Abstract: An artificial palm tree having a planar base, a central support, an exterior covering and a separable crown. The central support of the artificial palm tree has one end flexibly affixed to the planar base. An exterior covering constructed around the central support is substantially greater in diameter than the central support and has the separable crown removably affixed to a free end of the central support.

Abstract: An artificial palm tree having a base, a frame fixedly attached to and extending upwardly from the base, the frame having an upper end; a helically wound metal strap having a leaf scar indicating edge, a multiplicity of heat fusion welds interconnecting the frame mounting edge of the helically wound metal strap and the frame; twelve rachis indicating shafts; a concentrically mounted cylinder slip sleeve and slip pin joint interconnecting the proximal ends of the rachis indicating shafts with the upper end of the frame; and a multiplicity of pinna indicating plates fixedly attached to the rachis indicating shafts.

Abstract: A method for making decorative grass having a three-dimensional pattern which constitutes at least a portion of the decor of the decorative grass. Printed designs or materials and/or embossed materials can also constitute a portion of the decor of the decorative grass. The method includes slitting a material having a three-dimensional pattern on at least a portion of at least one surface thereof and then cutting the slit material into segments of a predetermined length to provide the decorative grass having a three-dimensional pattern.

Abstract: A method for making decorative grass having a three-dimensional pattern which constitutes at least a portion of the decor of the decorative grass. Printed designs or materials and/or embossed materials can also constitute a portion of the decor of the decorative grass. The method includes slitting a material having a three-dimensional pattern on at least a portion of at least one surface thereof and then cutting the slit material into segments of a predetermined length to provide the decorative grass having a three-dimensional pattern.

Abstract: An apparatus that can be mounted to a quiver on a bow provides camouflage and cover for the bow and a shooter. The apparatus is a hollow shaft with a first end having a tapered tip, and a second opposite end. A plurality of holes is formed perpendicularly through the sidewall. The holes are confined to an area of the shaft body that is substantially three-fourths of the circumference of the sidewall. A plurality of artificial foliage bundles is attached to the shaft body by a basal wire stem that is mounted in a respective one of the holes.

Abstract: A synthetic turf comprises a backing with a plurality of pile filaments secured to the backing and extending upwardly therefrom and filled with particulate fill material. The pile filaments create a grass-like appearance for the playing surface. The fill material comprises a lower ballast layer of gravel residing on the backing and an upper layer of resilient particles above the lower layer. The lower layer of gravel provides weight and stability to hold down the synthetic turf without migrating to the surface. The upper layer provides cushioning and uniform resilience for the synthetic turf.

Abstract: The invention relates to an artificial turf with a backing and a large number of artificial grass blades which are fixed thereto, protrude substantially transversely thereof and are manufactured from plastic, and a fibrous, inherently damping material arranged between the artificial grass blades and connected to the backing or the blades. The fibrous, inherently damping material can herein be arranged in the form of a large number of blades which are connected to the backing and which likewise extend transversely of the backing, but less far than the artificial grass blades. The fibrous, inherently damping material can also take the form of a knit through which the artificial grass blades protrude and which can be formed integrally with the backing.

Abstract: A sports surface is disclosed with upstanding synthetic yarn tufts which simulate blades of grass. The blades are widely spaced and supported by an under layer of high denier, knit-deknit yarn tufts, without the need of particulate in-fill.

Abstract: A multi-colored rattan stick is made by marking a plurality of subsections along the length of the stick. A first subsection of the stick is dipped into a first color bath containing a coloring agent. After the first subsection has dried, second and subsequent subsections are sequentially dipped into respective color baths, and dried between each dipping. The various coloring agents can be different tones of the same color.

Abstract: Wrappers and sleeves for flower pots and floral groupings, ribbon material and decorative grasses formed from a material constructed of a layer of cloth alone or in combination with a sheet of paper, as well as methods for forming same, are disclosed herein. The material constructed of a layer of cloth alone or in combination with a sheet of paper may have a substantially undistorted pattern printed thereon.

Abstract: The invention is in the field of three-dimensional hollow novelty items and their manufacture, particularly items such as artificial pumpkins that the consumer desires to carve or alter after purchase. A carvable novelty article, such as an artificial Halloween pumpkin, comprises a polyurethane shell substantially surrounding an interior volume and having a thin coating, such as an acrylic elastomer, on the exterior surface of the shell. The carvable article can be formed by an inventive process in which polyurethane foam material, such as material having a nominal density of about 2.5-3.0 pounds per cubic foot, is sprayed from a nozzle rotating with respect to the inside of a mold. After the polyurethane foam article and the mold are separated, the article is coated with an elastomeric coating, such as an acrylic material that is applied as a liquid.

