Abstract: Systems and methods for obtaining fast, spin-polarized electrons from an edge or tip or cusp of a target material, e.g., a sharp GaAs crystal edge or tip, or a cusp, which naturally incorporates optical reversibility. A source of fast spin-polarized electrons may include a target material including a sharp tip or tip portion or a sharp edge or a cusp, the tip or tip portion including at least two intersecting edges, and a pulsed light source configured to emit one or more light pulses focused on the sharp tip or tip portion or the sharp edge or the cusp to thereby induce emission of spin-polarized electrons from the sharp tip or tip portion or the sharp edge or the cusp of the target material.

Abstract: A vehicle spring for a spring system, includes a spring body (20) and is produced, in particular rolled, from a profiled bar (1) made of a flat steel bar, in particular spring steel, in a hot deformation process. The profiled bar (1) or the spring body (20) has at least one material recess (6) which is provided over the length of the profiled bar or the spring body at least in some regions. The cross-sectional shape of the profiled bar (1) can be the same over the entire length of the profiled bar, whereas the cross-sectional shape in the spring body (20) can vary over the length of the spring body.

Abstract: An extruded workpiece for use as raw material stock in machining is described. The material is extruded through a die that includes a section to form a clamping region, said clamping regions sized and shaped to fit the clamp of a vise used to hold parts during machining. Another embodiment describes the die used to make the workpiece and another embodiment describes a process for using the die and the work piece to generate a finished part.

Abstract: A method for straightening an age hardened metallic form includes heating an age hardened metallic form comprising one of a titanium alloy, a nickel alloy, an aluminum alloy, and a ferrous alloy to a straightening temperature of at least 25° F. below the age hardening temperature, and applying an elongation tensile stress for a time sufficient to elongate and straighten the form. The elongation tensile stress is at least 20% of the yield stress and not equal to or greater than the yield stress at the straightening temperature. The straightened form deviates from straight by no greater than 0.125 inch over any 5 foot length or shorter length. The straightened form is cooled while simultaneously applying a cooling tensile stress that balances the thermal cooling stress in the metallic form to thereby maintain a deviation from straight of no greater than 0.125 inch over any 5 foot length or shorter length.

Abstract: A shaping apparatus for shaping a workpiece. The apparatus comprises first and second pairs of shaping members and a spacer located between the first and second pairs of shaping members. The first pair of shaping members comprises a material having a first linear coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second pair of shaping members comprises a material having a third linear coefficient of thermal expansion. The first linear coefficient of thermal expansion is higher than the second linear coefficient of thermal expansion such that on heating of the apparatus, thermal expansion of the shaping members causes the first pair of shaping members to expand outwardly, and the second pair of shaping members to expand inwardly.

Abstract: In order to provide a steel sheet for hot pressing from which a hot-pressed part excellent in perforation corrosion resistance is obtainable and a method of manufacturing a hot-pressed part using the steel sheet for hot pressing, provided is a steel sheet for hot pressing having, sequentially on a surface of a base steel sheet: a plating layer I containing 60% by mass or more of Ni and the remainder consisting of Zn and inevitable impurities, a coating mass thereof being 0.01 to 5 g/m2; and a plating layer II containing 10 to 25% by mass of Ni and the remainder consisting of Zn and inevitable impurities, a coating mass thereof being 10 to 90 g/m2.

Abstract: A vortex finder for a cyclone separator, comprising a plurality of superposed rings each including a plurality of suspended plate segments. Each of the plate segments includes a main plate having radially offset upper and lower end portions, opposite inner and outer faces, an upper support member integrally formed with the upper end portion to protrude from the outer face, and a lower support member integrally formed with the lower end portion to protrude from the inner face. The upper support member of the plate segments of the one of the rings engages and is supported by the lower support member of the plate segments of another of the rings positioned above the one of the rings. The lower support member defines an open-bottom pocket having at least one pass-through opening for fluidly connecting a space inside the vortex finder with a space outside the vortex finder.

