Entirely Inorganic Patents (Class 428/552)
  • Patent number: 5492770
    Abstract: A diamond film is formed on a surface of a substrate. The diamond film is attached securely to the substrate by forming a first layer on the surface comprising a mixture of a main component of the substrate and a sintering reinforcement agent for diamond, then forming a second layer comprising a mixture of said agent and diamond on said first layer, and finally forming the diamond film on the second layer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 16, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 20, 1996
    Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
    Inventors: Motonobu Kawarada, Kazuaki Kurihara
  • Patent number: 5487952
    Abstract: There are sintered Bi.sub.2 Te.sub.3 -based thermoelectric materials containing Ag.sub.2 S, which prevent p- to n-type transition of Bi.sub.2 Te.sub.3 -based thermoelectric materials during polycrystalline sintering and have improved thermoelectric properties.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 30, 1996
    Inventors: Han-Ill Yoo, Tae Ho Park, Dae Suk Kang, Beoung Doo Yoo
  • Patent number: 5484662
    Abstract: A solid lubricant coating system for use with a metal interface subject to high temperatures and wet lubrication, comprising agglomerates of particles of (i) solid lubricant particles selected from the group consisting of graphite, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, lithium fluoride, NaF, WS.sub.2, and calcium fluoride; and (ii) steel particles fused together and bounding said solid lubricant particles at least at certain intersections, certain portions of said steel particles being air-hardened to a high hardness upon exposure of the coating to the interface at high temperatures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 6, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 16, 1996
    Assignee: Ford Motor Company
    Inventor: V. Durga N. Rao
  • Patent number: 5482530
    Abstract: The invention relates to cobalt metal powders as a binder metal for the production of diamond and/or hard-metal tools and/or wear-resistant coatings and to composite sintered articles produced therefrom.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 2, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 9, 1996
    Assignee: H,C. Starck GmbH & Co. KG
    Inventor: Matthias Hohne
  • Patent number: 5472793
    Abstract: A composite spray coating comprises an iron base material, a spray coating film applied thereon and a diffusion layer of aluminum or aluminum-zinc alloy, and is used for hot-dip galvanization.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 5, 1995
    Assignee: Tocalo Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Yoshio Harada, Kazumi Tani, Yoshihumi Kobayashi
  • Patent number: 5472487
    Abstract: Molybdenum disilicide base materials and methods for producing them are described. Mixtures of MoSi.sub.2 powder and other powders including SiO.sub.2, Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, SiC and Mo.sub.5 Si.sub.3 are plasma sprayed. Another embodiment which involves oxidation of MoSi.sub.2 is also disclosed. The resistant materials have particular utility as coatings for Nb alloys.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 18, 1991
    Date of Patent: December 5, 1995
    Assignee: United Technologies Corporation
    Inventors: Stephen Chin, Norman S. Bornstein
  • Patent number: 5468566
    Abstract: An article and method of manufacture of (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor. The superconductor is manufactured by preparing a first powdered mixture of bismuth oxide, lead oxide, strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate and copper oxide. A second powdered mixture is then prepared of strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate and copper oxide. The mixtures are calcined separately with the two mixtures then combined. The resulting combined mixture is then subjected to a powder in tube deformation and thermal processing to produce a substantially phase pure (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 13, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 21, 1995
    Assignee: University of Chicago
    Inventors: Stephen E. Dorris, Roger B. Poeppel, Barton C. Prorok, Michael T. Lanagan, Victor A. Maroni
  • Patent number: 5468565
    Abstract: An oxidation resistant carbon material including a composite material is provided. The composite material is obtained by impregnating a carbon material with a boron oxide and/or a hydrate compound thereof, and baking such carbon material under pressure by inert gas at a temperature of not lower than 1500.degree. C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 7, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 21, 1995
    Assignee: Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Osamu Okada, Hiroaki Ogura, Toshiaki Sogabe
  • Patent number: 5462808
    Abstract: A high-rigidity composite material having a Young's modulus larger than 25,000 kgf/mm.sup.2 is disclosed, in which particles are dispersed in a matrix of a ferritic steel, and the degree of accumulation of {111} planes in a plane perpendicular to a given direction, in terms of X-ray diffraction intensity, is 30 times larger than that of equiaxial polycrystals.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 2, 1994
    Date of Patent: October 31, 1995
    Assignee: Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Kazutaka Asabe, Masaru Nishiguchi, Sukeyoshi Yamamoto
  • Patent number: 5460893
    Abstract: A TiCN-based cermet cutting insert superior in toughness with improved wear resistance includes a binding phase and at least two of four hard dispersion phases. One of the two hard dispersion phases includes at least one of a duplex or triplex phase structure with a core of a composite carbonitride solid solution and a single-phase structure of a composite carbonitride solid solution. The other hard dispersion phase includes one of a hard dispersion phase of titanium carbonitride and a hard dispersion phase which includes a single-phase structure of titanium carbonitride.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 8, 1994
    Date of Patent: October 24, 1995
    Assignee: Mitsubishi Materials Corporation
    Inventors: Kiyohiro Teruuchi, Katsuhiko Yano, Niro Odani
  • Patent number: 5451470
    Abstract: An impervious corrosion resistance nickel-chromium coating on a metallic substrate, such as an iron-containing alloy substrate that protects the substrate from a corrosive media and the process for producing the coating on the substrate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 1994
    Date of Patent: September 19, 1995
    Assignee: Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc.