Abstract: A synthetic grass assembly for installation on a supporting soil substrate includes a pile fabric with a flexible sheet backing and rows of upstanding synthetic ribbons representing grass blades, extending upwardly from an upper surface of the backing. An infill layer of two distinct graded courses of particulate material is disposed interstitially between the upstanding ribbons upon the upper surface of the backing and of a depth less than the length of the ribbons. A bottom course of intermixed hard sand and resilient rubber granules with substantially identical particle size distribution characteristics is installed upon the backing and a top course exclusively of resilient rubber granules is placed upon the bottom course.

Abstract: An article for use in an aquatic environment comprises a translucent polymer material that is configured to reproduce a form of aquarium life. In embodiments of the invention, the translucent polymer material comprises a highly pliable polymer material capable of substantially retaining its shape, such as, but not limited to, thermoplastics, rubbers, silicones, and Plastigoop®. In further embodiments of the invention, the form of aquarium life that the translucent polymer material is configured to reproduce can be a sea anemone, a sea plant, a sea weed, live coral, a scallop, a clam, a sea cucumber, a sea apple, a nudibranch, or a jellyfish. In another aspect of the invention, a process for reproducing articles configured to reproduce aquarium life comprises processing an appropriate polymer material, and in other embodiments, further processing one or more additives, such as dyes, whereby an article reproducing one or more types of aquarium life is formed.

Abstract: The production of a display of dried and preserved flowers, plants and plant matter, bouquets, boutonniere, flower arrangements, mounted and displayed within a shadowbox to contain, surround, encompass and enclose the same, with or without the inclusion of any one or more of the following items or the like: photos, glassware, invitations, announcements, other printed matter, bows, lace, special, and sentimental mementoes within the display by the process comprising of a logical sequence of the following steps: recording the inventory of elements to be included in the display; gluing the outer most petals of said flowers to the sepal; drying the plant material by means of a dehydrating agent; gluing the petals in place; coloring the flowers as desired; providing a background on which to mount the floral display; mounting the floral display on the background; framing the display; and sealing the frame around the display.

Abstract: This allows for modular floating gardens that can be fabricated into forms chosen by the end user to be aesthetically pleasing even before planting has matured. Because composite floating gardens created from these modules can be large, their form can be pleasing from a distance. Because these are significant structures, they can be incorporated into a process to improve water quality.

Abstract: The tufted surface covering includes a base formed from particles of a thermosetting polymer compound mixed with a particle binding agent causing a portion of the particles to bind together to form a self supporting web. The base is tufted with a tufting material. Thermosetting vulcanized natural and/or synthetic rubber compounds are employed. The polymer layer is tufted with a tufting material and heated to a temperature of from about 110° C. to about 220° C. at an elevated pressure of up to two tons per square inch, to cause the particles to bind together at elevated temperature and pressure to anchor and seal the tufts in place. Cross-linking agents and polar polymer containing compounds may be employed as particle binding agents. In another aspect of the invention, a second layer of particles of a thermosetting polymer mixed with a particle binding agent may be joined together with the particles of the first layer at elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: An artificial turf field comprises a mat with artificial grass stitched to the mat and rubber granules combined with powdered latex or other suitable powdered binding agent activated by water. Mats with the artificial grass affixed are laid on an athletic field. Rubber granules mixed with a bonding agent and the coated rubber granules are poured over the mats and raked until a depth of ½ to ¾ inches is achieved. Water is then misted onto the surface activating the bonding agent. The first layer is allowed to set. The first level of infil material will be bound particle to particle, to the grass and to the mat by the agent, thus ensuring a stablized shock absorbency pad. Additionally, the stabilized layer eliminates substantial migration of loose infil material.

Abstract: Curled decorative grasses and methods for producing same are disclosed wherein the curled decorative grasses have improved bulk and simulate Spanish moss in color and appearance.

Abstract: A semi-finished wood simulating product and method is disclosed. The product is manufactured by providing a substrate having at least one surface to be finished. A liquid basecoat is applied on the substrate and dried. A wood grain pattern is deposited, in liquid form, on the basecoat. Some of the pattern is transferred from the originally deposited position on the basecoat to a subsequent position. The pattern is then cured. A polymerizable protective coating is applied onto the substrate overlying the basecoat and the pattern. The protective coating seals the substrate and is adapted for accepting a colorant to be applied by an end user. The protective coating is then polymerized. Additionally, if a porous substrate is provided, a sealer is applied prior to the liquid basecoat and is then cured.