Abstract: An energy absorbing beam structure has controlled crush characteristics. The beam is an elongated structure in which at least a portion of the length of the beam is configured so that a cross section taken transverse to the length of the beam defines a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a first hollow flange projecting from the first sidewall and a second hollow flange projecting from the second sidewall together with a front wall extending between the first and second sidewalls. The beam may be configured to define an open or closed tubular structure and may define one or more central lobes. In an impact condition the beam crushes in a reliable and controlled manner so as to absorb a large amount of kinetic energy. Further disclosed are motor vehicles which include the energy absorbing beams as well as roll forming processes for fabricating the beams.

Abstract: A method for making a light alloy foundry part that includes at least one piping supported by a wall of the part. The method includes making the piping, making a mold reproducing a shape of the part without the piping, positioning the piping in the mold, and casting a metal for making the part. At least a portion of the piping is subjected, prior to the installation thereof in the mold, to a surface-processing to generate a thermal barrier between the portion of the piping and the casting metal, the mold including at least one hollow location around the piping for making a bridge for supporting the piping and extending from the wall of the foundry part.

Abstract: An energy absorbing beam structure has controlled crush characteristics. The beam is an elongated structure in which at least a portion of the length of the beam is configured so that a cross section taken transverse to the length of the beam defines a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a first hollow flange projecting from the first sidewall and a second hollow flange projecting from the second sidewall together with a front wall extending between the first and second sidewalls. The beam may be configured to define an open or closed tubular structure and may define one or more central lobes. In an impact condition the beam crushes in a reliable and controlled manner so as to absorb a large amount of kinetic energy. Further disclosed are motor vehicles which include the energy absorbing beams as well as roll forming processes for fabricating the beams.

Abstract: A method of press-forming a tubular part having a cross section of an irregular shape crushes a steel tube between an upper die and a lower die in order to form a V-shaped cross section. When the curvature radius of a tip of the upper die is defined as R1, the curvature radius of a bottom portion of the lower die corresponding to the tip of the upper die is defined as R2, and the wall thickness of the steel tube is defined as t; R1, R2, and t satisfy R1+2t=R2 and 1.5t?R1?3t.

Abstract: An assembly is provided for forming a trench of a predetermined shape. The trench-forming assembly includes a removable longitudinal form body, a pair of frame members and at least one mounting bracket assembly. The form body is capable of shaping a moldable trench forming composition poured around the form. Each frame member includes a support surface, and is in engagement with a respective side surface of the form body. The mounting bracket assemblies, each of which can include a mounting bracket and a pair of hook members, extend laterally across the top surface of the form body. In this regard, each mounting bracket assembly removably engages a downwardly facing side of the support surface of the frame members.

Abstract: In particular embodiments, the present disclosure provides targets including a metal layer and defining a hollow inner surface. The hollow inner surface has an internal apex. The distance between at least two opposing points of the internal apex is less than about 15 ?m. In particular examples, the distance is less than about lam. Particular implementations of the targets are free standing. The targets have a number of disclosed shaped, including cones, pyramids, hemispheres, and capped structures. The present disclosure also provides arrays of such targets. Also provided are methods of forming targets, such as the disclosed targets, using lithographic techniques, such as photolithographic techniques. In particular examples, a target mold is formed from a silicon wafer and then one or more sides of the mold are coated with a target material, such as one or more metals.

Abstract: A preform main body of an iron species preform for forming a metal matrix composite inserted in an aluminum species alloy base material to be cast-in is bored with a first to fourth through holes communicating an inner peripheral face and an outer peripheral face. In a cast-in step, shrinkage in a peripheral direction of the inner peripheral face and the outer peripheral face of the iron species preform in accordance with solidification of the melted aluminum species alloy is uniformly received by shrinkage in accordance with solidification of the melted aluminum species alloy invading the through holes, movement thereof in the peripheral direction is restrained, a clearance can be prevented from being brought about at an interface, a cast-in performance is excellent and a stable bonding strength of the interface is achieved.