    Inventors: Adil A. Ashary, Robert C. Tucker, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5449562
    Abstract: A surface coating (6) on martensitic steel for portions that rub by rotation is characterized in that it comprises a matrix (9) of NiMo in which grains of Cr.sub.3 C.sub.2 are embedded, 90% of which by weight are constituted by grains (8) in the range 10 .mu.m to 30 .mu.m. The coating has a low coefficient of friction and good adhesion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 8, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 12, 1995
    Assignee: GEC Alsthom Electromecanique SA
    Inventor: Andre Coulon
  • Patent number: 5447800
    Abstract: A martensitic hot work tool steel die block for use in the manufacture of die casting die components and other hot work tooling components and a method for manufacturing the same. The article has a hardness within the range of 35 to 50 HRC and a minimum transverse Charpy V-notch impact toughness of 5 foot pounds when heat treated to a hardness of 44 to 46 HRC and when tested at both 72.degree. F. and 600.degree. F. The article is a hot worked, heat treated and fully dense consolidated mass of prealloyed particles of the composition, in weight percent, 0.32 to 0.45 carbon, 0.20 to 2.00 manganese, 0.05 to 0.30 sulfur, up to 0.03 phosphorous, 0.80 to 1.20 silicon, 4.75 to 5.70 chromium, 1.10 to 1.75 molybdenum, 0.80 to 1.20 vanadium, and balance iron. The alloy may be any conventional wrought AISI hot work tool steel or wrought maraging or precipitation-hardening steel having 0.05 to 0.30 percent sulfur, and having sulfide particles which exhibit a maximum size of 50 microns in their longest dimension.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 5, 1995
    Assignee: Crucible Materials Corporation
    Inventors: Carl J. Dorsch, Kenneth E. Pinnow, William Stasko
  • Patent number: 5445895
    Abstract: A powder-metallaurgically produced material or extruded semi-finished product for electric contacts of silver or a silver-based metal material with 0.5 to 10 wt. % carbon and 0 to 2 wt. % of an additional metal. The material contains powdered carbon in combination with carbon fibers in the mass ratio of 10:1 to 1:10, whereby the diameter of the powder particles is on average smaller than half the length of the fibers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 14, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 29, 1995
    Assignee: Doduco GmbH & Co. Dr. Eugen Durrwachter
    Inventors: Volker Behrens, Carl L. Meyer, Karl Saeger, Thomas Honig, Roland Michal
  • Patent number: 5443916
    Abstract: A method for impregnating a metal product with a hard wear-resistant surface area comprises providing a wear-resistant layer in the form of a sintered sheet having at least one "pin" integrally attached onto a surface of the sheet. This wear-resistant layer is attached onto the sand core and a metal melt is cast so as to produce the final product. This method can be used to produce a variety of metal products although cast iron, and in particular, ductile iron are preferred. Moreover, this process can effectively employ any of the hard phases which can be sintered, e.g., tungsten carbide, chromium carbide, and the like. Preferably, both the sheet and the "pins" are made from the same mixture of a wear-resistant material, an organic binder, and at least one plasticizer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 22, 1995
    Assignee: Deere & Company
    Inventor: Gopal S. Revankar
  • Patent number: 5441554
    Abstract: A blended flame spray powder composition is provided for use in producing a bonded wear resistant coating on an aluminum bronze substrate such as a glass mold part. The blended composition comprises a copper-base alloy mixed with a nickel-base alloy, the copper-base alloy powder comprising by weight about 5% to 15% aluminum, about 5% to 30% nickel, 0 to about 1% iron, about 0.1 to 1% silicon and the balance essentially copper. The nickel-base alloy powder comprises by weight 0 to about 0.5% carbon, 0 to about 1% manganese, 0 to about 21.5% chromium, 0 to about 7.5% iron, 0 to about 3.75% columbium, about 0.5% to 3% silicon, 0 to about 9% molybdenum, 0 to about 2% boron, 0 to about 2.5% phosphorus and the balance essentially nickel. The blending ratio of one powder to the other is such that a bonded coating produced therefrom on an aluminum bronze substrate, such as a glass mold part, contains at least about 9% copper and at least about 1.25% aluminum.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 2, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 15, 1995
