a phenoxy resin; and2) a polyester polyurethane resin having a number-average molecular weight Mn not less than 20000 but not greater than 100000. Accordingly, the lapping tape so obtained exhibits excellent advantages that the generation of lapping scratches on the surface to be lapped can be prevented to the utmost, the peeling of the lapping layer from the lapping tape can be suppressed and the lapping tape has excellent lapping ability.

Abstract: A retroreflective article (100, 200, 300) that has a retroreflective layer (120, 220, 320) that includes optical elements (121, 221, 321) and a specularly reflective layer (122, 222, 322), and a binder layer (110, 210, 310), that is the reaction product of an epoxy resin and polymer that has a silicon-containing, crosslinkable, terminal, functional groups. Retroreflective articles of this construction can demonstrate good abrasion resistance and laundering durability.

Abstract: A frangible tear strip for toner cartridges used in electro-photographic copying devices, in which bursting strength is increased without making it more difficult for the user to longitudinally tear the strip to create an opening for passage of toner prior to use. This is accomplished by providing multiple areas of transverse reinforcement of the strip either by increased local area fusing of the material, or the lamination of transversely extending reinforcements at spaced intervals. In a preferred embodiment, the reenforcing material extends the entire axial length of the seal. In a further embodiment, the reinforcing material includes a layer of foam material having a rectangular opening overlapping a corresponding opening in a toner cartridge.

Abstract: Described is a lapping tape having, on a flexible substrate, a lapping layer formed by coating a paint for the formation of a lapping layer which contains inorganic powders, a binder and solvents, and then drying. In the lapping tape according to the present invention, the solvents in the paint contain an organic solvent having a boiling point of 120.degree. C. or higher in an amount of 20 to 60 wt. % based on the total amount of organic solvents; the lapping layer has a thickness of 3 to 25 .mu.m; and the remaining amount of the solvents in the lapping layer is 500 g/m.sup.3. The present invention therefore brings about excellent advantages that the lapping scratches on the surface to the lapped can be prevented to the utmost; peeling of the lapping layer from the lapping tape can be suppressed; and the lapping tape has excellent lapping ability.

Abstract: A multi-layer thermoplastic packaging, the outer layer containing at least one filler having particles of different particle size and of a diameter .gtoreq.50 .mu.m, to give a natural stone external appearance and a process for the preparation thereof which includes coextrusion and blowing of the inner and outer layers, to provide the packaging which can be in the form of a flask, bottle, pot or other desired shape.

Abstract: A silicone compound having a textured surface when cured, said compound resulting from the combination of an elastomeric base comprising, a hydrolyzable silicone composition and a hydrolyzable silicone crosslinker and a rubber solution comprising a rubber and a solvent absorbable into said elastomeric base.

Abstract: A pavement marking tape having a scrim, wherein the scrim is extensible to enable the tape to conform to irregularities in a road surface, and thereby bond more securely to that surface.

Abstract: An abrasive sheet has an abrasive particle layer formed on a surface of a thin flexible resin film. The abrasive sheet is produced by the steps of preparing a releasable film, forming a thin flexible resin film layer on a release agent applied surface of the releasable film and forming an abrasive particle layer on an upper surface of the resin film layer. Thereafter, the resin film having the abrasive particle layer formed thereon is removed from the releasable film, and the resin film having the abrasive particle layer formed thereon is cut into any suitable size. The abrasive sheet can provide higher polishing power during the polishing operation, but it polishes a surface while tracing or following any orange peel on the surface. Therefore, the abrasive sheet is effective for use as the polishing tool that can replace the fine compound buffing process currently utilized in the automobile repairing industry.

Abstract: The articles of the present invention comprise optical elements embedded in either a core having a binder layer which is embedded in a road-binder or optical elements which are directly embedded into a binder layer. The binder layer may be part of a preformed pavement marking tape or may be applied directly to a traffic-bearing surface. The binder layer is comprised of a black pigment. The pavement marking articles of the present invention comprise one or more first region(s) wherein the first region(s) has a daytime appearance of black and is retroreflective.In another embodiment of the present invention, the pavement marking articles further comprise one or more second region(s) having a color which contrasts with black during the daytime and which is typically also retroreflective. The second region(s) is adjacent to the first region(s).

Abstract: An antireflection film comprising a transparent substrate film, a hard coat layer formed on the transparent substrate film either directly or through other layer, and a low-refractive-index layer formed on the hard coat layer either directly or through other layer, wherein the low-refractive-index layer is a SiO.sub.2 gel layer formed by using a SiO.sub.2 sol prepared by hydrolyzing a silicon alkoxide represented by CH.sub.3 Si(OR).sub.3 wherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Abrasive articles and a method for the manufacture of the articles are described. The articles comprise a backing having a first major surface and a second major surface; a first resin layer comprising a first hardened resin, the first resin layer extending over the first major surface of the backing; abrasive particles adhered within the first resin layer; a second resin layer applied over the first resin layer, the second resin layer comprising a second hardened resin; and a lofty, three dimensional, nonwoven web of fibers bonded to one another at their mutual contact points and extending through the first and second resin layers. The dry coating weights of the first and second hardened resins are about 400 g/m.sup.2 or greater and preferably greater than about 600 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: Metal oxide nanorods and composite materials containing such nanorods. The metal oxide nanorods have diameters between 1 and 200 nm and aspect ratios between 5 and 2000.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a single "hold-out" coating layer including a colloidal copolymer applied by the paper machine on the press-applied barrier side of a paperboard substrate. Such structures of this type, generally, allow paper machine with only one coater on the barrier side to apply a sufficient coating for the desired hold-out.

Abstract: A photoresist layer supporting polyester film which is a biaxially oriented film formed from a polyester containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of porous silica particles that are agglomerates of primary particles having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.1 .mu.m and have an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 5 .mu.m and a pore volume of 0.5 to 2.0 ml/g, the number of the porous silica coarse particles having a major diameter of not smaller than 50 .mu.m being 10 or less per m.sup.2 ; and a photoresist film laminate comprising the above polyester film and a photoresist layer and a protective film, the photoresist layer and the protective film being laminated on one surface of the photoresist layer supporting polyester film. The above photoresist layer supporting polyester film is excellent in transparency and handling properties (slipperiness), and the above photoresist film laminate has excellent resolution and is almost free from circuit defect.

Abstract: In an adsorbing body for humidity and odorous gas exchange such as an adsorbing sheet for dehumidification, an adsorbing element for dehumidification or an adsorbing element for total heat energy exchange, a sheet or a honeycomb laminate is impregnated or coated with silica sol containing, as solid content, not more than 30% of the silica sol weight of minute silica particles not larger than 120 Å in diameter which contain many stable silanol radicals on the surface and 0.01-1% of alkali metal ion Na2O. It is then dried to rigidly fix silica gel. Other humidity adsorbing or absorbing agents such as zeolite, organic high-polymer electrolyte, etc. may be mixed in said silica sol. Silica gel with excellent humidity adsorbing ability can be strongly adhered to a sheet or a honeycomb laminate in an extremely simple method.