Abstract: Decorative grasses having an appearance and/or texture simulating the appearance and/or texture of cloth are disclosed, as are methods for making such decorative grasses from materials wherein at least one surface of the material is modified to simulate the appearance and/or texture of cloth.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a decorative pine needle. It is characterized in that, a whole pine needle will consist of a cluster of elongated leaves that can be detached at the base, and each leaf can be used separately. Said whole pine needle will be primarily used for indoor decoration projects. Said detached leaves are used primarily in decorating underneath shrubs, flowers, around trees, in artistic landscaping designs, and used generally for mass production.

Abstract: An artificial turf that includes a first face yarn, a second face yarn, and a stitch-in yarn. The second face yarn is textured in some embodiments, for at least the reason of creating a zone such as a textured zone. A knot is formed by knitting the first face yarn, the second face yarn, and the stitch-in yarn together. A row of knots is also formed in this manner. A backing is formed when a lay-in yarn is extended between at least two rows of the knots and knitted to hold the at least two rows of knots together. A coating is coupled to the backing to prevent, among other things, detachment of the yarns after extended use of the artificial turf. An underlayment is positioned beneath the backing such that a stable base is provided for the artificial turf.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an optically marked surface. In the preferred embodiment, the optically marked surface (15) comprises a light source (16), a surface to be marked (18), optical material (19) capable of illumination by the light source, the optical material, the surface and the light source being so configured and arranged that illumination of the optical material is visible on the surface. The present invention also discloses turf comprising artificial or natural turf fibers and fiber optic filaments extending between the turf fibers. The present invention also provides a method of marking a surface comprising the steps of providing a light source, providing a surface to be marked, providing an optical material capable of illumination by the light source, configuring and arranging the optical material, the surface, and the light source such that illumination of the optical material is visible on the surface, and illuminating the optical material.

Abstract: A monolithic surfacing system is capable of being applied to almost any stable, compacted base which is capable of supporting the weight of the system. The system provides an economical solution to the cracking and degradation which is experienced with conventional artificial surfaces which are exposed to the elements or extended wear. The surfacing system includes a bottom layer comprised of a pile fabric having a flexible backing and a plurality of upstanding pile elements. Each of the pile elements has an upper and a lower end. The pile elements are in-filled with a quantity of in-fill material which is sufficient to form a layer of substantially uniform density extending from the flexible backing of the bottom layer to substantially the upper end of the pile elements. A quantity of binder is added to the system, and a top layer comprising a wear coating having an upper and a lower surface is applied to the in-fill material and binder.

Abstract: The present invention includes a safety system for airports and airfields. The present invention includes a method for installing an aesthetically pleasing artificial turf that retards birds and other animals and a sub-surface that supports the weight of an aircraft, enhances water drainage and enables the accessibility of airport vehicles to all parts of a runway or taxiway. The present invention also includes the sub-surface being adapted to slow the motion of a runway airplane. The present invention further includes a repelling artificial turf, which includes the artificial or synthetic fibers as well as stiff fibers or fibers otherwise uncomfortable for an animal or bird to land on, walk on or lay on.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a camouflage garment which utilizes multiple heights of three dimensional materials in strategic panels or points to provide a user with the full benefit of an all-inclusive three-dimensional camouflage fabric garment while still allowing a user friendly or low hindrance design that allows the user quietness, stealth and the like.

Abstract: An artificial grass turf comprises roll sections of artificial turf which have a primary backing fabric comprising synthetic grass ribbons extending outwards therefrom, and manufactured with one of a loop portion and a hook portion of a hook and loop fastening system integral with an underside of the primary backing fabric. An underlying roll section attachment means has a top surface including the other of the hook portion and loop portion of the hook and loop fastening system, for engagement with the underside of the primary backing fabric. This system eliminates the need for sewing synthetic turf roll sections together, or the need for the use of adhesives to fasten the field surface to the solid substrate, permitting easy installation of the artificial grass surface and simplified disassembly if required.

Abstract: Manufacturing variable and/or singular property products, such as a tubing, in a tip-and-die assembly, where intermittent acting material injectors are used. Two or more injectors take turns making material shots to maintain a continuous material stream. A singular flow controller regulates the flow for all material streams coming from the injectors.