    Assignee: Eutectic Corporation
    Inventors: Eduardo Romero, Richard J. DuMola
  • Patent number: 5441817
    Abstract: There is provided a method for making diamond and CBN composites, under HP/HT conditions, which comprises bonding a thin refractory material layer on the planar face of the tungsten carbide substrate proximate the diamond or CBN layer. There is also provided a small quantity of fine particles of yet another refractory material admixed in the diamond or CBN layer. The cooperation of these two systems greatly aid in regulating the flow of molten carbide bond metal from the substrate into the diamond or CBN layer, which minimizes abnormal grain growth and bond metal depletion at the diamond/substrate interface.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 29, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 15, 1995
    Assignee: Smith International, Inc.
    Inventor: Ghanshyam Rai
  • Patent number: 5426000
    Abstract: Fiber-reinforced titanium alloy and intermetallic matrix composites having improved stability and tensile strength properties at elevated temperatures. The base reinforced fibers are pre-coated with a tailorable tri-layer coating, such as Ti--TiN--Ti. Preferably the TiN layer is graded so as to have metal-rich outer surfaces, such as titanium-rich TiN, providing excellent bonding affinity for the base titanium layer, bonded to the surface of the fibers, such as silicon carbide, and for the outer titanium layer, bonded to the titanium aluminum matrix, and a compound core, such as stoichiometric TiN, providing a stable interfacial barrier against chemical reactions, whereby the tensile strength and resistance to cracking of the composite is preserved even at elevated temperatures of 900.degree. C. or higher.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 5, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 20, 1995
    Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.
    Inventors: Mohamed E. Labib, Bawa Singh
  • Patent number: 5422190
    Abstract: The present invention provides a new and useful via fill paste for use in the construction of electronic circuit devices. The unique via fill paste is capable of electrically connecting conductive layers made of dissimilar metals such as gold and silver. The via fill paste includes gold, silver, palladium and a refractory oxide. The refractory oxide comprises one or more metals selected from the group consisting of zirconium, yttrium, niobium, tantalum, lanthanum, thorium, hafnium, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 22, 1993
    Date of Patent: June 6, 1995
    Assignee: Ferro Corporation
    Inventor: John H. Alexander
  • Patent number: 5422188
    Abstract: A metallic coating on a part made from a ceramic composite is obtained from a powder obtained by mixing two powders: namely,a base powder A comprising 2 to 5% of a reactive element Ti or Zr, at least one melting element B or Si in proportions ensuring a liquidus temperature between 1000.degree. C. and 1300.degree. C. and additional metallic elements including at least 50% Ni or Ni+Co;a powder B in a weight ratio of 5 to 30%, the elements of which are chosen to impart to the part particularly desired surface properties such as anti-wear, anti-oxidation and/or anti-corrosion, and to ensure a liquidus temperature of powder B greater than that of powder A.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 1, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 6, 1995
    Assignee: Societe Nationale d'Etude et de Construction de Moteurs d'Aviation "S.N.E.C.M.A."