Abstract: Thermal spray processing and cold spray processing are utilized to manufacture porous starting materials (such as tube stock, wire and substrate sheets) from biocompatible metals, metal alloys, ceramics and polymers that may be further processed into porous medical devices, such as stents. The spray processes are also used to form porous coatings on consolidated biocompatible medical devices. The porous substrates and coatings may be used as a reservoir to hold a drug or therapeutic agent for elution in the body. The spray-formed porous substrates and coatings may be functionally graded to allow direct control of drug elution without an additional polymer topcoat. The spray processes are also used to apply the drug or agent to the porous substrate or coating when drug or agent is robust enough to withstand the temperatures and velocities of the spray process with minimal degradation.

Abstract: A blade with improved sharpness and durability is disclosed. The blade includes a base plate having an edge and a coating layer for coating the edge. The coating layer is formed of a material handling metal, and a tip of the coating layer is sharpened. It is preferred that an angle (Ba) between two tapered surfaces be between 15 to 45 degrees.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of spray forming a boron steel metal article, and to the formed article. In at least one embodiment, the method comprises (a) providing a spray forming pattern, (b) spraying metallic particles onto the spray forming pattern, and (c) allowing the sprayed metallic particles to cool to form a metal article. In at least one embodiment, the metallic particles are sprayed from a carbon steel feedstock having a boron content of 0.25-2.25 weight percent, based on the total weight of the feedstock.

Abstract: An adhesive composition is provided for bonding two or more different members which can give a bonded material having excellent heat resistance characteristics while inhibiting breakage of the materials to be bonded by reducing the expansion coefficient, the Young's modulus and the proof stress value. A method for bonding two or more different members using the adhesive composition, and a composite member comprising two or more different members bonded by the above method can be provided by the adhesive composition which comprises a hard solder and a mixture of at least two fine particle materials differing in wettability with the hard solder and which is controlled in expansion coefficient, Young's modulus and proof stress value.

Abstract: A method for plating a second metal directly to a first metal without utilizing a mask. A semiconductor substrate is provided including at least one metal feature and at least one insulating layer covering the metal feature and the substrate. At least one recess is formed in the at least one insulating layer thereby exposing at least a portion of the metal feature. At least one conductive barrier layer is formed over the insulating layer and the exposed portion of the metal feature. A plating seed layer of a first metal is formed over the at least one barrier layer. A photoresist layer is deposited over the plating seed layer. Portions of the photoresist layer and of the plating seed layer outside of the at least one recess are removed. Photoresist remaining in the at least one recess is removed. A second metal is electroplated to the plating seed layer in the recess.

Abstract: A decorative roll-patterned metal strip or sheet, preferably aluminium strip or sheet, having: a thickness of about 0.05-1.0 mm, preferably about 0.1-0.8 mm, with a surface having a plurality of indentations of a depth of about 0.001-0.05 mm, preferably about 0.02-0.035 mm, and optionally having a layer of a paint of a thickness of about 3-30 microns, preferably about 10-15 microns, on the surface and within its indentations, the ratio of the depth of the indentations to the thickness of the strip or sheet being in the range of about 1:5 to about 1:100. A process is provided for making the decorative roll-patterned metal strip.

Abstract: A bearing outer-race performed piece has a turning stock on an outer periphery thereof and has a circular bearing groove on an inner surface thereof. The bearing groove has a cross-section which includes circular portions defined by a circle of a greater diameter than that of a bearing groove of a bearing outer-race product, and a flat portion being arranged between the circular portions at a location shifted toward the center of the circle of the circular portions from a bottom locus of the circular portions.

Abstract: A supply feedstock intended for use in a workpiece finishing machine wherein individual workpieces are successively separated and presented in a predetermined fashion to an automated loading means. The feedstock includes a plurality of individual workpieces arranged in side-by-side order in the form of a continuous belt, or bandolier, of workpieces, each of the workpieces being interconnected at head and tail portions of the workpieces by integral webs, successive workpieces being trimmed from the bandolier and presented to a loading means, while the separated webs are discharged to waste.

Abstract: Continuously cast beam blanks having an adjusted flange shaped to provide an (Aw/Af) ratio for direct rolling as-cast into an entire range of finish products in a family of structural shapes.