Abstract: The present invention discloses folded corrugated materials for producing segments or strips for use as Easter grass, packing material and the like wherein the folded corrugated materials are formed of paper and polymeric film.

Abstract: An artificial flower and a frame structure fixing the bouquet's position, primarily comprises of a rounded tub-like frame, plate cover, fixed stick and the artificial flower. The stick of the artificial bouquet and the plate cover to be fastened together and rendered immovable; a hook on the plate cover is connected to the rounded hole of the tub-like frame. Then the holes on the bottom part of the depressed portion of the tub-like frame are connected into the hooks of the already fixed stick, forming an artificial potted plant.

Abstract: A method for making decorative grass having a three-dimensional pattern which constitutes at least a portion of the decor of the decorative grass. Printed designs or materials and/or embossed materials can also constitute a portion of the decor of the decorative grass. The method includes slitting a material having a three-dimensional pattern on at least a portion of at least one surface thereof and then cutting the slit material into segments of a predetermined length to provide the decorative grass having a three-dimensional pattern.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for greatly increasing the elasticity and bendability of diffuse-porous wood and comprises the following steps: a) supplying a specimen of diffuse-porous wood; and b) isostatically pressing the specimen in a) with a pressure of at least 500 bar. The rigidity is increased once again by immersing the wood specimen in a liquid for up to 2 hours, after which the specimen is dried. This can be utilized when producing shaped products made of diffuse-porous wood.

Abstract: A fabric having plant material adhered between layers of silk or hand-made paper. The silk or paper layers are translucent to allow the fabric to have the appearance of plant material. The fabric is manufactured by soaking dry plant material in water, pressing and drying the plant material to flatten it, adhering bottom and top layers of silk or paper to the plant material, and applying a stiffening agent to the fabric. Articles of various shapes may be formed by shaping the fabric into a predetermined shape prior to the step of applying the stiffening material.

Abstract: A synthetic grass sport surface (10) suited for use in a baseball field includes an infill layer (16) of particulate material evenly spread among rows of ribbons (14) extending upwardly from a backing mat (12). The infill layer (16) includes a top covering sub-layer (26) of non-marking material, such as recycled rubber used in the manufacture of soles for running shoes. A checkered pattern of alternating color tones is formed on the synthetic grass surface (16) for improving the natural appearance thereof. The synthetic grass surface also includes a synthetic grass warning track (34) having different tangible properties to alert a player stepping thereon that he is approaching an obstacle.

Abstract: A method for making decorative grass having a three-dimensional pattern which constitutes at least a portion of the decor of the decorative grass. Printed designs or materials and/or embossed materials can also constitute a portion of the decor of the decorative grass. The method includes slitting a material having a three-dimensional pattern on at least a portion of at least one surface thereof and then cutting the slit material into segments of a predetermined length to provide the decorative grass having a three-dimensional pattern.

Abstract: A bundle of a plurality of artificial flowers whose stalk portions are bundled, each artificial flower comprising (A) a stalk portion made of a metal wire, and (B) a decorative portion that has the form of a flower, a leaf or a fruit, is fixed to a top end portion of the stalk portion and is made of a glass or a resin, wherein the bundle has a resin layer partially covering a plurality of the stalk portions that are bundled.

Abstract: An artificial aquatic plant is displayed in a desired array juxtaposed with the inside surface of a wall of an aquarium by attaching one end of the plant to a retainer secured to a frame at the top of the aquarium and extending longitudinally along the wall, and by attaching the other end of the plant to an anchor buried in a bed of sand or gravel at the bottom of the aquarium. The artificial aquatic plant is constructed of synthetic resin materials and at least some components of the plant are fabricated of a synthetic resin material having insufficient buoyancy to support the plant in the desired array within the water contained in the aquarium. Support of the plant in the displayed array is accomplished by the attachment of the ends of the plant to the retainer and to the anchor.