    Inventors: Georges L. Lagain, Bernard P. C. Sohier, Danilo Varela
  • Patent number: 5418072
    Abstract: A consumable brazing encapsulate is used for joining aluminum to metal surfaces, e.g. aluminum, copper, brass or steel surfaces, by brazing. The encapsulate comprises a mixture of particles of an eutectic forming metal selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, copper and zinc and particles of a brazing flux encapsulated in a layer or layers of aluminum or its alloys, said eutectic forming metal and flux being present in the following parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total aluminum in the encapsulate: (a) 7 to 15 parts of silicon and 7 to 45 parts of flux; (b) 25 to 120 parts of germanium and 100 to 250 parts of flux; (c) 40 to 70 parts of copper and 20 to 100 parts of flux; (d) 1300 to 2400 parts of zinc and 1000 to 2000 parts of flux; such that when the encapsulate is placed between aluminum surfaces to be joined and is heated, the eutectic forming metal and the encapsulating aluminum are totally converted in situ into an eutectic filler metal for joining the aluminum surfaces.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 20, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 23, 1995
    Assignee: Alcan International Limited
    Inventors: Antonio Baldantoni, Roland S. Timsit
  • Patent number: 5418071
    Abstract: In the present invention, metal silicide grains form an interlinked structure of a metal silicide phase, and Si grains which form a Si phase are discontinuously dispersed between the metal silicide phase to provide a sputtering target having a high density two-phased structure and having an aluminum content of 1 ppm or less. Because of the high density and high strength of the target, the generation of particles from the target during sputtering is reduced, and due to the reduced carbon content of the target, the mixing of carbon into the thin film during sputtering can be prevented.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 4, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 23, 1995
    Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
    Inventors: Michio Satou, Takashi Yamanobe, Takashi Ishigami, Mituo Kawai, Noriaki Yagi, Toshihiro Maki, Minoru Obata, Shigeru Ando
  • Patent number: 5418063
    Abstract: Carbon-Carbon composite products comprising laminate plies formed from the carbon fabric having pitch-based carbon strands of relatively high modulus of elasticity in the warp direction. The fill direction carbon strands have a relatively low modulus of elasticity when compared to the warp direction strands and have a substantially lower end count than the higher modulus warp direction strands. A carbonaceous matrix is integrated with the fabric plies in order to bond the plies together. The matrix material may be glassy carbon or more preferably a crystalline graphitized carbon. In forming such carbon-carbon composite products, a layup is established of a plurality of the carbon fabric plies impregnated with a carbon containing matrix material, typically a thermoset resin. The layup is cured or partially cured and then pyrolized to a temperature sufficient to carbonize the matrix material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 18, 1989
    Date of Patent: May 23, 1995
    Assignee: Loral Vought Systems Corporation
    Inventor: Roy E. Booth
  • Patent number: 5413871
    Abstract: An article of manufacture has as its basic structure a piece of a titanium aluminide, such as gamma (TiAl) or alpha-2 (Ti3Al), desirably in the shape of an aircraft gas turbine component. A thermal barrier coating system overlies at least a portion of the surface of the piece of titanium aluminide. The thermal barrier coating system includes a metallic bond coat layer, preferably in the form of a layer of a nickel-based alloy no more than about 0.005 inches thick, that contacts the piece of titanium aluminide, and a ceramic thermal barrier coating layer, preferably a stabilized zirconia such as yttria-stabilized zirconia, overlying the bond coat.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 25, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 9, 1995
    Assignee: General Electric Company
    Inventors: Warren A. Nelson, Jon C. Schaeffer, Srinivasan Raghuraman
  • Patent number: 5411571
    Abstract: Disclosed are a hard sintered alloy having fine pores which comprises a sintered alloy comprising 2 to 30% by volume of a dispersed phase of at least one of oxide, carbide and sulfide of Ca, Sr or Ba and mutual solid solutions of these, and the balance of a binder phase comprising at least one metal of Co, Ni and Fe or an alloy containing said metal as a main component and a hard phase of at least one of carbide, nitride and boride of the 4a (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5a (V, Nb, Ta) or 6a (Cr, Mo, W) group metal of the periodic table and mutual solid solutions of these, with a volume ratio of said binder phase to said hard phase being 2:98 to 95:5, wherein fine pores are formed by removing said dispersed phase from a surface portion of said sintered alloy, and a process for preparing the same.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 19, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 2, 1995
    Assignee: Toshiba Tungaloy Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Masaki Kobayashi, Tatuya Sato
  • Patent number: 5403669
    Abstract: An article coated with a thermal barrier coating system for high temperature use, has its thermal cyclic spallation life improved by the application of an aluminide to the outer portion of a bonding coating disposed on a substrate. The bond coating has a surface roughness in the range of about 200-600 microinches Ra prior to application of covering thermal barrier coating.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 4, 1995
    Assignee: General Electric Company
    Inventors: Bhupendra K. Gupta, Jim D. Reeves, Bangalore A. Nagaraj
  • Patent number: 5397649
    Abstract: A metallic regenerator seal is provided having multi-layer coating comprising a NiCrAlY bond layer, a yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) intermediate layer, and a ceramic high temperature solid lubricant surface layer comprising zinc oxide, calcium fluoride, and tin oxide. Because of the YSZ intermediate layer, the coating is thermodynamically stable and resists swelling at high temperatures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 26, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 14, 1995
    Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.