Abstract: A supply feedstock intended for use in a workpiece finishing machine wherein individual workpieces are successively separated and presented in a predetermined fashion to an automated loading means. The feedstock includes a plurality of individual workpieces arranged in side-by-side order in the form of a continuous belt, or bandolier, of workpieces, each of the workpieces being interconnected at head and tail portions of the workpieces by integral webs, successive workpieces being trimmed from the bandolier and presented to a loading means, while the separated webs are discharged to waste.

Abstract: A composite to metal joint (10) for torsional shafts is disclosed that will not fail in simple shear and can be manufactured without slipping, bridging, or kinking of the filament using a filament winding machine. The composite to metal joint includes a filament composite (16) formed by winding the filament with the filament winding machine around a metal mandrel (12). The mandrel (12) has an outer surface (14) upon which said filament composite (16) is formed with a cross sectional shape that is asymmetrical about an axis of rotation (24). Also, the outer surface (14) presents a positive angle of incidence to said filament when said filament winding machine winds hoop plies and angle plies.

Abstract: A die head is disclosed for use on an extruder die in which a plate-like structure having an elongated slot through which extrudate is extruded. the slot has a central area which is narrower than the height at each end of the elongated slot. The elongated slot also is arcute in shape, and the central area to each end portion is a mirror image of one another. The die head produces an extrudate which is uniform in thickness throughout a cross-section taken normal to the direction of extrusion, but the extrudate is bowed or arcuate in shape. The combination of a metallic shell and a flexible arcuate magnetic material is also disclosed in which the extruded flexible magnetic strip material is curled within the cylindrical shell such that both the peripheral exterior surface and the peripheral interior surface of the flexible magnetic material is flat in axial cross-section.

Abstract: A raw casting for a metallic article such as a hydraulically actuated ram assembly, which has a rear portion having a bifurcated end as well as front portion having a bifurcated end. The raw casting may also include a barrel portion having an internal bore. The rear portion may serve as a precursor for a rear end cap and associated clevis of the hydraulically actuated ram assembly and the front portion may serve as a precursor for the rod clevis of the hydraulically actuated ram assembly which may be screw threadedly attached to a piston rod or piston of the hydraulically actuated ram assembly.

Abstract: A propeller comprises a first elongate, non-twisted part (1) of streamlined cross-section and of constant cross-sectional area and constant shape from one end of said part to its other, and a second, planar part (2) which connects with one longitudinally extending edge of the first part and which is of constant thickness and breadth. The second part (2) has a surface (5) which merges at least substantially tangentially with one, convex single-curve surface (3) of the first part, and a surface 6 which merges smoothly with the other surface (4) of the first part (1).

Abstract: The present invention provides a propeller or windmill blank comprising a planar sheet of material having markings defining, or being shaped to have, a central or hub region and two blades extending in opposite directions along imaginary lines; and wherein the blank has a marking or line of preferential folding inclined to the first mentioned lines which, when the blank is bent therealong, will result in pitch being applied to the blades.

Abstract: A reinforcing rod or wire is formed with a plurality of helical and longitudinally continuous grooves. At least one of these grooves is of varying width and/or depth, and similarly may have a varying cross-sectional shape.

Abstract: An elbow type of fluid fitting and method for chucking for machining same wherein the fitting includes a body having a pair of fitting branches extending outwardly thereof angularly of each other. The body also includes a gripping boss extending a short distance outward thereof oppositely from one of the branches and substantially coaxial therewith. This boss facilitates chucking of a fitting blank at three separate spaced apart locations for subsequent machining and processing into the finished fitting. One of these locations is at the one branch adjacent the body and the other location is at the gripping boss to provide an increase in stability of the fitting blank during machining.

Abstract: The invention relates to the cold extrusion of a part having a polygonal interior and a cylindrical exterior. Instead of the usual process of forcing a polygonal punch into a billet in a single extrusion step, the new method employs a plurality of extrusion steps, first forming a lobed preparatory blank and then in a second extrusion step providing a punch and die combination whereby the external lobes of the intermediate part are forced radially inwardly. In the second extrusion step a polygonal punch is used to provide the proper polygonal interior surface. A cooperating die is provided with an upper lobed cavity for receiving the lobed preparatory blank and this die is oriented with respect to the polygonal punch so that the interior lobes of the die are exactly opposite the flats of the polygonal punch.