Abstract: Low density composite particles made of a binder and filler material are provided for use in subterranean formations. The filler includes low density filler and optionally other filler. The binder includes a polymer and optionally cement. The particles may be employed as proppants useful to prop open subterranean formation fractures. The particles are also useful for gravel packing in subterranean formations, water filtration and artificial turf for sports fields. Methods of making the composite particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a base layer for a combined synthetic and natural turf comprising a fabric of which at least a part of the weft and/or warp threads is manufactured from a biodegradable material and/or is wholly absent so that the fabric contains apertures, and synthetic turf fibers which are least partially cowoven with the fabric and of which one or both ends form synthetic grass blades. These ends only protrude from the fabric at those locations where the non-degradable warp and weft threads intersect. The base layer is used in combined synthetic and natural turfs comprising a foundation, optionally a first layer of growth substrate and a base layer according to the invention which is provided with a second layer of growth substrate in which grass plants grow. The invention further relates to a method for laying a combined turf using the base layer of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention discloses folded corrugated material for producing segments or strips for use as Easter grass, packing material and the like or for use as flower pot covers, floral wrappings and ribbon materials.

Abstract: A synthetic grass surface comprising widely spaced rows of ribbons and the ribbons having a length about twice as long as the spacing between the rows of ribbons. A particulate material is laid on a matrix of the synthetic grass, and the thickness of the particulate material is as least two-thirds the length of the ribbons.

Abstract: A multilayer synthetic wood component comprised of a layer of a first synthetic wood composition that is secured to a layer of a second synthetic wood composition. As a result, the present invention may provide a component that utilizes the beneficial characteristics of each of the compositions. For instance, the component can have an improved combination of appearance, strength, durability, weight, weatherability, and other characteristics. Moreover, the present invention enables the ingredients of each layer to be tailored to the particular application. Consequently, certain ingredients can be conserved, thereby reducing the cost and/or the weight of the component.

Abstract: A bulb assembly connected with a decorative flower includes a bulb, a bulb holder, a cylindrical sleeve made of an elastic material, and a decorative flower having soft petals. The sleeve is inserted within the lower base of the flower to form a single structure. The sleeve also is sleeved onto tho bulb holder to form the elastic connection with the bulb holder. When a bulb assembly is broken, it can be replaced with a new one, while the use of the decorative flower with soft petals can be continued.

Abstract: A pattern for camouflage and a method for making the pattern. Rely on photographic images arranged in a synthetic perspective relationship, appearing to extend toward the horizon. The photographic images are images of landscape features in a selected environment. The pattern blends in with landscape features both in proximity to and distant from the camouflage pattern. In one embodiment, the pattern is adapted to be seamlessly repeatable across a surface. In one or two dimensions the method for making the camouflage includes taking photographs and selecting photographic images that represent the landscape features in the selected environment. The method also includes separating those images and arranging them into a repeating pattern. Photographic images are arranged in synthetic perspective which includes obscuring background images with foreground images in a manner that simulates the perspective in the selected environment.

Abstract: A synthetic grass surface comprising widely spaced rows of ribbons and the ribbons having a length about twice as long as the spacing between the rows of ribbons. A particulate material is laid on a matrix of the synthetic grass, and the thickness of the particulate material is as least two-thirds the length of the ribbons. The strips of ribbons are attached by strips of bonding material applied to the back of the matrix or mat. The strips of bonding material are spaced apart and leave areas of mat which are uncoated, thereby providing improved drainage.

Abstract: Curled decorative grasses and methods for producing same are disclosed wherein the curled decorative grasses have improved bulk and simulate Spanish moss in color and appearance.

Abstract: A fragrant artificial flower display has one or more artificial flowers extending out of the interior of a vessel and one or more fragrant gel-coated rods connected to the stems of the flowers by a clip. The clips support the rods above the bottom of the vessel so that they are closer to the open top of the vessel to better release fragrance into the surrounding air, even when the vessel is tall and the rods are short.

Abstract: The present invention is a unique design and technique of construction for an artificial tree. The tree is created from an engineered superstructure with a porous outer covering or skin. Artificial leaves are attached to the skin creating an artificial tree with no limbs or branches. An additional feature is a light source that can be incorporated inside the superstructure to illuminate the tree. The foliage is replaceable to allow for seasonal color changes.

Abstract: The present invention discloses folded corrugated material for producing segments or strips for use as Easter grass, packing material and the like or for use as flower pot covers, floral wrappings and ribbon materials.

Abstract: An article comprising wood can be preserved by applying to the wood an effective amount for the preservation of the wood of a polymeric phenol sulfide having a tri- or higher sulfide bridge therein, which can be a polymeric alkyl phenol sulfide, such as one containing an alkyl group containing from one to about four carbon atoms in the alkyl group contained therein of the following formula, where R is the alkyl group,: where R is alkyl, m is from 1 to 3, n ranges from about 2 to about 10, and x is 3 or higher.