    Inventors: James L. Schienle, Thomas E. Strangman
  • Patent number: 5397650
    Abstract: A composite spray coating comprises an iron base material, a spray coating film applied thereon and a diffusion layer of aluminum or aluminum-zinc alloy, and is used for hot-dip galvanization.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 7, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 14, 1995
    Assignee: Tocalo Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Yoshio Harada, Kazumi Tani, Yoshihumi Kobayashi
  • Patent number: 5395700
    Abstract: In this invention, a cutting tool comprises two layers of hard sintered compact of cBN. The first sintered compact layer comprises about 75-98% by volume of cBN and a first binder material. The first binder material comprises from about 1 to out 40% by weight of Al. The second sintered compact layer comprises from about 40 to about 65% by volume of cBN and a second binder material. The second binder material comprises about 2 to about 30% by weight of Al. The first sintered compact layer is bonded to the second sintered compact layer. This composite material is bonded directly or indirectly to a tool holder to form a cutting tool. The first sintered compact layer constitutes a rake face of the cutting tool.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 25, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 7, 1995
    Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Tetsuo Nakai, Mitsuhiro Goto
  • Patent number: 5389450
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to mechanisms for preventing undesirable oxidation (i.e., oxidation protection mechanisms) of reinforcement materials in composite bodies. The oxidation protection mechanisms include getterer materials which are added to the composite body which gather or scavenge undesirable oxidants which may enter the composite body. The getterer materials may be placed into at least a portion of the matrix such that any desirable oxidant approaching, for example, a fiber reinforcement, would be scavenged by (e.g., reacted with) the getterer. Ceramic filler materials which serve as reinforcements may have a plurality of super-imposed coatings thereon, at least one of which coatings may function as a getterer. The coated materials may be useful as reinforcing materials in ceramic matrix composites to provide improved mechanical properties such as fracture toughness.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 11, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 14, 1995
    Assignee: Lanxide Technology Company, LP
    Inventors: Christopher R. Kennedy, Birol Sonuparlak, Ali S. Fareed, John E. Garnier, Gerhard H. Schiroky
  • Patent number: 5384201
    Abstract: A carrier material for a tool for treating surfaces is composed of a metal alloy with a homogeneous, fine-grained structure. The carrier material is treated in a material removing manner to obtain a predetermined size and a roughness. Then an activating layer, a pure metal layer and a transition layer composed for example from nitrogen are applied, so that the outermost region of the tool contains a non-metallic hard layer. The non-metallic hard layer has a high hardness and elasticity so that the tool is suitable especially for treating surfaces of structural parts.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 24, 1995
    Assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
    Inventors: Ludwig Finkbeiner, Manfred Wilhelm
  • Patent number: 5384200
    Abstract: A thermal barrier coating and method of depositing the same on the surfaces of combustion chamber components in compression-ignition internal combustion engines is disclosed. The thermal barrier coating is a dual layer having a first metallic layer comprised of MCrAlY material deposited on the component surface. A porous ceramic layer comprised of Yttria partially stabilized zirconia or Ceria-Yttria partially stabilized zirconia is deposited on the metallic layer to impede the flow of heat therethrough. In operation, the metallic layer creates a mechanical bond between the component surface and the ceramic layer, allows for a smooth transition between the differing physical properties of the component and the ceramic layer and serves as a corrosion barrier by protecting the component from combustion gases and contaminants.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 24, 1995
    Assignee: Detroit Diesel Corporation
    Inventors: David C. Giles, Roger E. Begin, David R. Dugger, Eric W. Paskvan
  • Patent number: 5370944
    Abstract: This invention relates to a diamond-coated hard material and a process for the production of the same. The feature of the diamond-coated hard material consists in that in a diamond-coated hard material comprising a substrate of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide having a diamond-coated layer provided on the surface of the substrate, a surface-modified layer containing no binder phase or containing a binder phase in a proportion of less than in the interior part of the substrate is present on the outermost surface of the substrate. This hard material can be produced by converting the substrate material into a sintered or heat treated surface or skin and then coating with diamond. The diamond-coated hard material of the present invention has such a high wear resistance and excellent bonding strength to the substrate that it can favorably be applied to various tools, parts, grinding wheels, etc.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 6, 1994
    Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Naoya Omori, Mitsunori Kobayashi, Toshio Nomura
  • Patent number: 5368947
    Abstract: An article having a slip-resistant surface and method of producing the same includes metallurgically bonding raised bead-like configurations of a compatible material at select locations on the article surface. The method includes injecting, substantially simultaneously with projecting a high power radiant energy beam, powder particles into a portion of the beam lying a distance away from the point of impingement on the surface portion of the article. The particles interact with the beam for a time period sufficient to cause at least partial melting of a substantial number of particles which are then transported to a selected point on the surface portion. The partially melted particles, along with completely and/or any substantially unmelted particles, are allowed to bond with the surface material thereby forming a raised configuration thereon. The process is repeated for forming another raised configuration at another selected location on the surface portion for thereby forming a slip-resistant article.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 12, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 29, 1994
    Assignee: The Penn State Research Foundation
    Inventor: Paul E. Denney
  • Patent number: 5360674
    Abstract: A permanent magnet formed by a permanent magnet alloy of R--T--B system chiefly comprising a transition metal T, a rare earth element R including yttrium and boron B, and coated with a protective plating layer of Ni or an Ni alloy, wherein said protective plating layer is 30 .mu.m or less in thickness, and the inter-cell pitch in the surface of said protective plating layer is 14 .mu.m or more.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 16, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 1, 1994
    Assignee: Hitachi Metals, Ltd.
    Inventors: Hideki Kawai, Katsuhiko Kojo, Kiyoshi Eguchi, Yoshiko Ogawa
  • Patent number: 5358793
    Abstract: A PTC device has two electrodes affixed to opposed surfaces. The electrodes consist of a metal foil having a conductive layer on their surfaces that contact the PTC material. The conductive layer has a thermal coefficient of expansion intermediate between the thermal coefficients of expansion of the metal foil and the PTC material. The intermediate value of the thermal coefficient of expansion of the conductive layer prevents peeling of the electrodes off the PTC element due to the variation of the temperature of the PTC device resulting from repeated voltage applications. In addition, improved adhesion of the electrodes to the PTC material reduces resistance changes after repeated temperature cycling.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 7, 1992
    Date of Patent: October 25, 1994
    Assignee: Daito Communication Apparatus Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Toshiyuki Hanada, Mayumi Takata, Naoki Yamazaki, Isao Morooka, Kazuhiko Harazaki
  • Patent number: 5356721
    Abstract: It is the object of the invention to reduce the propagation of noises, in particular shifting noises, in mechanical transmissions. The invention consists in the use of a sintered shaped part formed in an individualized configuration as a noise-damped component, and in particular a gearwheel for a transmission. In the novel configuration, an axially symmetrical sintered shaped part has individual, approximately annular zones of material, for example, an inner rim zone close to the axis and an outer rim zone remote from the axis, the inner and outer rim zones having a high strength and being largely free from voids and a central region being highly porous and comparatively ductile.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 29, 1993
    Date of Patent: October 18, 1994
    Assignee: Sinterstahl Gesellschaft m.b.H.
    Inventor: Walter Knoess
  • Patent number: 5354351
    Abstract: An article comprises a Cr-bearing, predominantly gamma titanium aluminide matrix including second phase dispersoids, such as TiB.sub.2, in an amount effective to increase both the strength and the ductility of the matrix.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 18, 1991
    Date of Patent: October 11, 1994
    Assignees: Howmet Corporation, Martin Marietta Corporation
    Inventors: Stephen L. Kampe, Leontios Christodoulou, Donald E. Larsen, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5352538
    Abstract: A surface hardened aluminum part having excellent heat resistance and abrasion resistance obtained by forming, on the surface of an aluminum base material, an alloy layer that has a uniform composition and uniform hardness, being free from cracks. An aluminum alloy powder made of aluminum and metals each of which forms an intermetallic compound of high hardness with aluminum is prepared. This aluminum alloy powder is supplied onto the aluminum base material and the aluminum or aluminum alloy contained in the aluminum base material is alloyed with the aluminum alloy powder using a high-density energy heat source to form an alloy layer. The alloy layer thus formed has an intermetallic compound of high hardness uniformly distributed throughout the layer so that the hardness of the alloy layer is uniform and cracking is unlikely to occur.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 31, 1992
    Date of Patent: October 4, 1994
    Assignee: Komatsu Ltd.
    Inventors: Toshihide Takeda, Kaoru Adachi
  • Patent number: 5348808
    Abstract: In a hard sintered cutting tool, the tool life can be further increased. In this hard sintered body cutting tool, a rake face of an edge portion is formed by a major surface of a first sintered body layer containing at least 80 percent by volume and less than 98 percent by volume of diamond, while a flank of the edge portion is formed by a second sintered body layer containing at least 30 percent by volume and less than 75 percent by volume of cubic boron nitride (CBN). The first sintered body layer is formed to have a thickness of at least 0.02 mm and less than 0.1 mm, and to be in a thickness ratio of at least 1:5 to the second sintered body layer. Thus, chipping resistance of the rake face is improved by the first sintered body layer, while wear resistance of the flank is improved by the second sintered body layer. As a result, it is possible to suppress progress of local wear and chipping, whereby the life of the cutting tool is increased as compared with the prior art.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 25, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 20, 1994
    Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Mitsuhiro Goto, Tetsuo Nakai
  • Patent number: 5348806
    Abstract: A cermet alloy having a structure comprising a hard phase and a bonding phase, said hard phase comprising (1) at least one of MC, MN, and MCN, wherein M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, and W (2) at least one compound selected from (M,Mo)(B,C), M,Mo)(B,N) and (M,Mo)(B,CN) and (3) at least one Mo--Co--B compound; said bonding phase comprising Co. The cermet alloy has superior toughness and hardness, and can be worked by conventional sintering methods. The invention also includes a method for producing the cermet alloy.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 18, 1992
    Date of Patent: September 20, 1994
    Assignee: Hitachi Metals, Ltd.
    Inventors: Katsuhiko Kojo, Akibumi Negishi, Masayuki Gonda
  • Patent number: 5340657
    Abstract: This invention relates to pillared micas, which comprise an active metal selected from the group consisting of Pt, Cr, Pd, It, Rh and mixtures thereof, and a first modifier metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ga and mixtures thereof. The mica may also be modified with a second modifier metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or rare earth metals and mixtures thereof. This invention further relates to a process for preparing such a catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 26, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 23, 1994
    Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Company
    Inventors: Michael C. Kerby, Kenneth L. Riley, Fred M. Long, Jack W. Johnson, John F. Brody
  • Patent number: 5336292
    Abstract: A sintered body of titanium-based carbonitride alloy according to the invention comprises carbonitride hard constituents in 5-25% binder phase where the hard constituents contain, in addition to Ti, one or more of the metals Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and/or W and the binder phase is based on cobalt and/or nickel. The sintered body has at least one outer surface with a <50 .mu.m thick surface layer of a titanium-rich cubic carbonitride. Below this layer there is a <100 .mu.m thick binder phase enrichment zone. The binder phase content can be >1.2 of that in the inner part of the body D. Under the binder phase enrichment zone, there is a <250 .mu.m thick binder phase depleted zone C. The binder phase content in this zone has a lowest level <0.9 of the binder phase content in the inner part of the body D.Such sintered bodies are manufactured by heat treatment in an atmosphere of N.sub.2 and/or NH.sub.3 possibly in combination with at least one of CH.sub.4, CO and CO.sub.2 at 1100.degree.-1350.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 15, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 9, 1994
    Assignee: Sandvik AB
    Inventors: Gerold Weinl, Marian Mikus
  • Patent number: 5334460
    Abstract: A Cu-Pb system composite bearing has three layers including a backing metal, a bearing alloy layer formed on the backing metal, and an overlay formed on the bearing alloy layer. The Cu-Pb bearing alloy contains 2 to 10% Ni and 0.05 to 1.0% B. An example of the composition of the Cu-Pb system bearing alloy consists of 0.5 to 8% Sn, 15 to 30% Pb, 0.2% or less P, 2 to 10% Ni, 0.05 to 1.0% B and the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurities. The Cu-Pb bearing alloy must have a hardness over HV80. Ni and B contained in the bearing alloy decrease the affinity of the Cu-Pb bearing alloy for tin in the overlay of a tin-containing lead alloy. The corrosion resistance of the bearing is improved by plating the both surfaces of the composite bearing with Sn, Pb or an alloy thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 2, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 2, 1994
    Assignee: Daido Metal Company
    Inventors: Tadashi Tanaka, Masaaki Sakamoto, Koichi Yamamoto, Kenji Sakai
  • Patent number: 5334459
    Abstract: There is now provided a tool for chipforming machining of metals and similar materials comprising a high speed steel core and a cover of more wear resistant material than the core. If the material in the core has a carbon content 0.05-0.25% lower than the conventional carbon content for the high speed steel in question, improved properties can be obtained.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 16, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 2, 1994
    Assignee: Sandvik AB
    Inventors: Rolf G. Oskarsson, Mats O. Lundstrom
  • Patent number: 5330849
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to mechanisms for preventing undesirable oxidation (i.e., oxidation protection mechanisms) of reinforcement materials in composite bodies. The oxidation protection mechanisms include getterer materials which are added to the composite body which gather or scavenge undesirable oxidants which may enter the composite body. The getterer materials may be placed into at least a portion of the matrix such that any desirable oxidant approaching, for example, a fiber reinforcement, would be scavenged by (e.g., reacted with) the getterer. Ceramic filler materials which serve as reinforcements may have a plurality of super-imposed coatings thereon, at least one of which coatings may function as a getterer. The coated materials may be useful as reinforcing materials in ceramic matrix composites to provide improved mechanical properties such as fracture toughness.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 2, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 19, 1994
    Assignee: Lanxide Technology Company, LP
    Inventors: Christopher R. Kennedy, Birol Sonuparlak, Ali S. Fareed, John E. Garnier, Gerhard H. Schiroky
  • Patent number: 5328763
    Abstract: A spray powder for thermal spraying onto a substrate to provide a hardfacing, and a part with such hardfacing on the surface thereof, that is corrosion-resistant and abrasion-resistant. The spray powder comprises between about 75 to about 90 weight percent of tungsten carbide. The powder further comprises between about 10 and 25 weight percent of a nickel-based alloy, which includes Mo, and optionally, includes one or more of Fe, C, Cr, Mn, Co, Si and W.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 3, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 12, 1994
    Assignee: Kennametal Inc.
    Inventor: Charles J. Terry
  • Patent number: 5326646
    Abstract: A synchronizer ring comprises a ring body having a sliding portion, and a directly spray-coated wear-resistant film formed on a surface of the sliding portion. The film is made of a wear-resistant brass alloy which comprises Cu, Zn and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, Si, Co, Cr, Ti, Nb, V, Zr and Mo. The spray-coated film exhibits good wear resistance and good bonding strength.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 4, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 5, 1994
    Assignee: Chuetsu Metal Works Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Kunio Nakashima, Masao Hosoda, Wataru Yago, Kazuyuki Inagaki
  • Patent number: 5326645
    Abstract: An impervious corrosion resistance nickel-chromium coating on a metallic substrate, such as an iron-containing alloy substrate that protects the substrate from a corrosive media and the process for producing the coating on the substrate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 6, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 5, 1994
    Assignee: Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc.
    Inventors: Adil A. Ashary, Robert C. Tucker, Jr.
  • Patent number: H1448
    Abstract: A high precision transfer lamination plate/mandrel is fabricated in a sanch construction design wherein an inner core is constructed of a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) comprised of an iron-nickel alloy core member (e.g., Kovar or Invar) with stainless steel cladding on each side of the core member. The stainless steel is selected from AISI type 302, 304, or 316. The stainless steel cladding outer surface of the top and bottom plate to which an electroplated copper foil circuitry is applied must be free of pits, scratches, and defects so as to yield a continuous circuitry satisfactory for military electronics. A matched (CTE) of the transfer lamination plate/mandrel with a composite material to which the electronic circuitry is transferred results in adherence of the copper circuitry minimally to the plate/mandrel to avoid blistering and enables the transfer to be achieved without distortion of circuitry features due to CTE mismatch.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 6, 1995
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army
    Inventor: Herbert S. Goode, Jr.